Navarun Gupta

University of Bridgeport · Department of Electrical Engineering

Learning Management System (LMS) technology, and a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) perspective, can deepen understanding of the dynamics between students, teachers, and their learning environment. In addition to content delivery, LMS technology can capture data about students while they are taking classes. This capability provides a way to g...

Cloud computing is emerging as a significant utility service with a focus on outsourcing the data for individual consumers as well as for organizations. It has drastically transformed the way consumers store and organize their private and confidential data. Despite significant advancements in the cloud computing technology, concerns about security...

Cloud computing is emerging as the next disruptive utility paradigm [1]. It provides extensive storage capabilities and an environment for application developers through virtual machines. It is also the home of software and databases that are accessible, on-demand. Cloud computing has drastically transformed the way organizations, and individual co...

Cloud computing is reserving its position in the market as the next disruptive utility paradigm. It is found on the pay-as-you-use model. Cloud computing is changing the way information technology (IT) operates for individuals as well as for companies. Cloud computing comes with different offerings to accommodate diverse applications. It comes with...

Due to rapid development in mobile communication technology in recent years, the demand for high quality and high capacity networks with thorough coverage has become a major necessity. Several models have been developed for predicting wireless signal coverage in urban areas, but these models suffer from inadequately calculating certain conditions,...

In this paper, we explore how surveys can be used to promote diversity and inclusion by providing a deeper understanding of the factors that influence student perceptions of school experiences and life choices. We present a methodology for conducting diversity surveys, and ways to deal with common challenges, such as low response rate, assessment o...

Wireless Communication is a quickly developing section of mobile communication systems. The mobile communication system has encountered an exponential development throughout the most recent decade. Furthermore, Wireless Local Network (WLAN) supplant wired system in diverse environment, for example, living arrangements, commercial ventures and so on...

The Measurement of radio wave propagation into and within buildings at 900 and 1800 MHz frequencies have been undertaken using the library building at the University of Bridgeport campus in CT, USA. Furthermore, the signal propagation for the cases into and within elevator has also been investigated. Signal loss is a major problem for cellular wire...

Improving human performance is a highly desired interest at present. Many industries concerned about the factors whether internal or external, effect subject productivity. Numerous methods have been introduced for this task. Meditation is just one technique helping users to reduce stress, prevent episodes similar to frustration, and aid in the acco...

Procrastination occurs when the brain switches from one mode to another to meet the situational requirements. Procrastination can lead to frustration if a subject lacks experience to commute between two modes of different thught. The primary cause stems from lack of assurance in one's ability to perform a task. To alleviate this problem, researcher...

Mobile phone base station (tower) provides coverage for one or more geographical areas, known as cells. A mobile phone network is made up of a base station operating in conjunction with adjacent base stations. Base stations must be carefully located in relation to each other, so each cell in the network functions efficiently to ensure minimum inter...

Improving performance is one of the hot topics in the industry. Researchers are working on many perspectives to achieve ideal results. Some of them study external factors while others focus on internal factors. They consider it an essential base to affect subject productivity. However, relaxation, calming down, and confidence play major roles in re...

One way of avoiding procrastination is by activating areas within the brain where we switch from one mode of thinking to another. The primary cause of procrastination is, people tend to become uncomfortable when they are not sure what to do. However, scientists have found that stimulating the brain from an unpleasant to a happy thought is possible,...

The Electrical interaction and the signaling process between a neuron and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) in a nanostructure circuit have led to a growing interest in computer brain interface. A wide variety of neuron silicon sensors and systems have been developed [2]. Typically, such brain chip interfaces rely on mini...

Big Data has shown lot of potential in real world industry and research community. We support the power and potential of it in solving real world problems. However, it is imperative to understand Big Data through the lens of 7 V's. 7th V as 'Value' is desired output for industry challenges and issues. We provide a brief survey study of 7 Vs of Big...

This paper demonstrates the Least Mean Square (LMS) adaptive filter for adaptive noise (interference) removal. A measured signal contains an unknown signal of interest and an interference signal. The goal is to design an LMS based adaptive noise canceller that adaptively removes the maternal heartbeat signal from the fetal electrocardiogram signal....

The role of binaural and immersive sound is becoming crucial in virtual reality and HCI related systems. This chapter proposes a structural model for the pinna, to be used as a block within structural models for the synthesis of Head-Related Transfer Functions, needed for digital audio spatialization. An anthropometrically plausible pinna model is...

In the past decades, VLSI industries constantly shrank the size of transistors, so that more and more transistors can be built into the same chip area to make VLSI more and more powerful in its functions. As the typical feature size of CMOS VLSI is shrunk into deep submicron domain, nanotechnology is the next step in order to maintain Moore's law f...

Madhumitha Iyer, Navarun Gupta, Larry Hmurcik, “collaboration between universities and schools to enhance computer literacy in middle school”. 2011 ASEE NE Conference, Hartford,CT April 29-30 (2011).

This paper describes the implementation of a Transport System database. We have used the entity- relationship model to design a database that will store and organize the details of the transport system. Using MySQL and an internet based graphical user interface, this database will allow everyone to access it remotely. The user will be able to view...

This paper proposes a method to model Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) based on the shape and size of the outer ear. Using signal processing tools, such as Prony's signal modeling method, a dynamic model of the pinna has been obtained, that completes the structural model of HRTFs used for digital audio spatialization. Listening tests conduct...

Sustainable energy, including solar power, wind power, and geothermal power, is very attractive since the utilization of sustainable resources can significantly decrease the emission and protect our environment. Also, the use of such energy can enhance the national energy security and reduce the dependence on the imported fossil fuel. Till now, sev...

Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) are signal processing models that represent the modifications undergone by the acoustic signal as it interacts with the listener's body. HRTFs can be used to generate binaural sound as they contain all the information about the sound source's location. This paper describes a database of head-related transfer...

Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) are signal processing models that represent the transformations undergone by acoustic signals, as they travel from their source to the listener's eardrums. The study of HRTFs is a rapidly growing area with potential uses in virtual environments, auditory displays, the entertainment industry, human-computer in...

Cocktail Party Effect has been used to isolate one sound above others in a multiple speaker environment. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that intelligibility can be improved by introducing directionality and gender differences in a multiple speaker environment. In this study, we examine the effect of accents on speech intelligibility. To...

Research into pronunciation and acoustic properties of foreign speech have evolved with technology and produced interesting results. The production of English vowel sounds by native Mandarin and Hindi speakers were investigated. The first three formant frequencies (F1, F2) and the mean and standard deviation values are calculated. The goal of this...

onsider the design of a speedometer (as used in a car, for example) using conventional mechanical linkages and a rotating magnet. We begin by modeling a linear speedometer. Later we introduce real-life nonlinearities. With the system linear, Laplace transforms make the solution of the problem easy and complete compared to solutions using differenti...

The 6th Remote Engineering and Virtual instrumentation Conference (REV 2009) was held at the University of Bridgeport in Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA during the period of June 22 – 25, 2009. The conference brought together engineering researchers, educators, and professionals to explore the fundamentals, future, and application of remote engineerin...

The 6th Remote Engineering and Virtual instrumentation Conference (REV 2009) was held at the University of Bridgeport in Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA during the period of June 22 – 25, 2009. The conference brought together engineering researchers, educators, and professionals to explore the fundamentals, future, and application of remote engineerin...

In multiple speaker environments such as teleconferences we observe a loss of intelligibility, particularly if the sound is monaural in nature. In this study, we exploit the "Cocktail Party Effect", where a person can isolate one sound above all others using sound localization and gender cues. To improve clarity of speech, each speaker is assigned...

Our study proposes to improve the tools and techniques of teaching graduate engineering courses using students’ Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences (MI). Thirty volunteers answered commercially available Learning Style and MI tests in our Electrical Engineering department. Learning styles are grouped as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VA...

Our study proposes to improve the tools and techniques of teaching graduate engineering courses using students' Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences (MI). Thirty volunteers answered commercially available Learning Style and MI tests in our Electrical Engineering department. Learning styles are grouped as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic (VAK...

IEEE 802.11 is a wireless LAN technology based on a cellular architecture where the system is subdivided into cells. Each cell is called Basic Service Set (BSS) which is controlled by a base station called Accesses Point (AP). Access points are connected through Distribution System (DS), typically Ethernet or wireless itself. Ethernet LAN Techno...

In multiple speaker environments such as teleconferences we observe a loss of intelligibility, particularly if the sound is monaural in nature. In this study, we exploit the "Cocktail Party Effect", where a person can isolate one sound above all others using sound localization and gender cues. To improve clarity of speech, each speaker is assigned...

Book Description: Online Engineering is a book about the art of enabling the execution of a common application by entities that remain physically separated. Engineering is the art of exploiting existing systems to the benefit of human-kind. From gigantic structures such as bridges and buildings to miniscule systems such as microprocessors and MEMS...

Online Engineering is a book about the art of enabling the execution of a common application by entities that remain physically separated. Engineering is the art of exploiting existing systems to the benefit of human-kind. From gigantic structures such as bridges and buildings to miniscule systems such as microprocessors and MEMS, this fundamental...

We discuss the Engineering principles of Hi-voltage (any voltage above 600 volts). We cite 3 examples that typify some of the problems facing the Engineer and technician working with Hi-voltages, including geometry considerations, the need to follow proper protocol and the laws (both scientific and political) governing Hi-voltage.

-Head-Related Impulse Responses (HRIRs) are used in signal processing to model the synthesis of spatialized audio which is used in a wide variety of applications, from computer games to aids for the vision impaired. They represent the modification to sound due to the listener’s torso, shoulders, head and pinnae, or outer ears. As such, HRIRs are so...

Currently, to obtain maximum fidelity 3D audio, an intended listener is required to undergo time consuming measurements using highly specialized and expensive equipment. Customizable Head-Related Impulse Responses (HRIRs) would remove this limitation. This paper reports our progress in the first stage of the development of customizable HRIRs. Our a...

Many spatial audio ("3D sound") systems are based on the use of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). Since the measurement of these HRTFs for each prospective listener is impractical in many applications, developers frequently use "generic" HRTFs (e.g., from a mannequin), sacrificing the superior spatialization that could be provided by "indivi...

This paper introduces a new approach to the decomposition of measured Head-Related Impulse Responses (HRIRs) based on simultaneous analysis in the time and frequency domains. This approach is computationally less demanding and faster than previous systematic approaches proposed for this purpose. Currently, HRIRs are the most usual representation of...

Audio spatialization is a rapidly growing field in acoustics and audio signal processing. Measurements and models of head-related impulse responses (HRIRs) of human subjects or KEMAR dummy heads are the primary source of information for research on spatial audio. The information contained in HRIRs measured at various azimuth and elevation angles is...

In order to achieve full binaural sound, audio signals must be synthesized using specialized digital filters characterized by their so-called Head-Related Impulse Responses (HRIRs). They represent the modification to sound due to the listener's torso, shoulders, head and pinnae, or outer ears. Conventional methods of measuring individual HRIRs requ...

The use of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) in creating 3D sounds is gaining wide acceptance in multimedia applications. This paper presents a new method of modeling HRTFs based on the shape and size of the outer ear. Using signal processing tools, such as Pronyís signal modeling method, an appropriate set of time delays and a resonant fr...

This paper proposes a dynamic model for the human pinna, or outer ear. This dynamic model is needed to complete the implementation of structural models used for digital audio spatialization. The paper describes the rationale followed to derive this model and the process by which the parameters of the model can be instantiated for any given prospect...

One of the most popular techniques for creating spatialized virtual sounds is based on the use of Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). HRTFs are signal processing models that represent the modifications undergone by the acoustic signal as it travels from a sound source to each of the listener's eardrums. These modifications are due to the inter...

Studies at our laboratory have resulted in a new method of helping a blindfolded person transverse a virtual environment where four spatialized sounds, placed at different locations using Head Related Transfer Functions, were delivered through headphones and used as navigation cues. The subjects, represented by the cursor, were asked to navigate a...

Recently, many virtual reality applications have been enhanced with the inclusion of real-time 3-D virtual sound. In a large proportion, this is achieved by implementing sound spatialization through the generation of binaural audio produced with the so-called Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). The sounds arriving at the ear from the source un...

Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) are commonly used to impose a virtual location of origin to mono-aural digital sounds. In listening tests, however, subjects tend to confuse the virtual location of sounds from the front hemisphere with symmetric locations in the back hemisphere, and vice versa, in an effect called “Cone of Confusion”. Prelim...

The human brain is capable of localizing sounds from events occurring in its surroundings. It is able to identify and pinpoint from which directions the sounds come. This project takes advantage of that ability to create a simple auditory map of a virtual environment with the use of head related transfer functions (HRTF). HRTF are the basis of the...

Head-related transfer functions (HRTF) are widely used for the synthesis of binaural sound, which can produce in the listener the illusion of a sound that originates at a virtual location around him/her. The accuracy in the perception of these sounds, however, is compromised by the "cone of confusion" effect. Due to this effect, a source in the bac...

The human brain is capable of localizing sounds from events occurring in its surroundings. It is able to identify and pinpoint from which directions the sounds come. This project takes advantage of that ability to create a simple auditory map of a virtual environment with the use of head related transfer functions (HRTF). HRTF are the basis of the...

Head-related transfer functions (HRTF) are widely used for the synthesis of binaural sound, which can produce in the listener the illusion of a sound that originates at a virtual location around him/her. The accuracy in the perception of these sounds, however, is compromised by the "cone of confusion" effect. Due to this effect, a source in the bac...

The transformation of a sound from its origin to each of the eardrums of a listener, due to the head, torso, and outer ear of the listener, are modeled by the so-called Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) for each individual and each location around the listener. These HRTFs can be used to transform a monoaural sound into left and right sounds...

This paper studies the accuracy achievable in spatialized speech signals due to their limited bandwidth, in systems based on generic Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs). The accuracy in the perception of sounds spatialized through HRTFs to emulate nine sound locations around the listener, at 0 elevation, are investigated. The tests contrast the...

This paper presents an analysis of the accuracy achievable in the spatialization of digital sound using generic head related transfer functions (HRTFs) played back over commodity audio channels readily available in most personal computers (PCs) now in market, using off-the- shelf headphones. We believe that this study is of interest because these a...

We present models for the optical microvariability that, over the past few years, has been conclusively established to be common in BL Lacs and some other AGN. Our scenario invokes the excess emission produced by flares or 'hot-spots' on the accretion disks around supermassive black holes. Phenomenological models, based on steady-state 'beta-disks'...

For a fluid, the transition from laminar to turbulent flow is a function of the fluid's speed, direction, applied pressure, pipe length, pipe radius, fluid viscosity, and fluid density. For human breathing, all of these parameters are generally beyond control, except for the fluid's density and viscosity. If the human has trouble breathing, laminar...