
Nathan SchilatyUniversity of South Florida | USF · Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair
Nathan Schilaty
DC, PhD
Advancing chiropractic / biomechanics research at USF. Also looking for world-class team members...
About
110
Publications
27,561
Reads
How we measure 'reads'
A 'read' is counted each time someone views a publication summary (such as the title, abstract, and list of authors), clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the full-text. Learn more
1,326
Citations
Introduction
I research the neuromechanics of human movement, specifically of anterior cruciate ligament injury, concussion, and proprioception. I utilize clinical trials, in vivo, in vitro, and machine learning models. My long-term goal is to implement programs to advance chiropractic medicine, prevent injury, and improve rehabilitation techniques. My backgrounds in chiropractic, neuroscience, and kinesiology keep me exploring for solutions to common health concerns.
Additional affiliations
Education
December 2017 - May 2019
August 2011 - December 2014
January 2004 - January 2007
Publications
Publications (110)
Citation: Walters, K.F.; Shukla, R.; Kumar, V.; Schueren, S.; Yadav, H.; Schilaty, N.D.; Jain, S. Resting-State EEG Power Spectral Density Analysis Between Healthy and Cognitively Impaired Subjects. Brain Sci. 2025, 15, 173. https://doi. Abstract: Background/Objectives: This study evaluates the potential of electroencephalog-raphy (EEG) as a noninv...
Background
Rapidly reversible weakness with neck flexion (McArdle sign) is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The pathophysiology is unknown.
Objective
To evaluate changes in central motor conduction time (CMCT) in patients with and without McArdle sign.
Methods
We measured McArdle sign with a torque cell and CMCT with neck flexed a...
Context : Epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of musculoskeletal injury after concussion. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the reverse relationship exists, specifically whether there is an increased risk of concussion after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in a population-based cohort. Design : Retrospec...
This study investigates the potential of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) to differentiate between healthy individuals, those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is critical, yet current methods are costly and invasive. EEG, as a non-invasive and portable tool, shows promise for...
Purpose
To report the rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft failure by physis status (open, closing, closed) and to analyze which factors were associated with higher risk of ACL graft failure.
Methods
Patients younger than 18 years who underwent transphyseal ACL reconstruction (ACLR) between 2000 and 2018 at a single institution were revi...
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of dementia. Aging is a significant risk factor for AD, emphasizing the importance of early detection since symptoms cannot be reversed once the advanced stage is reached. Currently, there is no established method for early AD diagnosis. However, emerging evidenc...
Interoception, sometimes referred to as the ‘hidden sense,’ communicates the state of internal conditions for autonomic energy regulation and is important for human motor control as well as self-awareness. The insula, the cortex of interoception, integrates internal senses such as hunger, thirst and emotions. With input from the cerebellum and prop...
Objective
Athletic performance can be enhanced immediately after an isometric warm-up, a phenomenon termed post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE). While isometric warm-ups can improve lower extremity sprint and jump performance, neck-specific isometric warm-ups need development and validation for mild traumatic brain disorders and neck pain...
The variable ‘frequency dispersion’ was discovered many decades ago in postural tasks, but it has never been used due to its low re-testability. Over the years, many researchers have disregarded its significance since it does not differ substantially between various age groups and diseased states. However, it is still collected in postural measurem...
Background
Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, many athletes that undergo surgery and 6–9 months of rehabilitation struggle to return to sport. Evidence suggests that psychological factors contribute to this failure to return-to-sport.
Objective
Determine the motor control relationship between thigh musculature motor unit characteri...
Background:
Patients with chronic low back pain can exhibit altered slower gait, poor balance, and lower strength/power, and psychological dysfunctions such as pain catastrophizing and fear of movement. Few studies have investigated the relationships between physical and psychological dysfunctions. This study examined associations between patient-...
Objectives:
Assess the impact of concussion by comparing reaction time, peak force recruitment, and rate of force development of adolescent athletes returning from concussion against age- and sex-matched controls in visual-elicited neck movement.
Design:
Athletes sat secured in a custom-built isometric device with their heads secured in a helmet...
Introduction
It is well documented that marked weakness of the quadriceps is present after knee joint injury. This joint trauma induces a presynaptic reflex inhibition of musculature surrounding the joint, termed arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI). The extent to which anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury affects thigh musculature motor unit act...
Background:
Despite widespread use of return to sport testing following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, studies suggest inadequacy in current testing criteria, such as limb symmetry index calculations, to determine athletes' readiness to return to play. Recurrence quantification analysis, an emerging non-linear data analysis tool, may r...
Background:
Low back pain is an extremely prevalent issue with an extensive impact, ranging from decreased quality of life to lost years of productivity. Many interventions have been developed to alleviate chronic lower back pain, yet it remains a widespread problem. The objective of this study was to examine the role of artificial intelligence gu...
American professional football has one of the highest rates of sport injury. Despite this high rate of injuries, little is known on injury occurrence from unconventional game schedules or shortened rest periods. To determine whether time between games in the National Football League was associated with injury occurrence, time missed, body part inju...
Background
Previous literature has postulated a relationship between greater hamstring stiffness and a higher risk of sustaining injury. Shear wave elastography (SWE) presents a relatively new means for non-invasive evaluation of soft tissue elasticity pre- and post- injury or intervention.
Purpose
(1) To establish baseline hamstring stiffness mea...
Introduction: Physical activity is protective against cardiovascular (CV) disease and mortality, yet more than 25% of adults do not perform any regular exercise. Whole body electronic muscle stimulation (WB-EMS) is a novel FDA-approved device used for physical training that simultaneously stimulates all major muscle groups using percutaneous electr...
Background:
Neuromuscular deficits exist following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. To observe these deficits, we examined nonlinear characteristics of vastus medialis electromyography (EMG) signals during submaximal isometric knee extensor contractions. Our purpose was to examine if determinism and entropy in EMG signals reflected neuromu...
Background
Investigators have proposed that various physical head and neck characteristics, such as neck strength and head and neck size, are associated with protection from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI/concussion).
Objectives
To systematically review the literature and investigate potential relationships between physical head and neck charac...
IntroductionSensorimotor characteristics such as visual-motor reaction time (VMRT), peak force, and rate of force development (RFD) of the neck muscles play an important role in sports-related concussions (SRC). The purpose of this study was to establish reliability and sex differences of neck-specific VMRT and force characteristics of neck muscles...
Joint trauma induces a presynaptic reflex inhibition termed arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) that prevents complete activation of muscles. Reduced motor unit (MU) output is a hypothesised mechanism for persistent strength deficits. The objective of this study was to determine MU characteristics of thigh musculature and determine how they change...
Objective:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is often accompanied by myelopathy, which may be associated with progressive worsening. A specific finding of MS-associated myelopathy is McArdle sign, wherein neck flexion is associated with prominent increased limb weakness relative to that detected with neck extension. In this study, we characterized neuromoto...
Previous studies indicate that moderate-to-high ethanol (EtOH) concentrations enhance dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the mesolimbic DA system from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens core (NAc). However, voltammetry studies demonstrate that moderate-to-high EtOH concentrations decrease evoked DA release at N...
Background:
Eccentric hamstring strength and hamstring/quadriceps strength ratios have been identified as modifiable risk factors of hamstring strains. Additionally, those strength and flexibility characteristics are commonly used as clinical tests to monitor progress of athletes with acute or chronic hamstring strains. Although hamstring strains...
Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries impair knee extensor and flexor force generation and may alter force variability. Fractal scaling exponents quantify signal complexity and reflect neuromuscular system adaptability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate force variability magnitudes and fractal scaling exponents in persons wit...
Background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury reduction training has focused on lower body strengthening and landing stabilization. In vitro studies have shown that quadriceps forces increase ACL strain, and hamstring forces decrease ACL strain. However, the magnitude of the effect of the quadriceps and hamstrings forces on ACL loading and its...
Weaker hamstrings muscular forces and lower ratio of the hamstrings/quadriceps muscular forces in female athletes have been identified as modifiable risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. However, sex differences in athletes' ability to react to visual cues (Choice Visual-Motor Reaction Time: VMRT) and to generate knee muscular...
Background
Around half of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are treated through reconstruction, but the literature lacks mechanical investigation of reconstructions in a dynamic athletic task and rupture environment. The current objective was to ascertain the feasibility of investigating ACL reconstructions in a rupture environment during s...
Background
Frontal plane trunk lean with a side-to-side difference in lower extremity kinematics during landing increases unilateral knee abduction moment and consequently anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk. However, the biomechanical features of landing with higher ACL loading are still unknown. Validated musculoskeletal modeling offers...
Background
McArdle sign is a phenomenon of impaired gait and muscle weakness that occurs with neck flexion, immediately reversible with neck extension. A recent report measured the specificity of this sign for multiple sclerosis by measuring differences in peak torque of the extensor digitorum between neck extension and flexion.
Methods
This subst...
Parkinson’s disease is associated with degeneration of neuromelanin (NM)-containing substantia nigra dopamine (DA) neurons and subsequent decreases in striatal DA transmission. Dopamine spontaneously forms a melanin through a process called melanogenesis. The present study examines conditions that promote/prevent DA melanogenesis. The kinetics, int...
Weaker neck strength has been suggested as a potential risk factor of sport related concussion in female soccer athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine sex differences in neck muscle strength characteristics in multiple directions. A total of 52 high school soccer players (17 Females/35 Males) with no history of concussion participated....
Background/purpose:
The number of hip arthroscopies (HAs) performed in the United States is increasing exponentially. Previous authors have shown improvements in short- and mid-term functional outcomes after HA. Despite established overall improvements, functional and objective impairments may persist. In particular, preliminary work demonstrates...
Neck strength characteristics are proposed to play an important role in sports-related concussion (SRC) in high school football players. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare neck strength characteristics between high school football players with and without a SRC history. A total of 19 players with SRC history (CONC) were matched wi...
Background
Knee abduction moment during landing has been associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, accurately capturing this measurement is expensive and technically rigorous. Less complex variables that lend themselves to easier clinical integration are desirable.
Purpose
To corroborate in vitro cadaveric simulation and in...
Background:
Non-contact injuries are common in sports as abnormal lower extremity joint mechanics can place athletes at risk for injury. It is important to have reliable, feasible, cost-effective assessment tools to determine lower limb control and injury risk.
Hypothesis/purpose:
The purpose of the study was to assess the intra- and inter-rater...
Purpose
The sensorimotor system is a subcomponent of the comprehensive motor control system of the body. However, the complex nature of the sensorimotor system makes it difficult to interpret findings for clinical application. The purpose of this study was to utilize principal component analysis (PCA) to identify sex differences and relationships b...
Background
The most commonly damaged structures of the knee are the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and menisci. Given that these injuries present as either isolated or concomitant, it follows that these events are driven by specific mechanics versus coincidence. This study was designed to investigate the multipl...
A large variety of data filtration techniques exist in biomechanics literature. Data filtration is both an ‘art’ and a ‘science’ to eliminate noise and retain true signal to draw conclusions that will direct future hypotheses, experimentation, and technology development. Thus, data consilience is paramount, but is dependent on filtration methodolog...
Background
Recent studies indicate concussion increases risk of musculoskeletal injury in specific groups of patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the odds of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury after concussion in a population-based cohort.Methods
International Classification of Diseases, 9th and 10th Revision (ICD-9, ICD-10) co...
Background:
Altered motor unit (MU) activity has been identified after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, but its effect on muscle tissue properties is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare thigh musculature muscle stiffness between control and ACL-injured subjects.
Methods:
Thirty ACL-injured subjects and 25 control subjects w...
Background:
The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries has been estimated at 1 in 3500 individuals in the literature. Second ACL tears represent 7-14% of all ACL tears. The location of ACL tears has been noted to be primarily proximal.
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to corroborate previous data as well as to add novel dat...
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury videos estimate that rupture occurs within 50 milliseconds of initial contact, but are limited by imprecise timing and nondirect data acquisition. The objective of this study was to precisely quantify the timing associated with ligament strain during simulated landing and injury events. The hypotheses tested...
Background:
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a common cause of time loss in sports. Approximately one-third of ACL reconstructed athletes who return to sport suffer secondary injury. The presence of fatigue during athletic performance has been hypothesized to increase susceptibility to ACL injury. However, the relative role of fatigue...
Objective
The purpose of this study was to characterize lower extremity passive muscle stiffness in a young, healthy, athletic population. It was hypothesized that males would exhibit greater stiffness than females and that hamstring stiffness would increase with increased passive hamstring stretch.Methods
Male (n = 52, age 16.0 ± 1.3 years, height...
Letter to the Editor: Mouthguard use in youth ice hockey and the risk of concussion: nested case-control study of 315 cases.
Context
Neck pain (NP), neck injuries, and concussions are more prevalent in female athletes than in their male counterparts. Females exhibit less neck girth, strength, and stiffness against a perturbation. As part of the clinical examination for individuals with NP, ultrasound (US)–based imaging of the cervical muscles has become common. Muscle si...
Background
A recently developed mechanical impact simulator induced an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture via the application of a combination of inverse dynamics–based knee abduction moment (KAM), anterior tibial shear force (ATS), and internal tibial rotation moment with impulsive compression in a cohort of cadaveric limbs. However, there r...
Background
The existent literature has well explored knee ligament kinetics and strain at and after initial contact (IC) during landing tasks. However, little is known about knee ligament biomechanics in flight before IC.
Purpose
To quantify and compare change in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) strain before I...
Purpose of Review
Overhand (OH) throwers demonstrate a unique motion profile of the shoulder joint complex. This manuscript reviews normal adaptations in the OH thrower and contrast findings with pathologic motion deficits.
Recent Findings
Multiple adaptations in range of motion have been associated with increased risk for arm injury. The use of a...
Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) after ACL reconstruction is a result from neural inhibition and quadriceps muscle atrophy. Asymmetrical quadriceps muscle strength has also been reported after ACLR and is associated with altered biomechanics during dynamic movement tasks. It is currently unknown if neural activity and quadriceps muscle stiffness...
Objective:
Fatigue due to game play is often cited as a factor in musculoskeletal injuries; however, it is unclear whether or not this view is supported by published research findings. Given the importance researchers and practitioners place on the potential effects of game play with respect to injury, it is important to understand what inferences...
Background:
Athletes have traditionally been subdivided into risk classifications for ACL injury relative to the biomechanical traits they display during landing. This investigation aimed to discern whether these separate risk classifications elicit strain differences on the ACL and MCL during landing. It was hypothesized that the higher risk simu...
Objective:
To measure McArdle sign (rapidly reversible weakness induced by neck flexion) both qualitatively and quantitatively and to evaluate its specificity and clinical utility for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS).
Patients and methods:
In this prospective study, McArdle sign was evaluated by a technician blinded to diagnosis by measuring...
Background:
Both the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the medial collateral ligament (MCL) bear load during athletic tasks of landing, cutting, pivoting, and twisting. As dynamic knee valgus is a purported mechanism for ACL injury, the MCL should bear significant strain load with valgus force.
Hypothesis:
The intact MCL will demonstrate a si...