
Najmeh Etemad-SaeedInstitute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences | IASBS · Department of Earth Sciences
Najmeh Etemad-Saeed
Doctor of Philosophy
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44
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June 2023 - December 2023
Publications
Publications (44)
The Ediacaran–lower Cambrian Soltanieh Formation exposed in the Soltanieh Mountains of northwestern Iran is a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate succession that hosts skeletal animals, metazoan trace fossils, and macroalgal compressions, in addition to a well-resolved C isotopic record. Here we attempt to clarify the systematic paleontology of carbonace...
Unmineralized tubular remains with variable morphology and preservability are common in Ediacaran and Cambrian rocks, providing important records of early animal evolution. Here we report a new occurrence of such fossils in the Soltanieh Mountains of northwestern Iran. A large, densely packed tube population is present in the lowermost part of low-...
Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks of the Kahar and overlying Soltanieh formations from Chopoghlu, in the Soltanieh Mountains, northern Iran, preserve an expanded stratigraphic record of Ediacaran to lower Cambrian life and environments. To date, regional placement of the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary has been based on biostratigraphy, with contrast...
This paper presents a detailed provenance analysis of the 6.5 km thick Oligocene–Pliocene foreland succession in the north Dezful embayment in Zagros, Iran. Using petrography, geochemistry and palaeoflow analysis, we determined three provenance shifts during the exhumation of the Zagros orogen. Above the Ahwaz sandstones, sourced from the Arabian c...
We report evidence for possible Ediacaran (ca. 560 Ma) glaciation from two localities of the late Neoproterozoic Kahar Formation in the central Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. Here, the Kahar Formation consists of about 1000 m of siliciclastic sedimentary strata (sub-greenschist), with minor carbonate, which were deposited along the Peri-Gondwan...
Sediments deposited into foreland basins can provide valuable insights related to the geological evolution of their hinterlands. Located in the peripheral foreland of the South Sistan Suture Zone (SE Iran), the Karvandar Basin exhibits a several‐kilometer‐thick shallow‐marine to continental clastic sedimentary sequence forming elongated sub‐circula...
The question of microbialite development as the Cambrian dawned is an interesting one, because, for the first time in Earth history, microbialites were accreting in the presence of macroscopic, skeleton-forming animals. The Aq-Kand section (2300 m thick) in northwestern Iran is a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate succession that includes the Kahar, Sol...
The Lower Cambrian Barut Formation is one of the most important lithostratigraphic units in reconstructing the paleogeography of northern Iran during the early Cambrian time. Herein, we present detailed facies analysis data of this formation in the Barut Aghaji Section in southwest Zanjan to analyze the palaeoenvironment. The Barut Formation in thi...
The Lower Cambrian Barut Formation is one of the most important lithostratigraphic units in reconstructing the paleogeography of northern Iran during the early Cambrian time. Herein, we present detailed facies analysis data of the Barut Formation in the Barut Aghaji Section in the southwest of Zanjan to analyze the paleoenvironment. The Barut Forma...
The late Devonian has been associated with major global climate changes, widespread anoxia events, and the Hangenberg Crisis. The main aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the paleoenvironment and paleoredox condition during the deposition of the lower Devonian Jeirud Formation in the Garmabdar section, northeast of Tehran. The...
The Central Iranian Basin has developed during a multi-episodic collision between the Arabian and Eurasian continents since the late Eocene–early Oligocene, following the subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. Herein, we present detailed sedimentological and provenance data of the Oligocene–upper Miocene synorogenic strata, including the unconformity-...
Introduction
Understanding the cyclical nature of changes in sea-level regime leads to awareness of historical land events. In the functional basin, it leads to predictions about the presence of source rocks and hydrocarbon reservoirs in sedimentary sequences. Cycles are formed during a process of falling to rising sea level. The study of sedimenta...
The Tarom Basin of NW Iran is an intermontane basin located in the West Alborz Mountains. In this study, we employed a multidisciplinary approach on the Sheet section at the southern margin of this basin to reconstruct depositional environment and provenance of the late Eocene sediments. The Sheet Section, about 900 m thick, consists of the uppermo...
The Mahneshan Basin is one of the syntectonic Neogene sub-basins of the Central Iran. The basin is filled by about 4 km of the Miocene Upper Red Formation deposits, showing a combination of halokinetic and growth strata patterns. To assess the provenance evolution of sediments in north of the Mahneshan basin named the Hesar section, we conducted re...
Folder kmz (Virtual Fieldtrip on Google Earth with Elevation Exaggeration = 1) with the geolocation of the main analyzed field localities, geological maps, and cross-sections from the Folding, thrusting and diapirism: Competing mechanisms for shaping the structure of the north Dezful Embayment, Zagros, Iran published in the Basin Research Journal b...
In this study, the sedimentological and stratigraphic framework of carbonate successions deposited on the Tournaisian-Visean ramp of the Alborz Structural Zone in the Kalariz section, have been used to generate a facie model that enhances facies characterization and improves paleoenvironmental interpretation of the shallow marine successions deposi...
Zoophycos in the Mississippian Mobarak Formation (Central Alborz, Iran) shows its potential in interpreting depositional settings, ecological features and sequence stratigraphy. Zoophycos A (ZoA), Zoophycos B (ZoB), Zoophycos/Phycosiphon (Zo/Phy) and Phycosiphon (Phy) ichnocoenoses are identified in the middle and outer ramp facies of the Mobarak F...
The Upper Devonian Jeirud Formation (Farasenin-Faminin) in the Garmabdar section of north Tehran )~270 m thick(, contains seven distinct phosphorite horizons. These sedimentary phosphorites are found within siliciclastic and carbonate host rocks. Marine Phosphorites in the Jeirud Formation are pristine and condensed, including structureless peloids...
Geoscience uses remnant information from ancient rocks and sedimentary deposits to unravel the history of our 4.6 billion years old planet. Using actualistic point of view, provenance study is a back-striping of a sedimentary cycle to develop reliable paleogeographic models of Earth for particular time and area in the past. In fact, provenance stud...
This study documented the significance of the shell concentrations in the paleoecological analysis of the Lower Carboniferous Mobarak Formation in the Alborz Zone. Paleoecological analysis of shell concentrations records successive phases of colonization and demise, each of which are characterized by specific taphonomic features and sedimentary fab...
The Mahneshan Basin as one of the syntectonic Neogene sub-basins of the Central Iran is located on the northwest of the Zanjan province and north of the Mahneshan town. The basin is filled by about 4 km of the Miocene Upper Red Formation and Pliocene deposits, showing a combination of halokinetic and growth strata patterns. The structural and prove...
The Soltanieh Formation in the Alborz Mountains of northern Iran is not only a key lithostratigraphic unit for reconstruction of the Iranian geological history, but also a globally outstanding succession to reveal variations in seawater composition across the Precambrian–Cambrian (PC–C) transition. Mineralogical and geochemical data from a continuo...
Differentiating compressional growth strata from halokinetic sequences is not straightforward in foreland fold‐and‐thrust belts where compressional and diapiric processes were coeval. Although there are numerous studies on the role of salt layers in fold‐and‐thrust belts, very few focus on syntectonic evaporites where they are thick enough to devel...
The Mahneshan basin is located in the foreland of the Alborz Mountains, northwest of the Zanjan province. The basin was filled by about 4 km of the Upper Red Formation deposits during the Miocene. This folded sedimentary sequence is separated from the Eocene volcanic basement, along the middle Miocene evaporates, forming a 15 km width fold-and-thru...
A synthesis of 2-D seismic interpretation, exploration well data and field survey permit us to decipher the structural evolution history in the front of Fars paleo-high area, located in SE Zagros fold-and-thrust belt. In the current study, a structural evolution model is proposed for the region, according to a sequential restoration, which was perf...
The present study provides a detailed facies and depositional environment analyses of the Neogene sediments in the northern Dezful embayment, footwall of the Zagros Mountain Front fault. The Neogene sediments in this area, including the Mishan, Aghajari, and Bakhtyari formations, constitute the thickest Zagros foreland succession, with more than 5...
The tectonic setting of Iran during late Neoproterozoic time is not fully understood, with proposals ranging from passive margin (Iran as a part of Afro-Arabian platform) to active margin (Iran as a part of Peri-Gondwanan terranes). Tectonic provenance of Bayandor Formation, which is deposited during this time, can provide constraints on late Neopr...
A synthesis of sub surviving data (seismic, well) and surviving data (field, remote sensing) draw three balanced cross-section in frontal Fars, then by using growth strata pattern, the time of growth of the anticline has determined. Finally, by using step by step restoration and constant length-area assumption, introduce an evolution tectono-sedime...
U–Pb dating and oxygen and Lu–Hf isotope analyses are applied to ~ 400 detrital zircon grains from the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Kahar, Bayandor and Zaigun sandstones. The results reveal the evolutionary history of the Central Iranian continental crust in the northern margin of Gondwana during the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian. The U–Pb dating produces maj...
The siliciclastic-dominated Kahar Formation represents the oldest known exposures of northern Iran (ca. 560-550 Ma) and provides a clear window on terminal Proterozoic life. Most paleontological studies on the ancient life in the Kahar Formation are on acritarchs preserved in shales, or on the microbial mats in carbonates (stromatolites). Herein we...