Nejc Sarabon

Nejc Sarabon
University of Primorska | UP · Faculty of Health Sciences (FVZ)

PhD

About

373
Publications
227,478
Reads
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4,524
Citations
Additional affiliations
October 2010 - present
University of Primorska
Position
  • Professor (Associate)
Description
  • Exercise Therapy Motor Control Basics of Strength Training and Conditioning Neuromuscular Functions of the Trunk and Spine Health
August 2010 - present
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Of Electrical Stimulation
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Of Electrical Stimulation
Position
  • External research collaborator
May 2010 - present
Position
  • Managing Director, Head of Research
Education
October 2000 - April 2005
University of Ljubljana
Field of study
  • kinesiology
October 1997 - May 2002
University of Ljubljana
Field of study
  • physiotherapy
October 1996 - July 2000
University of Ljubljana
Field of study
  • Strength and Conditioning

Publications

Publications (373)
Article
Full-text available
Students spend a considerable amount of time in school. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and the association between the pain and suitability of school furniture and daily activities among primary school and university students. A total of 238 primary and university students participated in the study. The adapted...
Article
The present study aimed to compare linear (LS) and curvilinear sprints (CS) to provide: (a) the goodness-of-fit of individual acceleration-speed profile (ASP), and (b) the magnitude and within-and between-session reliability of the ASP variables (A0 [theoretical maximal acceleration], S0 [theoretical maximal velocity] and ASslope [slope of the line...
Article
Purpose Police officers (PO) are exposed to several health-related risk factors including shift work, extended work schedules, dangerous, and traumatic events. Although police work is often seen as active, PO spend the majority of worktime sitting in offices or driving cars. The prevalence of sedentary behaviour (SB) and physical activity (PA) amon...
Article
Background Measurement of self-reported 24-hour movement behaviours (i.e. physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep) is important for research, policy, and practice. However, studies showed that self-reported estimates are substantially biased, and that bias usually differs by individual’s characteristics (e.g. age, sex, body mass index). T...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep (i.e. 24-hour movement behaviours) are important determinants of health and well-being. Given their perfect co-dependency, there has been a recent recognition that it is sound to address them in a combination. Therefore, the purpose of our ongoing (2023–2025) national project GIB24 is to imp...
Article
The hydraulic resistance device (HRD), a state-of-the-art device developed primarily for resisted sprint training, lacks exploration of its force-generating properties. This technical note aims to evaluate these properties in vitro. In a laboratory experiment, the HRD was pulled with a motorised winch at four speeds (1–4 m s ⁻¹ ) and 12 different H...
Article
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The objectives of our study were 1) to examine whether the force-velocity-power (FvP) outcomes in the concentric and eccentric phases of flywheel (FW) squats differ among sports disciplines and 2) to investigate the association between FvP outcome variables and two key sport-performance indicators: countermovement jump height (CMJ) and change of di...
Article
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Purpose Spinal flexion exposure (SFE) leads to alterations in neuromuscular and mechanical properties of the trunk. While several studies reported changes in intrinsic trunk stiffness following SFE, there is a lack of studies evaluating the effects on lumbar muscle shear modulus (SM). Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects o...
Article
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Background Time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour (SB), and physical activity are exhaustive and mutually exclusive parts of a 24-h day that need to be considered in a combination. The aim of this study was to identify validated self-reported tools for assessment of movement behaviours across the whole 24-h day, and to review their attributes and...
Article
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of a hydraulic resistance device (HRD) for monitoring sprint split times under different loads within and between sessions. Methods: Three 20-m sprints with low (15 N), medium-low (40 N), medium-high (50 N), and high (130 N) HRD resistance levels (loads) were performed...
Article
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This study explored the changes in the rate of torque development scaling factor (RTD-SF) and maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) variables following six weeks of unilateral isometric electromyostimulation (EMS) and voluntary (VOL) exercises. Twenty-six physically active participants were randomly assigned to EMS (n = 13) or a VOL group....
Article
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Peripheral magnetic stimulation has recently been introduced as a non-invasive but effective physical agent to improve muscle strength and everyday function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of an exercise program focusing on the abdominal muscles in combination with the peripheral magnetic stimulation of the abdomin...
Article
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Studies indicate that natural wooden materials positively affect students’ well-being in classrooms. In addition, students spend a considerable amount of their time in classrooms predominantly seated, making school interiors a suitable place to reduce sedentary behaviors of children. A mixed team of experts in human factors, architecture, design an...
Article
Full-text available
This study investigated the reliability and validity of linear sprint tests (LS) and curvilinear sprint tests (CS) using a GPS device (GPEXE lt). Twenty-one (21) student athletes completed a 40 m LS as well as a left and right CS. Maximum sprint speed (MSS) and split times at short (0–10 m), intermediate (0–20 m), and long (0–30 m) distances were d...
Presentation
Introduction: The eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), defined as the difference between countermovement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) performance, has been traditionally linked to elastic energy use and stretch-shortening cycle efficiency [1]. However, recent theories suggests higher EUR may also reflect different factors, such as poor concentric r...
Presentation
INTRODUCTION: Vertical jumps are among most represented sport performance tests. Ground reaction force derived metrics (e.g., force, power, and force impulse) are commonly analysed. Prior research has investigated how characteristics of force-time profiles (e.g., timing of peak force [1], number of force peaks [2]) influence performance. Although a...
Presentation
INTRODUCTION: Resistance training stands out as an effective tool for older adults, slowing the aging process and preventing declines in muscle performance and functional ability. As an alternative to gravity-dependent weights, flywheel inertial devices have emerged, offering the potential for subjects to generate greater force and power. This capa...
Presentation
INTRODUCTION: Quantification of load magnitude is a limitation in flywheel (FW) resistance training protocols. Adaptation mechanisms for muscle strength and jumping performance improvement are velocity-specific [1]. However, it is unknown whether this specificity extends to the FW modality. Force-velocity-power (FvP) profiling has been proposed to...
Article
Full-text available
The dynamic strength index (DSI) is calculated as the ratio between countermovement jump (CMJ) peak force and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) peak force and is said to inform whether ballistic or strength training is warranted for a given athlete. This study assessed the impact of an individualized in-season resistance training program, guided by D...
Article
The purpose of the research was to determine whether the technical execution of the single-leg countermovement jump affects the height of the jump in handball players. Eighty elite handball players (age 22 ± 4 years; body mass 90.8 ± 10 kg; body height 189.8 ± 5.6 cm) were included in the study. The measurement protocol consisted of three jumps wit...
Article
Full-text available
Revija/Journal: Šport : revija za teoretična in praktična vprašanja športa. 2024, letn. 72, št. 1/2, str. 150-161. IZVLEČEK: V okviru mednarodnega programa CINDI smo že leta 1990 začeli s spremljanjem z zdravjem povezanega vedenjskega sloga odraslih prebivalcev Slovenije. Izvirno uporabljen anketni vprašalnik se je skozi leta nekoliko spreminjal....
Article
BACKGROUND: Ballet dancers are expected to use their bodies symmetrically during training, because dance movements are performed on both sides. However, there is a general belief that ballet training encourages the use of one side of the body more than the other. Frequent repetition of a particular exercise can lead to body asymmetries and musculos...
Article
Priljubljenost vadbe v vodi se je v zadnjih dveh desetletjih znatno povečala, kar je verjetno posledica pozitivnih lastnosti vodnega okolja – sile vzgona in sile upora. Medtem ko prva pripomore k razbremenitvi telesa in lažjemu izvajanju vaj, lahko drugo med vadbo v vodi izkoriščamo za krepitev mišic in večjo porabo energije. Za učinkovito izkorišč...
Article
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Team sports involve various sprinting actions, including curvilinear sprints, yet their neuromuscular factors have been understudied. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between lower limb muscle strength, strength asymmetries, linear sprint and curvilinear sprint performance. At two visits 12 male (age: 24.8 ±...
Article
This exploratory study examines the relationship between the eccentric utilization ratio (EUR) and the rate of force development (RFD) in squat jumps (SJ). EUR, a key metric in sports science, compares performance in countermovement jumps (CMJ) and squat jumps (SJ). The study hypothesizes that a higher EUR is associated with a poorer RFD in SJ. Bas...
Conference Paper
Background: Age-related neuromuscular changes in the elderly result in reduced muscle strength, mobility, power, balance and cardiovascular function. Osteoarthritis (OA), a common problem in the ageing population, is an independent risk factor for mortality. Total joint replacement (TJR) has been found to be an effective intervention for OA. To fur...
Article
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Background: Strength and conditioning experts widely recognize the dynamic strength index (DSI) as a tool for assessing an athlete’s ability to utilize strength in dynamic actions. The DSI is calculated as the ratio of peak force in dynamic actions versus isometric ones. To date, the influence of fatigue on the DSI is still not fully understood. Th...
Article
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the agreement regarding the direction of interlimb asymmetry (ILA) between different horizontal jumping tests, to examine the differences in ILA between different age categories and to assess the relationship between ILA and sprint and jump performance. The sample included 38 elite youth male soccer play...
Article
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Functional assessments are crucial for the evaluation of rehabilitation after total knee (TKA) and hip (THA) arthroplasty. Muscle strength, a key determinant of physical function (PF), is often measured with isokinetic dynamometry (ID), which is considered the gold standard. However, studies lack evaluations of responsiveness—the ability to detect...
Article
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The aim of our study was to evaluate differences in explosive isometric knee extension strength adaptations after a flywheel squat resistance training programs performed under low- and high-load conditions. Twenty physically active adults were randomly assigned to an individually allocated high- or low-load eight-week training intervention. Isometr...
Article
Revija / Journal: Šport : revija za teoretična in praktična vprašanja športa (številka 3-4, letnik 2023) IZVLEČEK: Telesna dejavnost, sedentarno vedenje in spanje (tj. 24-urno gibalno vedenje) pomembno vplivajo na zdravje in dobro počutje študentov. Z nastankom 24-urne paradigme se je pojavila potreba po vprašalnikih, ki vrednotijo gibalno vedenje...
Article
Full-text available
Measurement of the time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity across the full 24-h day (i.e. 24-h movement behaviours) is essential for time-use research among adolescents. However, self-reported questionnaires for the assessment of 24-h movement behaviours are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the validity and relia...
Article
Full-text available
A well-synchronized circadian system is a manifestation of an individual's health. A gradual weakening of the circadian timing function characterizes aging. Regular exercise has been suggested as a modality to improve many detrimental changes associated with aging. Therefore, we aim to examine the benefits and risks of lifelong endurance exercise o...
Article
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It is well known that different types of exercise significantly improve physical function and relieve pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the added effects of glucosamine or glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation in combination with an exercise program in the management of KOA. The randomized co...
Article
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The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in bilateral and unilateral dynamic strength index (DSI) between age categories (seniors and juniors), player positions (guards and forwards), its variation during the basketball season, and its association with sprint and change of direction (CoD) performance. Highly trained basketball player...
Article
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Objectives The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations of reallocating time between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep with occurrence, frequency and intensity of low back pain (LBP) among adults using compositional isotempor...
Article
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We read with particular interest the study by Rua et al. (Eur J Transl Myol 33 (3) 11637, 2023 doi: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11637) on the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the quadriceps muscle during squat at high-altitude. It offers interesting insights into how neural factors might alter muscle function during a multi-joint low-intensity motor task...
Article
The topic of interlimb asymmetries has recently been extensively investigated; despite that, intervention for purpose of reducing them have been narrowly examined. The present study investigated the effects of maximal strength and plyometric resistance training program with 3:1 workload ratio (nondominant to dominant side) on change of direction de...
Article
Full-text available
Given that the average age of the European population has been increasing, physical spaces need to be adapted, so that older adults may stay independent for as long as possible. Towards that aim, building constructors, furnishing designers, and social care and health sectors need to be aware of the difficulties that older adults face in their homes...
Article
Full-text available
ENG: One of the most common pathologies that causes hip pain is femuroacetabular impingement (FAI). The purpose of this article is to review the risk factors and treatment approaches for this pathology. Participation in sports can influence the development of ‘cam’ morphology, which probably develops during adolescence. The authors agree that arthr...
Article
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Abstract: The rate of force development scaling factor (RFD-SF) has been used to assess neuromuscular quickness. However, the common protocols are lengthy. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the reduced protocol to assess the RFD-SF and its validity in detecting inter-limb asymmetries. Eighteen participants (five females and thirt...
Article
Full-text available
Time spent in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep collectively impact health of older adults. There is a need for valid self-reported methods for the assessment of movement behaviors across the entire 24-hr day. The aim of this study was to explore the validity of the German version of Daily Activity Behaviours Questionnaire (DABQ), th...
Article
This study explored the sensitivity of jump type (unilateral and bilateral) and output variable (mean force, propulsive impulse, and jump height) to detect the changes in inter-limb asymmetries induced by unilateral and bilateral fatigue protocols. Thirty-eight individuals performed two testing sessions that consisted of (I) 9 “pre-fatigued” counte...
Article
The aim of the study was to identify the differences in anthropometric measures and neuromuscular capacity in young Slovenian football players born in the first half (P1) and the second half (P2) of the calendar year in two different categories (U16 and U17). In total, 58 football players from the football club Tabor Sežana and the football departm...
Article
Tendinopathies are one of the most common tendon injuries. In about 25% of tendinopathies, surgical treatment is required. In the others, conservative treatment is sufficient. Exercise-therapeutic protocols (ETP) are commonly used as the primary conservative treatment modality. The effect of ETP depends on the type of muscle contraction during the...
Article
We investigated the associations and differences between dynamic strength index (DSI) calculated from different types of vertical jump (countermovement jump; CMJ and squat jump; SJ) and different isometric knee joint angles (30, 60 and 90°), and associations with force-velocity (FV) profile and its constituent variables (maximal theoretical force (...
Conference Paper
UVOD: Primarni namen naše zaključne naloge je bil preučiti vpliv ekscentrične vadbe (ECC) v primerjavi s tradicionalno ali koncentrično vadbo (CON) na mišično jakost, telesno sestavo in funkcionalno zmogljivost pri starejših odraslih. METODE: Pregledali smo tri glavne baze podatkov znanstvene literature (PubMed, Scopus in Web of Science) ter v met...
Article
BACKGROUND: Measurements of hip abduction (ABD) and adduction (ADD) are important in strength and conditioning as well as in clinical practice. However, there is no clear consensus on how ABD and ADD compare in strength in different populations. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to perform a quantitative synthesis of comparisons between the isometric strength...
Article
Full-text available
The 2023 Padua Days of Muscle and Mobility Medicine (Pdm3) were held from March 29th to April 1st, 2023. Most of the abstracts were published electronically in the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM) 33 (1) 2023. Here we report the complete book of abstracts that confirms the interest of more than 150 scientists and clinicians from Aus...
Presentation
Full-text available
Studies showed that engaging in physical activities play a very important role in preserving physical abilities among older adults. While engaging in physical exercise has been consistently shown to have favourable impact, less is known about the impact of free-living physical activity, sedentary behaviour and/or sleep duration (i.e., 24-h movement...
Article
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This study explored the relationships between passive muscle stiffness (shear modulus) and vertical jumping performance, countermovement utilization ratio (CUR) and rate of force development (RFD) in an attempt to unravel the mechanism that may explain the association between shear modulus and performance. 32 recreationally active participants (16...
Article
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Recently, the transient characteristics of postural sway have been suggested as an alternative or an improvement to traditional whole-trial analyses, possibly reflecting the sensory reweighing process. The purpose of this study was to assess if the transient characteristics of postural sway are sensitive to age and postural tasks. Twenty young adul...
Book
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This special issue adresses acute and chronic changes in postural control in response to different physiological states and external environmental conditions.
Article
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze Slovenian data on sick leave (SL) due to the most common work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among workers in sector I "accommodation and food services activities" from the NACE Rev2 classification. Methods: We investigated both SL incidence (i.e., number of cases) and disease severity (...
Article
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Janicijevic, D, Pérez-Castilla, A, Miras-Moreno, S, Ortega-Becerra, M, Morenas-Aguilar, MD, Smajla, D, Sarabon, N, and García-Ramos, A. Effect of a high-intensity handball-specific fatigue protocol focused on the leg contralateral to the throwing arm on interlimb asymmetries. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2022-This study aimed to elucidate wh...
Article
The aim of this study was to analyse the nationwide data on sick leaves (SL) due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders among Slovenian workers in section E “water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities” from NACE Rev2 classification. We report both, SL frequency (ie, number of cases) and SL severity (ie, average SL durati...
Article
The aim of the study was to obtain body-mass normalised reference values of isometric ankle strength through a thorough literature review and consequent meta-analysis of the acquired data. A total of 133 studies with a total of 3755 participants were included in the final analysis. The results were sorted by the angle in the knee joint (extended, p...
Article
Revija/Journal: Šport : revija za teoretična in praktična vprašanja športa (številka 3-4, letnik 2022) IZVLEČEK: Angleški izraz »sedentary behaviour« je opredeljen kot vsakršno vedenje v času budnosti, ki ga zaznamuje nizka poraba energije in pri katerem je posameznik v sedečem položaju, se naslanja ali leži. V slovenski strokovni literaturi je m...
Article
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Background How the modification of saddle fitting parameters in horse riding affects rider’s kinetics is very uncertain. The aim of this study is to describe how manipulating the two main adjustments that an end-user is likely to perform (saddle tilt and stirrup length) affects the biomechanics of a horse rider on a living horse. Methods Eleven sh...
Article
Za vrednotenje odrivne moči se najpogosteje uporabljata navpični skok iz počepa (angl. squat jump; SJ) in navpični skok z nasprotnim gibanjem (angl. countermovement jump; CMJ). Pri tem se poleg analize osnovnih izhodnih parametrov pogosto vrednoti tudi razmerje med rezultati istovrstnih spremenljivk pri CMJ in SJ, poimenovano kot indeks izkoristka...
Article
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Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is a common occurrence in postpartum women, and it is unclear what types of nonsurgical interventions are most effective in preventing and/or reducing it. The aim of this review with meta-analysis was to investigate which conservative treatment approaches are the most effective for the management of postpartum DRA. A...
Article
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Objectives: The study aimed to determine the incidence and expression of body asymmetries in dancers of three different dance styles: dancesport (n = 14), hip-hop (n = 21) and ballet (n = 20) and to examine how body asymmetries (muscle strength and power, stability and range of motion) are associated with musculoskeletal injuries occurring over the...
Article
Full-text available
Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is the most common injury of the Achilles tendon and represents 55–65% of all Achilles tendon clinical diagnoses. AT is characterized by pain, swelling, and impaired performance. ATs can be divided into two types, according to anatomical location—midportion AT (MAT) and insertional AT (IAT). MAT more often occurs in older...
Presentation
Background: Movement behaviours (i.e. physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep) collectively impact health and wellbeing. Nowadays, we face a high prevalence of unhealthy movement behaviours, including a lack of physical activity and sleep, which emerged in our industrialisation and urbanisation periods. To develop evidence-based intervent...
Article
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Objectives The association between single-joint isometric rate of force development (RFDISO) and jumping outcomes remain largely unexplored. Further, the importance of RFD assessed during jumping for jump height and duration (i.e. time from jump onset to take-off) remains ambiguous. We therefore investigated these associations in a large heterogeno...
Article
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The reactive strength index (RSI) is used to assess reactive strength in the lower limbs. Since previous studies have mostly focused on vertical RSI (derived from drop jumps), we investigated the RSI across eight consecutive unilateral horizontal hops and its associations with sprint performance. A sample of 104 male kinesiology students (age: 19.2...
Article
The role of trunk strength and range of motion (RoM) in low back pain (LBP) risk in athletes is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare trunk muscle strength and RoM in adolescent athletes with and without LBP (total n = 381; age = 16.5 ± 2.1 years). The participants included basketball, soccer and tennis players who currently parti...
Article
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The effectiveness of eccentric exercise interventions (EEI) has been extensively explored in different populations. The aim of our umbrella review was to combine all systematic reviews about the chronic efficiency of EEI and to summarize the literature on the chronic effects of different types of eccentric exercise protocols, with or without extra...
Article
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: Regular physical activity, recommended by the WHO, is crucial in maintaining a good physical fitness level and health status and slows down the effects of aging. However, there is a lack of knowledge of whether lifelong endurance running, with a volume and frequency above the WHO limits, still brings the same benefits, or several negative effects...
Article
Full-text available
Background: The Rate of force development (RFD) is a measure of explosive strength, commonly evaluated within the same repetition as peak force/torque, by instructing the participants to produce “fast” and “hard” contraction. Previous studies have indicated that attempting to achieve the maximal RFD and maximal force/torque within the same contract...
Article
Full-text available
The objectives of this study were to 1) assess the differences between youth soccer and basketball players with and without past year groin pain (GP) in hip adduction and abduction strength and several training characteristics (age at the start of regular training, weekly training frequency, warm-up and training duration, use of stretching and/or s...
Article
Background Effective training modalities and potential determinants to induce favourable changes in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) remains elusive in patients with coronary artery disease. Aims This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-load resistance training and low-load RT combined with aerobic training in compari...
Presentation
Introduction: Time spent in various movement and non-movement behaviours collectively impact the development, health, and well-being of adolescents. Modern guidelines recommend that adolescents should sleep for 8 to 10 hours per night, limit recreational screen time to no more than 2 hours per day and accumulate at least 60 minutes of moderate-vigo...
Poster
Full-text available
Background Back pain is the most common musculoskeletal symptom. Several risk/protective factors, including sedentary behaviour, physical activity and sleep, have been proposed. Research has typically examined these time-use behaviours in isolation, ignoring the compositional nature of time-use data. The aim of this study was to determine the relat...
Article
Full-text available
Background The efficacy of combined of resistance training (RT) and aerobic training (AT) compared with AT alone is well established in cardiac rehabilitation (CR); however, it remains to be elucidated whether RT load (high-load [HL] vs. low-load [LL]) modifies the outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of HL-RT and LL-RT com...
Article
Full-text available
An abundance of information can be found in the scientific literature regarding the bilateral deficit (BLD) in different contraction types, including its possible underlying mechanisms. On the other hand, studies on the relationship between BLD and athletic performance have only begun to emerge in recent years. The purpose of this review article is...