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Publications (98)
T-type/Cav3 calcium channels are key in neuronal excitability and pain processing with Cav3.2 being the prominent isoform in primary sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Its pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing induces analgesia in several preclinical models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. However, the presence of Cav3.2...
Inflammation and pain are intertwined responses to injury, infection, or chronic diseases. While acute inflammation is essential in determining pain resolution and opioid analgesia, maladaptive processes occurring during resolution can lead to the transition to chronic pain. Here we found that inflammation activates the cytosolic DNA–sensing protei...
Ependymal cells lining the central canal of the spinal cord play a crucial role in providing a physical barrier and in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. These cells express the FOXJ1 and SOX2 transcription factors in mice and are derived from various neural tube populations, including embryonic roof and floor plate cells. They exhibit a dorsa...
The mammalian spinal cord functions as a community of cell types for sensory processing, autonomic control, and movement. While animal models have advanced our understanding of spinal cellular diversity, characterizing human biology directly is important to uncover specialized features of basic function and human pathology. Here, we present a cellu...
Spinal cord ependymal cells have stem cell properties in mice. They surround the central canal and keep expressing spinal cord developmental transcription factors. Similar cells exist in young humans however their persistence with aging is debated.
We clarified this issue by collecting 17 spinal cords from organ donors, aged between 37 and 83 years...
Background
To report the initial experience of surgery for non-functioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) from a neurosurgeon in a dedicated residency training endoscopic transsphenoidal (ETS) program, and detail the surgical and clinical outcomes during this period.MethodsA prospective series of all patients operated for NFPA, using an ETS approach, dur...
The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a receptor tyrosine kinase known for its oncogenic potential and involved in the development of the peripheral and central nervous system. ALK receptor ligands, ALKAL1 and ALKAL2 were recently found to promote neuronal differentiation and survival. Here we show that inflammation or injury enhanced ALKAL2 expr...
In neurodegenerative diseases of the human spinal cord, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), motoneurons are particularly vulnerable to degeneration. It is hypothesized that their large size contributes to disease susceptibility, but the link between genetic variants associated with disease and cell-type specific degeneration is not clear....
Many histological techniques are used to identify and characterize myelin in the mammalian nervous system. Due to the high content of lipids in myelin sheaths, coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is a label-free method that allows identifying myelin within tissues. CARS excites the CH 2 vibrational mode at 2845 cm ⁻¹ and CH 2 bo...
Background
C1-C2 injury represents 25–40% of cervical injuries and predominantly occurs in the geriatric population.
Methods
A prospective multicentre study was conducted under the aegis of the french spine surgery society (SFCR) investigating the impact of age, comorbidities, lesion type, and treatment option on mortality, complications, and fusi...
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common condition requiring surgical treatment, however, recurrence occurs in 9-26% of cases. Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has recently emerged as a promising treatment to prevent CSDH recurrence.
Objective
To investigate the effect of MMA embolization on hematoma volume resorption (HVR...
Background
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common condition requiring surgical treatment; however, recurrence occurs in 15% of cases at 1 year. Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has recently emerged as a promising treatment to prevent CSDH recurrence.
Objective
To investigate the effect of MMA embolization on hematoma volume resorpt...
Résumé
Background
Les infections du site opératoire (ISO) dans les chirurgies du rachis cervical par voie antérieure sont réputées très peu fréquentes. Peu de données concernant le mécanisme physiopathologique et les facteurs de risque sont retrouvées dans la littérature pour ces interventions. Par ailleurs, le rapport entre l’infection locale et...
Résumé
Introduction
Les fractures bi-isthmiques de C2 représentent 15 à 20 % des fractures du rachis cervical et la stratégie de prise en charge de ces fractures reste encore sujette à débat, reposant principalement sur la classification d’Effendi modifiée par Levine et Edwards. L’objectif de cette étude prospective, multicentrique et observationn...
Background:
Surgical site infection is reputed to be infrequent in anterior cervical spine surgery. Data on pathophysiological mechanism and risk factors are sparse. The relationship between local site infection and pharyngoesophageal perforation is unclear. The present study aimed: (1) to estimate the incidence of surgical site infection in anter...
Background:
Hangman's fractures account for 15% to 20% of all cervical spine fractures. The grading system developed by Effendi and modified by Levine and Edwards is generally used as the basis for management decisions. Nonetheless, the optimal management remains controversial. The objective of this study was to describe the treatments used in Fra...
Purpose
The French Society of Spine Surgery (SFCR) conducted a prospective epidemiologic multicenter study. The purpose was to investigate mortality, complication, and fusion rates in patients with odontoid fracture, depending on age, comorbidities, fracture type, and treatment.
Methods
Out of 204 patients, 60 were ≤ 70 years and 144 were > 70 yea...
Résumé
Introduction
Trois types de fractures de C1 ont été décrits en fonction de la localisation : type 1 (arc antérieur ou postérieur), type 2 (Jefferson : arc antérieur et postérieur), type 3 (masse latérale). Leur stabilité dépend de l’intégrité du ligament transverse. L’objectif principal était d’analyser le taux de complications et de consol...
Introduction:
Three types of C1 fracture have been described, according to location: type 1 (anterior or posterior arc), type 2 (Jefferson: anterior and posterior arc), and type 3 (lateral mass). Stability depends on transverse ligament integrity. The main aim of the present study was to analyze complications and consolidation rates according to f...
Hypothèse
Les fixations percutanées par vis pédiculaire (FPVP) (FPVP) sont de plus en plus pratiquées en chirurgie du rachis, minimisant la morbidité via un moindre délabrement musculaire mais au prix d’un guidage fluoroscopique peropératoire générant une forte exposition aux rayonnements. Peu d’études ont été conduites pour les mesurer précisément...
Hypothesis:
Percutaneous pedicle screw fixations (PPSF) are increasingly used in spine surgery, minimizing morbidity through less muscle breakdown but at the cost of intraoperative fluoroscopic guidance that generates high radiation exposure. Few studies have been conducted to measure them accurately.
Material and methods:
The objective of our s...
Spinal cord injuries (SCI) lead to major disabilities affecting > 2.5 million people worldwide. Major shortcomings in clinical translation result from multiple factors, including species differences, development of moderately predictive animal models, and differences in methodologies between preclinical and clinical studies. To overcome these obsta...
Introduction
Rapporter les résultats radiologiques et fonctionnels des patients atteints de fractures lombaires comminutives traitées par arthrodèse circonférentielle en deux temps.
Matériel et méthodes
Cette série prospective, multicentrique, regroupe 74 patients atteints de fractures lombaires comminutives. La prise en charge thérapeutique compr...
Ex vivo MRI assessments following SCI. Ex vivo T2 weighted images (B, D, F, H, and J) and diffusion MRI (A, C, E, G, and I) from the same mouse spinal cord rostral (A–D) within (E,F) and caudal (G–J) to the lesion epicenter (E–F). Panels (C,D) correspond to annotated images of (A,B); (I,J) correspond to annotated images of (G,H). Entire spinal cord...
A cleared spinal cord of an un-injured CX3CR1+/eGFP mouse imaged with two-photon microscopy to assess microglia/monocytes density. Clearing of the spinal cord substantially improves the depth of two-photon imaging. For fully automated counting of microglia/monocytes, scans were converted into 3D objects. The animation was created using Imaris.
Bar graph representations of Tables 2A–D.
Central nervous system (CNS) injury has been observed to lead to microglia activation and monocytes infiltration at the lesion site. Ex vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (diffusion MRI or DWI) allows detailed examination of CNS tissues, and recent advances in clearing procedures allow detailed imaging of fluorescent-labeled cells at high re...
Neurons have inherent competence to regrow following injury, although not spontaneously. Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces a pronounced neuroinflammation driven by resident microglia and infiltrating peripheral macrophages. Microglia are the first reactive glial population after SCI and participate in recruitment of monocyte-derived macrophages to t...
Specific microgial transcript over-expression after SCI in CX3CR1+/eGFP mice. Bar graphs displaying specific over-expression of microglia-specific transcripts at different stages after HS (A). Values are actual fold change. Bar graphs indicating up-regulation of Serpina3n transcript expressions in microglia at different time-point after HS and FT S...
Induction of neural development pathways in microglia after SCI. Gene ontology pathway map analysis displaying the induction of neural development pathway in microglia after SCI. Thermometers indicate deregulated genes (red: up-regulated; blue: down-regulated). Interactions between objects: green (positive or activation); red (negative or inhibitio...
Database of differential expression comparison of activated microglia RNA-Seq data relative to non-injured control microglia at 72 h, 1 and 2 weeks after hemisection and full transection injuries.
Specific microglial eGFP expression in CX3CR1+/eGFP mice spinal cord. Schematic drawing of longitudinal spinal cords from either non-injured control or following FT. The red square illustrates the lesion site and reference frames display on the field of views. Confocal micrographs showing microglial eGFP expression in non-injured CX3CR1+/eGFP mice...
Flow cytometry analysis. Representative flow cytometry analysis dot plots displaying control (A) and eGFPhigh-expressing microglia profiles from non-injured (B) as well as after HS (C) and FT SCI (D). Surrounded areas, designed as “P4” represent sorted cells that correspond to the eGFPhigh-expressing cells further analyzed using RNAseq. The X- and...
Increased IBA1 reactivity 3 months after SCI in Microcebus murinus. Bright field micrographs displaying IBA1-positive microglia rostral (A–C), within (D–F) and caudal (G–I) to the lesion site at 3 months following spinal cord hemisection in Microcebus murinus. Note similar to BRCA1 immunostaining adjacent sections stained with IBA1 displayed identi...
Database of the expression level of cellular markers (microglia, neuronal, astrocyte and oligodendrocyte). Differentially expressed genes amongst these cellular markers, data relative to non-injured control microglia at 72 h, 1 and 2 weeks after hemisection and full transection injuries. FC, Fold change; FDR, false discovery rate.
Microglia responses after SCI are time-dependent irrespective of lesion severity. Schematic diagram displaying the multiple comparisons carried out to analyze deregulated genes in microglia at multiple time-points after HS and FT SCI (A). Table illustrating the number of deregulated transcripts in each comparisons (B). Note that no deregulated gene...
Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes in activated microglia after hemisection and full transection injuries.
Aim:
To report the radiological and functional results of a multicentre, prospective case series of patients with comminuted lumbar fractures treated with two-stage circumferential arthrodesis.
Methods:
A multicentre, prospective case series of 74 patients with comminuted lumbar fractures was analyzed. The strategy entailed initial posterior ost...
Objective:
Vertebral body cement augmentation as treatment option for osteoporotic or traumatic fractures has become increasingly popular during the past decade. However, these surgical procedures require numerous fluoroscopic examinations resulting in high radiation exposure for the patient and the surgical team. The aim of this study was to eval...
Object:
Spinal instrumentation has a high rate of surgical site infection (SSI), but results greatly vary depending on surveillance methodology, surgical procedures, or quality of follow-up. Our aim was to study true incidence of SSI in spinal surgery by significant data collection, and to compare it with the results obtained through the hospital...
La chirurgie rachidienne instrumentée a un taux élevé d’infection du site opératoire (ISO). Cependant, les résultats sont variables en fonction de la méthodologie de la surveillance, du type de procédures, ou de la qualité du suivi. Notre objectif était d’étudier l’incidence réelle des ISO dans la chirurgie rachidienne instrumentée grâce à une méth...
Peu de données récentes existent en France concernant l’épidémiologie de la traumatologie rachidienne. Les thérapeutiques ont pourtant évolué par une meilleure connaissance de l’équilibre sagittal et grâce aux techniques mini-invasives.
Résumé
Introduction
La mise en commun des connaissances et des pratiques lors des Congrès français sur la chirurgie du rachis a mis en évidence une variabilité entre les différentes « écoles » de chirurgie et entre les deux spécialités (orthopédie et neurochirurgie). Cette variabilité semble maximale dans le cadre de la traumatologie rachidienne....
Introduction:
Recent epidemiological data for spinal trauma in France are sparse. However, increased knowledge of sagittal balance and the development of minimally invasive techniques have greatly improved surgical management.
Objectives:
To describe the epidemiology and management of traumatic vertebral fracture, and to analyze evolution and ri...
Background:
In France, attempts to define common ground during spine surgery meetings have revealed significant variability in clinical practices across different schools of surgery and the two specialities involved in spine surgery, namely, neurosurgery and orthopaedic surgery.
Objectives:
To objectively characterise this variability by perform...
Purpose
The morphological and biomechanical features of the thoracic spine, together with its close proximity to the spinal cord, set it apart from other spinal segments. Management of thoracic spine injuries consists of achieving a reduction and an immediate and long-lasting stabilization of the spine while constantly protecting the central and pe...
Introduction
Le rachis thoracique est un segment particulier de la colonne vertébrale du fait de ses particularités morphologiques et biomécaniques, et de ses rapports étroits avec l’axe neural. Les objectifs de la prise en charge des traumatismes de ce segment sont multiples : apporter une réduction, et une stabilisation immédiate et pérenne du ra...
Purpose:
To investigate the incidence of surgical-site infection (SSI) and determinate the risk factors of SSI in the context of spinal injury.
Methods:
From February 1, 2011 to July 31, 2011, for a multicentre cohort of patients with acute spinal injury, we prospectively censored those with SSI for at least 12 months. We recorded epidemiologic...
As spinal surgery in elderly patients is becoming increasingly frequent, comorbidities likely to be decompensated after such procedures must be kept in mind. We report here the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented rapidly progressive spinal cord compression following lumbar surgery for radiculopathy. Investigations showed a thoracic intradura...
As spinal surgery in elderly patients is becoming increasingly frequent, comorbidities likely to be decompensated after such procedures must be kept in mind. We report here the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented rapidly progressive spinal cord compression following lumbar surgery for radiculopathy. Investigations showed a thoracic intradura...
Les accidents de plongeon présentent dans 90 % des cas une lésion du rachis cervical avec de possibles atteintes de la moelle cervicale. Les victimes sont souvent jeunes, en bonne santé et méconnaissent fréquemment les lieux de l’accident.
Our group recently provided evidence for the presence of neural stem cells and/or progenitor cells in the adult human spinal cord. In this chapter, we review materials and methods to harvest high-quality samples of thoracolumbar, lumbar, and sacral adult human spinal cord from brain-dead patients who had agreed to donate their bodies to science for...
Les tumeurs glomiques, lésions bénignes rares, se développent généralement au niveau des tissus mous. L’exérèse chirurgicale semble être le traitement de choix. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente de 52 ans, se plaignant de douleurs dorsales chroniques, qui présentait une tumeur paravertébrale thoracique sans atteinte osseuse se révélant être un...
Ninety percent of the lesions resulting from diving injuries affect the cervical spine and are potentially associated with spinal cord injuries. The objective is to determine the most frequent lesion mechanisms. Evaluate the therapeutic alternatives and the biomechanical evolution (kyphotic deformation) of diving-induced cervical spine injuries. De...
Background and purpose:
To evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation, operative techniques and long-term outcome of spinal meningiomas following surgery.
Methods:
Fifteen patients harboring spinal meningiomas were treated between 1998 and 2005 in our department. Diagnosis was made on magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed histologically. M...
Objective
Specify the epidemiological data on the acute spinal cord injuries and define a group of patients that could benefit from cellular transplantation therapy designed with the aim of repair and regeneration of damaged spinal cord tissues.Material and methodsFive years monocentric (Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France) retrospective...
Specify the epidemiological data on the acute spinal cord injuries and define a group of patients that could benefit from cellular transplantation therapy designed with the aim of repair and regeneration of damaged spinal cord tissues.
Five years monocentric (Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France) retrospective analysis of patients sufferin...
The authors describe the case of a 29-year-old man presenting with left retrooccipital and cervical pain associated with left ear fullness and rhythmic tinnitus. Head rotation movements on the right side and the Valsalva maneuver increased symptoms. A CT scan identified hyperpneumatization of the left temporal bone extending to the occipital bone a...
Serotonergic innervation of the spinal cord in mammals has multiple roles in the control of motor, sensory and visceral functions. In rats, functional consequences of spinal cord injury at thoracic level can be improved by a substitutive transplantation of serotonin (5-HT) neurons or regeneration under the trophic influence of grafted stem cells. T...
Background and purpose:
Individual rupture risk assessment of intracranial aneurysms is a major issue in the clinical management of asymptomatic aneurysms. Aneurysm rupture occurs when wall tension exceeds the strength limit of the wall tissue. At present, aneurysmal wall mechanics are poorly understood and thus, risk assessment involving mechanic...
Cell transplantation strategies are gaining increasing interest for spinal cord injury (SCI) with the objective of promoting spinal cord repair. To avoid allogenic graft rejection, an adequate immune suppression is required, and one of the most potent and commonly used immunosuppressives is cyclosporin A (CsA). In SCI, permanent sensory motor loss...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a widely spread pathology with currently no effective treatment for any symptom. Regenerative medicine through cell transplantation is a very attractive strategy and may be used in different non-exclusive ways to promote functional recovery. We investigated functional and structural outcomes after grafting human embryoni...
