Nenad Filipovic

• PhD
• Rector at University of Kragujevac

This study demonstrates the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using traditional tea Borovnica (Vaccinium myrtillus) extract in a single-step process without the need for toxic chemicals. The method is characterized as environmentally friendly, simple, and cost-effective, relying on an aqueous plant extract that serves dual roles as a reduc...

Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world. It is manifests as clouding of the crystalline lens, which occurs as a result of the disruption of biochemical processes during aging. The only effective treatment for cataracts is surgical intervention. Although it is a routine operation, complications are possible. During surgery, the c...

Aim We sought the cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameter that is the most reflective of right ventricular (RV) load and its coupling with pulmonary artery (PA) in patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) undergoing medical therapy. Methods CPET on recumbent bike was performed in adult patients with symptomatic non-obstr...

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a prevalent and complex medical condition affecting the vascular system, most notably the lower extremities, including the iliac, femoral, and femoropopliteal arteries [1]. Advancements in imaging technology have positioned computer-tomography angiography (CTA) as a highly reliable alternative for digital subtract...

(1) Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells in a tumor that can self-regenerate and produce different types of cells with the ability to initiate tumor growth and dissemination. Chemotherapy resistance, caused by numerous mechanisms by which tumor tissue manages to overcome the effects of drugs, remains the main problem in...

In this study we have produced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Serbian traditional tea Bosiljak (Ocimum basilicum L.) extract in a single step without the involvement of toxic chemicals. The method employed is environmentally friendly, simple, and cost-effective, involving the use of an aqueous plant extract that serves as both a reducing and st...

Aim: Despite some successful examples of therapeutic nanoparticles reaching clinical stages, there is still a significant need for novel formulations in order to improve the selectivity and efficacy of cancer treatment. Methods: The authors developed two novel dendrimer–gold (Au) complex-based nanoparticles using two different synthesis routes: com...

Introduction/Objective. The main aim of this study was to assess COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness (VE) of BBIBP-CorV, Gam-COVID-Vac, BNT162b2, and ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 in Serbia during the first three months of rollout. Methods. The data from the Serbian National Immunization Registry, the Primary Health Centre Report and the University Clinical Centr...

The evolution of information and communication technologies has affected all fields of science, including health sciences. However, the rate of technological innovation adoption by the healthcare sector has been historically slow, compared to other industrial sectors. Innovation in computer modeling and simulation approaches has changed the landsca...

In this study, green synthesis of two derivatives of coumarin–hydroxybenzohydrazide, (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)-chroman-7-yl acetate (C–HB1), and (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)chroman-7-yl acetate (C–HB2) is reported. Using vinegar and ethanol as a catalyst and solvent, t...

Aim To evaluate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on exercise capacity, cardiac structure, and function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods Phase II, randomised, open-label multicentre study enrolled adult patients with symptomatic non-obstructive HCM (NYHA class I–III) who were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive sacubitri...

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In this paper, we present the abilities of an in silico platform used to simulate the effects of different drugs on heartbeat cycle performance. The platform is based on a finite element modelling approach with the fluid–solid interaction implemented using a loose coupling procedure. Active mechanical stresses are calculated using the Hunter excita...

Despite the pivotal role of IFN‐λs in the innate immune response, the data on its genetic polymorphism in relation to COVID‐19 severity are scarce and contradictory. In the present study, we aimed to determine if the presence of the most frequent functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the two most important IFN‐λs coding genes, namely...

Background: In order to ensure the proper function of the cementless hip implant, the connection between the femoral bone and the implant has to be as strong as possible. According to experimental studies, implants with a rough surface reduce micro-movements between femoral bone and implant, which helps form a stronger connection between them. Ob...

3D bioprinting is the hi-tech approach in tissue engineering science. Applying of modern 3D bioprinting systems allows production of tissue-like structures that could be used in regenerative medicine. Such tissues or primitive organ constructs could be used for substituting the parts of damaged organs, or for changing of organs in whole. Biomateria...

Biophysical muscle models, also known as Huxley-type models, are appropriate for simulating non-uniform and unsteady contractions. Large-scale simulations can be more challenging to use because this type of model can be computationally intensive. The method of characteristics is typically used to solve Huxley’s muscle equation, which describes the...

The possibility of injectable biomaterials being used in the therapy of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is investigated in this article. We conducted a thorough review of the literature on the use and efficacy of biomaterials (BMs) and drug-coated balloons (DCBs). These BMs included hydrogels, collagen scaffolds, and nanoparticles. These BMs could...

This article describes a teaching strategy that synergizes computing and management, aimed at the running of complex projects in industry and academia, in the areas of civil engineering, physics, geosciences, and a number of other related fields. The course derived from this strategy includes four parts: (a) Computing with a selected set of modern...

Nowadays, biomedicine is a multidisciplinary science that requires a very broad approach to the study and analysis of various phenomena essential for a better understanding of human health. This study deals with the use of numerical simulations to better understand the processes of cancer viability and apoptosis in treatment with commercial chemoth...

The healthcare industry is different from other industries–patient data are sensitive, their storage needs to be handled with care and in compliance with regulative, while prediction accuracy needs to be high. This fast expansion in medical image modalities and data collection leads to generation of so called “Big Data” which is time-consuming to b...

This article presents a taxonomy and represents a repository of open problems in computing for numerically and logically intensive problems in a number of disciplines that have to synergize for the best performance of simulation-based feasibility studies on nature-oriented engineering in general and civil engineering in particular. Topics include b...

Objectives The study aimed to identify differences and compare anatomical and biomechanical features between elective and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Methods Data (clinical, anatomical, and biomechanical) of 98 patients with AAA, 75 (76.53%) asymptomatic (Group aAAA) and 23 (23.46%) ruptured AAA (Group rAAA), were prospectively col...

Background and objective: Predicting the long-term expansion and remodeling of the left ventricle in patients is challenging task but it has the potential to be clinically very useful. Methods: In our study, we present machine learning models based on random forests, gradient boosting, and neural networks, used to track cardiac hypertrophy. We c...

This paper analyses the possibilities of using Machine learning to develop a forecasting model for COVID-19 with a publicly available dataset from the Johns Hopkins University COVID-19 Data Repository and with the addition of a percentage of each variant from the GISAID Variant database. Genetic programming (GP), a symbolic regressor algorithm, is...

This study evaluated the effect of sacubtril/valsartan on cardiac remodeling, molecular and cellular adaptations in experimental (rat) model of hypertension-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Thirty Wistar Kyoto rats, 10 healthy (control) and 20 rats with confirmed hypertension-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HpCM), were used for this study....

In our paper, we simulated cardiac hypertrophy with the use of shell elements in parametric and echocardiography-based left ventricle (LV) models. The hypertrophy has an impact on the change in the wall thickness, displacement field and the overall functioning of the heart. We computed both eccentric and concentric hypertrophy effects and tracked c...

Cardiomyopathy is associated with structural and functional abnormalities of the ventricular myocardium and can be classified in two major groups: hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy. Computational modeling and drug design approaches can speed up the drug discovery and significantly reduce expenses aiming to improve the treatment of...

Layer-by-layer film (LbL) coatings made of polyelectrolytes are a powerful tool for surface modification, including the applications in the biomedical field, for food packaging, and in many electrochemical systems. However, despite the number of publications related to LbL assembly, predicting LbL coating properties represents quite a challenge, ca...

Background: COVID-19 has been ranked among the most fatal infectious diseases worldwide, with host's immune response significantly affecting the prognosis. Aim of the study: With an aim to timely predict the most likely outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we investigated the association of IFNL3 and IFNL4 polymorphisms, as well as other potentially...

AtherosclerosisDiseasesAtherosclerosis is a progressive diseaseDiseases characterized by the accumulation of lipidBiomoleculeslipids and fibrous elements in the arterial wall. This accumulation produces plaqueDiseasesplaque in the arteriesBodyarteries. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplastyMethodpercutaneous transluminal coronary angioplast...

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. It is the most common malignancy and there is a need for new approaches in therapies. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the key components of colon cancer treatment. Besides common chemotherapy, alternative therapies are being studied to increase treatment effectiveness an...

Introduction/Objective. The duration of vaccine-induced protection against SARS-CoV-2 is shown to be limited. The aim of this study was to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) of a third dose of four different COVID-19 vaccines during Delta variant predominance in Serbia. Methods. The data for the period from Aug 18th to Oct 1st 2021, were used to est...

Cardiomyopathy or structural and functional abnormalities of the ventricular myocardium is a common cardiac disease. It can be commonly classified as hypertrophic (HCM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy. A computational model was developed to simulate drug effects on heart behavior during the heartbeat cycle. The model includes parametric left ventr...

Due to its great temporal resolution and quick acquisition periods, two-dimensional echocardiography, or shorter 2D echo, is the most used non-invasive approach for assessing heart disease. It offers a grayscale image that anatomical details can be extracted from to evaluate heart functioning. The initial stage in quantifying cardiac function in 2D...

Machine learning (ML) leverages sophisticated computation and inference to generate insights, enables the system to reason and learn, and empowers clinician decision making. Starting from data (medical images, biomarkers, patients’ data) and using powerful tools such as convolutional neural networks, classification and regression models, etc., it a...

It is important to analyze a variety of treatments for colorectal cancer and the effects of possible co-treatments, in order to find the most efficient ones. Experimental results using cancer cell lines provide valuable information, but in combination with numerical simulations, additional quantitative information can be obtained. In this study, th...

Invasively determined Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) has been recognized as a reliable tool for assessing coronary artery stenosis severity. Since the invasive method is associated with a risk of vessel injury due to pressure wire manipulation several non-invasive techniques have been developed. The objective of this paper is to propose an alternati...

The aim of this research was the detection of bioelectric potential i, generated in the muscle cells of volleyball players and muscle stimulation, using the electromyography method, during different training stimuli. A set of variables was applied for EMG measurement: measuring bioelectrical activity prior to any training stimulus, measuring after...

Background To assess the effectiveness of inhalation therapy, it is important to evaluate the lungs' structure; thus, visualization of the entire lungs at the level of the alveoli is necessary. To achieve this goal, the applied visualization technique must satisfy the following two conditions simultaneously: (1) it has to obtain images of the entir...

Localization of lumbar discs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a challenging task, due to a vast range of shape, size, number, and appearance of discs and vertebrae. Based on a review of the cutting-edge methods, the majority of applied techniques are either semi-automatic, extremely sensitive to change in parameters, or involve further modifi...

The development of novel dry powders for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) requires the in vitro assessment of DPI aerodynamic performance. As a potential complementary method, in silico numerical simulations can provide additional information about the mechanisms that guide the particles and their behavior inside DPIs. The aim of this study was to apply...

Background: The fractional flow reserve (FFR) index has been widely accepted as a standard diagnostic method for identifying functional relevance of coronary stenosis. Since the invasive techniques used for its determination are associated with a certain risk of vascular injury, as well as with an increased cost, several non-invasive procedures ha...

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease that is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and formation of plaque within the arterial wall. It would be clinically useful to analyze this inflammation process and its progress in more detail for each particular patient. In this study, fully coupled biomechanics software for plaque progression was...

Heart failure (HF) is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to meet the body's needs. It affects mostly the elderly, commonly from the male population, especially those with obesity, diabetes, or some other chronic condition. It can be treated with different medications, and promising results we...

Background: Mechanical forces at the micro-scale level have been recognized as an important factor determining various biological functions. The study of cell or tissue mechanics is critical to understand problems in physiology and disease development. Objective: The complexity of computational models and efforts made for their development in th...

The purpose of the SGABU platform is to include various models and datasets in the area of multiscale modelling. The main aspect of SGABU platform are various datasets and multiscale models related to cancer, cardiovascular, bone and tissue disorders. From the point of view of the dataset integration, a task requires implementation of the user inte...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively common inherited cardiac disease that results in left ventricular hypertrophy. Machine learning uses algorithms to study patterns in data and develop models able to make predictions. The aim of this study is to identify HCM subtypes and examine the mechanisms of HCM using machine learning algorithms...

Background and objective : In silico clinical trials are the future of medicine and virtual testing and simulation are the future of medical engineering. The use of a computational platform can reduce costs and time required for developing new models of medical devices and drugs. The computational platform, which is one of the main results of the S...

Stents made by different manufacturers must meet the requirements of standard in vitro mechanical tests performed under different physiological conditions in order to be validated. In addition to in vitro research, there is a need for in silico numerical simulations that can help during the stent prototyping phase. In silico simulations have the ab...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is at the top of the most common cancer types in the world, with significant mortality rates among both men and women. Deregulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cell-cell junctions’ components, acquisition of invasive phenotype, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion are important for d...

This study evaluated the effect of sacubtril/valsartan on cardiac remodeling, molecular and cellular adaptations in experimental (rat) model of hypertension-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Thirty Wistar Kyoto rats; 10 normal (control) and 20 rats with confirmed hypertension-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HpCM) were used for this study. T...

Detailed and accurate evaluation of blood flow through stenotic arteries is important and can provide better clinical care for patients. Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) represents an alternative approach to study blood flow and the main goal of this study is to validate its accuracy against traditional CFD methods. The validation was performed for b...

The computational requirements of the Huxley-type muscle models are substantially higher than those of Hill-type models, making large-scale simulations impractical or even impossible to use. We constructed a data-driven surrogate model that operates similarly to the original Huxley muscle model but consumes less computational time and memory to ena...

Biological materials and systems are hierarchically organized.The main motivation for hierarchical biomechanics is that the wide variability of mechanical properties encountered at the macroscopic scale may be traced back to just a few universal. i.e. tissue-invariant, mechanical properties of elementary components at a sufficiently small scale (su...

Clinicians can use biomechanical simulations of cardiac functioning to evaluate various real and fictional events. Our present understanding of the molecular processes behind muscle contraction has inspired Huxley-like muscle models. Huxley-type muscle models, unlike Hill-type muscle models, are capable of modeling non-uniform and unstable contract...

Purpose The study was undertaken with the aim to determine gender-specific differences in incident hemodialysis (HD) patient and their changes over time. Methods The retrospective longitudinal closed cohort study involved 441 incident patients starting HD in 2014 and followed for 1–59 (median 43, IQR 40) months. Demographic, clinical data, treatme...

The reaction to and the effect severity on the population of COVID-19 varied across different countries. This indicates that there are country-level factors which influenced the severity COVID-19 effect on the populace. The goal of this research is to determine some of these factors using Our World in Data COVID-19 dataset. The performance of the c...

Diagnosing spinal problems is not an easy task. Doctors collect different types of information, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to make a final diagnosis and decision on treatment modality. The localization of lumbar discs on MRI images is a challenging problem due to the wide range of variability in size, shape, number and appearance o...

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), since its appearance, has put a large burden on the global health system which have strived to mitigate the pandemic, but mortality of COVID-19 continues to increase. Many authors have employed machine learning (ML) algorithms in the investigation of COVID-19 in order to identify infected individuals, predict their c...

The use of artificial intelligence, especially machine learning methods in creating models that will be applied in clinical practice has reached its peak with the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the severity of the clinical condition of COVID-19 patients based on blood marker analysis. The study used data from 60 C...

Introduction: In the last couple of decades, we have been working on the development ofadvanced drug delivery systems, which include the use of carriers of medically active substances,which enable precise and efficient therapy followed by reduction of the occurrence of side effects. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate the possibility of contro...

Computational modeling of biological and physical activities has become a popular method of assessing medical devices, offers some insight that can be used to explain present performance, inspire future designs, and even allow for individualized use. However, due to a lack of resources, one must make do with reduced-order computational models and i...

Commercially manufactured or generated through environmental degradation, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) considerably contribute to environmental pollution. There is a knowledge gap in how exposure to MPs/NPs changes cellular function and affects animal and human health. Here, we demonstrate that after oral uptake, fluorescent polystyre...

Certain characteristics make machine learning (ML) a powerful tool for processing large amounts of data, and also particularly unsuitable for explanatory purposes. There are worries that its increasing use in science may sideline the explanatory goals of research. We analyze the key characteristics of ML that might have implications for the future...

Background and Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease that affects approximately 1 in 500 people. Due to an incomplete disease penetrance associated with numerous factors, HCM is not manifested in all carriers of genetic mutation. Although about two-thirds of patients are male, it seems that femal...

Background Cardiovascular disorders in general are responsible for 30% of deaths worldwide. Among them, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic cardiac disease that is present in about 1 of 500 young adults and can cause sudden cardiac death (SCD). Objective Although the current state-of-the-art methods model the risk of SCD for patients, t...

For many decades, the clinical unmet needs of primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) have been left unresolved due to the rareness of the disease and the complexity of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, including the pSS-associated lymphomagenesis process. Here, we present the HarmonicSS cloud-computing exemplar which offers beyond the state-of-the-ar...

In this chapter we analyze patient-specific machine learning and finite element approach for modeling COVID-19 spread. Many factors are influencing COVID-19 development in humans, including genetics, blood markers, geographical position and medical Roentgen images. Our unique machine learning (ML) tool provides a set of solutions for COVID-19 devel...

One of the diseases of the human cardiovascular system is carotid artery stenosis. This disease is characterized by the constriction of the arterial wall, caused by the atherosclerotic plaque that further causes anomalies in the blood flow. One of the noninvasive imaging techniques that are applied in clinical examination is the ultrasound. Using u...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a congenital or acquired disorder of the heart muscle, which is clinically manifested by symmetrical or asymmetric hypertrophy of the left and/or right ventricle in the absence of any other cause of hypertrophy. The goal of this research was to develop a finite element model of the electrical activity of the heart emb...

The lung is an organ of the respiratory system. It supplies the organism with oxygen, which is necessary for metabolism and ensures carbon dioxide release. In this chapter we have focused on modeling of the regional deposition at the same level of resolution as the in vivo data, using CFD study. Detailed 3D computer tomography (CT)-based geometric...

The respiratory system has been mainly analyzed using experimental procedures. With technological development, new opportunities have been created to analyze the respiratory system using noninvasive procedures, such as numerical methods. Numerical methods have allowed researchers to obtain important information about minimally invasive procedure. I...

Coronary artery disease (CAD), one of the leading causes of death globally, occurs due to the growth of atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries, causing lesions that restrict the flow of blood to the myocardium. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), including balloon angioplasty and coronary stent deployment, is a standard...

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. They reduce the life quality and consume almost a trillion dollars in health-care expenses in Europe and the United States alone. Computational modeling and simulation technologies hold promise as important tools to improve cardiac care and are already in use to elucidate the fund...

The topic of tissue engineering is very important nowadays. One of the main tasks of today's science is tissue and organ regeneration and replacement. The use of electrospinning for this purpose is specifically addressed in this chapter. The use of electrospinning in tissue engineering is relatively new compared to other methodologies. The producti...

Atherosclerotic plaque deposition within the coronary vessel wall leads to arterial stenosis and if not adequately treated, it may potentially have deteriorating consequences, such as a debilitating stroke, thus making early detection of the most importance. The manual plaque components annotation process is both time and resource consuming, theref...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in urban areas. Carotid artery segmentation is the initial step in the automated diagnosis of carotid artery disease. The segmentation of carotid wall and lumen region boundaries are used as an essential part in assessing plaque morphology. In this paper, two types of Convolutional...

SGABU platform was created as a computational platform for multiscale modelling in biomedical engineering. This is one of the few proposed integrated platforms that include different areas of bioengineering. The platform includes already developed solutions, various datasets and models related to cancer, cardiovascular, bone disorders, and tissue e...

The human body, as a complex biomechanical system, is daily exposed to oscillatory movements. Vibrations are observed as small displacements of points compared to the dimensions of the system. The body's sensitivity to vibration depends on many factors, such as body position, muscle tension, frequency, amplitude, and direction of vibration. Comfort...

Development of plaques compositions caused by atherosclerosis inside of coronary arteries is known as coronary artery disease. Its treatment includes the possibility of stent deployment through operation called percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. In this procedure stent is delivered using a balloon catheter and then inserted across the...

We evaluated the influence of an antioxidant-rich extract of Filipendula ulmaria L. on anxiety levels induced by nano-sized particles of different calcium phosphates. Rats in experimental groups were administered with either nano-sized hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, or amorphous calcium phosphate in the presence of Filipendula ulmaria extrac...

This is a feasibility study for the application of a novel concept of single-needle device for localized chemotherapy. Systemic chemotherapy has numerous and severe side effects. To conduct localized (electro)chemotherapy, we designed a novel device that does not currently exist on the market. Electrochemotherapy is based on the cell membranes temp...

The aim of this chapter is to describe hologram-based balance physiotherapist software that was developed in the HOLOBALANCE H2020 project ( www.holobalance.eu ). Balance disorders due to age-related progressive loss of functioning of sensory information and the inability to control body movements are considered a global epidemic according to the W...

Heart diseases are the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Practically, they are so widespread that it is increasingly difficult to find the part of the planet where the population is protected from these diseases. Aortic dissection is a serious medical condition in which the inner layer of the aortic wall ruptures. T...