Natalia Jimeno

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• MD, PhD
• Professor at University of Valladolid

Excelentísimo Sr. Presidente, Ilustrísimas autoridades, Señoras y Señores. Es martes 20 de abril de 1993 poco antes de las 11:30 horas. Un hombre de mediana edad, pelo canoso, mirada amable y andar firme cruza el vestíbulo de la Facultad de Medicina de Valladolid. Se dirige al ala oeste y sube a la tercera planta. Entra en la entonces llamada Sala...

La mejor manera de adentrarse en el conocimiento del lenguaje es a través del análisis de las muestras de habla que manifiestan los seres humanos en sus interacciones orales. En Envejecimiento y lenguaje. Corpus de muestras de habla de personas con deterioro cognitivo leve en entrevistas estructuradas, los autores reúnen en un corpus de entrevistas...

Language impairments often appear in patients with schizophrenia and are potential targets for rehabilitation. Clinical practice and research should be intimately connected. The aim was to perform a narrative review of the assessment and intervention tools that have been used for the rehabilitation of schizophrenia patients with language and commun...

Hallucinations are considered characteristic symptoms of psychosis and part of the ‘psychosis superspectrum’ of the Hierarchical Taxonomy Of Psychopathology (HiTOP) initiative. To gain insight into their psychopathological relevance, we studied their dimensional placement within a single dense transdiagnostic network constituting of basic symptoms...

Desde los inicios del modelo educativo del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, la formación de los estudiantes de grado tiene como fin prioritario la adquisición de unas competencias profesionales que respondan a la realidad social. La definición y adquisición de dichas competencias son esenciales para la formación continua del profesional, el d...

Cognitive deficit is one of the main prognostic predictors in schizophrenia, mainly the deficit in verbal memory. The causal relationship between substances use, substance use disorders and psychotic syndrome is probably multidirectional and still is under the possible effect of confusion factors. The Addictiveness in the Psychotic Syndrome Assessm...

Los modelos de patología dual suelen considerar a los trastornos por uso de sustancias (TUS) y al resto de trastornos mentales como dos entidades nosológicas que coinciden en una misma persona. Este estudio adopta un punto de partida diferente y estima que la adictividad sería una novena dimensión clínica independiente en los trastornos psicóticos,...

El déficit cognitivo es uno de los principales predictores pronósticos de la esquizofrenia, especialmente el déficit de la memoria verbal. La relación de causalidad entre el uso de sustancias, los trastornos por uso de sustancias y el síndrome psicótico es probablemente multidireccional y aún está sujeto a diversos posibles factores de confusión. L...

Models of dual pathology habitually consider substance-use disorders (SUD) and the rest of mental disorders as two pathological conditions coincident in a same person. This study adopts a different point of view and accept adictivity as the nineth clinical dimension in the psychotic disorders to be added to hallucinations, delusion, disorganised sp...

Weight gain is a frequent and severe adverse reaction in patients taking antipsychotics. The objective was to further investigate in a natural setting influential risk factors associated with clinically significant weight gain. An observational follow-up study was conducted. Patients when initiating treatment with whatever antipsychotic were includ...

Discurso leído por la Ilma. Señora Dra. Dª Natalia Jimeno Bulnes en el solemne acto de su recepción pública para ingresar como Académica de Número en la Real Academia de Medicina y Cirugía de Valladolid, celebrado el día 22 de noviembre de 2019, y contestación del Ilmo. Señor D. Santiago Rodríguez García, Académico de Número.

Early detection of and intervention in psychoses prior to their first episode is presently based on the symptomatic ultra-high risk and the basic symptom criteria. Current models of symptom development assume that basic symptoms develop first, followed by attenuated and, finally, frank psychotic symptoms, though interrelations of these symptoms are...

Objective: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) as a consequence of influenza vaccination is a relevant topic, yet to be clarified, which raises concern both amongst health care personnel and the general population. Every study and pharmacovigilance system point to need of further research and the importance of continuous monitoring of safety regarding i...

Introduction: Language disorders are one of the essential symptoms of schizophrenia and have great clinical relevance. Difficulties for their delimitation and evaluation include partial overlap with formal thought disorders and the heterogeneity of models and methods used to study them. The objective of this paper is to review and compare the tests...

When adjusting for the disease, antidepressants were associated with a statistically significant risk of suicide attempt; also non-opioid analgesics. As expected, antipsychotics do not appear related to this problem, rather they appeared as protective factors; neither opioids analgesics.

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This paper analyzes some dimensions of verbal fluency in a sample of 50 clinical interviews conducted with people diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia and first episode, from the perspective of clinical linguistics applied to psychiatry. We propose to determine if there are differences in the verbal fluidity dimensions studied between both groups o...

Introduction: Language disorders are one of the essential symptoms of schizophrenia and have great clinical relevance. Difficulties for their delimitation and evaluation include partial overlap with formal thought disorders and the heterogeneity of models and methods used to study them. The objective of this paper is to review and compare the tests...

En los últimos años ha cobrado especial relevancia incrementar los conocimientos acerca de las capacidades lingüístico-comunicativas de la población con una edad superior a 65 años. Esto es debido a que España es uno de los países con mayor prevalencia de población envejecida. Los cambios biológicos, psicológicos y sociales que se producen en este...

This paper analyzes some dimensions of verbal fluency in a sample of 50 clinical interviews conducted with people diagnosed with chronic schizophrenia and first episode, from the perspective of clinical linguistics applied to psychiatry. We propose to determine if there are differences in the verbal fluidity dimensions studied between both groups o...

Resumen En esta investigación se analizan algunas dimensiones de la fluidez verbal en una muestra de 50 entrevistas clínicas realizadas a personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia crónica y de primer episodio, desde la perspectiva de la lingüística clínica aplicada a la psiquiatría. Específicamente se propone determinar si existen diferencias en la...

Background/aims: Cenesthopathy is mainly associated with schizophrenia; however, its neurobiological basis is nowadays unclear. The general objective was to explore clinical correlates of cenesthopathy and subjective cognitive complaints in schizophrenia. Methods: Participants (n = 30) meeting DSM-IV criteria for psychotic disorder were recruite...

Introduction Basic symptoms are subjective complaints that present at the early states in psychotic disorders and persist in the long-term. They can be studied using hetero applied clinical instruments or self-administered questionnaires. Basic symptoms can be useful as screening tools in at risk populations. Aims To determine if basic symptoms (s...

RESUMEN: El incesante cambio en las formas de enseñanza-aprendizaje requiere el diseño de estrategias innovadoras en las aulas universitarias y la identificación de buenas prácticas docentes. La titulación de Logopedia de la Universidad de Valladolid ha desarrollado diversas acciones para fomentar la movilidad internacional de estudiantes y profeso...

Million people committed suicides every year worldwide - rates are higher in men than in women; there are an estimated 10 to 20 million non-fatal suicide attempts. There have been speculations about drugs being involved in suicide; in particular, psychotropic drugs. A total of 560 cases of suicide attempts and 1120 controls were identified; no diff...

RESUMEN El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior requiere que los docentes universitarios desarrollen una serie de competencias para poder abordar con éxito las exigencias de los nuevos planteamientos en materia docente de las actuales titulaciones. El grado de Logopedia de la Universidad de Valladolid participa en el Programa Intensivo (IP) desde...

Introduction. El aumento de peso es una de las reacciones adversas más preocupantes de los antipsicóticos atípicos por el riesgo cardiovascular que entraña, entre otros aspectos. El objetivo principal es conocer la evolución del peso e índice de masa corporal a los 6 meses asociada al tratamiento inicial con antipsicóticos en condiciones reales de...

HYPNOTICS AND MORTALITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LITERATURE Carvajal A., Velasco V., Salado I., Jime´nez Serranı´a M., Trecen˜o C., Martı´n Arias L.M., Molina V., Jimeno N. Centro de Estudios sobre la Seguridad de los Medicamentos (CESME), Universidad de Valladolid, Spain Objective: To assess the mortality risk associated with hypnotic use and ident...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most diagnosed behavioural disorder in children and adolescents; prevalence has been estimated around 5%. Studies have shown an increase in the use of ADHD medications during the last years. The aim of the present study was to learn the pattern and the evolution of ADHD medication consumption i...

Introduction Social cognition is presently an important focus in rehabilitation of patients wish schizophrenic psychoses. Emotion recognition in one of its different components, the Training of Affect Recognition (TAR) is a therapy program specifically developed aiming at improving affect recognition. Objectives To test if the material of the TAR...

Se establece una cohorte de pacientes con esquizofrenia que toman por primera vez tratamiento con fármacos antipsicóticos, con la finalidad de estudiar las posibles complicaciones que pueden plantear estos fármacos.

En el contexto de la importancia cada vez mayor que tiene la cognición social en el estudio de la esquizofrenia, exponemos la puesta en marcha de un proyecto de reconocimiento facial de las emociones a través de un avatar. En una muestra de 20 pacientes se recogen las repuestas a emociones expresadas por el avatar.

Aims Drug-induced psychosis and drug abuse/dependence in schizophrenia are new clinical problems due to the increasing prevalence of drug consumption in this population. the objective is to know if the abuse/dependence of illegal drugs may influence the duration of acute hospitalization in schizophrenia. Method It was conducted a retrospective coh...

Aims Verbal memory and processing speed are two of the proposed neurocognitive predictors in schizophrenia. the objective is to determinate neurocognitive predictors of functioning in one five years follow-up period on ambulatory schizophrenia patients. Method We conduct one cohort study on 30 schizophrenia out-patients (19 male; age mean: 32.8 ye...

First it all it is pointed out the relevance of defectual symptoms in psychotic patients, especially those suffering from schizophrenia, but also from organic dementia. Following the school of G. Huber (Bonn, Germany) a conceptualization and a schema of the different neuropsychological levels of these symptoms are presented. It is also showed their...

We analyzed time series generated by 20 schizophrenic patients and 20 sex- and age-matched control subjects using three nonlinear methods of time series analysis as test statistics: central tendency measure (CTM) from the scatter plots of first differences of data, approximate entropy (ApEn), and Lempel-Ziv (LZ) complexity. We divided our data into...

We show a first practical experience in the Process of Teaching Adaptation to European Convergence in High Education. This project is created with the main purpose of making an adaptation of different subjects included in the Spanish Studies of Speech Therapy Degree, trying to get them closer to the European Credit of Transfer System. To make it po...

Se presenta una primera experiencia práctica en el marco del proceso de Convergencia Europea de la enseñanza. El proyecto nace con el objetivo de adaptar asignaturas seleccionadas del actual plan de estudios de la Titulación (Diplomatura) de Logopedia al reciente �Sistema de Transferencia de Créditos Europeos� (créditos ECTS o European Credit Trans...

The purpose of this study is the analysis of times series generated by 20 schizophrenic patients and 20 age-matched control subjects. We used two methods for quantifying the regularity and variability in the time series. These methods were the Approximate Entropy (ApEn), and a graphical representation by means of the second-order difference plots t...

Focusing on a particular feature, the ability to create random rhythms, our study is aimed at the analysis of cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia, comparing them with normal subjects. We have developed a new cognitive test using methods from nonlinear dynamical systems theory, with the objective of measuring the subject's capacity...

A new cognitive-motor, computer-administered instrument, the Random Rhythm Generation test (ARG), measured the schizophrenics' and control subjects' capacity of performing random (aleatory) rhythms. The interval frequencies between subjects' responses and chaotic dynamic attractor of the generated series, expressed in the phase space and correlatio...

This chapter presents study results on antipsychotic drugs. In one study, 1493 patients with schizophrenia recruited at 57 United States sites were randomly allocated to olanzapine (7.5–30 mg/day), perphenazine (8–32 mg/day), quetiapine (200–800 mg/day), and ziprasidone (40–160 mg/day) for up to 18 months. The main conclusion of the study was that...

The objective of this paper was to verify if a specific psychopathological profile for toxic psychoses exists. A total of 120 Spanish psychotic patients classified into three different groups were studied: toxic, schizophrenic and brief reactive psychoses, with 40 patients each. A control group of 40 normal subjects was also included. A subjective...

Self-perceived stress in 293 psychotic patients (schizophrenic, toxic and brief reactive psychoses) and a control group of 40 sane individuals was evaluated by means of the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire. For this purpose, scores obtained in 6 'complementary items' of third version of this questionnaire were studied, both in global and in detail...

Using a new scientific paradigm, chaotic-deterministic dynamics, our research group developed a new cognitive instrument which is administered by means of a computer: the Test of Random Rhythm Generation (ARG). Theoretical background and preliminary results in two young male, defectual schizophrenic patients (paranoid type) are here presented Basic...

A fine psychopathological study of 120 psychotic patients is made. Three groups are considered: toxic, schizophrenic and brief reactive psychoses, with 40 patients each. Two instruments are used: the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FBF) from Sullwold, which collects the 'basic symptoms' of psychoses, thus named among another authors by Huber and...

We present a short review of literature concerning the problem of bromocriptine-induced psychosis A case of toxic psychosis following treatment on bromocriptine in an acromegalic patient who had previously undergone hypophysectomy is also reported. On two occasions after having received low doses of bromocriptine for several months, the patient dev...

A case of chronic intoxication by trichloroethylene--it is a liquid generally used as a fat solvent--is described in a young man aged eighteen who had been inhaling it for months while he was doing his military service. Hallucinatory symptoms--visual as well as verbal ones--appear over a slightly confusional basis but he also suffers from several p...

The objective of this study was the assessment of neuropsychological performance in a sample of schizophrenic patients using a new computer-administered instrument, the Test of Random Rhythm Generation (ARG). The test was applied to a group of 20 DSM-IV schizophrenic patients (SG) and 20 sex- and age-matched controls (CG). The Positive and Negative...

The objective of this study was the assessment of neuropsychological performance in a sample of schizophrenic patients using a new computer-administered instrument, the Test of Random Rhythm Generation (ARG). The test was applied to a group of 20 DSM-IV schizophrenic patients (SG) and 20 sex- and age-matched controls (CG). The Positive and Negative...