Ndukuyakhe Ndlovu

University of Pretoria | UP · Department of Anthropology and Archaeology

South Africa is richly endowed with rock art, with three specific rock art traditions having been identified. This chapter is based on one of those rock art traditions, most specifically, the Bushmen rock art. There are many motifs made by Bushmen, ranging from animals, human figures, to schematic images. For the purpose of this chapter, I focus on...

Rock art is one of the most attractive heritage resources. Yet, some of these sites are either closed from the public or were never officially opened in the first place. Based on them being inaccessible to the public, various replicas have been built to allow tourists to still see their images. While these sites are inaccessible to the general publ...

South Africa has a rich cultural heritage with heritage legislation dating back to 1911. However, heritage legislation has been criticized for not being considerate of traditional management systems. This has led to conflict(s) between heritage managers, community members, and business leaders with regard to infrastructural development. In this cha...

The archaeological landscape in South Africa has been changing, from one defined by the domination of white males to one now defined by women and acknowledging the role of local communities. While this is a welcomed approach to providing insights about the past, the “playing field” is still defined by the minority. As a result, the participation by...

This article examines the political and institutional dimensions of archaeological practice in South Africa during the apartheid era and since the transition to democratic rule in 1994. We focus on the archaeological practices within institutional structures—the universities, heritage agencies, and museums. We examine the roles these institutions p...

Heritage managers often consider developers to be a threat to irreplaceable heritage resources, while developers often consider heritage management to be an expensive punishment and not a necessary exercise. Drawing on South African case studies, this paper begins with a general overview of the conflict between heritage managers and developers. It...

The conservation of African immovable heritage is increasingly faced with the challenge of irreversible change from the development process. There is an urgent need to ensure that those remaining places are properly documented for posterity. This paper reports on action taken to safeguard Lesotho national heritage, through the upgrading of its heri...

South Africa is one of the leading economic powerhouses in the African continent. With its rising population and the National Development Plan (NDP) aimed at repositioning South Africa, there is an increasing threat posed by the need to sustain positive economic growth patterns and thus create employment opportunities. As a result, various economic...

The boundary of uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park (uDP), first inscribed on the list of World Heritage Sites on 29 November 2000, was extended in 2013 to include the Sehlabathebe National Park in Lesotho. The new transboundary World Heritage Site was named the Maloti-Drakensberg Park. This paper offers a critique of the management of heritage resources i...

While contract archaeology has played a significant role in South Africa, a number of ethical concerns have become evident over the years. How enabling are the legal frameworks to contract archaeologists? Whose interest are contract archaeologists serving? How well do they consult affected parties in their work? How well do they communicate their f...

The concept of ownership is highly political. Ownership provides power to the one legally seen as an owner or those tasked with the responsibility to protect and preserve heritage resources. This is no different when it comes to heritage resources, whose ownership is always contentious. The main reason for such contention is because ownership impac...

The discipline of archaeology has, like any other discipline, undergone transformation of various kinds over years. Such transformation is encouraged by various factors, which may range from the need to improve research techniques and theoretical frameworks to extract better results from the material culture to racial transforming within the discip...

Ndukuyakhe Ndlovu was born at Osizweni in Newcastle, South Africa. He has studied at the Universities of the Witwatersrand and Rhodes, where he obtained a BA degree (1999), a BA honours degree (2000), a Postgraduate Diploma in science (2001) and an MA in anthropology (2005). He is currently a third-year Ph.D. candidate in the International Centre f...

Heritage management and cultural legislation have always existed in the African continent, even before the days of written laws. However, it is often perceived that it was with the 'taking over' of the continent that civilization and heritage legislation were first implemented. The 'new' legislation did not recognize the indigenous means of managem...

Academic writing has, for many years, perpetuated the thinking that the San or Bushmen1 were largely extinct. The dominance of this view was encouraged by historical evidence that Bushmen were hunted and killed by Europeans and Bantu-speakers over the last few centuries. There is still some element of this thinking amongst today's academics, althou...

Thesis (M.A. (Anthropology)) - Rhodes University, 2005.