Nalin Bharti

• Indian Institute of Technology Patna

India has negotiated comprehensive economic partnership agreements (CEPAs) with highly industrialized giants, Japan and South Korea, aiming to unlock significant trade potential. However, a crucial question remains: How significantly have these regional trade agreements advanced after a decade of enforcement, and what impact are they having on glob...

Technical non-tariff measures (NTMs) represent a commonly employed set of trade policy tools with well-documented implications for international trade. However, this study seeks to delve deeper into the underlying factors shaping these trade effects, focusing specifically on Indian exports to the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). Thi...

India’s transport sector is constantly evolving, owing to rapid urbanization, increased pollution, and burgeoning population. In India, transportation is one of the major contributors of air pollution. For this, Electric vehicles (EVs) might serve the purpose of mitigating air pollution by advancing decarbonization of transportation. Nevertheless,...

Patent protection emerged as one of the most challenging barriers to the access to medicines, medical equipment, and vaccines as well for the treatment and containment of Covid‐19 when it became a pandemic. The severe scarcity of vaccines and pharmaceutical products were weakening the fight against Covid‐19, and endeavor to contain the recurrence o...

Technical Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs), have seen a steady rise as a choice of trade policy instrument, worldwide. Given that South-South trade has seen a rapid rise over the last decade, there is a lack of studies investigating the impact of these measures in the South-South context. The paper analyzes the impact of these measures on South-South tra...

Abstract: This study explores the growing complexity and controversies in agri- trade between India and Australia. India being one of the leading consumer markets offers unique trade opportunities for Australia and Australia being one of the most advanced economies offers many agri- trade prospects for India. This study provides empirical evidence...

“Energy mix” is the combination of different primary energy resources, i.e., coal or natural gas to produce secondary energy for direct use, i.e., electricity. There is a rising demand–supply gap in energy demand of Indian cities due to its expanding urbanization and requires revamping cities energy-mix for inclusive growth and resilience to climat...

The ambitious target of 450 Gigawatt (GW) of installed capacity of renewable energy by 2030 will trigger India’s vision of ‘Green growth’ and ‘Self-reliance’. The Smart Grid project, Digital India and Solar Parks envisions to improve energy accessibility and affordability for home-grown energy and to depend less on other countries or non-renewable...

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected GDP growth, trade, foreign direct investment (FDI), government revenue, level of poverty, and inequality all over the world, including the South Asia region. Since the existing studies confirm the positive role of trade facilitation in increasing GDP growth, trade, welfare, FDI, government revenu...

Affordable access to medicines is a key determinant of a country's resilience to health crises. The modern hyper-connected international trade and production networks have a vital role to play in ensuring this accessibility, especially in the context of a pandemic. This article focuses on the medicines and medical equipment and analyses the synergi...

India was a dialogue partner in RCEP negotiations since the dialogue process formally launched in 2012. However, India backed out of the negotiations in November 2019. This has led to an intense debate over the gain vs. loss for India, and, whether India's decision to exit was a rational one. This study investigates this decision by examining how t...

The literature on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI)–bilateral trade relationship argues that trade improves significantly with an increase in logistics excellence. The present study extends this evidence by adopting a country-size approach. We proxy a country’s size by its population. Existing literature suggests that small countries perform be...

Sharing is an age-old concept and has triggered the unprecedented prospects for collaborative consumption across the globe. The famous brands like Airbnb, BlaBlaCar, Uber, eBay and Lyft have transformed the business landscape on the fundamentals of ‘availability, accessibility and affordability’ in a resource-constrained environment for the poor. B...

The COVID-19 has posed a real threat to global trade as the forecast shows an unprecedented decline of trade in 2020. In such a situation, trade facilitation (TF) has been considered as an effective strategy to revive trade. However, primary questions emerge - what extent pandemic would affect exports and how much improvement in TF is needed for re...

The paper tries to conceptually assess the importance of PPP (public private partnership) in mitigating the infrastructure finance gap in India, also considering Budget 2021-22 and privatization.

India’s import dependency for critical drug intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) put questions on India’s health and economic security. The quest for the solution lies in the self-sufficiency of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. Being a key investor, Japan appears to be a promising companion with its abundant capital and tec...

The devastating effect of COVID-19 on the economy, health and the financial system is well known now. The pandemic has distorted trade as well. In such a situation, trade facilitation (TF) has emerged as an effective tool to mitigate the devastating effect of COVID-19 on trade. Several countries have initiated policy responses to take necessary ste...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and test theory-driven hypothesis on trade costs’ effect of logistics performance (LP) and bureaucratic efficiency, primarily from SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) perspective. Design/methodology/approach The paper develops hypothesis based on the review of the literature and...

Higher trade costs in developing countries have received enormous attention during the recent past. In this context, it is imperative to revisit the factors contributing to such higher trade costs. This article attempts to explore the major determinants of trade costs conceptually and empirically. Further, the study endeavours to solve the puzzle o...

The paper conceptually encapsulates India’s digital preparedness embodied in 4G and 5G network connectivity prospects by assessing data and reports from the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Further various reports of international agencies such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), World Bank, and United Nations Conference on Tra...

Commitment of South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) from South Asian Preferential Trading Agreement (SAPTA) for trade liberalisation was one of the hopes in South Asia. This article highlights untapped trade potential in agro-trade between India and its trading partners in South Asia through Trade Potential Index (TPI). This article evaluates po...

India and Africa have experienced the rapid expansion of bilateral trade during the last two decades. The India–Africa trade is understudied in general and in the agriculture sector. Very few considerable efforts have been made to study the agro-trade restrictions between both the economies. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to empirically id...

The provisions of section 3(d) of the Indian Patent Act, 1970, were designed to promote and protect the manufacturing of low cost generic medicines in the country. Along with other changes and amendments, they were assumed to benefit the states equally without taking into account the inter-state economic inequalities. The provisions were set forth...

Despite being an economic and military powerhouse, the United States (US) has started seeing itself as a victim of exploitation by other countries, particularly by China, due to its sheer size and the magnitude of its trade with the US. It was under the leadership of the US that the present international economic order was created. This article arg...

The present study endeavours to observe the trade creation and trade diversion effects of three free trade agreements (FTAs) in Asia, namely, India–Japan CEPA (IJCEPA), India–Sri Lanka FTA (ISFTA), and India–Bhutan FTA (IBFTA). The article aims to evaluate three uncommon FTAs that include developing–developed, developing–developing and developing–l...

Studies show that South Asia is one of the least integrated regions in the world. The wave for regional economic integration in this region commenced with the creation of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) in 1985. In order to increase trade and economic integration among the South Asian economies, SAARC Preferential T...

Most of the studies on free trade agreements (FTAs) concentrate on merchandise trade, either in the North-North or South-South framework. This study is different because it evaluates services trade under the FTA in North–South structure between India and Japan. Research methodology for this work includes both qualitative as well as quantitative app...

Agricultural trade is becoming more important today due to its multi-dimensional importance. Technical standards such as sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) measures impose barriers to agricultural-trade. In some cases SPS measures are also advantageous for countries from the point of protection of plant, animal and human health. Against this backdro...

Materials and Method: The study uses trade indices such as Export Intensity Index (EII), Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA) and Export Specialization Index (ESI) to calculate the share of India with its trading partners in world trade, competitiveness of exported products and trade specialization in export sector respectively. With the help...

The table gives an illustration of all the dispute cases of different agro-products registered at the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO.

This presentation gives a snapshot of mainly three issues: Firstly, How global agricultural trade has changed over the period 1990 to 2014 among different countries. Secondly, What is the present trend of NTMs in agriculture and thirdly why do restrictions prevail in agriculture?

Economies sharing common borders have a natural tendency to trade more. However, Indo- Pak trade rejects such theory of geographical proximity. Empirical evidence shows a much lower trade practice between India and Pakistan. Since formal trade between Indo-Pak is marginal, large volume of trade commences unofficially through Dubai and Singapore rou...

Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) had adopted restricted industrialization policy until 1990. The economic and social transition started after 1990, providing free atmosphere for foreign investments in CEE. Due to such interference, the early eminent countries were replaced by new eminent ones. This article examines the affirmative as well as unimpr...

Though, liberalization of services trade is a new phenomenon, it has witnessed sustained growth and acceptance in recent decades. IT/ITES and its trade became the fastest growing sub-sector of trade in services. Services trade of SAARC countries became more dynamic in the post Uruguay Round. These economies are more integrated with the other econom...

With a growing dependency on the private participation across the globe, India also implemented the economic reforms process but these reforms have not been supported by any major amendments in the labour Laws though privatization of public enterprises, is one of the key issues in the ongoing economic reforms and India has a major workforce employe...

The world is becoming more globalized today and the process of globalization is irreversible. It has created vast opportunities in different sectors of the economy on the one hand and adversely affected billions of people on the other. The present form of globalization, neoliberalism, free trade and open markets are attracting severe criticism. Pov...

FDI is viewed as a catalyst to economic growth and has accelerated sharply in China and India. China has succeeded in taking full advantage of FDI than India. Both nations are regarded as most favorable competitors in attracting higher foreign investment in the present scenario. China adopted a manufacturing-led growth strategy and India adopted se...

Abstract: Agribusiness is a business related with farming. This includes production, marketing and distribution of agricultural and agro-based products. FDI has opened new dimensions for foreign retailers in agri-business. In India, FDI is banned in agriculture, excluding floriculture, horticulture, development of seeds, animal husbandry, piscicult...

Asian Development Bank (ADB) has released revised forecasts of the growth rate of India to 4.7% for the FY 2013-14 from 6% earlier. Furthermore, Economic Outlook 2013-14 forecasted that Indian economy will grow at 5.3% in 2013-14. This has become a matter of debate as the economists are of the view that after liberalization, growth can’t be in the...

Global financial crisis has offered many lessons for the Developing Economies. Regional trade network in South Asia is weak compare to many other regional trading blocs of the world. It is the size of the domestic markets that matter especially at the time of crisis. Trade theorist Michael Porter pioneered that the competitive advantage of nations...

There are two different opinions about India’s import liberalization surfaced in the recent global financial crisis era. Some expressed India to be one of the highest trade restrictive economies and others appreciated India for lowering import tariffs and making trade free. This empirical exercise compares import tariff in pre- and post-crisis. Tra...

The rise of colonialism and the expansion of British Empire on the grounds of trade and commerce laid the foundation stone for the universal use of English. It is not only a language that connects people but has become a part of business and commerce especially in the information technology enabled services (ITES) sector. In this context of increas...

India became a more liberal economy after the economic reforms started in 1991 under the leadership of Dr. Manmohan Singh. Many states took positive steps to complement such reforms. When other states were on reforms path, Bihar was bifurcated and the mineral-deposits and major industries are now part of Jharkhand. Due to this fact and also because...

Over the past few decades, while trade has contributed significantly to economic growth in various economies including India, openness has also exposed them to vagaries of external shocks. While recent global financial crisis (GFC) essentially originated in advanced economies, it got transmitted to emerging market economies through three main chann...

Market-State interactions are quite interesting these days in dual preference economies like India, in which both the public and private sectors are equally active. The Market expects minimal interference from the State but the question is: does the market require assistance from the State or should the State leave the market alone? In this connect...

In the last few years India has become one of the leading offshore outsourcing (OO) centers in the area of ITES. This paper deals with the main problem of data protection in offshore outsourcing centers with special emphasis on the steps by the government of India to enable India’s great business.

This paper discusses the current trends and challenges in Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) business in India, especially in relation to technology-led service sector growth and its legal–economic challenges in the post-WTO era. These days, the main problem of LPO in India is one on data protection. The paper will focus this specific issue, and it al...

This paper deals with the problem of labour restructuring following privatisation in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and India and the extent to which collective bargaining has succeeded in reducing its negative effects in these countries. Collective bargaining has succeeded to a limited extent in these countries due to the acceptance of monetary safety nets...

Global financial crisis is deepening. The extent of the problems has been so severe that some of the world's largest financial institutions have collapsed. The governments of the wealthiest nations in the world have resorted to extensive bail-out and rescue packages for the remaining large banks and financial institutions. International organizatio...