Nicolas Espagnolle

Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) · research

Bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are abnormal in multiple myeloma (MM) and play a critical role by promoting growth, survival and drug resistance of MM cells. We observed higher Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene expression in MM MSCs than in MSCs from healthy donors. At the clinical level, we highlighted that TLR4 expression in MM MSCs e...

Bone is the most frequent metastasis site for breast cancer. As well as dramatically increasing disease burden, bone metastases are also an indicator of poor prognosis. One of the main challenges in investigating bone metastasis in breast cancer is engineering in vitro models that replicate the features of in vivo bone environments. Such in vitro m...

Autophagy has been associated with oncogenesis with one of its emerging key functions being its contribution to the metabolism of tumors. Therefore, deciphering the mechanisms of how autophagy supports tumor cell metabolism is essential. Here, we demonstrate that the inhibition of autophagy induces an accumulation of lipid droplets (LD) due to a de...

Background & Aim Early steps of bone formation rely on the condensation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) towards osteogenesis associating with angiogenesis self-organization. However, the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Methods, Results & Conclusion For the first time, we developed a human 3D spheroid model from...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable B cell neoplasia characterized by the accumulation of tumor plasma cells within the bone marrow (BM). As a consequence, bone osteolytic lesions develop in 80% of patients and remain even after complete disease remission. We and others had demonstrated that BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are abnorma...

Clinical‐grade mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be expanded from bone marrow and adipose tissue to treat inflammatory diseases and degenerative disorders. However, the influence of their tissue of origin on their functional properties, including their immunosuppressive activity, remains unsolved. In this study, we produced paired bone marrow‐de...

Des recherches récentes montrent que les cellules souches sont capables de générer in vitro des petites unités fonctionnelles de tissus en 3D dont elles sont issues. Ces organoïdes permettent d’étudier in vitro la formation et le fonctionnement des tissus et leurs pathologies associées. Au laboratoire, nous avons décrit une nouvelle population de c...

Movie S2. In Contact with M1 Macrophages—Adherent Rounded Cells—MSC Increase Calcium Mobilization and Exhibit a Yellow Color Intermittently from a Pseudocolor Scale

Movie S3. In Contact with M2 Macrophages—Adherent Rounded Cells—MSC Do Not Increase Calcium Mobilization and Keep a Blue Color from a Pseudocolor Scale

Movie S4. In Presence of T Cells—Small Migrating Cells—MSC Do Not Increase Calcium Mobilization and Keep a Stable Blue-Green Color from a Pseudocolor Scale

Movie S1. MSC Alone—Big Adherent Cells—Do Not Exhibit Calcium Mobilization and Keep a Stable Blue Color in a Pseudocolor Scale

Movie S5. In Contact with M1 Macrophages, Anti-CD54-Pretreated MSC, in Center and Right of Movie, Do Not Increase Calcium Mobilization and Exhibit a Stable Blue Color from a Pseudocolor Scale

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) sense and modulate inflammation and represent potential clinical treatment for immune disorders. However, many details of the bidirectional interaction of MSCs and the innate immune compartment are still unsolved. Here we describe an unconventional but functional interaction between pro-inflammatory classically acti...

Adipose derived stromal cells (ASC) are adult multipotent cells increasingly used for cell therapy due to their differentiation potential, their paracrine effect and their convenience. ASC are currently selected from stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue and expanded in 2D flasks following Good Manufacturing Practices. This process is l...

Significance: Most studies of mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) focus on their anti-inflammatory, trophic and differentiation abilities, but their ability to prevent regulated cell death (RCD) remains undefined. However, this last function could explain both the regenerative and anti-inflammatory therapeutic effect of MSCs observed in precli...

Background: Adipose tissue has long been used for plastic and reconstructive surgery. The use of adipose-tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) in tissue regeneration is now being increasingly investigated and studies have demonstrated that ASCs present differentiation and immunomodulatory capacitie...

Adipose tissue is widely used in plastic surgery. The main obstacle is that it can be used only immediately after liposuction, while reconstruction often requires several procedures to achieve optimal results. This study aimed to develop a cryopreservation protocol directly applicable to clinical situations, allowing repetitive procedures without m...

Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent prominent components in cancer progression. We previously showed that inhibition of the VEGFR-3 pathway by SAR131675 leads to reduction of TAM infiltration and tumor growth. Here, we found that treatment with SAR131675 prevents the accumulation of immunosuppr...

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are plastic adherent cells that can differentiate into various tissue lineages, including osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes. However, this progenitor property is not shared by all cells within the MSC population. In addition, MSCs vary in their proliferation capacity and expression of markers. Becaus...

3993 Introduction One of the main feature of MM is bone disease resulting from an increased osteoclastic activity and inhibition of osteoblast function; this imbalance also promotes MM growth leading to a vicious circle. Interestingly mature osteoblasts reduce osteoclastogenesis via high levels of OPG and reduced levels of RANKL and have anti-MM e...

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pericyte progenitors (PPs) are both perivascular cells with similar multipotential properties regardless of tissue of origin. We compared the phenotype and function of the 2 cell types derived from the same bone-marrow samples but expanded in their respective media - pericyte conditions (endothelial cell growth med...

Immunosuppression potential assay of PPs and MSCs. For in vitro immunosuppression assay 50×103 cells cultured in EGM-2 or MSM were co-cultured with 100×103 CD3+ T cells isolated from PBMCs by use of a T-cell purification kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergish Gladbach, Germany). We used 3 donors for MSCs or PPs and 3 donors for PBMCs. Before the co-cultures...

Neuron differentiation potential of cells cultured in endothelial growth medium 2 (EGM-2) and mesenchymal stem cell medium (MSM). (A) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of mRNA level of neuronal markers MAP2, β3Tubulin or β3T, MEST, GRIA3 and (B) in situ immunofluorescence (Table) of SLUG, NeuN, MAP2, and SOX10 levels. Differentiation potentials are at t...

Overexpression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells occurs widely in patients with multiple myeloma, but the pathophysiologic effects of GDF15 in this setting remain undefined. GDF15 has been described in numerous solid tumors but never in hematologic malignancies. In this study, we report that GDF15 sig...

2979 Introduction Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell neoplasia characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) patients causing severe bone disease (with osteolytic lesions, pain, pathological fractures) and cytopenias. These lesions are irreversible, even for patients in complete response to treatment. We have p...

614 We previously reported that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) from newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients were abnormal. In particular, we showed that Growth Differentiation 15 (GDF15) expression was higher in MM BMMSCs than in normal BMMSCs. GDF15 is a divergent member of the human TGFβ superfamily. GDF15 overexpression has b...

T-cell activation results from productive T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement by a cognate peptide-MHC (pMHC) complex on the antigen presenting cell (APC) surface, a process leading to the polarization of the T-cell secretory machinery toward the APC interface. We have previously shown that the half-life of the TCR/pMHC interaction and the density of...

It has been suggested that mast cells might serve, under certain circumstances, as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for T cells. However, whether cognate interactions between mast cells and class II-restricted CD4(+) T cells actually occur is still an open question. We addressed this question by using peritoneal cell-derived mast cells (PCMCs) and f...

The immunological synapse is a specialized signalling domain formed at the contact site between cells of the immune system characterized by large-scale clustering and segregation of surface molecules and intracellular signalling components. The molecular dynamics taking place at the immunological synapse is the manifestation of a sustained and elab...

L'interaction entre la cellule T et la cellule présentatrice d'antigène (CPA) est l'événement central de la réponse immunitaire adaptative. Cette rencontre entraîne la réorganisation de plusieurs molécules de surface et de composants de la signalisation intracellulaire au niveau de l'aire de contact cellule-cellule. Cette réorganisation moléculaire...