Nafees Mohammad

University of Peshawar · Department of Environmental Sciences

In this presentation, an attempt has been made to explain the creation of the earth and climate change in the light of Islam. The basic aim is to understand the various earth systems in relation to climate change and identify our collective and individual roles in mitigating climate change impacts. For this purpose, relevant verses from the Quran h...

When rivers are diverted to dams or small-scale hydroelectric projects, the quantity of water tends to diminish, which frequently has negative effects on the downstream ecology and livelihood opportunities. Keeping a specific ecological flow is thought to be an effective treatment, but simultaneously, it may also have an impact on the social and ec...

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of industrial activities on heavy metals status in wastewater, sludge and flora on the bank of selected main drains of the Hayatabad Industrial estate, Peshawar. Plants, sludge and wastewater samples of selected sites were collected and analyzed for heavy metals distribution; cadmium (Cd), chromium...

Background and Objectives A gradual growth of the human population has increased the demand for resources, which has put pressure on available natural resources. Industrialization is one of the important sectors to meet human needs. The increasing trend of industrialization is associated with a considerable amount of waste generation which can sign...

In many countries of the world, especially underdeveloped countries, the practice of solid waste management is inefficient. Solid waste management has become a difficult environmental issue. Due to poor waste handling practices, many environmental and health issues arise. In this regard, many countries are trying to find ways to deal with the probl...

The purpose of celebrating Earth Day is to review the earth's resources available to us. We need to review land resources that we have, find out how they are used and what problems they are facing. It has been seen that most countries do not have all the resources, due to which they suffer from some kind of environmental or economic problem. For ex...

Canal cleaning is a routine activity on the canals diverted from the Kabul River. As a result, thousands of tons of sediment are removed as sludge and flushed back into the Kabul River. In Peshawar city, most people use this sediment as a soil conditioner in lawns. But the farmers are hesitant to apply it in agricultural fields. It is perceived tha...

This article describes a new idea about industrial pollution abatement through berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus Spp. as an accelerating agent. For this purpose, berseem plant was grown on soil irrigated with industrial wastewater in pots. Three cuttings of plants were obtained at different interval...

In Pakistan, the subject of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was introduced recently. For most of the projects, at government level, EIA is neglected. Most of the developers are reluctant to EIA and argue that it is an un-necessary formality and discourages development. This is a wrong perception. Therefore, it is required to clear the concept...

Climate change is a result of the release of various gases into the atmosphere. Among these Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) being the most important. Methane gas has a greater ability to absorb infrared radiation than carbon dioxide, but is less important because of its low abundance and short lifetime in the atmosphere. It has the ability t...

ONE DAY NATIONAL CONFERENCE “CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON WATER RESOURCES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA (OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES)” November 29, 2022 Venue: Sir Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum Museum of Archeology and Ethnology, University of Peshawar BACKGROUND: Climate change is a matter of concerned for the entire world. Pakistan, although not a big emitter...

As a result of atmospheric pollution across the globe there is even increase in carbon dioxide and methane gases. due to this the atmospheric temperature is constantly increasing. The very first impact of this is on the hydrological cycle, i.e. water circulation system in the earth is accelerated. It is estimated that a one degree increase in tempe...

Climate change is a matter of concerned for the entire world. Pakistan, although not a big emitter of greenhouse gases, lists among top ten countries facing the impacts of climate change. According to recent UN report, Pakistan suffered a loss of 26 billion USD in 2021, which is 9.1 percent of its GDP. The increase in mean temperatures in hyper ari...

The poultry sector is a growing sector that generates a huge quantity of poultry litter (waste) worldwide. This study examined the current status of the poultry activities, litter disposal procedures as well as its effects on wheat production in the Haripur District (Pakistan). In view of this, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 73 poultry...

This study comparatively investigated the influence of changes in pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical, structural, and adsorptive properties of biochars derived from a green waste (Cynodon dactylon L.). For this purpose, the biophysically dried green wastes were pyrolyzed at 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C under the same pyrolysis conditions. T...

Employees Welfare Fund is established under syndicate in 1993 for the purpose to help out Peshawar University Employees in arrangement and management of Azakhail housing scheme. The Board of Directors has established a Project technical Committee (hereinafter called “the Committee”) to provide oversight for all project activities of the housing sch...

آج کل پلاسٹک کا استعمال بہت زیادہ ہے. اور پوری دنیا کو اپنے لپیٹ میں لیا ہے. ایسا کوئی گھر نہیں ہے, جس میں پلاسٹک سے بنی ہوئی اشیاء نہ ہو. ہر بندہ روزانہ کسی نہ کسی صورت میں پلاسٹک کا استعمال کرتا ہے. ویسے تو پلاسٹک کوئی زہریلی چیز نہیں ہے, سیوائے اس کے کہ اس کو قدرتی طور پر تحلیل ہونے میں بہت وقت لگتا ہے. پلاسٹک کے کل پراڈکٹشن کا چالیس فیصد حصہ صر...

With the passage of time the growing impacts of climate change are becoming more visible and clear. It seems that a common person is recognizing the impacts of climate change., It is good that a common person is getting awareness and showing concerned over climate change impacts and play his/her role in its mitigation and work for adaptation to it....

Year 2022 was too heavy for Pakistan in terms of big number of forest fire incidents in Pakistan. Tow provinces, Baluchistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were damaged badly. A total of 464 fire incidents were observed in these only in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces. It was related to climate change and heat wave that hit Pakistan and India during April and...

This study was conducted to know about the nutritional quality of poultry litter amended with chemical coagulants after composting. For this purpose, chemical coagulants (i.e. Aluminum Sulphate and Aluminum Chloride, a dosage of 45g /chick) were applied in the selected poultry farms. Three types of poultry litter (i.e. treated with Aluminum Sulfate...

This study was conducted during 2018-19 after the implementation of the 18th constitutional amendments, under which the provincial government was given autonomy.The objective of the study was an attempt to address institutional problems concerning environmental protection and forest resource conservation. The various aspects highlighted include leg...

In this presentation major environmental problems of Pakistan in relation to climate change have been highlighted. 08.05.2022

This study was conducted during 2018-19 after the implementation of the 18th constitutional amendments, under which the provincial government was given autonomy. The objective of the study was an attempt to address institutional problems concerning environmental protection and forest resource conservation. The various aspects highlighted include le...

Climate change has affected the entire world, especially the developing countries. As per German watch report on climate change, Pakistan stand at 5 th on the vulnerable most counters. Pakistan contributes 980Kg/capita/year carbon dioxide. Total carbon emission is-tone annually. In this regards Pakistan is not the major contribute in climate change...

Citation: Khurshid, M.; Nafees, M.; Khan, A.; Yin, H.; Ullah, W.; Rashid, W.; Han, H.; Lashari, A.H. Off-Season Agriculture Encroachment in the Uplands of Northern Pakistan: Need for Sustainable Land Management. Land 2022, 11, 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11040520

This study was conducted during 2018-19 after the implementation of the 18th constitutional amendments, under which provincial government was given autonomy. The objective of the study was an attempt to address institutional problems concerning environmental protection and forest resource conservation. The various aspects highlighted include legisl...

Citation: Sultan, H.; Rashid, W.; Shi, J.; Rahim, I.u.; Nafees, M.; Bohnett, E.; Rashid, S.; Khan, M.T.; Shah, I.A.; Han, H.; et al. Horizon Scan of Transboundary Concerns Impacting Snow Leopard Landscapes in Asia. Land 2022, 11, 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11020248

Abstract In this article the book “Tareekhi Khan-je-Hani wa Mukhzani Afghani” has been review with the objective to verify the theory about the origin of Pashtun race. According to this book Pashtun tribes are linked with Bani Israel, a section of Jews, and are decedents of Hazarat Yaqoob AS. According to this book the genealogy of the Afghan race...

This article aimed to identify Hadith relevant to environmental protection and resource conservation with the idea to make sure that individual know about a healthy environment and each one has role for its betterment. For the purpose to identify relevant Hadith, famous book of Hadith "Sahih Bukhari Sharif" was reviewed. Sahih Bukhari Sharif has 6...

In Pakistan with the age of 60 or abovr is comparatively less. About 6% people in Pakistan comp comprised of this group. Research revealed that COVID-19 related deaths are completely more than other. Death rate among people with age from 60 to 80 years is about 26%. It was found that elder with the age of 80 or above is the vulnerable most group....

The growth and development of plants is a flexible and dynamic process. Among the plant hormones, Auxin is responsible for the plant’s growth and development. Plants regulate the Auxin pathways at various levels such as metabolism, biosynthesis, transport, and perception. One of the remarkable aspects of plant plasticity is the variation of develop...

In most parts of the world, particularly developing countries, there is no practice of keeping proper records of the handling, treatment and disposal of urban and industrial solid wastes. For this reason, there are difficulties in planning solid waste management. In this context, this study aims to determine the organization’s role in record keepin...

In this study, industrial wastewater and groundwater were comparatively investigated for their physicochemical properties, concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), human health risks and pollution source(s). Every month, 34 wastewater samples and 26 groundwater samples were collected, for a duration of one year. The results showed that...

This article is an attempt to analyze different phases of lockdown in Pakistan with the aim to know about its effectiveness against COVID-19 and seek affordable alternative. In the first phase Pakistan observed complete lockdown that was very effective, but due to its bad impacts on labor community it was not possible to continue it for a long time...

This paper is a review of land acquisitions and land encroachment issues in Swat Valleys, north of Pakistan in the light of Forest Act 1927, Land acquisition act 1969 and Environmental Protection Act 1997. The objective of this review was to identify land acquisitions related issues in relation to land and resource ownership. In Swat valley there a...

Citation: Bacha, M.S.; Muhammad, M.; Kılıç, Z.; Nafees, M. The Dynamics of Public Perceptions and Climate Change in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4464. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084464

The impact of different biochars (BCs) on the physicochemical properties and immobilization of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in contaminated soil irrigated with industrial wastewater for the last three decades was studied. Furthermore, the efficacy of applied BCs in reducing geostatistical risks was also evaluated. For this purpose, BCs were pr...

Water scarcity is a known and major issue throughout the world. To tackle water scarcity, there is an urgent need for water re-use and recycling through wastewater treatment. This study is an attempt to re-used industrial effluent after treatment with gamma irradiation. The main drain of the industrial estate was sampled and analyzed for Physico-ch...

The current pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV2 has caused a worldwide panic. This dead virus attacked the people of Wuhan China for the first time and then quickly spread all over the world. Now the US and Europe have become the main targeting centers of this virus with thousands of deaths with pneumonia. This review article is aimed to highlight the c...

The focus of the present study was to assess the quality of different drinking water sources, impacts of poor water quality on human health, and to apportion pollution source(s) of the district Bajaur, Pakistan. Drinking water samples (n = 331) were randomly collected from springs, hand pumps, open wells, and tube wells and analyzed for physicochem...

The concept of sustainable development is a demanding challenge for maintaining the ecological balance and survival of living beings. This concept also has a key role in economic growth and improving environmental quality. By adopting the idea of sustainability, many countries of the world showed the successful results of the conservation of natura...

Industrial development and urbanization have increased the demand for fresh wood which has affected the production rate of industries. This study was aimed to evaluate the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of wood-based industries at Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar. For this purpose, the match industry was studied for its inputs and outputs. The pr...

Department of environmental sciences was established with the aim to prepare workforce for coping with various environmental challenges faced by Pakistan in general and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in particular. The department of Environmental sciences was established in 1987. Since that time it is regularly feeding workforce in various governmental and non...

The present study was conducted in the Plum orchard zone of district Peshawar. The study was aimed to investigate the levels of different micronutrients in the orchard soil and crop in corresponding to non-orchards. For this purpose, samples of soil and seasonal crop (wheat crop) were collected from both orchard and non-orchard fields. The collecte...

Kabul River is a major river of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Its water is widely used for irrigation in Peshawar, Nowshera and Charsada districts. At the same time it receives wastewater directly from various industries situated in the mentioned district. This induction of waste water has deteriorated water quality and adversely affected aquatic fl...

In this article an attempt has been made to review the historic trends in foreign and domestic tourism in Pakistan with the aim to calculate expected loss due to ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose gross domestic product (GDP) growth in relation to tourism activities and COVID-19 cases were analyzed. This review revealed that tourist activi...

In Pakistan water availability decreased by 78.4% over the past six decades. To avoid threats to food security linked with water scarcity, Pakistan needs to plan its available water resources aggressively. Afghanistan and Pakistan share an Indus River tributary since the Kabul River, the building of 12 dams challenge is a more important issue compa...

Abstract Recently the outbreak of novel coronavirus-19 in China has caused a worldwide panic. The center of viral attack was the people in Wuhan city of China and then spread rapidly all over the world. This review aims to highlight the current issue of novel Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) to evaluate the present knowledge about human causalities its ec...

Kabul River, being the major river of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, has remarkable contribution in soil fertility, agriculture, electric power generation and food production. Unfortunately, due to the continuous discharge of untreated domestic and industrial waste, the water quality of the river is deteriorating day by day. The sewage of Peshawar city finds...

So many governmental and non-governmental organizations across the globe have worked on the concept of big data. Pakistan too has worked on big-data concept and has established big data banks for stock exchange, banking etc. It is not only time consuming but also hard to read and understand such big set of data. In such situation, data are processe...

Data availability and processing is a problem everywhere and need focus attentions. So many governmental and non-governmental organizations across the globe have worked on the concept of big data. Pakistan too has worked on big-data concept and has established big data banks for stock exchange, banking etc. It is not only time consuming but also ha...

As the fear of the covid-19 is growing, people are turning toward home remedies. Till now there is no established medicine or local recipe available for covid-19. Treating covid-19 in unscientific manner may be another big danger. In this article an attempt has been made to review the use of herbs natural product in a proper manner and develop our...

اس وقت ایسا لگ رہا ہے کہ کروناوائرس کی وجہ سے ہمارے بزرگ ٹارگٹ پر ہیں یا ٹارگٹ پر ڈالے گئے ہیں. بزرگ کسی معاشرے کا اہم جز ہے. یہ جوان طبقے کی زندگی میں ایک رہنما کی حیثیت رکھتا ہے. خاص کر مذھبی اور اخلاقی اقدار ان ہی کے مرہون منت ہیں. ہم جب بھی کسی مصیبت میں پھنس جائیں اور نکلنے کا راستہ نہ ہو, تو بزرگ ہی کام آتے ہیں. وہ اپنے زندگی کے نشیب و فراز...

In this article an attempt has been made to review the historic trends in foreign and domestic tourism in Pakistan with the aim to calculate expected loss due to ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. For this purpose grass domestic product (GDP) growth in relation to tourism activities and COVID-19 cases were analyzed. This review revealed that tourist activi...

This article is an attempt to analyze different phases of lockdown in Pakistan with the aim to know about its effectiveness against COVID-19 and seek affordable alternative. In the first phase Pakistan observed complete lockdown that was very effective, but due to its bad impacts on labor community it was not continued for a long time. In the secon...

Pakistan, being as a neighbor country of China and Iran was vulnerable most to COVID-19 pandemic. During receiving Pakistani pilgrims from Iran, Pakistani government reacted toward the spread of COVID-19 after report of first COVID-19 case on 25th of February, 2020. Quarantine facilities were arranged with delay and were the main cause of epidemic...

Pakistan, being as a neighbor country of China and Iran was vulnerable most to COVID-19 pandemic. During receiving Pakistani pilgrims from Iran, Pakistani government reacted toward the spread of COVID-19 after report of first COVID-19 case on 25th of February, 2020. Quarantine facilities were arranged with delay and were the main cause of epidemic...

In this article is an attempt to analyze different phases of lockdown, its affordability and effectiveness. In comparison with other parts of the world, especially the neighboring countries, COVID-19 related deaths were very low in Pakistan. As there was change in the mode of lockdown from forced lockdown to partial and smart lockdown, therefore an...

Pakistan, being as a neighbor country of China and Iran was vulnerable most to COVID-19 pandemic. During receiving Pakistani pilgrims from Iran, Pakistani government reacted toward spread of COVID-19 after report of 1st case of COVID-19 on 25th of February, 2020. Quarantine facilities were arranged with delay and were the main cause of epidemic in...

Review of IEE Lowari Tunnel 1. Description of project activity spreaded over 10 pages (14-23) is well defined, comprehensive and giving a clear picture. 2. As stated on page 23 S No. 5, No satellite image was found in Appendix-H. 3. Page 23, S No. 5 1st para last sentence as “it is observed that no reliable data on various issues/topic specific fo...

Picture taken after successful PhD defense. The research work was supervised by Prof. Dr. Mohammed Nafees Panel of Examiners consists of: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Irshad, COMSAT University, Abbattsbad Prof. Qissr Mehmood COMSAT University, Abbattsbad Dr. Zahir Khan, Department of Botany, University of Peshawar

In the present study, biochars (BCs) derived from naturally grown green waste (Cynodon dactylon L.) were investigated regarding their impacts on bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), agronomic properties and human health risks of wheat crop cultivated on long-term industrially contaminated soil. Typically, three types of BCs were py...

Copper based fungicides are widely used on peach orchids. That fungicide come to soil and got accumulated. As the orchids are used for wheat and other crop also, therefore there is possibility to transfer into food chain with negative impact on human health. In this regards this study was conducted to know about accumulative capacity of copper in w...

Agriculture and Water Management System in Karimabad, Hunza Valley, Pakistan

Disposal by dilution is a process in which the treated waste water from treatment plants is discharged into a large static body of water or in a moving water body such as rivers or streams. The discharged wastewater is purified in due course of time, by the self purification of natural water. The effluent discharge and degree of treatment of wastew...

The aforementioned MOU has been established with the following intended mission in mind: Conduct research related to EIMS, climate change and related topics. Conduct various conferences, workshops and seminars as per the mutual consensus. Data generation and data sharing for the sake of EIMS, climate change and related topics. PURPOSE AND SCOPE Th...

My PhD topic was Soil conservation in Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa I have published the following papers from my PhD Paper published from my PhD work. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262987276_Status_of_soil_texture_and_required_associated_soil_conservation_measure_of_river_Swat_catchment_area_NWFP_Pakistan?_sg=uRR1KeGbXj06bDk2gg9SdDD...

This paper is about role of community in re-forestation.

The use of chemicals to control pests has been practiced for centuries; however, agro-chemicals came into use in Pakistan in1954. By the mid-1960s, pesticide consumption reached over 7000 tons per annum. The pesticides rules and ordinance were adopted in 1972 and 1973, respectively. In 1989, the sale and distribution of pes-ticides was transferred...

Agriculture is considered as the backbone of the economy of Pakistan. However, current changes in climate have been adversely affecting agricultural productivity. In this paper, perceived impacts of climate change on agriculture and adaptation towards it have been studied in Charsadda district (lowlands) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan t...

As per IEE/EIA regulations 2001, Steel re-rolling mill is placed under schedule II, category C. For which detail EIA is mandatory (Govt. of Pakistan 2001 a). To identify relevant parameters for study, no such list exist in rules 2001. Only steel industries are mentioned with air quality related parameters (Govt. of Pakistan, 2001b). It is therefore...

This document presents the findings of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) of the proposed Khyber Garden Housing Development, conducted by Gaheez Consultants, Peshawar, in the parish of Nowshera. Gaheez Consultants was contracted by Proponent of Khyber Housing Society the proprietor of Khyber Gardens to carry out this study, as part of the...

This study was cThis study was conducted on river swat and Kabul rivers which are the most significant sources of freshwater for irrigation, industries, fisheries and recreation in IKP (Akhtar et al, 2014) River Kabul originate at Kabul city of Afghanistan and turns to be completely inside the Pakistan at Khyber Agency and then enters Khyber Pakhtu...

A detail environmental study was carried out of Amin Paper Board Mill (Pvt) Ltd, situated in Hattar Industrial Estate. The plant is basically recycling waste paper, which is an environment friendly activity. As one of the requirement of Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 clause 12 Paper Mill come under schedule-A, which need detail EIA. Ac...

This study identified and explored the changes in traditional trekking routes of pastoral communities between upland and lowland pastures. Data about trekking routes were collected by field surveys through constant trekking accompanying the herders and participatory meetings. Results show that landless herders resonated between lowland and upland p...

Environmental Impact Assessment of Swat -Kalam Motorway

Pastoralism is a viable socio-economic system-shaped by landless and agro-pastoral communities in many pastoral regions of the world. This system is mainly based on seasonal migration of pastoralists and their livestock herds between upland and lowland pastures. Traditionally pastoral activities make significant contributions to mountain livelihood...

https://www.google.com.pk/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://journals.uop.edu.pk/papers/P05%2520Arsenic%2520Contamination%2520of%2520ground%2520water%2520in%2520dadu%2520district%2520S.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiVpceJueThAhVIyKQKHUO_Cm8QFjACegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw32PHcPfi5w2oQGTdJZOskF&cshid=1555961970700

https://www.google.com.pk/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7457/1/1%2520Wisal%2520shah%252013%2520Oct%252C2016.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiMsf6BwOThAhUSNOwKHa55Du4QFjAJegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw1NHiUD4PrYy4-Y_EgXWTw9&cshid=1555963964703

In this study, the Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated for drinking water samples collected from an area of Mardan district. A total of 30 water samples were collected from water distribution systems at the end user end. The samples were analyzed for 21 parameters namely, C, pH, EC, Do, TDS, NTU, TH, Ca, Mg, Na, K, SO4, NO3, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb...

In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the eco-centric approach of Ghani Khan with the objective to create awareness among the public in general and young poets in particular. For this purpose his famous book " De Ghani Kuluyat " (Ghani " s Collection) was reviewed. This collection comprises 447 poems, taken from three books namely Da...

To understand the terms used, particularly those having direct relevancy to chemical Pesticides and Fungicides. Such as: Type of Pesticides Toxic affect Bio-Accumulation Bio-Magnification Status of various pesticides, particularly Fungicides used in Pakistan in general and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in particular

In 2004 Environmental Protection Agency Pakistan developed Environmental Assessment checklist (EAC-2004) for small and medium enterprises including Marble processing units (MPUs). Under Environmental Assessment Checklist (EAC), installation of water recycling system is obligatory for all MPUs. Our preliminary survey revealed that only 20% MPUs impl...