Najmoddin Yazdi

Iran University of Science and Technology · Science & Technology Policy

The Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology has managed innovation agencies in Iran for two decades. It is now time to assess their deficiencies and obstacles in light of the experience of other countries in regards to innovation agencies and science, technology, and innovation councils. This qualitative study employed a literature analysis and...

ستادهای توسعه فناوری‌های راهبردی درصدد ایجاد فضایی مناسب برای تحقق اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان در حوزه مأموریتی خویش هستند. با این وجود مسئولیت¬های ستادها و اثربخشی فعالیت¬های آن‌ها شفاف نیست و با چالش¬های مختلفی از جمله موازی¬کاری، محدودیت منابع، نظام ارزیابی نامناسب و نامشخص بودن مرز مسئولیت¬ها در مقابل دیگر نهادهای متولی مواجه‌اند. هدف این پژوهش، آسیب‌شنا...

The COVID-19 pandemic cast doubts on governments' traditional crisis responses and sparked a surge in citizen-led, participatory, bottom-up responses. Iran's experience is worth investigating because it relied significantly on citizen groups to manage the crisis despite long-term sanctions and extremely restricted resources. The authors undertook a...

Student-centered and inquiry-based learning, which includes problem-based and experiential learning, are trendy educational designs in the twenty-first century. Recent empirical research has demonstrated, however, that moderators such as the course's placement within a larger educational program, students' prior knowledge, and course expectations s...

The global COVID-19 pandemic has lasted more than a year. Iran's unorthodox response to the crisis could be understood as a bottom-up or popular response. It has a long history of fighting against floods, earthquakes, storms, and other natural disasters. S mall popular, civic, community, or jihadi groups enter the crisis field freely and provide a...

In Panel: Digitalization and data governance in health systems The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the importance of quarantine in dealing with such catastrophes. However, the less intelligent the quarantine, the more pronounced the conflict between livelihood and society's health-particularly for the poor. To avoid blind quarantine regulations tha...

The COVID-19 pandemic can teach Islamic societies many lessons in terms of crisis management and revitalisation of their faith-based Islamic assets. This chapter conceptualises Iran's case to draw upon its impressive citizen-centered collaborative crisis management, with Islamic leadership and bottom-up Islamic social finance at its core. In this m...

حکمرانی اسلامی اصطلاحی است که اخیراً به صورت فزاینده مورد استفاده و توجه قرار گرفته است. برای فهم اینکه حکمرانی در جامعه و نظام اسلامی چه تفاوت مفهومی با ادبیات حکمرانی مصطلح می¬تواند داشته باشد، می¬توان از گام¬های متداول برای تحلیل و حل مسائل سیاستی بهره برد و موضوع را در یک گام مشخص واکاوی کرد. این مقاله متمرکز بر اولین گام یعنی صورت‌بندی مسائل ح...

پیوست فناوری - انتقال فناوری- تدارکات دولتی

تصویب پیوست فناوری یکی از مهمترین کارهای صورت گرفته در ستاد اقتصاد مقاومتی در سال¬های اخیر بوده است که آیین‌نامه اجرایی آن نیز در دست توسعه می‌باشد. پیوست فناوری تاکنون عمدتاً مبتنی بر ادبیات سیاست‌های ساخت داخل مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار گرفته است که جهت‌گیری‌هایش بیشتر مرتبط با حوزه‌های تجارت و اقتصاد است تا فناوری و نوآوری. مدل جدیداً توسعه یافته ب...

سیاستهاي نوآوري به دو دسته کلی طرف تقاضا و طرف عرضه تقسیم میشوند. سیاستهاي نوآوري طرف تقاضا با وجود سابقه طولانی طرح اهمیت آنها، مدتها از کانون توجه اندیشمندان حوزه سیاستگذاري نوآوري و سیاستگذاران به دور بودهاند. تقاضا از طریق چهار سازوکار بر نوآوري اثرگذار است: تغییرات در تقاضا میتواند منجر به تحریک نوآوريهاي تدریجی و وابسته به مسیر شود؛ حساسیت تق...

پذیرفته شده برای انتشار در فصلنامه سیاستگذاری عمومی- دانشگاه تهران (ویژه نامه سیاست انرژی)

با توجه به عدم موفقیت سیاست های ساخت داخل در ایران و بسیاری از کشورهای در حال توسعه، «تدارکات عمومی حامی نوآوری» می تواند به عنوان یک سیاست نوآوری در طرف تقاضا مبنای نظری برای پیاده سازی پیوست فناوری در کشور فراهم نماید. اما کشورهای در حال توسعه از ویژگی هایی متمایز از اقتصادهای توسعه یافته برخوردارند که یکی از مهمترین آنها فقدان توانمندی های فناور...

Despite the long-running academic assumption that science and religion are necessarily in epistemological conflict over competing truth claims, various coexistence possibilities have been theorized during the last decades, notably the social and historical construction of science. But, STS scholarship has not yet penetrated much into the study of t...

Citizen science could be categorized as three: 1) Communication of scientific results to citizens by their language to raise their awareness, 2) Getting citizens engaged for data collection, evidence gathering and monitoring, and 3) Scientific citizenship which points to sharing governance, policy, power and politics of science with citizens. The f...

Public procurement for innovation (PPI) has been a trending demand-side innovation policy aimed at innovation development in developed countries. While the main argument of leveraging public demand for economic development is equally important in developing countries and catch-up literature, innovation development is not a priority need of them. In...

As a norm of today’s scientific society, which have been a little criticised, researchers usually do not report unsuccessful works or tested research pathways and worldviews that did not work. But what about worldviews and solutions that are gradually being closed-off in minds of researchers to reach a prospective promising solution or worldview to...

Sustainable development is coined with ongoing social learning processes. As part of a sustainable regional development project in Golbaf town, Iran, development of a participatory community-based learning ecosystem (social learning) was soon found to be a requisite. This in turn was seen to be hampered by lack of social capitals, namely trust, sel...

Degree of collaboration among stakeholders (suppliers, procurer, buyers, users and innovation intermediator) is an important factor in differentiating different types of Public procurement for innovation (PPI). The present paper tries to shed light on reasons behind the unsuccessfulness of the informal collaboration of an innovation intermediator w...

International rankings of universities have attracted increasing attention, which usually leads to promotional and casual use of their results by academia’s managers. But, they are a valuable ready source of internationally comparable information to build up monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems in academia to further pursue reflexive governance...

Introduction: Public procurement for innovation (PPI) has been developed and practiced as a demand-side innovation policy over the last decade. PPI not only help stimulate innovation but also could drive procurements towards a problem-solving and functional agenda (Edquist et al., 2015). In this regard, Edquist (2017) has recently conceptualised fu...

Believing in both factual and socio-cultural dimensions of risk and that it is a value-laden concept, religion emerges as an important source of risk conception and thus action at individual and collective levels, as well as for risk governance. Based on Islam viewpoint, risks should should be distinctively conceived and approached as: 1) The Isla...

چارچوب نظری ائتلاف مدافع مدلی شناختهشده برای دستهبندی محرکهای تغییر سیاست است. با این وجود چارچوب مذکور، نوع، فرآیند و شدت تغییرات سیاستی منتجه را مورد بررسی قرار نمیدهد. مطالعه موردی پیشرو مبتنی بر تحلیل محتوای 250پاسخ مشاورهای دریافتی توسط دپارتمان انرژی و تغییرات اقلیمی انگلستان طی فراخوان ،2010بررسی مطالعات و گزارشهای ثانویه و 53مصاحبه نیمهساخت...

طی چند دهه اخیر شاهد شکست سیاستهای مرسوم انتقال فناوری در کشور مبتنی بر رویکرد ساخت داخل به دلایلی از جمله غلبه رویکرد تجاری و اقتصادی بجای فناوری، تضاد منافع، مشکلات ضمانت اجرایی، پایش و ارزیابی نتایج، رویکرد بالا به پایین، ظرفیت جذب و مسائل نهادی و ساختاری بودهایم. "خرید دولتی (به منظور ارتقاء) نوآوری و فناوری" سیاست نوآوری نوظهوری است که ظرف بیش...

The debate over innovativeness of large firms and SMEs, which was bolded by Schumpeter, still continues under mixed empirical evidences. The present study has explored the proportionality of increase of innovation activity versus firm size over 522 Iranian knowledge-based firms categorised in eight industries. Distinctively, a first-time nation-wid...

Public procurement of innovation (PPI) has been developed in a European context during the last decade to pursue innovation generation and diffusion. Despite having a considerable share of 10-20% in GDPs, the potential has not yet been tapped in developing and less developed contexts, where the primary focus is on technology transfer and catch-up i...

In today’s world, where knowledge-based economy is playing a major role in promotion of welfare and sustainable economic development of nations, the demand for evaluation of science, technology and innovation (STI) has been escalating. Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of science and technology (S&T) at country-level usually comes with STI indicators...

Public procurement of innovation (PPI), and its antecedent public technology procurement (PTP), introduced by Charles Edquist since late 1990s as a novel promising demand-side innovation policy instrument is a new wave of public procurement reform, being implemented in European countries for the last decade. The escalating attention to this policy...

One of the areas in which understanding policy mix elements, processes and impacts is of foremost importance is the field of sustainability transitions. The present proposal contributes to the literature of policy mixes for sustainable transitions by extending the recent conceptual framework provided by Rogge and Richardt (2016) for policy mixes, i...

1 Introduction Managerial university and New Public Management (NPM) have been criticised for, inter alia, indicatorism, quantification, metrification, economisation and " publish or perish " pressures (e.x. by Lorenz (2015)), in favor of reversing back the managerial trend during the last decades. While abandoning NPM in academia does not seem fea...

In today’s world where knowledge-based economy is playing a major and trending role in prosperity and welfare of nations, science, technology and innovation (STI) policy matters (Furman et al., 2002; Litan et al., 2014). When a country attempts to design its science, technology and innovation (STI) framework to meaningfully accommodate relevant STI...

The debate over innovativeness of large firms and SMEs, which was bolded by Schumpeter, still continues under mixed empirical evidences. There are several implications for this debate including policy orientation in support of large firms or SMEs. But there is a scarce of studies in developing countries and no such study in Iran yet. The present st...

فناورانه و نواورانه کردن مناقصات و خریدهای دولتی که تحت عنوان "خریدهای دولتی نواورانه و فناورانه" نیز شناخته می‌شود، یکی از سیاست‌های نوین طرف تقاضای نظام نوآوری است که می‌تواند مکمل رویکرد کلاسیک سیاست‌های ساخت داخل باشد. در خرید دولتی نواورانه و فناورانه، هدف استفاده از ظرفیت خریدهای دولتی است و در آن بجای تامین کالاها و خدمات روتین، توسعه فناوری...

در جهان امروز که اقتصاد دانش¬بنیان نقشی اساسی در رفاه و رونق ملل و دستیابی به توسعه اقتصادی پایدار بازی می¬کند، تقاضا برای ارزیابی وضعیت علم، فناوری و نوآوری در کشورها به طور فزاینده¬ای مطرح است. پایش و ارزیابی علم و فناوری در سطح ملی با مبحث شاخص¬های علم و فناوری و نوآوری و مدل مفهومی که شاخص¬ها بر روی آن سوار می-شوند، در هم آمیخته است. پژوهش پیش¬...

رتبه‌بندی بین‌المللی دانشگاه‌ها از سال 2003 با آغاز به کار رتبه‌بندی شانگهای (ARWU) کلید خورد. ذینفعان مختلف از جمله مسئولین آموزش عالی در مواجهه با تنوع شاخص‌ها و روش‌شناسی‌های رتبه‌بندی‌ها، لازم است تفسیر صحیحی از نتایج و محدودیت‌های رتبه‌بندی‌ها داشته باشند. محورهای مورد بررسی برای 7 رتبه‌بندی منتخب عبارت بوده‌اند از: اینکه رسالت و ماموریت رتبه‌...

Organizations attention to foreign markets and the internationalization process is increasing during last decades. One of the most important decisions of this process is the international market selection (IMS).Diversity of the evaluation criteria and neglecting the strategic viewpoint are amongst the important attributes that we encounter during t...