Nicolas GuilpartAgroParisTech · SIAFEE - UMR Agronomie
Nicolas Guilpart
PhD
About
30
Publications
14,420
Reads
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1,405
Citations
Citations since 2017
Introduction
I'm a cropping systems agronomist working from local to global scales. I currently work on the effect of climate change on agriculture, as well as climate change adaptation and mitigation in agriculture. My work on these subjects has a specific interest in legume crops and their role in the agroecological transition of agricultural and food systems. Crop physiology, cropping systems agronomy, food security, and environmental impacts are my main disciplines.
Additional affiliations
April 2016 - present
July 2014 - present
February 2011 - February 2014
Position
- PhD Student
Description
- Relationships between ecosystem services provided by an agroecosystem with a perennial crop : trade-off between grapevine yield and powdery mildew regulation
Publications
Publications (30)
Rice yields in Uruguay have increased rapidly (159 kg⁻¹ ha⁻¹ y⁻¹) between 1990 and 2013. There is evidence, however, of an incipient yield plateau in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine if the recent slowdown in yield gains is because average yield (Ya) has approached the yield potential (Yp) ceiling, which makes it increasingly di...
Crop diversification is considered as an important linchpin of the agroecological transition, whereas current dominant cropping systems are known to rely only on a few crops species – like cereals in the European Union (EU). To assess the benefits of crop diversification at large scale, an accurate description of current crop sequences is required...
In 2019, aiming at reducing resident's exposure to pesticides, the French government announced mandatory pesticide-free buffer zones of 3–20 meters around inhabited areas. As pesticide reduction is often associated with lower productivity, this raised questions about the amount of agricultural area located around residential buildings, which has no...
In the present study, we analysed the environmental component of grapevine yield-gaps linked to climate and soil resources in the Languedoc Roussillon. We used SAFRAN data and IGP Pays d’Oc wine yields from 2010 to 2018. We selected climate and soil indicators proving to have a significant effect on average wine yield-gaps at the municipality scale...
Agriculture’s primary function is the production of food, feed, fibre and fuel for the fast-growing world population. However, it also affects human health and ecosystem integrity. Policymakers make policies in order to avoid harmful impacts. How to assess such policies is a challenge. In this paper, we propose a conceptual framework to help evalua...
The rapid expansion of soybean-growing areas across Europe raises questions about the suitability of agroclimatic conditions for soybean production. Here, using data-driven relationships between climate and soybean yield derived from machine-learning, we made yield projections under current and future climate with moderate (Representative Concentra...
Currently, demand for soybean in Europe is mostly fulfilled by imports. However, soybean-growing areas across Europe have been rapidly increasing in response to a rising demand for locally-produced, non-GM soybean in recent years. This raises questions about the suitability of European agro-climatic conditions for soybean production. We used data-d...
Water productivity (WP) is a robust benchmark for crop production in relation to available water supply across spatial scales. Quantifying water-limited potential (WPw) and actual on-farm (WPa) WP to estimate WP gaps is an essential first step to identify the most sensitive factors influencing production capacity with limited water supply. This stu...
In rainfed crop production, root zone plant-available water holding capacity (RZ-PAWHC) of the soil has a large influence on crop growth and the yield response to management inputs such as improved seeds and fertilisers. However, data are lacking for this parameter in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study produced the first spatially explicit, coher...
There is a persistent narrative about the potential of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to be a 'grain breadbasket' because of large gaps between current low yields and yield potential with good management, and vast land resources with adequate rainfall. However, rigorous evaluation of the extent to which soils can support high, stable yields has been limi...
Yield gap analyses of individual crops have been used to estimate opportunities for increasing crop production at local to global scales, thus providing information crucial to food security. However, increases in crop production can also be achieved by improving cropping system yield through modification of spatial and temporal arrangement of indiv...
Reducing plant growth to limit their susceptibility to diseases has been proposed as a way to reduce pesticide use, but reducing crop growth may have detrimental effect on yield. In this paper, we test the hypothesis of a trade-off between maintaining grape yield and reducing grapevine susceptibility to powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and grey mo...
The Global Yield Gap Atlas project (GYGA - http://yieldgap.org) has undertaken a yield gap assessment following the protocol recommended by van Ittersum et al. (2013). One part of the activities consists of collecting and processing weather data as an input for crop simulation models in sub-Saharan African countries including Kenya. This publicatio...
The Global Yield Gap Atlas project (GYGA - http://yieldgap.org) has undertaken a yield gap assessment following the protocol recommended by van Ittersum et al. (2013). One part of the activities consists of collecting and processing weather data as an input for crop simulation models in sub-Saharan African countries including Kenya. This publicatio...
By the year 2050, the world’s population will need 60% more food than it did in 2005. In sub-Saharan Africa (we’ll call it SSA) (Fig. 1) this problem will be even greater, with the demand for cereals increasing by more than three times as the population rises.
We collected and calculated farming data for 10 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. This mad...
Bangladesh faces huge challenges in achieving food security due to its high population, diet changes, and limited room for expanding cropland and cropping intensity. The objective of this study is to assess the degree to which Bangladesh can be self-sufficient in terms of domestic maize, rice and wheat production by the years 2030 and 2050 by closi...
Many assessments of crop yield gaps based on comparisons to actual yields suggest grain yields in highly intensified agricultural systems are at or near the maximum yield attainable. However, these estimates can be biased in situations where yields are below full yield potential. Rice yields in the US continue to increase annually, suggesting that...
Accurate estimation of a crop’s yield potential (Yp) is critical to addressing long-term food security via identification of the exploitable yield gap. Due to lack of field data, efforts to quantify crop yield potential typically rely on crop models. Using the ORYZA rice crop model, we sought to estimate Yp of irrigated rice for two widely used ric...
Comment concilier productivité et réduction de l'usage des pesticides ? Le développement de l'oïdium, maladie majeure en viticulture, peut être limité (service de régulation de l'oïdium) par un faible niveau de développement végétatif de la vigne associé à une forte porosité du couvert. Or, de telles caractéristiques limitent également la quantité...
Maintaining grapevine productivity with limited inputs is crucial in Mediterranean areas. Apart from water, nitrogen (N) is also an important limiting factor in grape growing. The effects of N deficiency on grapevine growth were investigated in this study. Two-year-old Vitis vinifera L.cv. Shiraz plants grafted on 110Rwere grown in pots placed outs...
In perennial crops such as grapevine, there is a considerable risk of soil degradation caused by mechanization. Organic farming may increase traffic and result in more intensive soil structure degradation, especially on wet soil. Soil structure was observed in 69 soil profiles from 12 vineyards (Languedoc-Roussillon, Bordeaux, Provence, Burgundy, R...
The objective of this work is to provide data about quantitative reduction of vegetative growth due to nitrogen stress.
Observing spatial and temporal variations of marine biodiversity from non-destructive techniques is central for understanding ecosystem resilience, and for monitoring and assessing conservation strategies, e.g. Marine Protected Areas. Observations are generally obtained through Underwater Visual Censuses (UVC) conducted by divers. The problems inhe...
5. Journée scientifique de l’IHEV, 5 avril 2012, Montpellier (France)
Projects
Project (1)
GYGA is an international project initiated by researchers from University of Nebraska-Lincoln (USA) and Wageningen University (The Netherlands) in 2011. The Atlas has been developed for ca. 65 countries across five continents, and includes all major food crops. A standard protocol for assessing yield potential (Yp), water-limited yield potential (Yw), yield gaps (Yg) and water productivity (WP) is applied for all crops and countries based on best available data, robust crop simulation models, and a bottom-up approach to upscale results from location to region and country. Underpinning weather, soil and agronomic data, the database is a unique starting point for all sorts of scientific, strategic and applied questions.
