Natchimuthu Karmegam- M.Sc., Ph.D.
- Associate Professor at Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
Natchimuthu Karmegam
- M.Sc., Ph.D.
- Associate Professor at Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
Bio-waste & Biomass Valorization; Bioremediation; Medicinal Plants; Microplastics; Vermicomposting.
About
197
Publications
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Introduction
With our research group, I am currently engaged in researches pertaining to Waste management strategies, Biomass valorization, Advances in wastewater treatment technologies, Green nano-technologies, Eco-technologies for sustainable environment and agriculture, Composting and Vermicomposting; Ethnomedicinal plants and their applications.
Current institution
Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
Current position
- Associate Professor
Publications
Publications (197)
Nitrogen loss during the composting process is a great challenge that can lead to environmental pollution and reduce compost quality. Lime is often added to the composting mixture to increase the pH, speed-up the decomposition process, and lower the release of toxic gases like ammonia. However, the specific effects of lime on nitrogen dynamics, par...
The risk of arsenic contamination is rising globally, and it has negative impacts on the physiological processes and growth of plants. Metal removal from contaminated soils can be accomplished affordably and effectively with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)-based microbial management. From this angle, this research evaluated the mitigati...
Artificial intelligence (AI) and environmental points are equally important components within the response to local weather change. Therefore, based on the efforts of reducing carbon emissions more efficiently and effectively, this study tries to focus on AI integration with carbon capture technology. The urgency of tackling climate change means we...
As plastics become more ubiquitous, their impact on the environment and on human health cannot be overlooked. Once generated, micro‐ and nano‐plastics end‐up in the environment, causing widespread health and environmental risks. This is a significant environmental problem given the minuscule sizes of microplastics, and therefore warrants further in...
Nanotechnology is revolutionizing agricultural and food waste in underdeveloped countries via sustainable agriculture and circular economy application. This review critically assesses nanotechnology-powered technol-ogies' ability to solve agricultural waste management and resource utilization problems. With its nanoscale specific engineering, nanot...
Explosives are perilous and noxious to aquatic biota disrupting their endocrinal systems. Supplementarily, they exhibit carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects on humans and animals. Henceforth, the current study has been targeted to biotransform the explosive, 2, 4, 6 trinitrophenol (TNP) by wetland peroxidase from Streptomyces coelicolor....
Nanoparticles (NPs) play a significant role in protecting human and environmental health. Worldwide, research is focused on developing new pharmaceuticals and environmentally safe materials. The current research reports the phytosynthesis of NPs from iron oxide (Fe2O3) mediated through ethanolic extracts of Andrographis serpyllifolia leaf (ASL) and...
Fruits and processed food demand has greatly increased due to which a huge amount of fruit waste is generated. In this study, the effect of the ethanolic extract of waste material Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel and Vitis vinifera (grapes) seeds was evaluated on hematological parameters in Wistar rats with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepato...
Agricultural manufacturing costs have elevated over time because of expanded land use for agricultural functions, state-of-the-art agricultural machinery, and an ever-developing population [...]
The suitability of biochar as a supplement for environmental restoration varies significantly based on the type of feedstocks used and the parameters of the pyrolysis process. This study comprehensively examines several aspects of biochar's potential benefits, its capacity to enhance crop yields, improve nutrient availability, support the co-compos...
The growing concentrations of micropollutants in aquatic ecosystems are a global water quality issue. Understanding micropollutants varied chemical composition and potency is essential to solving this complex issue. Micropollutants management requires identifying contaminants to reduce, optimal reduction targets, and the best wastewater recycling l...
This review article critically evaluates the significance of adopting advanced biofuel production techniques that employ lignocellulosic materials, waste biomass, and cutting-edge technology, to achieve sustainable environmental stewardship. Through the analysis of conducted research and development initiatives, the study highlights the potential o...
Herein, the Mg-S co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the sol-gel method, and their photocatalytic activity of MB (methylene blue) dye was examined under simulated visible light. X-ray diffraction patterns of Mg-S co-doped TiO2 reveal an average crystallite size of 19.3 nm. Moreover, results showed that Mg/S co-doped TiO2 NPs had p...
Photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes is seen as a viable technique for addressing environmental and energy concerns simultaneously. Therefore, the primary requirement is the creation of a better catalyst with adequate product selectivity for removal efficiency under solar light. Herein, pure ZnO and Cu (0.10 M) doped cotton stalk activated carbon...
In recent years, biofuel or biogas have become the primary source of bio-energy, providing an alternative to conventionally used energy that can meet the growing energy demand for people all over the world while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Enzyme hydrolysis in bioethanol production is a critical step in obtaining sugars fermented during the...
Microplastics have been identified as an emerging pollutant due to their irrefutable prevalence in air, soil, and particularly, the aquatic ecosystem. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are seen as the last line of defense which creates a barrier between microplastics and the environment. These microplastics are discharged in large quantities into...
Anthropogenic toxins are discharged into the environment and distributed through a variety of environmental matrices. Trace contaminant detection and analysis has advanced dramatically in recent decades, necessitating further specialized technique development. These pollutants can be mobile and persistent in small amounts in the environment, and ec...
Currently, international development requires innovative solutions to address imminent challenges like climate change, unsustainable food system, food waste, energy crisis, and environmental degradation. All the same, addressing these concerns with conventional technologies is time-consuming, causes harmful environmental impacts, and is not cost -e...
Water treatment is a worldwide issue. This review aims to present current problems and future challenges in water treatments with the existing methodologies. Carbon nanotube production, characterization, and prospective uses have been the subject of considerable and rigorous research around the world. They have a large number of technical uses beca...
Herein, the ternary CdS/BiVO4/g-C3N4 (CBG) hybrid semiconductor photocatalyst was prepared via a hydrothermal technique. The synthesized photocatalysts were thoroughly characterized using powder XRD, XPS, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and UV-DRS to investigate the microstructural, morphological attributes, and optical properties. The photocatalytic activity of t...
The world has recognized the importance of renewable energy and is moving towards a rapid transition to renewable energy and energy efficiency. Advances in electrolysis and cost reductions, as well as the availability of renewable energy sources, have paved the way for the creation of green hydrogen, a completely carbon-free fuel, making it a real...
Herein, the Mg-S codoped TiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the sol-gel method, and their photocatalytic activity of MB (Methylene Blue) dye was examined under simulated visible light. The crystal structure, morphology analysis, optical properties, and photocatalytic performance of synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by XR...
23 Revised manuscript (clean version) J o u r n a l P r e-p r o o f Journal Pre-proof 2 Abstract 24 This research work evaluated a straight forward approach for pulp bio-bleaching by growing the 25 xylanase producing microorganism (Bacillus pumilus) directly onto the soda pulp and then 26 comparing the results of this approach with effect of the ex...
Illicit drugs are a novel group of emerging pollutants. A growing global environmental load and ecological risk is created by the ongoing release of these toxins into the environment. Conventional water processing plants fail to completely remove drugs of abuse from both surface water and wastewater. The origin, environmental fate and ecological re...
The need of the hour relies on finding new but sustainable ways to curb rising pollution levels. The accelerated levels of urbanization and increase in population deplete the finite resources essential for human sustenance. In this aspect, water is one of the non-renewable sources that is running out very fast and is polluted drastically day by day...
Traditional fossil fuels used today have innumerable adverse effects on man and environment. Fuel derived microalgae is reported to be quite a healthier and eco-friendly alternative, as it contains lesser sulphur contents. This current review focuses on the application of nanoparticles in conjugation with microalgae for fuel quality production base...
Accumulation of plastics alarms a risk to the environment worldwide. As polyethylene pterephthalate (PET) degrades slowly and produces hazardous substances, therefore, it is now essential to eliminate plastic wastes from the environment. Given that, the current study is concerned with PET degradation potential of naturally occurring microbial strai...
Peroxidase (POX) is a heme-containing oxidoreductase, its voluminous immuno-diagnostic and bioremediatory intuitions have incited optimization and large scale-generation from novel microbial repertoires. Azo dyes are the most detrimental classes of synthetic dyes and they are the common ecotoxic industrial pollutants in wastewater. In addition, azo...
Reducing CO2 emissions using biomass is gaining popularity as an environmentally friendly strategy. Due to high growth rates, low production costs, and ability to withstand harsh conditions, microalgae have become quite popular. Microalgae may also undertake photosynthesis, converting CO2 and solar energy into sugar before becoming biomass, making...
Lignocellulosic agricultural wastes are the most widely utilized resource for bioethanol production due to several advantages. Removal of hemicellulose and lignin is a prerequired step during bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass to upgrade cellulose recovery and the substrate porosity for saccharification. Chemical pretreatment of cor...
Algal biomass is considered to be one of the most promising feedstocks of importance for conversion into biofuels.
With their benefits over other biomass feedstocks, such as sustainability, renewability and productivity,
microalgae are one of the most promising biomass resources for use in thermochemical conversion processes.
With this review, we h...
Graphene oxide can be used to store energy, as electrodes and purify industrial and domestic wastewater as photocatalysts and adsorbents because of its remarkable thermal, electrical, and chemical capabilities. Toward understanding graphene oxide (GO) based nanomaterials considering the background factors, the present review study investigated thei...
Agrowaste sources can be utilized to produce biogas by anaerobic digestion reaction. Fossil fuels have damaged the environment, while the biogas rectifies the issues related to the environment and climate change problems. Techno-economic analysis of biogas production is followed by nutrient recycling, reducing the greenhouse gas level, biorefinery...
Graphene has revolutionized the field of energy and storage sectors. Out of the total number of nosocomial infections diagnosed all around the world, the majority of the cases (around 70%) are found to be due to the medical device or assistance utilized while treating the patient. Combating these diseases is vital as they cause a nuisance to the pa...
Biogas generation using food waste anaerobic co-digestion with activated sludge provides a cleaner addressable system, an excellent solution to global challenges, the increasing energy demands, fuel charges, pollution and wastewater treatment. Regardless of the anaerobic digestate end product values, the technology lacks efficiency and process inst...
Nanoplastics are drawing more attention as a result of their propensity to spread across the environment and pose a threat to all organisms. The presence of nanoplastics in water is given more attention nowadays as the transit of nanoplastics occurs through the aquatic ecosphere besides terrestrial mobility. The principal removal procedures for mac...
Microplastics in personal care and food products are given much importance globally due to the adverse impact of microplastics on living beings. In the present study, microplastics from ten different commercially sold toothpaste in India were extracted by vacuum filtration and characterized with microscopic and Fourier-transform infrared spectrosco...
The word biofuel is here referred to as liquid or gas fuel mainly derived from biomass for the transport sector. There are many reasons why biofuels are viewed by both developed and industrialized countries as important technologies. These include reasons related to energy supply, climate, foreign exchange savings, and rural socio-economic issues....
Biogas production is the most important requirement for substituting fossil fuel in an eco-friendly manner. Though several routes of renewable energy sources are available, biogas generation occupies an irreplaceable position due to huge lignocellulosic biomass availability. Hence, researchers worldwide are attempting on a large scale to develop lo...
In the present study, Glochidion candolleanum (Wight & Arn.) Chakrab. & M. Gangop. leaf (GCL)-ethyl acetate extract was used for the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and subjected to antibacterial assay with G+ve and G-ve bacteria. The GCL·AgNPs synthesized were characterized through various spectroscopic and microscopic analyses, whi...
With the present climate change and increasing world population, there is an urgent need to discover creative, efficient, and cost-effective natural products for the benefit of humanity. Biosurfactants are produced by various microorganisms that have several distinct properties compared to other synthetic surfactants, including mild production cond...
Microplastic (MP), as a pollutant, is currently posing a biological hazard to the aquatic environment. The study aims to isolate, quantify, and characterize the MP pollutants in sediment samples from 14 study sites at Kaveri River, Killa Chinthamani, Tiruchirappalli, South India. With Sediment-MP Isolation (SMI) unit, density separation was done wi...
Hazardous coir industrial waste, coir pith has been subjected to 50 days vermicomposting with Eudrilus eugeniae by amending nitrogenous legume plant, Gliricidia sepium together with cattle dung in different combinations, after 21 days precomposting using Pleurotus sajor-caju spawn. An increase in electrical conductivity, total NPK and calcium, and...
To meet the rising demand for biofuel, food, and feed, as well as pharmaceuticals, microalgal-based biorefinery systems provide various advantages. Because of the worldwide energy crises, the future of microalgal biorefinery is attentively receiving prominence. Despite being renewable and carbon–neutral, microalgal-based technology produces net CO2...
The present investigation has been carried out to utilize waste animal (Ox) bone for the progress of an innovative, low-budget, pollution free, and extremely resourceful heterogeneous catalyst synthesis for Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) conversion into biodiesel. The heterogeneous catalyst synthesized was characterized by its basic strength and subject...
The present study proposes a system for co-composting food waste and poultry manure amended with rice husk biochar at different doses (0, 3, 5, 10%, w/w), saw dust, and salts. The effect of rice husk biochar on the characteristics of final compost was evaluated through stabilization indices such as electrical conductivity, bulk density, total poros...
Wood with many of its useful components builds and supports the flora, besides having a commercial significance.
Coatings on the wood are used to preserve it from degradation by physical, chemical, and biological
attacks, and this attribute is considered as a barrier property. Latter due to commercialization, the nonpermeability
to volatile substan...
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO·NPs) biosynthesized from plant extracts is emerging nanotechnology for medical and environmental applications. In the current study, the leaf extract of a medicinal plant, Abrus precatorius was used as a reducing agent for CuO·NPs biosynthesis and the formation of NPs was confirmed with various techniques. CuO·NPs (0...
Engine oil consists of hazardous substances that adversely affect the environment and soil quality. Bioremedi-ation (employing organisms) is an appropriate technique to mitigate engine oil pollution. In the present study, the earthworm species, Drawida modesta (epigeic) and Lampito mauritii (anecic) were used to restore the soil polluted with polyc...
The prominent characteristics of the biochar, high porosity, sorption capacity with low density improve the aeration, making it a desirable amendment material for composting process. The composting efficiency was analysed by the impact of rice husk biochar amendment (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) in the presence of salts for the co-composting of food wast...
The present investigation has been carried out to utilize waste animal (Ox) bone for the progress of an innovative , low-budget, pollution free, and extremely resourceful heterogeneous catalyst synthesis for Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) conversion into biodiesel. The heterogeneous catalyst synthesized was characterized by its basic strength and subjec...
Fossil fuel resources and greenhouse gas emissions have become a global concern due to depletion and environmental degradation, respectively, in recent years. The advancement of the bioethanol industry as a fuel replacement is rapidly growing worldwide. Bioethanol production is considered as one of the most likely alternatives for the petroleum-bas...
The rising global population and their food habits result in food wastage and cause an obstacle in its treatment and disposal. Due to the rapid shift in the lifestyle of the human population and urbanization, almost one-third of the food produced is wasted from various sectors like domestic sources, agricultural sectors, and industrial sectors. The...
Surface and water bodies in many parts of the world are affected due to eutrophication, contamination and depletion. The approach of wastewater treatment using algae for eliminating nutrients and other pollutants from domestic wastewater is growing interest among the researchers. However, sustainable treatment of the wastewater is considered to be...
Fungi produce enzymes that degrade the complex lignin thereby enabling the efficient utilization of plant lignocellulosic biomass in the production of biofuel and cellulose-based products. In the present study, the agricultural residues such as paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut husk were used as substrates for the biodegradation by Asperg...
Because of their intrinsic potential to produce metabolic effects on the human body at smaller concentrations, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a distinct category of emerging environmental pollutants. Due to their widespread intake, limited metabolic capacity, and indecorous disposal, PPCPs pollutants are commonly found in wa...
Because of rapid development in the livestock industry, the production of chicken manure has subsequently increased, which may contribute to environmental pollution. In this regard, in-vessel composting of biochar amended chicken manure and sawdust mixtures was investigated to find out the effect of biochar at the ratios of 0% (control), 3% (T1), 5...
The management of organic wastes is given much attention due to their enormous generation leading to environmental pollution and human health risks. Aerobic and anaerobic methods of waste treatment are considered viable alternative methods for reducing the risk of organic pollution loads in the environment. Though traditional composting and anaerob...
The industrial revolution and indiscriminate usage of a wide spectrum of agrochemicals account for the dumping of heavy metals in the environment. In-situ/ex-situ physicochemical, and bioremediation strategies with pros and cons have been adopted for recovering metal contaminated soils and water. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for a cost...
Earthworms are known to reclaim soil contamination and maintain soil health. In the present study, the concentration of DTPA extractable heavy metals, Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn in vermicasts and tissues of the earthworms (anecic: Lampito mauritii; epigeic: Drawida sulcata) collected from the soils of four different industrial sites, Site-I (Sago indus...
While the technologies available today can generate high-quality water from wastewater, the majority of the wastewater treatment plants are not intended to eliminate emerging xenobiotic pollutants, pharmaceutical and personal care items. Most endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and personal care products (PPCPs) are more arctic than most regulate...
Recently, much research has been carried out to find a suitable catalyst for the transesterification process during biodiesel production where heterogeneous catalysts play a crucial role. As homogenous catalysts present drawbacks such as slow reaction rate, high-cost due to the use of food grade oils, problems associated with separation process, an...
With rising urban sprawl, the rural villages are getting transformed into urban villages and land constraints are increasing in cities, so it is difficult to designate land for farming. In this case for ensuring food security, innovative technologies like vertical indoor farming through vermiponics and aquaponics can be an alternative option for ur...
Biotransformation of monogastric (Elephas maximus) and ruminant (Bos taurus) excrements with Eudrilus eugeniae was assessed by establishing five different treatments in triplicate: 100% elephant dung (T1), 50% elephant dung + 50% garden soil (T2), 50% elephant dung + 50% cow dung (T3), 100% cow dung (T4) and 50% cow dung + 50% garden soil (T5) and...
The invasive weed, Ipomoea staphylina (IS) with cow dung (CD) and mushroom spent straw (MS) in four different combinations (IS:CD:MS), V1 (1:1:0), V2 (2:1:1), V3 (1:0:1) and V4 (1:1:1) were pre-decomposed for 21 days followed by 50 days vermicomposting using Eudrilus eugeniae in triplicates in order to alleviate and to utilize the weed biomass in a...
Microplastics (MPs) are one of the marine debris, accumulated in the ocean as a result of the successive breakdown of a large piece of plastics over several years. MPs are about less than 5 mM, have a detrimental impact on marine organisms/products (seafood/sea salts) and therefore they are considered as a global environmental pollutant. The occurr...
Vermitransformation of coir pith (CP) into enriched vermifertilizer has been achieved by amending a green-manure plant, Sesbania sesban (SS) for the first time, and cow dung (CD) in five different combinations: T1(1:0:1), T2(4:3:3), T3(5:3:2), T4(5:4:1) and T5(1:1:0). The substrates were 28 days precomposted with Pleurotus sajor-caju followed by 50...
The current review reports the importance and significance of cattle solid waste in vermicomposting technology concerning biowaste pollution in the environment. Needy increasing population evokes livestock production resulting in the massive generation of livestock wastes, especially cattle dung. Improper disposal and handling of biowastes originat...
Water supply around the globe is struggling to meet the rapidly increasing demand by the population, drastic changes in climate and degrading water quality. Even though, many large-scale methods are employed for wastewater treatment they display several negative impacts owing to the presence of pollutants. Technological innovation is required for i...
h i g h l i g h t s g r a p h i c a l a b s t r a c t A significant amount of heavy metals were bioaccumulated in epigeic earthworms. Vermicasts contain permissible limits of heavy metals. Humic substances stimulate the ion exchange process in heavy metals. Metallothionein attracts heavy metal ions and triggers the detoxification process. a b s t r...
Purpose
Recovering the nutrients from organic solid residues is an ever demanding approach in terms of eco-friendly management. In this study, the efficiency of the earthworms, Perionyx ceylanensis and Perionyx excavatus in recycling and recovering plant nutrients from urban and agricultural biomass residues was investigated.
Methods
Vermicomposti...
Pesticides have become an inseparable part of modern agricultural production and technology. Malathion pesticide more than 139,000 MT production capacity annually, with more than 219 technical grade and manufacturing units, and over 4000 formulation units in India. The earthworm survey was carried out in all the five sites at regular monthly interv...
Microbial production of xylanase is gaining the commercial importance, due to its wide range of applications from paper and pulp to food and feed industries. Streptomyces geysiriensis was used for the production of extracellular xylanase from lignocellulosic substrates such as rice bran and saw dust, under solid state fermentation. The influence of...
Questions
Questions (13)
I have observed among the population of Croton bonplandianus near Salem City, Tamil Nadu India with distinct yellow veined variegated leaves. What is the reason for this kind of variation in the leaves of some plants while the other populations remain green?
This is a climbing shrub grown in houses for the fragrant flowers in Salem, South India. I request the expert members for the species id of this Jasminum.
Thank you.
I am attaching the photos of a Rubiaceae member for identification which I have taken from Oddanchatram, Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu, India.
I request the specialists to identify the plant.
Thank you.
Some one has added our publications to his RG profile in place of the actual co-author, due to name and initial matching. For example, Rameshkumar Nagaraj (R. Nagaraj) in place of Raju Nagaraj (R. Nagaraj, the actual author). I have tried to remove the co-author from my RG profile publication lists, but failed. Because of this, the authors who have originally contributed for the article is suffering to add their publications in their RG profile. Pl. guide me how to remove such unknown co-authors who has joined with our publications as co-author due to name and initial similarity.
