Nicole D Miranda

• Chemical Engineer
• Senior Researcher at University of Oxford

Large ensembles of global temperature are provided for three climate scenarios: historical (2006–16), 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C above pre-industrial levels. Each scenario has 700 members (70 simulations per year for ten years) of 6-hourly mean temperatures at a resolution of 0.833° ´ 0.556° (longitude ´ latitude) over the land surface. The data was generat...

Limiting global mean temperature rise to 1.5 °C is increasingly out of reach. Here we show the impact on global cooling demand in moving from 1.5 °C to 2.0 °C of global warming. African countries have the highest increase in cooling requirements. Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Norway (traditionally unprepared for heat) will suffer the largest...

Build-Up Webinar initiative from the EU Commission This webinar provided valuable insights into sustainable cooling solutions within the context of the Future of Cooling Programme at the University of Oxford. Led by Dr. Nicole Miranda, Senior Researcher of the Future of Cooling Programme this presentation commenced with an introduction to the fram...

This paper examines the metrics used to account for the contribution to global warming from fluorinated gases (f-gases) mainly used as refrigerants for cooling. F-gases are key to climate mitigation discussion as they a) are critical to delivering the surging demand for air conditioners which is expected to triple by 2050, b) have strong Global War...

Large ensembles of global temperature are provided for three climate scenarios: historical (2006-16), 1.5 C and 2.0 C above pre-industrial levels. Each scenario has 700 members (70 runs per year for 10-year periods) of 6-hourly mean temperatures at a resolution of 0.833 degrees x 0.556 degrees (longitude x latitude). The data was generated using th...

Original research submitted to Nature Climate Change and under review. Abstract: HFC refrigerant gases are the fastest growing atmospheric GHGs and amongst the most potent. Yet, unlike methane (a short-lived GHG akin to most refrigerants but with significantly lower GWPs), the error s in estimating refrigerant warming based on CO2-equivalent metr...

This article examines cooling in the built environment, an area of rapidly rising energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Specifically, the status quo of cooling is assessed and proposals are made for how to advance towards sustainable cooling through five levers of change: social interactions, technology innovations, business models, governanc...

This paper shows the impact on global cooling demand of moving from a 1.5ºC to 2.0ºC temperature increase. African countries have the highest increase in cooling requirements. The United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Norway (traditionally unprepared for extreme heat) will suffer the largest relative cooling demand surges.

Data to replicate global maps on absolute and relative changes in cooling degree days (from a 1.5ºC to a 2.0ºC warmer planet). Ensembles of 2100 climate simulations were generated using the HadAM4P Atmosphere-only General Circulation Model (AGCM) from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre. Three scenarios (with 700 simulations each) were used: historica...

Fluorinated gases (f-gases) used for refrigeration have a global warming potential as high as 12,000 kgCO2-eq (for e.g., HFC-23). These are key to climate mitigation discussion as f-gases are critical to delivering the surging demand for air conditioners which is expected to triple by 2050 and are targeted by international policy agreements such as...

Cooling energy demand is expected to undergo exponential growth in the upcoming decades with important implications for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, indirectly from electricity use and directly from refrigerants. The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol addresses some of the challenges of managing GHG emissions associated with refrigerant g...

This paper models the retrofitting of traditional rural dwellings in Uganda by introducing passive cooling and daylighting measures. With climate change, outdoor temperatures in parts of the Global South will become unbearable. Communities will be forced to spend more time indoors and thus require further cooling and daytime lighting for thermal an...

Showcasing the analytical framework for sustainable cooling developed by the Future of Cooling Programme from the Oxford Martin School.

This paper presents the trends and actors from research publications covering passive cooling technologies. The unprecedented growth in the provision of cooling is posing a significant risk to energy systems and the natural environment, making passive cooling an important alternative to air conditioners. This paper provides a first necessary step t...

The rise in global cooling demand will have significant impacts on our efforts to limit climate change and foster sustainable development. Minimising these impacts requires further development of active cooling technologies, starting with an examination of existing technologies and their characteristics. This paper provides an overview of active co...

Talk at University of Newcastle (online event) A second presentation covering the publication "Cooling for sustainable development" in Nature Sustainability (Oct 2020) from the Future of Cooling Programme (Oxford Martin School - University of Oxford).

The unprecedented rise in cooling demand globally is a critical blind spot in sustainability debates. We examine cooling as a system comprised of active and passive measures, with key social and technical components, and explain its link to all 17 Sustainable Development Goals. We propose an analytical and solution-oriented framework to identify an...

This work presents a novel meta-analysis for methane yields from anaerobically digesting dairy cattle manure. A database is compiled from 115 articles (2181 cases) by systematically assessing the academic literature. and secondary variables collected in the database describe performance, operation conditions of digester and manure composition. Inpu...

This meta-analysis quantifies the changes in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dairy farms, caused by anaerobically digesting (AD) cattle manure. As this is a novel quantifiable synthesis of the literature, a database of GHG emissions from dairy farms is created. Each case in the database consists of a baseline (reference with no AD system) and a...

This work presents results of a survey of case studies to quantify the potential energy production and GHG emission changes of anaerobically digesting (AD) cattle manure in three Guatemalan dairy farms. Livestock inventory and energy consumption data were collected and used to define three scenarios for each farm: baseline, AD with condensing boile...

gamma-Al2O3 support was modified with zirconia by the grafting method, using zirconium(IV) n-propoxide as precursor. Rh catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation of pure gamma-Al2O3 (Rh/A), Zr modified gamma-Al2O3 (Rh/100Z-A), and pure ZrO2 (Rh/Z) supports. Rh/A presents a good activity in dry reforming of methane and exhibits a high amount of su...

Grafting CeO2 or ZrO2 (monolayer coverages of 25 to 100%) on Rh(1 wt.%)/Al2O3 catalysts resulted in the enhancement of DRM reaction-rate, as compared to Rh over pure supports. This improvement is mainly attributed to better dispersion, and in a lesser degree to H2-spillover, both evidenced in TPR-H2 profiles.

A method of analysis of phloretin (3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one) in biological fl uids is necessary to study the kinetics of in vitro and in vivo metabolism and its concentration in natural products. A high- performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of phloretin in rat serum....

The majority of pharmacokinetic studies of individual flavonoids or after ingestion of foodstuffs have overlooked the chirality of some of these xenobiotics. In order to characterize for the first time the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of three flavonoids, hesperetin, naringenin and eriodictyol were intravenously administered (20 mg/kg) to male...

To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of Glyco-Flex^® III (GFIII), inflammation was induced using IL- 1 β in canine chondrocytes. Anti - oxidant capacity was measured using the ABTS method. GFIII whole tablet and separate active constituents (grape seed extract, glucosamine HCl, MSM, DMG, Perna canaliculus ) and de...

A stereospecific method of analysis of eriodictyol [5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone] in biological fluids is necessary to study the kinetics of in vitro and in vivo metabolism, and tissue distribution in fruits and humans. A simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the stereospecific determination of eriodictyol in ra...