Naresh Nebhinani

• MD, DNB
• Professor at All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur

Introduction Surgical procedures in children involve significant psychological traumatic stress leading to the development of psychologic distress and dysfunction after surgery. Pediatric medical traumatic stress (PMTS) ensues from negative medical experiences which is a trauma that can have a devastating effect on children and their families. Awar...

Background India is undergoing a significant demographic shift with a growing older population, leading to an anticipated increase in people with dementia. Family caregivers, who are predominantly informal, carry the burden of care within households, facing numerous challenges that impact their well-being. Despite the cultural emphasis on family su...

Background There is lack of data on bipolar disorder (BD) type II from India. Aim To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with BD-I and BD-II using the data of the Bipolar Disorder Course and Outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study). Methodology Using the data of the BiD-CoIN study, patients with BD-I and BD-II were c...

Background Understanding pathways to dual diagnosis (DD) care will help organize DD services and facilitate training and referral across healthcare sectors. Aim The aim of our study was to characterize the stepwise healthcare and other contacts among patients with DD, compare the characteristics of the first contact persons with common mental diso...

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) experience abounding physical and mental exhaustion mandating a deliverable solution for their mental health care. Kriya yoga (KY) includes several relaxation techniques and offers a stress‐alleviating experience. The objective signature of KY benefits needs to be investigated. Aim: To study the effects of KY...

Background and Aims Assessment of the severity of substance use disorders (SUDs) in a culture-sensitive manner can help gauge the current condition of the substance user and assess change with time. The present study aimed to develop a scale for the assessment of the severity of SUDs in the Indian clinical context. Methods Based upon the review of...

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess serum trace element (TE) concentrations, TNF-α gene expression, protein levels in schizophrenia (SZ) patients, and their correlation with disease severity measured by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. Forty SZ cases and 40 healthy controls aged 18–60 were recruited. Forty (n = 40) cases...

BACKGROUND The interaction between people and advanced information and communication technologies results in behavioral addictions, one of them is nomophobia. In a health care setting, nurses constitute a significant proportion of healthcare workers. Therefore, discovering the level of nomophobia and its impact on constructs such as mindfulness and...

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are among the leading causes of morbidity in the population. In low- and medium-income countries like India, there is a wide treatment gap for SUD. A multicentric study on the care pathways for SUD in India can help to understand service provision, service utilization, and challenges to improve existing S...

Background The Suicidal Narrative Inventory (SNI) is a 38-item self-report measure developed to assess elements of the suicidal narrative, a subacute, predominantly cognitive, presuicidal construct. Our objectives were to assess the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the SNI-38 among adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods...

Background: The revised Suicide Crisis Inventory (SCI)-2 is a self-report measure to assess the suicide crisis syndrome (SCS). We aimed to assess the factor structure, reliability, and validity of SCI-2 among adults with major depression. Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, between November 2021 and August 2022, the Hindi SCI-2, along with ot...

Affective disorders in children and adolescents generally have a severe course of the illness, higher suicidal behavior, and adverse effect on overall development and life course. Presentation of pediatric depression and bipolar is usually different from adults, leading to longer delays in help-seeking and effective management. This narrative revie...

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the disability and its correlates in persons with Bipolar Disorder during the remission phase. Materials and Methods As part of the multicentric study, 773 patients with bipolar disorder, currently in clinical remission, were evaluated for disability on the Indian Disability Assessment Evaluation Scale. Results Ab...

Background There are limited number of studies evaluating insight among patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Aim This study aimed to examine insight and its correlates in BD using the data from the multicenter BD course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN). The additional aim was to evaluate the insight in patients with BD using different scale...

Background and aim: There is limited literature on the prevalence of mixed features in patients with depression, especially from countries in Asia. Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of "mixed features" in patients with first-episode depression. Materials and methods: Patients with first-episode depression were evaluated for the presence of...

A BSTRACT Background and Objectives The literature is limited on correlates of psychological well-being among Indian medical undergraduates. The study aimed to assess the psychological well-being, life satisfaction, self-efficacy, positive state of mind, and emotions among first-year medical undergraduates. Materials and Methods It was a cross-se...

A BSTRACT Implementing Bhagavad Gita in day-to-day practice will facilitate in developing a culturally acceptable form of psychotherapy, which would be possibly more appealing and effective in the Indian context. This narrative review focuses on Bhagavad Gita with the aim to outline its utility in day-to-day psychotherapeutic practices. The article...

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is often found to be comorbid with bipolar disorder (BD) in children and adolescents. Both disorders are characterized by chronic irritability, emotional dysregulation, and behavioral problems. These overlapping symptoms often lead to diagnostic difficulty. In addition, ODD-BD comorbidity also presents multiple t...

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of subjective cognitive complaints and their association with clinical variables, insight, and disability. Methodology: Seven hundred and seventy-three subjects with bipolar disorder (BD), recruited across 14 centers, currently in the euthymic phase were cross-sectionally evaluated on Cognitive Co...

Schizophrenia is one of the major neuropsychiatric disorders affecting 1% of the population worldwide. Neuroinflammation, neurodevelopment, and oxidative stress are some of the crucial factors that can contribute to the pathogenesis of Schizophrenia. Klotho gene is an antiaging gene whose dysregulated expression can lead to Schizophrenia and aging-...

Symposium

Objectives Patients with schizophrenia have shortened life expectancy due to greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Due to sparse data, index study was planned to assess the CVD risk factors, vascular age (VA), and hematological parameters in patients with schizophrenia and the concordance between Framingham Risk Score (FRS) for lipids and body...

Objectives Enhancement of quality of life and social support havebecome important therapeutic goals among people living with HIV. However, research from developing countries is sparse in this area. Index study was aimed to assess association of social support, coping, and quality of life with psychological morbidity among people living with HIV. M...

Objectives Delay in institution of appropriate mental healthcare is closely linked with attitudes, stigma, and availability of services, which further directs the help seeking pathways. This study was aimed to assess the pathway of care and attitudes toward psychotropic medications among patients with depressive disorder and psychotic disorders. M...

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) and its association with the course and outcome of bipolar disorder (BD). Materials and methods: A total of 773 patients with BD were recruited from 14 centers in different parts of India, and they were evaluated for the prevalence of comorbid substance dependence, course and outcom...

Background and aim: Pandemic and consequent lockdowns are likely to affect the drug market by the sudden disruption of the supply chain. We explored the change in the availability, access, purity, and pricing during lockdown from respondents seeking treatment for drugs, alcohol, and tobacco dependence. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional su...

Objective: To assess user perception regarding different aspects of the telepsychiatry process. Methods: This cross-sectional survey study was conducted between July and September 2020 with follow-up patients attending teleconsultation at a tertiary care center (N = 108). The online survey included questions about the user's experience such as the...

Objective: To explore the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated lockdown on patients with psychiatric illness. Methods: An online survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted among patients receiving follow-up treatment at a tertiary care center from January to March 2020. The data were collect...

Neuropsychiatric disorders are comprised of diseases having both the neurological and psychiatric manifestations. The increasing burden of the disease on the population worldwide makes it necessary to adopt measures to decrease the prevalence. The Klotho is a single pass transmembrane protein that decreases with age, has been associated with variou...

Background Exposure to addictive substances commonly occurs during childhood and adolescence and it adds more adverse consequences in life course. However, evidence is scarce for management of substance use disorders in this population. Methods We searched for published literature of previous 10 years on PubMed, Cochrane database, and Google Schol...

Aim: To evaluate the risk factors associated with lifetime suicide attempts in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. Methodology: 773 BD patients with a duration of illness of at least ten years, currently in clinical remission, were evaluated for suicidal attempts in their lifetime. Those with and without lifetime suicide attempt(s) were compared for...

Purpose This study was aimed to assess knowledge regarding RLS among medical teachers and medical students. Method ‘Knowledge about RLS (K-RLS)’ questionnaire was developed, validated and used to assess knowledge of study participants about RLS. It was applied to 50 medical teachers likely to get patients with RLS in addition to 324 undergraduate...

Substance use disorders are known to be associated with inflammation. However, the dynamics of inflammatory cytokines and microRNA in chronic opium use is yet unexplored. The current study determined the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and immune-regulatory miR-155 and miR-187 expressions in chronic opioid use disorder. Adults (...

Background Delirium is a common occurrence in medically compromised adults, but. research is limited in the pediatric population especially from low- and middle-income. countries such as India. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the emergence of delirium in children aged 5-18. years admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary c...

Background: The unprecedented first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted mental health services globally. However, the negative impact of such disruptions on people with substance use disorders (SUD) seeking treatment remains unclear. We aim to explore the behaviors adopted by these individuals to overcome the service disruptions. Mate...

Background and Objectives Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have greater psychological morbidity, despite that research in this area is scarce from developing countries. This study was aimed to assess the association of quality of life, social support, coping strategies, and psychological morbidity in patients with RA. Materials and Methods I...

There exists lack of readiness and challenges for the medical faculty to teach online. During COVID-19 pandemic, the need for constant support and training the faculty at different levels for the online teaching platform has been unanimously felt. Thus, identifying challenges of faculty and their needs is useful to achieve positive learning outcome...

Background There is limited literature on stress management interventions targeting Indian medical undergraduates. With this background, the study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of stress management intervention on perceived stress, coping and burnout amongst first-year medical undergraduates. Methods It was a quasi-experiment...

Introduction: The COVID‑19 Pandemic has caused anxiety and stress among people. Nursing students, being an important link in the delivery of health care services, are always exposed to stressful situations which in turn put a great toll on their mental health. Moreover, the perceived risk of pandemics motivates people to embrace different protectiv...

COVID-19 has adversely affected the lives of people with bipolar disorder (BD). We have reported three patients with BD, who suffered from relapse after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Patient X is a 54-year-old man who developed manic episode, while Y is a 63-year-old man and Z is a 52-year-old woman who developed severe depression after being hosp...

Background and Objectives Stress, burnout, and coping have been found to be interlinked with each other. Several adverse psychological outcomes have been associated with stress and burnout. Improving coping can decrease the stress and burnout. There is limited literature on perceived stress, coping, and burnout among first-year medical undergraduat...

Background and Objectives Stress, burnout, and coping have been found to be interlinked with each other. Several adverse psychological outcomes have been associated with stress and burnout. Improving coping can decrease the stress and burnout. There is limited literature on perceived stress, coping, and burnout among first-year medical undergraduat...

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of unipolar mania (UM) in a group of patients of bipolar disorder (BD). Additionally, effort was made to evaluate the demographic, clinical and treatment related factors, which distinguish subjects of UM from BD. Methodology: Seven hundred and seventy-three patients with BD, of at least 10 years d...

The current study determined levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and immune-regulatory miR-155 and miR-187 expressions in chronic opiate abuse. Adults (n = 48), meeting the 5th Edition of the DSM criteria regarding opioid use disorder, and healthy controls (n = 46) were included in the study. Serum samples were analysed for inflamma...

Aim To explore the prevalence of residual symptoms (both depressive and manic) and their correlates in subjects with bipolar disorder in clinical remission. Methodology This multicentric cross-sectional study included patients in clinical remission recruited across the 14 centers. The patients were evaluated on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale...

Aim This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the predominant polarity (PP) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and the factors associated with PP. Methodology For this study, 773 participants with at least 10 years of illness, were recruited from 14 centres, were evaluated using the National Institute of Mental Health- Retrospective Life Char...

Essentials of psychiatry in dermatology and aesthetic practice will indeed add value to the everyday practice. The entire book is conceptualized in manner that professionals should find it easy to use the information in enhancing comprehensive services. More than two dozen well know professionals across India have joined hands to make this book use...

Schizophrenia is a chronic serious neuropsychiatric disorder with a prevalence of 1% worldwide. Neurogenic locus NOTCH homolog protein 4 known as the NOTCH4 gene is located on chromosome 6p. NOTCH4 protein is a transmembrane protein that plays a major role in cell signaling pathways and cell differentiation. NOTCH4 SNP rs367398 is located in the ge...

Background and Objectives Despite the easy acceptability and holistic nature of Kriya yoga, there are no studies evaluating the role of Kriya yoga intervention on depression. The objective of the current study was to assess the feasibility and effect of adjunctive Kriya yoga on depression. Methods Patients with major depressive disorder who opted f...

Wellness is a concept of optimal well-being, an essential component for medical students at the personal and professional level. While medical education and healthcare service demand an efficient coping reservoir and resilience, but greater burnout and psychological morbidity is being reported among medical students. Responsibility to address the c...

Bipolar Disorder Course and Outcome Study from India (BiD-CoIN study): Sample Description & Methods

Aim To evaluate the prescription pattern of patients with BD, currently in clinical remission. Additional aim of the study was tocompare the prescription pattern across different study centres. Methodology Prescription of 773 patients, currently in clinical remission, recruited from the outpatient setting of 14 General Hospital Tertiary Care Units...

Objective: The aim is to study the knowledge and attitude of medical undergraduate students regarding obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study involved 324 medical undergraduate students in clinical semesters. Knowledge and attitude regarding adult OSA were assessed using the obstructive sleep apnea knowle...

Objectives This multicentric study from India aimed to evaluate the long term course and outcome of bipolar disorder (BD). Method Seven hundred and seventy-three participants diagnosed with BD, attending 14 outpatient clinic centers across the country, were evaluated using the National Institute of Mental Health- Retrospective Life Charts to asses...

Objective This study was aimed to assess correlates of MS in patients with depression. Methodology: Three hundred eighty-two patients with depressive disorders were assessed for the prevalence of MS by using modified National Cholesterol Education Program- Adult Treatment Panel-III criteria (NCEP ATP-III). Their illness severity, functionality, phy...

Objectives Medical students are future physicians, and their attitude toward suicide attempters can impact outcome of patient management and quality of care. This study aimed to assess the effects of brief educational intervention on medical students' attitude toward suicide prevention. Materials and Methods The prospective study was conducted at a...

Background Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is a form of acute dystonia characterized by sustained dystonic, conjugate, and upward deviation of the eyes. It was initially reported in patients with postencephalitic parkinsonism. But later, other factors such as medications, movement disorders, metabolic disorders, and focal brain lesions were also found to b...

Background and aims People with diabetes have multiple psychosocial issues related to diabetes and its complications and this may be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We reviewed the psychological adaptative difficulties in people with diabetes especially during natural disasters including the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic. Results...

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder affecting 1% of the world population. Disturbances in neuronal development and synaptic connections are important factors in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family, plays a critical role in the development of neurons. Among...

Introduction Animal models of depression have reported elevated levels of T helper 17 (Th17) and T helper 1 (Th1) cells along with a decrease in T regulatory (Treg) cell percentage. However, there is ambiguity in the results of clinical studies investigating Th17 cells in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). No studies have investigated the role of Int...

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is commonly reported in patients with severe mental illness including schizophrenia, but data is sparse from north-western India. The study was aimed to assess the metabolic profile in patients with schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls (N = 55 in each group) were recruited from psychiatric outpatie...

Introduction: To mitigate the spread of the pandemic coronavirus infection (COVID-19), governments across the world have adopted "lockdowns" which have confined many individuals to their homes. This disrupts normal life routines, elements of which are important circadian cues. The pandemic is also associated with new stressors, altered roles, and...

There is a need to synthesize available information on the emerging construct of cyberchondria to guide evidence informed practice. With this in mind, electronic search of databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect and Google scholar were carried out from inception till March 2020 to identify relevant English language p...

We are in the midst of an unprecedented phase in the history of medical education: lecture classes and clinical postings cancelled, exams postponed and undergraduate students asked to be at home There is uncertainty over when things are going to return to earlier routines. Under the circumstances it is suggested that the medical students could adop...