Nayanatara Arun Kumar

Manipal Academy of Higher Education | MAHE · Department of Physiology

Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered one of the most common industrial manufactured chemicals. Vitamin C is an important dietary antioxidant which significantly decreases the adverse effects of reactive oxygen species. Objective of the study: To evaluate the damaging effect of Bisphenol on testes and the role of vitamin C on Bisphenol indu...

Background: Proper nutrition and balanced diet have a profound influence on mental well-being. Nutritional psychiatry plays an important role in influencing a healthy mind and body. The animal model of chronic unpredictable stress has been considered the effective model to explore research on anxiety and depression. Aim: The present study aimed...

Exposure to different types of stress is one of the significant risk factors in the emergence of clinically diagnosable depression. Studies are considerably less correlating the effect of stress on glial cell astrocytes, cognitive functions and behavioral analysis. The present study was aimed to. correlate the effect of chronic unpredictable stress...

The prevalence of obesity has been increasing globally as one of the major health issues due to the increased calorie intake and decreased physical activity. Dietary restriction has been proved to induce changes in various biological processes. The present study was aimed to observe the effect of complete and intermittent fasting in obesity induced...

Aging is associated with various physiological, pathological and psychosocial alterations. This study evaluates the benefits of Curcumin by assessing reproductive aging indices and ovarian health in Wistar rats. Laboratory bred adult rats selected for the experiment. After 12 months of follow-up, the animals were grouped into Normal control rats, S...

One of major threat to the environmental pollution is the contamination the by various heavy metals. Cadmium is found to have toxic effects on testis. VCO is increasingly getting the reputation of being the most versatile and healthiest antioxidant. Objective: To study the effect pre-treatment of virgin coconut oil in cadmium induced testicular tox...

Introduction and Aim: Life satisfaction is a key aspect of psycho-social study of aging. Social relationships and involvement in activities are key protective factors in maintaining cognitive and functional ability in elderly. The aim of this study is to compare the quality of life (1) among the elderly people living in old age homes and those livi...

Objectives Infertility has disastrous consequences, particularly for women. Causes of infertility in developed countries have been investigated but there is a significant lack of data among Indian female population. The aim of the present study was to analyze the causes and the proportion of the individual factors contributing to infertility, consi...

Natural products are gaining much importance in light of the serious side effects posed by drugs of chemical origin. High intake of foods rich in antioxidants reduces the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Traditionally, Allium sativum L.(garlic) and Allium cepa. L (onion) has received considerable attention for their therapeutic benefits around...

Cynodon dactylon is herb with its rich antioxidant phytoconstituents it has been widely used in traditional medicine. The present study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative role of hydro alcoholic extract of Cynodon dactylon on cerebral cortex in the mice exposed to lethal dose of radiation. Swiss albino mice were treated with 0.25 and 1 g/kg...

Background: Medical education is perceived as being stressful, and a high level of stress may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning and learning of students in a medical school. Yoga and meditation techniques have also been found to reduce stress levels and mood disturbance in young professionalsAims and Objectives:Evaluate the effects of...

Introduction and Aim: Nutritional state of the mother before and during pregnancy is one of the important determinants along with factors like pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain during pregnancy and gestational age which determines pregnancy outcome. Adequate gestational weight gain contributes for better pregnancy outcomes in both mother and infants f...

Objectives The global increase in various neurological disorders is a serious problem to be concerned. This study mainly focused on the changes in cognitive impairment, sleep pattern, visuospatial ability in the Parkinson’s disease (PD) and its possible association with the usage of smartphones durations. Methods Parkinson’s patients (40–60 years)...

Background and aim: Depression and anxiety are the most prominent neuropsychiatric disease and have been considered as the most burdensome diseases of society. The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex have a prominent role in stress-induced neurological disorders. Chronic unpredictable stress exposed rats are a perfect model in understanding comorbid...

Background In recent years, increased stress in human life has a dual effect on brain and body physiology. Chronic stress takes a toll on physiology as well as on quality of life, ultimately leading to affective disorders. Rodent models are indispensable tools for studying the etiology and progress of depression. C-reactive protein has been propose...

Introduction and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by excess glucose in the blood due to defects in insulin secretion, action, or both. Normal fasting blood glucose level in humans ranges between 80–100 mg/dL and in diabetes this blood glucose level is persistently raised. Renal dysfunction is the reduced capacity of the kidney t...

Introduction: Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of Beta carotene on cadmium induced testicular damage. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted following approval from Institutional Bioethical Committee and strict inter...

Background The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity is a critical public health problem for women. The negative effect of stress on memory and cognitive functions has been widely explored for decades in numerous research projects using a wide range of methodology. Deterioration of memory and other brain functions is a hallmark of Alzheim...

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used flavor enhancer has been linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, including progressive liver disease. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic disorder with an etiology related to changes in diet and lifestyle. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to MSG been shown to a...

Background: Yogic practices are known to affect the cardiac, respiratory and mental status of people. Objective: To investigate if the regularly supervised training of pranayama and meditation affects the basic cardio-respiratory parameters and short-term-memory (STM) of mentally challenged young adults. Material and methods: 80 mentally challenged...

Background: Cadmium (Cd), is a toxic metal which affects various organs including testis. It produces oxidative stress leading to male infertility. Moringa tree, is a natural plant with a great therapeutic value and hence it is found to be effective both in prevention and treatment of various conditions including reducing toxicity of hazardous mate...

Purpose Obesity in females is an emerging health problem. The consumption of MSG has been considered as a risk factor for obesity. The tastemakers in Chinese and fast foods, such as fish sauce and soy sauce, contain very high levels of glutamate. The deficiency of Vitamin D is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, the present s...

The existing methods for the induction of tumor in mammary cancer research using animal models are lengthy, perilous, and sometimes irreproducible and not convenient. Therefore, objective of the study was to find out, a most effective less time consuming model to produce mammary tumor in animal mode. We used two different strains of animals and two...

Background: Antioxidant plays a key role in preventing and scavenging free radicals providing safeguard to humans against diseases. Recent research has been directed towards "Natural antioxidants" from the herbal plants due to safe therapeutic potential. Information pertaining tothe antioxidant properties of entire plant of the Cynodon dactylon is...

Background: Nearsightedness, or myopia, one of the refractive errors of eye and it has become more prevalent in recent years. Heredity and visual stress are the two main factors responsible for the development of myopia. Medical students are more vulnerable to early onset of myopia. Aims and Objective: To analyze the commencement and progression of...

Breast cancer is one of the leading cause of death. Multifactorial causes play a role in the development of cancer breast which includes endogenous hormonal alteration to familial association and genetic mutations. Association of various blood group antigen is known in gastric, pancreatic, prostate and other cancers. However, in relation to breast...

Oral pre cancer is a lesion found in the oral cavity and oropharynx. Sialic acid (N-acetyl neuraminic acid) and L-fucose (6 deoxy-L galactose) are the monosacharides present in the mammalian cells. Literature review has showed a clear link between these monosaccharides and various carcinomas. Objectives of the present study is to estimate and compa...

Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of vitamin E & vitamin C on cadmium induced testicular damage. Rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each. The Gr. I rats were administered with the single dose of normal saline intraperi...

Vital capacity in normal healthy individuals decreases from sitting to supine position. Exercise can strengthen the respiratory muscles and thus cause increase in VC. This project was being conducted to find the influence of exercise on vital capacity in young adult males and females in different postures. This is a cross sectional study done on 80...

The present study was done to compare the pulse rate and oxygen saturation before and after six minute walk test between the exercising & non exercising young adult. This is a cross- sectional study conducted on total of 140 medical students of age group 17-25years of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. The standard informed consent is to be taken...

Aim & Objectives: To compare the association of body mass index among the elderly population living in old age homes and those living along with their family members in Mangalore. Materials & Methods: 160 elderly individuals above 60 years of age were selected at random from old age homes and families (80 in each group) in Mangalore. Body mass inde...

Work place stress is one of the most important problems experienced by all professionals irrespective of their nature of work. Software industry is affected greatly by the challenges and professionals serving these organizations are often observed under huge stress. This might lead to various health hazards. The present study investigates the impac...

Background: Rate pressure product is a measure of the stress put on the cardiac muscle based on the heart rate and the systolic blood pressure that it is pumping against. It allows us to calculate the internal workload or hemodynamic response and is a direct indication of the energy demand of the heart. Increased incidence of sedentary lifestyle an...

Chronic Stress has significant adverse effects on health and is a risk factor for many illnesses. The idea that the brain categorizes stressors and uses response pathways that vary according to the category has gained significant support in the recent years. The present study was designed to elucidate the possible role of amygdala nucleus on chroni...

Objectives: Medical students overindulgence with the internet, therefore it is important assess the impact of internet use on lifestyle of undergraduate medical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 90 (18-20 years) undergraduate medical students. Based on the Young’s Internet addiction test scoring, subjects were divided into addi...

Background: Sedentary life has emerged as a risk factor for various negative health. Abdominal obesity plays a major role in the pathogenesis of several metabolic and cardiovascular medical problems. The myocardial blood flow can be easily measured by knowing hemodynamic predictors the heart rate and systolic blood pressure which correlate better w...

Dementia is a major public health concern in aging populations. Cognitive performance is predictive of subsequent dementia. Declining cognitive functions is one of the hallmark changes that occur during and after menopause. Physical effects of obesity on health are well-documented. Variations in the serum lipid profiles have been implicated in vari...

Background: In the postmodern era, the online environment has become a significant arena for everyday living. Internet itself is a harmless tool but incorrect usage of net might consequently result in disruptions in mental health and social relationships. Objective: The present study aims to assess the correlation between affect and internet addict...

Brain is the target for different stressors because of its high sensitivity to stress induced degenerative conditions. A number of pathological conditions of the brain have been implicated due to free radical formation. Subcortcial structures are known to influence stress responses. Among them, the amygdala nucleus and the paraventricular nucleus o...

Brain is the target for different stressors because of its high sensitivity to stress induced degenerative conditions. A number of pathological conditions of the brain have been implicated due to free radical formation. Subcortcial structures are known to influence stress responses. Among them, the amygdala nucleus and the paraventricular nucleus (...

Stressful stimuli can disrupt the physiological homeostasis. Acute and chronic stressors influence brain function and it is known to be the key factor for the genesis of various psychological disorders. The present study was designed to elucidate the influence of acute and chronic stress on different brain tissues of wistar albino rats. The animals...

Cognitive performance is predictive of subsequent dementia; the assessment of risk factors might have a protective or detrimental effect on cognitive performance in perimenopausal women. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the effect of BMI, waist circumference and waist hip ratio on various cognitive function parameters such as Min...

Air pollution from diesel exhaust is a major respiratory hazard for workers exposed to it in enclosed space. Diesel exhaust, in addition to generating pollutants like hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen and carbon is a major contributor to particulate matter in most places of the world. Due to the greater surface area they carry a much larger fraction...

Plant-derived chemicals have its profound influence on endocrine activities in both humans and animals. The increase in the rate of infertility in women has prompted the need to search for plants with antifertility potentials, devoid of harmful side effects.The present study focused on the effect of administration of aqueous extract of entire plant...

Obesity is an important health problem in developing countries particularly in India. Specifically, abdominal obesity is associated with greater health risk than lower body obesity. Obesity is measured using waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). The association between body mass index, waist circumference and dynamic pulmonary functio...

Population explosion is a major problem which might affect drastically on economic growth. Although, synthetic contraceptive are available, these cannot be used continuously due to their side effects. Thus the present was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of entire plant of cynodon dactylon extract on reproductive organ weight and estrous c...

Introduction and Objectives: The electromagnetic fields which are emitted by cellular telephones may influence the autonomic tone which modifies the functioning of the circulatory system. The present research work was taken up to study the long term impact of mobile phone usage on the heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy, young, adult males. Met...

The present experiment was aimed to examine the effect of furosemide (loop diuretic) on ingestive behavior & some hematological parameters. The adult Wistar rats (n=6/ group) were divided into control group (n =6; Group I) and experimental group (n =6; Group II). The experimental group received furosemide intraperitonially (40mg/kg BW) for a durati...

The present experiment was aimed to examine the effect of furosemide (loop diuretic) on ingestive behavior & some hematological parameters. The adult Wistar rats (n=6/ group) were divided into control group (n =6; Group I) and experimental group (n =6; Group II). The experimental group received furosemide intraperitonially (40mg/kg BW) for a durati...

Introduction and Objectives: The electromagnetic fields which are emitted by cellular telephones may influence the autonomic tone which modifies the functioning of the circulatory system. The present research work was taken up to study the long term impact of mobile phone usage on the heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy, young, adult males. Me...

The stress response is a natural reaction by the body, against potentially harmful stimuli to enhance the chance for survival. Persistent activation of the chronic stress response can cause changes to homeostatic mechanisms. Immobilization/restraint stress is an easy and convenient method to induce both psychological and physical stress. Wistar str...

The aim of this experiment was to compare the cardiac autonomic activity and BMI in the different phases of menstrual cycle using Heart rate variability. Heart rate variability (HRV) in women has been related independently to endogenous sex hormones, hormone replacement therapy, menopause, menstrual cycle, body mass index (BMI), and physical condit...

This study was performed to investigate, the changes of tear film and ocular surface in diabetic patients by assessing the corneal sensitivity test, tear secretion test and comparing the results with those in a normal control group. The present study was carried out in K.M.C. Mangalore in 100 eyes of fifty patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Case...

Waist circumference is a predictor of total body fat and related health risks at a population level and a relatively large hip circumference is associated with lower risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease. Waist hip ratio is a better predictor of mortality in older people than waist circumference or BMI. If obesity is redefined using WHR inste...

Testicular torsion is a medical emergency, especially in male neonates and adolescents. It is a common clinical outcome and a significant urological issue. From the literature, it is evident that the use of antioxidants in the prevention of testicular reperfusion injury following detorsion is conflicting. This study was conducted to investigate the...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of ethanolic extract of entire plant of cynodon dactylon in lowering the plasma lipid parameters in rats fed an high cholesterol diet. The effects of cynodon dactylon on the lipid profile were assessed by measuring the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipo...

Organisms are constantly subjected to stimuli that can be construed as stressors. Stress regulation is a highly integrated process controlled largely by the brain. The role of amygdala in stress tolerance has attracted continued interest because of its central role in processing emotional information. In the present study, the Wistar albino rats we...

Introduction : Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease found in all tropical and temperate areas of the world . Humans contract leptospira through mucosal or percutaneous exposure to environments contaminated by the urine of chronically infected animal sources mainly rodents, dogs, pigs and cattle. Objectives:It is known that IgM ELISA is used widely t...

Objective: To study the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on biochemical parameters of renal tissue and certain blood parameters in adult albino rats. Methods: Wistar rats of either sex (average weight of 200 g) were divided into control group and experimental group. The experimental group of rats received MSG intraperitoneally (4 g/kg/bw) for a...

Objective HRV analysis has gained much importance in recent years, as a technique employed to explore the activity of autonomic nervous system (ANS), and as an important early marker for identifying different pathological conditions. Autonomic nervous activities fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. The aim of the present study was to compare and e...

Objective To study the incidence and clinical profile of pancreatic diabetes among the patients of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Methods 75 patients with diabetes with onset before 40 years of age were taken for the study. Diabetes is diagnosed by using criteria of American Diabetes Association. Pancreatic diabetes is diagnosed by using modi...

Objective: Cadmium is a highly toxic and carcinogenic environmental contaminant. Exposures to cadmium have been reported to reduce male fertility and there are several hypotheses that suggest how reduced male fertility may result from incorporation of cadmium. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of testicular ascorbic acid level in...

Alcohol (ethanol) is among some of the potentially harmful factors that are transmitted directly to the embryo. The present study was aimed to find out the changes in the tissue lipid peroxidation level and organ weight in the litters ex- posed to prenatal alcohol consumption. Adult female wistar rats (n = 6/group) were divided into control group (...

Pathological processes frequently involve the body's normal responses to abnormal environmental influences. Var- ious environmental chemicals, industrial pollutants and food additives have been implicated as causing harmful effects. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) a sodium salt of naturally occurring (non-essential) L-form of glutamic acid is one of the...

Objective: Exposure to stressful situations is among the most common human experiences. Chronic stress exposure has detrimental effect on several cell functions. In this study, we investigated the changes in selected biochemical and lipid parameters following exposure to chronic unpredictable stressors for 10 days. Methods: Wistar strain adult albi...