Niels Neumann

Technische Universität Clausthal | TUC · Department of Electrical Information Technology

Wireless readout of optical fiber sensors is of interest for a variety of applications. In the state of the art, the sensor data are digitized before the wireless transmission. We propose a wireless evaluation scheme for fiber Bragg gratings where the sensor signal is transmitted directly without any processing in a simplified sensor node. The unde...

Following Moore’s law, the density of integrated circuits is increasing in all dimensions, for instance, in 3D stacked chip networks. Amongst other electro-optic solutions, multimode optical interconnects on a silicon interposer promise to enable high throughput for modern hardware platforms in a restricted space. Such integrated architectures requ...

This paper presents an ultra-miniaturized implant antenna with a volume of 22.22 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> in the Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) frequency band 402-405 MHz to be integrated with a leadless cardiac pacemaker. The proposed antenna has a plana...

Although microwave photonic approaches have been used for fiber sensing applications before, most contributions in the past dealt with evaluating the sensor signal's amplitude. Carrying this topic on, the authors previously presented a scheme for the interrogation of fiber sensors that was based on a fiber Bragg grating's phase response for the ele...

A planar antenna array on the RF substrate increases the level of system integration and lowers the manufacturing cost for such systems. In this paper, the authors present the design and fabrication of a planar 2x2 antenna array for a 60GHz Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) wireless system. The antenna is radiating at broadside and excited by microstrip line....

Fiber Bragg gratings have been used in optical sensor systems for a long time. The conventional read-out is based on an amplitude evaluation, recent studies consider also the utilization of the group delay characteristic. This paper proposes a novel read-out approach that incorporates the direct evaluation of a fiber Bragg grating’s phase response....

Herein we propose a design of a wavelength-tunable integrated vortex beam emitter based on the silicon-on-insulator platform. The emitter is implemented using a PN-depletion diode inside a microring resonator with the emitting hole grating that was used to produce a vortex beam. The resonance wavelengths can be shifted due to the refractive index c...

This letter presents V-band components which are manufactured in PCB technology and designed for 60-GHz center frequency. A proposed multifinger dc-block provides 30% bandwidth (BW) with an input reflection coefficient < −10 dB. On the same criteria, a modified-triangular design shows 55% BW covering 85% of the $V$ -band which is, to the best of...

This letter presents a bondwire model in the form of a lumped element network which is based on the geometry of the bondwire and landing pads. For the interconnection between a chip and the feedline on a PCB substrate the associated parasitics are calculated, which are responsible for the performance degradation caused by the bondwire at millimeter...

In this paper, we propose fundamental path loss (PL) models which play vital roles in promoting the intra-heart communication system design of future deeply implanted leadless pacemakers inside the cardiac chambers. Initially, employing a plane wave approach yields the attenuation of the electric field in homogeneous heart tissue, while a modified...

The temporal Talbot effect supports the generation of RF signals with high purity in optical domain. This allows for example a remote RF generation without the need for costly high-end electronic circuits and resource sharing. However, one of the most interesting features of the approach is its inherent ability to suppress phase noise during the ca...

The hybridization between microwave and optical technologies – microwave photonics – is an emerging field with high potential. Benefitting from the best of both worlds, microwave photonics has many use cases and is just at the beginning of its success story. The availability of a higher degree of integration and new technologies such as silicon pho...

The present publication investigates the optical scattering behavior of an artificial near-field coupled double-resonant plasmonic molecule on a glass substrate formed by a linear arrangement of three gold nanobars. The aim of the proposed symmetrical structure arrangement is to achieve a significant increase in the feedback of optically induced co...

Optical fibre sensors cover a wide range of applications. They offer versatile advantages including resilience to electromagnetic interference, biocompatibility and chemical resistivity. Even in environments with restricted accessibility, integration difficulties can be overcome by using radio-over-fibre (RoF) technology that allows a wireless read...

This paper presents the design and measurements of a monolithically integrated photonic receiver manufactured in 0.25 μm SiGe BiCMOS electro-photonic technology. The receiver consists of an on-chip germanium photodiode directly connected to the transimpedance amplifier (TIA). An on-chip, low-noise feedback loop compensates the dc photocurrent. The...

The evaluation of optical fiber sensors is conventionally carried out optically by analyzing the amplitude of the transmitted or the reflected light. A novel approach in the form of an electrical read-out was proposed in a former contribution [1]. The underlying concept is to interrogate the optical sensor with an RF modulated laser and carry out a...

The temporal Talbot effect supports the generation of RF signals with high purity in optical domain. This allows for example a remote RF generation without the need for costly high-end electronic circuits and resource sharing. However, one of the most interesting features of the approach is its inherent ability to suppress phase noise during the ca...

This article presents an innovative way for additive manufacturing of optical multimode waveguides for short range data transmission. By the use of aerosol jet printing between conditioning lines on flexible foils, low cost and low weight polymer optical waveguides can be easily fabricated. The main advantages – compared to other waveguide manufact...

This paper presents the design of a 60 GHz grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) based Marchand balun that is robust against variations of substrate height or dielectric constant. The via-free design and minimum trace width and trace-to-trace clearance of 0.1 mm makes this balun compatible for fabrication with economical printed circuit board (PCB) de...

In Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) systems, wireless signals are transported over optical carriers, converted to electrical domain and subsequently radiated. A planar antenna on the RF substrate increases the level of system integration and lowers the manufacturing cost for those systems. We investigate in this paper the performance of a planar 2×2 antenna...

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) frequency band is becoming an alternative for the implanted RF link in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). Previous works on WBAN and in the UWB frequency band study the channel characterization, where the effect of the antenna has been considered as a part of it. Nevertheless, in WBAN this effect is highly relevant and often u...

While conventional silicon photonic (SiP) waveguides achieve high data rates with low loss, they can only be placed on top of the chip surfaces horizontally. In this paper, we present a design approach for multimode chip-to-chip interconnects with similar low-loss and high-bandwidth density properties as SiP waveguides. The state-of-the-art fabrica...

We study analytically and numerically the possibility of vortex modes propagation over planar dielectric rectangular waveguides, and consider the problem of waveguide geometry optimization for the support of vortex modes. The results show, that theoretically rectangular waveguides can provide transmission of quasi-TE and quasi-TM modes with high pu...

This paper presents a planar Marchand balun design for 60 GHz applications. This design provides a low cost and rapid solution of testing commercially available mmWave ICs working with differential signalling on the PCB with the available single-ended laboratory equipment. This microstrip-based balun is designed to be compatible for PCB implementat...

The next generation of implanted medical devices is expected to be wireless, bringing along new security threats. Thus, it is critical to secure the communication between legitimate nodes inside the body from a possible eavesdropper. This work assesses the feasibility of securing next generation multi-nodal leadless cardiac pacemakers using physica...

Conventionally, non-continuous techniques are used to detect, locate and quantify structural damages on buildings, bridges or other infrastructure. If a structural damage or failure is detected, continuous monitoring by means of conventional sensors is required until refurbishment or demolition. Moreover, early detection in order to avoid sudden co...

Optical fiber sensors cover a wide range of applications. They offer versatile advantages including resilience against electromagnetic interference, biocompatibility and chemical resistivity. Even in environments with restricted accessibility, integration difficulties can be overcome by using Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) technology. Conventionally, the e...

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Polarisationsbestimmung, bei der bzw. dem auf der Oberfläche eines Substrates 8 mindestens sechs Antennen 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 und mindestens sechs Leistungsdetektoren 7 flächig angeordnet sind oder in das Substrat 8 eingebracht sind und jeder Antenne 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 genau einer der Leistun...

On-chip THz devices manufactured in a standard semiconductor process can be used for beam diagnostics. The poster gives an overview about realized THz devices and their application at various accelerator facilities e.g. TELBE, FLASH, SwissFEL, DELTA, KARA. This includes operation as bunch length monitor and the acquisition of single-shot spectral f...

In an effort to develop a cost-efficient technology for wireless high-temperature surface acoustic wave sensors, this study presents an evaluation of a combined method that integrates physical vapor deposition with electroless deposition for the fabrication of platinum-based planar antennas. The proposed manufacturing process becomes attractive for...

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) frequency band is becoming an alternative for the implanted RF link in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). Previous works on WBAN and in the UWB frequency band study the channel characterization, where the effect of the antenna has been considered as a part of it . Nevertheless, in WBAN this effect is highly relevant and often...

For very short distances, interconnects are realized today as electrical interface. For longer ranges, optical interfaces are in operation. In between, both solutions are implemented. However, with increasing data rates, optical interconnects are used for links with ever-decreasing lengths. Energy efficiency is an important parameter for the choice...

The layout of an integrated millimetre-scale on-chip THz spectrometer is presented and its peformance demonstrated. The device is based on eight Schottky-diode detectors which are combined with narrowband THz antennas, thereby enabling the simultaneous detection of eight frequencies in the THz range on one chip. The size of the active detector area...

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Einbetten mindestens eines elektronischen Bauelements (1) in einen Träger (2). Hierbei wird das mindestens eine Bauelement (1) in oder an einer Aufnahmeeinheit (3) fixiert und der Träger (2) wird durch schichtweises Aufbringen eines Trägerwerkstoffs in oder auf die Aufnahmeei...

PAM4 is a modulation format of interest for optical short and medium range communication. Noise, nonlinear characteristics and component bandwidth have a complex relationship influencing the system performance. The interdependency is investigated for PAM4 by means of error vector magnitude. It will be shown by numerical simulations that with increa...

At DELTA, a 1.5-GeV electron storage ring operated as a synchrotron light source by the TU Dortmund University, an interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with electron bunches is used to generate broadband as well as tunable narrowband radiation in the frequency range between 75 GHz and 5.6 THz. The performance of the source was studied using two d...

Large scale Data Centers (DC) and High Performance Computing (HPC) systems require more and more computing power at higher energy efficiency. They are already consuming megawatts of power, and a linear extrapolation of trends reveals that they may eventually lead to unrealistic power consumption scenarios in order to satisfy future requirements (e....

The combination of surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensing and radio frequency identification (RFID) is an upcoming technology for temperature measurement in the high temperature range up to 1000°C. However, developing of those temperature sensor devices are challenging especially with respect to high-temperature properties of the materials of the devi...

3DICs are industry-accepted path for future semiconductor development and TSVs are significant component for the 3D integration. High speed on chip communication is the fundamental requirement to incorporate future, performance driven applications like High Bandwidth Memories (HBM), High speed data processing and transmission, High density mobile i...

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By moving carrier frequencies to higher and higher frequency bands, larger bandwidths can be provided for data-hungry wireless applications. The submillimeter wave region is a promising candidate for future systems. In order to accommodate sophisticated modulation formats, coherent local oscillators in the transmitter (TX) and the receiver (RX) are...

In this article we present a bidirectional interruption-free multimode waveguide coupler for optical bus systems on board an module level. The principle is based on directional core-core-coupling and allows for adjustable coupling powers by tuning the overlap area. By adding a bending to one of the coupling partners it is possible to obtain specifi...

Optical connectivity has the potential to outperform copper-based TSVs in terms of bandwidth at the cost of more complexity due to the required electro-optical and opto-electrical conversion. The continuously increasing demand for higher bandwidth pushes the breakeven point for a profitable operation to shorter distances. To integrate an optical co...

The continuously increasing demand for higher bandwidth and evolution towards to 5G makes the application of an optical chip to chip interconnect system conceivable. Based on the assumption of a 3D-chip-package an essential ingredient of such a system is the availability of a vertical interconnect. To integrate an optical communication network in a...

An affordable, simple and energy-efficient 10 GHz IF-over-Fiber system was investigated. We present here the design of a printed circuit board for a central station (CS) used in intermediate frequency (IF) over fiber downlink transmis-sion. The CS inherently consists of IQ mixer, which facilitates quadrature modulation desirable to increase the spe...

Current trends, as Internet of Things and Cloud Computing, call for high interconnect bandwidth, increased number of devices and high IO count. The integration of optical waveguides on interposer becomes an alternative to cope with the performance demands. There is a lack of coupling elements between horizontal and vertical (through silicon vias, T...

The continuously increasing demand for higher bandwidth and evolution towards to 5G makes the application of an optical chip to chip interconnect system conceivable. Based on the assumption of a 3D-chip-package an essential ingredient of such a system is the availability of a vertical interconnect. To integrate an optical communication network in a...

In future, computing platforms will invoke massive parallelism by using a huge number of processing elements. These elements need broadband interconnects to communicate with each other. Following More-than-Moore concepts, soon large numbers of processors will be arranged in 3D chip-stacks. This trend to stack multiple dies produces a demand for hig...

The carrier frequencies of wireless systems are expanded to higher and higher frequency bands where huge bandwidths for data-hungry applications can be realized. One of the prospective regions is the sub-millimeterwave band. Wireless transmission needs coherent local oscillators at the transmitter and receiver for efficient operation. At such high...

A prospective frequency band for short range communication is around 300 GHz where sufficient bandwidth is available for high data rates. Up- and down converters providing around 20 GHz bandwidth at a carrier frequency within 260 GHz to 400 GHz have been used. At such high frequencies, the propagation properties differ significantly from the known...

Nowadays, computing and storage are moving from PC-like clients to large Internet service providers that use the cloud. Therefore, there is the need for more powerful and efficient warehouse data centres to host and cloud computing applications. The optical networking scientific community recognized early the huge potential that optical technologie...

Optical systems for data transmission have a history that can be traced back to different roots starting with the invention of the semiconductor laser and the glass fiber in the 1960s. Different application areas such as data center connectivity and long-haul transmission have led to different optical communication solutions. Chip-to-chip communica...

An optical Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) is a key element for vertical optical connections in 3D chip stacks. Implementing a manufacturing process based on the well-established electrical TSVs is an important task. Besides the challenging photolithographic, etching, and deposition processes, performance is influenced by geometry (e.g., achievable aspec...

In dem im Zuge der Initiative Zwanzig20 geförderten BMBF-Verbundprojekt Carbon Concrete Composite C³ werden multifunktionale Betonbauteile mit innovativer Carbonbewehrungsstruktur für funktionalisierte Gebäudehüllen realisiert. Zur kontinuierlichen In-Situ-Strukturüberwachung werden diese neuartigen Textilbetonbauteile im Teilvorhaben C³Sense mit t...

Phased array antennas can cover a wide range of applications, e.g. localizing passive tags. Depending on the specifications for antenna gain, beam width and scanning range, different types and numbers of antenna elements are required. This kind of flexibility is provided by a customizable approach consisting of a control module and backplanes that...

In this paper, signal processing techniques applied on the received signal from Radio over Fiber system have been investigated. The structure of the RoF system, starting by the 60 GHz carrier generation using an external modulator, Optical Single Side Band 10 Gb/s QPSK modulation with IQ Dual Parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator, base station, and the e...

A simple and affordable 10 GHz intermediate frequency (IF) over fiber system with direct detection and up conversion at the base station (BS) was designed. Its central station (CS) output signal performance was evaluated. In the proposed system, quadrature phase-shifting keying (QPSK) with a data rate of 5 Gbit/s was used to enhance the spectral ef...

This article reports on a concept for a novel, compact fiber-optic sensor for the detection of pH-dependent swelling in a thin hydrogel coating. The sensor deploys a long-period fiber grating (LPG) in order to achieve highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of a cladding mode which interacts evanescently with a thin gold layer and a hydrog...

Passive transponders based on surface acoustic waves (SAW) working at 2.4 GHz can be used in animal location systems inside stables where GPS fails. For that kind of systems, a steerable antenna is needed. Due to the environmental conditions inside a stable, a phased array antenna system providing electronic steering and avoiding moving parts is fa...

In this paper, signal processing techniques applied on the received signal from Radio over Fiber system have been investigated. The structure of the RoF system, starting by the 60 GHz carrier generation using an external modulator, Optical Single Side Band 10 Gb/s QPSK modulation with IQ Dual Parallel Mach Zehnder Modulator, base station, and the e...

In this paper, a novel measurement method for the permittivity of any solid, dielectric material in the microwave range is presented. The general measurement procedure is described, which mainly consists of the measurement of a material under test placed on top of a planar transmission line being measured using on-wafer probes on a wafer probing st...

A simple and affordable 10 GHz Intermediate frequency (IF) over fiber system with direct detection and up conversion at the base station (BS) was designed. Its central station (CS) output signal performance was evaluated. In the proposed system, QPSK with a data rate of 5 Gbit/s was used to enhance the spectral efficiency of the analog transmitted...

THz radiation generated in modern superconducting linear accelerators (linacs) is a good measure for the longitudinal beam shape properties which is crucial information for operators. As today's THz spectrometers are costly and bulky, we aim at developing a simple integrated on-chip spectrometer taking advantage of recent semiconductor technology....

The longitudinal beam shape properties, crucial information to operators, can be monitored in modern superconducting linear accelerators measuring the generated THz radiation. Recent semiconductor technology may help to replace the single element THz detectors (e.g. used at the ELBE accelerator in Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR)) as wel...

Optical sensors can be used to measure various quantities such as pressure, strain, temperature, refractive index, pH value and biochemical reactions. The interrogation of the sensor can be performed spectrally or using a simple power measurement. However, the evaluation of the sensor signal and the subsequent radio transmission of the results is c...

The convergence of optical and wireless systems such as Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) networks is the key to coping with the increasing bandwidth demands due to the increasing popularity of video and other high data rate applications. A high level of integration of optical technologies enables simple base stations with a fiber-to-the-antenna (FTTA) approa...

Superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) accelerator technology can provide relativistic electron bunches with quasi-cw repetition rates scaling from the kHz to GHz regime [1, 2, 3, 4]. The SRF accelerator ELBE [1] is up to now Europe's only quasi-cw linear electron accelerator (LINAC) that has been operating for more than 10 years as a driver for seve...

Bunch compression monitors are essential for the efficient operation of linear accelerators. The spectral distribution of coherently generated THz radiation is a favorable measure for the shape of the electron bunches. Today, THz spectrometers are bulky and costly. Here, the concept of an integrated on-chip semiconductor spectrometer being develope...

In a collaborative effort between the TU Dresden and the HZDR within the frame of the BMBF Project InSEl, a compact on-chip THz spectrometer shall be developed which allows detecting the intensity distribution at up to 20 different THz frequencies between 0.1 and 1.5 THz simultaneously. The intended use of the spectrometer which shall not exceed 5...