Néstor Vicente-Salar

Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche | UMH · Department of Applied Biology

Background: Hypoxia is an environmental condition that occurs in sports performed at high altitude. Adaptation to hypoxia is accompanied by changes in body composition and cardiac function that could impair sport performance in altitude. These changes concern mainly to a reduction in muscle mass and an increased heart rate. In this context, a resi...

Background: Individual differences in personality and resilience are related to a variety of social behaviors. The current study sought to answer the question of whether BMW drivers exhibit different personality profiles and resilience levels compared with drivers of other car brands. Participants and procedure: An international study was carrie...

Oxidative stress is associated with playing soccer. The objective of the present report was to study the influence of different polyphenolic antioxidant-rich beverages in five-a-side/futsal players. The study was performed with a no supplemented control group (CG) and two supplemented groups with an almond-based beverage (AB) and the same beverage...

In sports, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affected variables such as training, recovery or athletes’ sleep quality, uncertainty about the future generating distress and anxiety in athletes. There are two cognitive purpose of the current study: knowledge about the subjectively experienced stress in martial arts athletes from selected Europe Uni...

The objective of this research was to investigate whether heart rate variability (HRV)-guided training improves mortality predictors to a greater extent than predefined training in coronary artery disease patients. Twenty-one patients were randomly allocated to the HRV-guided training group (HRV-G) or the predefined training group (PRED-G). They me...

Nutritional ergogenic aids (NEAs) are substances included within the group of sports supplements. Although they are widely consumed by athletes, evidence-based analysis is required to support training outcomes or competitive performance in specific disciplines. Combat sports have a predominant use of anaerobic metabolism as a source of energy, reac...

Soccer is the most practiced team sport in the world. Due to the importance of nutrition in soccer performance, controlling the body composition and dietary guidelines of players takes place starting from lower categories. The objective of this study was to evaluate body composition and adherence to the Mediterranean diet of U12 players from a prof...

Arabic (Makarowski) ةضاير يف ةيناودع نايبتسا (رارصإ ,ءاطخأ ,ةسكاشم)

Background and objective: The use of suboptimal weight loss strategies in order to reach specific weight ranges as observed in combat sport disciplines can give rise to severe health problems. However, particular aspects regarding management of weight category comparing three sport disciplines remain to be investigated. Therefore, the aim of the pr...

Aside from its role in bone metabolism, vitamin D is a key immunomodulatory micronutrient. The active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)D) seems to modulate the innate immune system through different mechanisms. The vitamin is involved in the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages, increasing the phagocytic and chemotactic functions of these cells....

Objetivo: El estudio trata de analizar y comparar la composición corporal y su relación con patrones dietéticos de los jugadores de hockey hierba masculinos de diferentes selecciones nacionales. Método: Se contó con cincuenta y un jugadores adultos de hockey hierba de España (n = 18), Holanda (n = 15) y Alemania (n = 18) con el fin de comprobar dif...

Background and Study Aim: Studying aggression and aggressiveness among martial arts athletes allows for identifying aspects of the training process, important for the professional and personal development. Makarowski's Aggression Questionnaire has only been published in English in 2013. The aim of the current study is recommendation to researchers,...

Background anBackground and Study Aim: The competition is an unique event which supposes pressure, social and financial stake, in these conditions increasing the athletes’ probability of getting injured. And this probability is higher in the case of new and inexperienced athletes, in which case (mainly), the win-at-all-costs philosophy may lead to...

The appendix includes Arabic, Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Hungarian, Indian (Marathi and Hindi), Indonesian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Moldavian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak and Spanish versions of the Stimulating and Instrumental Risk Questionnaire for martial arts athletes, together with the...

Cerebral palsy (CP) football is a team para-sport practiced by para-athletes with eligible impairments of hypertonia, athetosis, and ataxia. This study aimed: (1) to describe the anthropometrical and body composition profiles of international CP para-footballers with different CP profiles (i.e., spastic diplegia, athetosis/ataxia, spastic hemiplegi...

A nutritional ergogenic aid (NEA) can help athletes optimize performance, but an evidence-based analysis is required in order to support training outcomes or competition performance in specific events. Racquet sports players are regularly exposed to a high-intensity workload throughout the tournament season. The activity during a match is character...

Background and Study Aims: Success in sports among athletes on a similar level of skill can depend on individual differences in experienced stress and coping strategies. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many areas of life, including sports. The aim of the current study was to measure the differences in experienced stress and the effectiveness of...

Human adipose stem cells can differentiate into various mesodermic lineages, including adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic and endothelial pathways. In addition, these cells types possess immunomodulatory properties, potentially useful for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. However, single-cell expanded clones have shown that the...

Weight control in contact sports implies an additional stress to competitors, mostly when strategies to reduce it are inadequate. The present work analyzes if a correct diet planning could decrease anxiety in competitors. The validated CSAI-2 questionnaire was used before and after the weight control with judo, karate and taekwondo competitors from...

Oxidative stress-related inflammation is known to play a vital role in obesity-associated cardiovascular disease, contributing to the early stages of the pathology as well as during its development. Therefore, it is of great interest to understand how obesity-induced stress modulates antioxidant enzyme activity during puberty. To this end, 27 sever...

Background & Study Aim: Judo and karate are combat sports disciplines in which individuals compete in weight categories. Usually, the athletes are at the maximum weight permitted in their category. This is ideally reached by increasing muscle mass. The objective of this work is recommendation how to reach the adequate weight in the corresponding ca...

Introduction: in the majority of sports the athlete is required to achieve optimal conditions both at a muscular and metabolic level as well as in body composition, increasing the lean body mass and maintaining a low body fat mass. In this context, different training protocols have been proposed in order to reduce body fat content, by maximizing f...

Supplements, such as Lippia citriodora extracts, can improve recovery after intense aerobic exercise training by minimizing oxidative stress and inflammation associated to exercise, as well as by reducing the levels of muscle circulating markers. In addition, there are psychological aspects that have not been reported. Therefore, the purpose of thi...

Introduction: there is a growing concern in the appearance of eating disorders in athletes, especially those that practice sports grouped into weight categories. This affects the way athletes eat, using frequently unhealthy strategies to control weight, especially during the pre-competition period. Aim: this study analyses the prevalence of cont...

Introduction: Racket sports require athletes to constantly improve and progress in their physical qualities in order to maintain competitive standards. This includes achieving and maintaining an optimal body composition. However, few studies have been published addressing this topic. Objective: This study tries to provide a complete anthropometric...

Context and objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the macro- and microcirculation of severely obese adolescents (SOA) and normal-weight counterparts and to determine the longitudinal effects of weight loss on vascular function in SOA. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND OUTCOME MEASURES: Seventeen SOA (body mass index z-score = 4.22...

Purpose: The effect of endogenous antioxidants can be either an immediate response (relying on enzymatic activities) or a long-term adaptation (relying on gene modulation events), both susceptible to be modified by antioxidants from diet and supplementation. The aim of this work was to delve in these aspects in circulating white blood cells in a g...

One of the most important effects of strength training is muscular hypertrophy. Athletes should optimize their nutritional management in order to compensate their own genetic limitations. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence concerning protein intake as a tool to achieve muscle hypertrophy. Depending on the expenditure and e...

RESUMEN Con frecuencia las lesiones relacionadas con el deporte requieren una aproximación multidisciplinar. En el caso de las tendinopatías, el proceso de recuperación es complejo y prolongado ya que el tendon es un tejido pobremente vascularizado y presenta un difícil tratamiento con las estrategias terapeuticas actuales. En este contexto, el fis...

The influence of phosphorus doping on the properties of [Formula: see text]-dicalcium silicate (C2S) bone cement was analyzed, in addition to bioactivity and biocompatibility. All the cements were composed of a solid solution of TCP in C2S ([Formula: see text]-C2Sss) as the only phase present. The compressive strength ranged from 3.8-16.3 MPa. Fina...

Stem cells, derived from either embryonic or adult tissues, are considered to be potential sources of insulin-secreting cells to be transplanted into type 1 and advanced stages of type 2 diabetic patients. Many laboratories have considered this possibility, resulting in a large amount of published protocols, with a wide degree of complexity among t...

Recent works have proposed the use of proteins instead of DNA/RNA as molecular tools for the modulation of gene expression patterns in stem cells. To obtain insulin-producing cells, certain proteins including Pdx-1, Isl-1, Pax-6, and Neuro-D, can be expressed or modified with transduction domains in order to penetrate and reprogram target cells. Ho...

In type 2 diabetes, in contrast to the well-documented endothelial dysfunction, studies assessing vascular smooth muscle (VSM) function have yielded discrepant results over the last two decades. We therefore sought to determine whether or not VSM function is impaired in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE,...

We have isolated from teratomas a residual cell population reluctant to differentiate in the tumor to ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. The main characteristics of this population, compared with undifferentiated R1-cells were: persistent expression of Oct4 gene, modest expression of primordial germ cell markers, karyotype alterations and the capabil...

The goal of coaxial methods is to direct pluripotent stem cells toward specific phenotypes, limiting the appearance of tumorigenic or apoptotic cells. Beside culture medium components, other parameters, such as incubator atmosphere composition, temperature or pH of the culture medium, may have an influence on culture progression. In this study, the...

Glucagon expression is being considered as a definitive endoderm marker in protocols aiming to obtain insulin-secreting cells from embryonic stem cells. However, it should be considered that in vivo glucagon is expressed both in definitive endoderm- and neuroectoderm-derived cells. Therefore, the true nature and function of in vitro spontaneously d...

One of the most important effects of strength training is muscular hypertrophy. Athletes should optimize their nutritional management in order to compensate their own genetic limitations. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific evidence concerning protein intake as a tool to achieve muscle hypertrophy. Depending on the expenditure and e...

Uno de los efectos más importantes del entrenamiento de la fuerza es el aumento de la hipertrofi a muscular. Para compensar sus limitaciones genéticas, los deportistas deben tratar de optimizar los recursos dietético-nutricionales. El objetivo de la presente revisión es analizar la evidencia científi ca del aporte proteico del deportista según las...

Osteogenic precursors can be obtained from mesenchymal stem cells, which can be isolated from different sources, including adipose tissue. Optimal osteogenic differentiation in in vitro conditions and the selection of the potential precursors that could be further used in bone regeneration still have two main questions left to solve, viz. the heter...

Human embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into insulin-secreting cells by emulating in vitro the key processes that occur during embryonic development. However, the resulting cells are generally immature; thus, further research must be performed to identify the necessary factors to complete the differentiation. To this end, we cultured mouse...

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are considered an important alternative to develop in vitro screening methods for embryotoxicity. Mouse ES cells can be cultured as cell suspension aggregates termed "embryoid bodies" (EBs) in which cells start to differentiate. We have studied the expression of several genes in the presence of a wide range of concentratio...

The main objective of cell bioengineering is to generate customized tissues that allow recovering the lost functions in the organism in the absence of immune rejection. Although the possibility of in vitro generation of entire organs is technically very complex, obtaining specific cell types for replacement therapies seems to be a more realistic go...

The differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells can be induced in vitro after leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) withdrawal and further enhanced by the formation of "embryoid body" (EB) aggregates. This strategy is being used in order to optimize differentiation protocols that would result in functional cells for experimental cell replacement...

The total absence or low production of insulin by beta-cells avoids a proper control of glycemia forcing diabetic people to daily insulin injection for survival. Islet transplantation represents a hallmark in the cure of diabetes and has been successfully applied to more than 400 patients, resulting in insulin independency for periods longer than 4...

Embryonic and adult stem cells are considered to be potential sources of insulin-secreting cells to be transplanted into type 1 and advanced stages of type 2 diabetic patients. After years of study, the key determinants necessary for the differentiation process are beginning to be fully characterised, and several protocols have been published. Howe...

Embryonic stem cells are considered to have a potential use in Re- generative Medicine due to three key properties: a) pluripotency, that is, the plasticity to differentiate into any cell type through asymmetric divisions, b) high proliferation rate and clonal regeneration through symmetric divisions, and c) the ability, although limited, to mainta...