Nadine Deslauriers-Varin- PhD Criminology
- Professor (Full) at Université Laval
Nadine Deslauriers-Varin
- PhD Criminology
- Professor (Full) at Université Laval
About
70
Publications
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Introduction
Nadine Deslauriers-Varin is a Professor in Criminology, the Associate Chair for the Criminology PhD Program at Université Laval, QC, Canada, and a Regional champion (Canada) for the iIIRG. Her current research projects are related to police investigations and investigative practices, police interviewing and interrogation; and - using a crime event approach (decision-making, crime-commission process, crime prevention) - arson, cybersex crimes and serial sexual and violent offending.
Current institution
Additional affiliations
August 2012 - present
Education
September 2008 - May 2014
Publications
Publications (70)
This study investigates target selection scripts of 72 serial sex offenders who have committed a total of 361 sex crimes on stranger victims. Using latent class analysis, three target selection scripts were identified based on the victim's activities prior to the crime, each presenting two different tracks: (1) the Home script, which includes the (...
Confessions are crucial to successful police investigations but scholars have significantly overlooked factors that contribute to an offender’s decision to confess a crime. This study aims to examine a large array of factors that play a role in the offender’s decision to confess a crime to the police and potential interaction effect among them. A t...
It is startling to read how few sexual offenses are reported in a year; even more shocking to see how few reports lead to an arrest. Research on effective responses to sexual offenses is much needed and ongoing. This edited book presents the current state of research on investigative techniques used in sex crime investigations, and the operational...
The objective of this study is to investigate how individuals convicted of online sexual crimes use language to deceive police investigators during investigative interviews. Discursive and interactional cues that may indicate deception were identified based on the suspects’ responses to questions asked by the police investigator, that is, whether t...
Very few studies have evaluated the combination of factors enabling the prediction of the confession of a sexual offense. This is particularly worrying when considering that confession rates are lower among those who have committed a sexual offense compared to those having committed other types of crime, and their confession is often the sole evide...
Despite the potential significance of stress on individuals during investigative interviews, the examination of its general impact remains an underexplored area of research, with previous studies primarily focused on the specific phenomenon of stress-induced false confessions. As for interrogation-related stressors, they are indirectly addressed in...
Research on confession has usually focused on showing that it is significantly associated with individual, crime-related, and situational/contextual variables and is both a static event and a dichotomous indicator of interview success. Recent work, however, suggests that investigative interviews are a dynamic process in which interrogation strategi...
This study aims to examine the sexual victimization process of individuals with disabilities using the interactional victimology theoretical framework. Specifically, we compare the victimological indicators of four different situations: victims were not disabled, victims were physically disabled, victims were psychologically disabled, and finally,...
This study aims to examine the sexual victimization process of individuals with disabilities using the interactional victimology theoretical framework. Specifically, we compare the victimological indicators of four different situations: victims were not disabled, victims were physically disabled, victims were psychologically disabled, and finally,...
Violence in sport is a major social issue generating great interest in research over the last 10 years. Studies to date highlight various forms and manifestations of violence in the lives of teenagers practicing individual or team sports, in competitive and recreational contexts. Although allegations of sexual violence involving coaches most often...
Background
Practitioners mandated to protect child development are sometimes dealing with children's inappropriate sexual behaviors. This set of behaviors presents a potential hindering impact on the child's development and important consequences for all children involved. Denial during the questioning of the child complicates the investigation of...
With the advent of forensic DNA testing which led to several exonerations of innocent prisoners in the last decades, there has been a noticeable increase of research on miscarriage of justice. Those studies have been able to establish many factors associated with wrongful convictions, such as tunnel vision, forensic error, perjured informant testim...
The Cognitive Interview for Suspects (CIS) is a recently designed information-gathering style interview method for interviewing suspects of crimes. Some components of this method (i.e., Mental context reinstatement, Report-everything inquiries) should make it possible to collect a large quantity of correct information, and to limit the misinformati...
This study investigated the modus operandi strategies employed by 120 coaches who committed sexual abuse toward 331 athletes under their authority. More than 2,000 Canadian court judgements and media reports were identified using online search databases. Using descriptive analysis, 51 strategies used in six modus operandi stages were identified. Re...
The current study aimed at testing the impact of the cognitive interview for suspects (CIS) used by trained custom officers on the quantity of gathered details, compared to a control standard interview (SI) used by untrained officers. Forty‐five mock‐suspects were required to perform a series of actions and each was interviewed by a pair of customs...
Most studies of confession during police interrogation have looked at the influence of various individual factors on the prevalence and probability of confession, neglecting potential interactions between factors and the possibility of combined influence on the suspect’s decision to confess or not. To bridge this gap, the present study proposes usi...
Establishing if a crime occurred and, ultimately, proving guilt can be accomplished in one of three ways: by witness/victim statements, by physical evidence, or by confession (Rossmo, 2009). The successful interviewing of suspects, victims, and witnesses is therefore of great importance. Until recently, no scientific knowledge was available to prov...
A recognized fact in criminology is that crime tends to concentrate in space, creating so-called crime hotspots. This observation has aroused an impressive enthusiasm over the past fifty years; researchers and practitioners saw into it a substantial potential in terms of crime prevention. However, the geography of crime has generally been studied f...
Les agressions sexuelles d’enfants sont considérées comme l’une des formes de crimes les plus graves. Malgré l’octroi de moyens humains et financiers importants aux forces de police, certains de ces crimes ne sont pas résolus. La perspective non discrétionnaire suggère que les agresseurs adoptent des comportements particuliers qui diminuent leurs r...
Depuis plus d'un siècle, la criminologie décrit, définit et tente d'expliquer des phénomènes criminologiques à des fins descriptives, explicatives et préventives. Le pont entre ces connaissances criminologiques et les pratiques policières est toutefois rarement franchi par les chercheurs et la contribution de la criminologie à la modernisation des...
La plupart des études sur la confession se sont penchées sur l'influence individuelle de différents facteurs explicatifs de la confession de suspects en contexte d'interrogatoire, négligeant les interactions potentielles entre ces facteurs et leur influence combinée sur la décision du suspect d'avouer ou non le crime reproché. Afin de remédier à ce...
La plupart des études sur la confession se sont penchées sur l’influence individuelle de différents facteurs explicatifs de la confession de suspects en contexte d’interrogatoire, négligeant les interactions potentielles entre ces facteurs et leur influence combinée sur la décision du suspect d’avouer ou non le crime reproché. Afin de remédier à ce...
Depuis plus d'un siècle, la criminologie décrit, définit et tente d'expliquer des phénomènes criminologiques à des fins descriptives, explicatives et préventives. Le pont entre ces connaissances criminologiques et les pratiques policières est toutefois rarement franchi par les chercheurs et la contribution de la criminologie à la modernisation des...
La plupart des études sur la confession se sont penchées sur l'influence individuelle de différents facteurs explicatifs de la confession de suspects en contexte d'interrogatoire, négligeant les interactions potentielles entre ces facteurs et leur influence combinée sur la décision du suspect d'avouer ou non le crime reproché. Afin de remédier à ce...
Les agressions sexuelles d'enfants sont considérées comme l'une des formes de crimes les plus graves. Malgré l'octroi de moyens humains et financiers importants aux forces de police, certains de ces crimes ne sont pas résolus. La perspective non discrétionnaire suggère que les agresseurs adoptent des comportements particuliers qui diminuent leurs r...
Annual Conference of the Society for Police and Criminal Psychology
A recognized fact in criminology is that crime tends to concentrate in space, creating so-called crime hotspots. According to the ecology of crime, this phenomenon would be a function of the environment in which a potential delinquent takes place. For example, the proponents of social disorganization theory argue that certain structural factors (e....
Despite extensive research, measurable benefits of predictive policing are scarce. We argue that powerful models might not always help the work of officers. Furthermore, developed models are often unexplainable, leading to trust issues between police intuition and machine-made prediction. We use a joint approach, mixing criminology and data science...
L'objectif de cette étude est de développer une typologie des incendiaires québécois, ainsi qu'une typologie des incendies criminels, toutes deux dérivées d'analyses statistiques et ayant une portée autant pratique que scientifique. En collectant des informations sociodémographiques, évènementielles et psychologiques, il fut possible de faire resso...
Depuis maintenant plus de deux décennies, les États-Unis disposent de registres publics
de délinquants sexuels et d’avis publics afin d’informer les citoyens de leur présence
dans la collectivité. Selon les promoteurs des lois ayant mené à l’implantation de ces
mesures, les registres et avis publics permettent d’accroître la sécurité publique puisq...
Denault, V., Plusquellec, P., Jupe, L. M., St-Yves, M., Dunbar, N. E., Hartwig, M., … van Koppen, P. J. (2020). L’analyse de la communication non verbale: Les dangers de la pseudoscience en contextes de sécurité et de justice [The analysis of nonverbal communication: The dangers of pseudoscience in security and justice contexts]. Revue internationa...
For security and justice professionals (e.g., police officers, lawyers, judges), the thousands of peer-reviewed articles on nonverbal communication represent important sources of knowledge. However, despite the scope of the scientific work carried out on this subject, professionals can turn to programs, methods, and approaches that fail to reflect...
Para los profesionales de la seguridad y la justicia (policías, abogados, jueces), los miles de artículos revisados por pares sobre comunicación no verbal representan fuentes importantes de conocimiento. Sin embargo, a pesar del alcance del trabajo científico realizado sobre este tema, los profesionales pueden recurrir a programas, métodos y enfoqu...
La confession en contexte d'interrogatoire policier est un élément important de l'enquê-te afin d'accumuler des preuves (Inbau, Reid, Buckley, et Jayne, 2001), résoudre le crime sous enquête (Phillips et Brown, 1998), et pour prouver la culpabilité d'un individu (Leo, 1996). Jusqu'à présent, les recherches effectuées dans ce domaine ont majoritaire...
About 2 103 arson cases are reported to police forces annually in the Province of Quebec, and 8 531 in Canada. Despite their high occurrence, few studies have focused on arson cases; the serial arsonist's spatial activities and behaviours, and the environmental factors associated to those crimes, remain unclear. Considering that arson are accountab...
For the last five years or so, predictive policing algorithms have been implemented in large cities. However, these algorithms are not always suited for small-to-medium cities. Furthermore, predictive policing solutions are seldom developed taking into account ergonomics, UX design and the implementation impact on the work environment. Combining de...
Il existe trois façons d’établir qu’un crime a bel et bien été commis et de faciliter
l’identification de l’auteur de ce crime : 1) par des déclarations de témoins ou de victimes, 2) par des preuves matérielles ou, 3) par des aveux de l’auteur du crime (Rossmo, 2009). En ce sens, une entrevue réussie auprès de suspects, de victimes et de témoins pe...
Des enquêtes basées sur la perception des procureurs, des juges et/ou des responsables de l’application des lois suggèrent que les condamnations à tort, sous leurs diverses formes, représentent environ 1% de toutes les condamnations pour une infraction grave aux États-Unis (Huff, Rattner, & Sagarin, 1996). Bien que ce pourcentage semble faible, en...
Le présent chapitre offre un aperçu de la prévention situationnelle (PS). Il débute tout d’abord par présenter les assises théoriques de la PS et certains concepts clés qui lui sont attachés. Par la suite, il est question des techniques permettant de mieux comprendre et analyser les problèmes, et des outils disponibles afin de réfléchir aux solutio...
Depuis quelques années, et cela n’est pas étranger au désir des corps policiers d’être de plus en plus proactifs (plutôt que traditionnellement réactif) et d’avoir des pratiques efficaces basées sur des données probantes (evidence-based policing), on assiste à une multiplication des études scientifiques qui visent à apporter support aux corps polic...
Chaque numéro publié d’une revue scientifique vient clore plusieurs rondes de tractations qui débutent au sein du comité de rédaction, se déplacent ensuite autour de ceux qui ont accepté de participer au numéro et se ramifient et se prolongent durant les évaluations et les révisions des manuscrits qui seront finalement publiés. Les directeurs succe...
L’objectif de ce chapitre est de décrire l’essentiel des bonnes pratiques en entrevue d’enquête et de faire part des limites et des risques associés à certaines méthodes d’entrevue.
Sexual assault and abuse are among the most heinous crimes that can be committed. However, these crimes are largely underreported worldwide. Despite this, research on the investigation of sexual assault and abuse cases has been slow to emerge and there exists an important gap between the current knowledge on sexual victimization and the police resp...
Crime specialization is one of the most researched and often-debated criminal career parameters. To date, the concept of specialization has been approached mainly from a static viewpoint whereby crime specialization and criminal versatility have been conceptualized as two opposite end of a continuum. Emerging research based on longitudinal data, ho...
Policy development to tackle the issue and promote prevention of sexual abuse seems to be driven by the assumption that sexual offenders are characterized by some pathology, which prevents them from controlling their sexual urges and renders them more likely to reoffend if they live close to places where children congregate. The chapter examines wh...
Crime linkage analysis constitutes a tool to help investigators prioritize suspects, but a scarcity of research and methodological issues limits our knowledge on behavioral consistency in sexual offenses. The current study identifies geographic and environmental factors that are useful in examining offending consistency across series of sexual assa...
Much has been said about risk assessment and risk prediction of sexual recidivism, but few studies have examined the risk management of high-risk sex offenders returning to the community. The current study explores the impact of an intensive supervision program in the province of British Columbia, Canada. A quasi-experimental design was implemented...
The present study examines consistency of crime behaviour among 347 sexual assaults committed by 69 serial sex offenders. This individual behaviour approach—the so-called signature approach—reveals which features of crime behaviour are consistent across a series and which features are not. The consistency scores were calculated using the Jaccard's...
This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note...
The Cracow is an assessment tool used to identify the risk/need factors in youth at various developmental stages, with the goal of developing individual, familial, and community interventions for violent youth. The Cracow is comprised of three sections measuring the risk/needs of the youth, treatment and intervention options, and externalizing beha...
This study aimed to investigate the offender’s decision making in crime confession during police interrogation. On the basis of a sample of 211 incarcerated offenders, the study showed that 21% of offenders changed their mind about confessing or not their crime following police interrogation. Logit regression indicated that contextual factors were...
Most studies of confessions have looked at the influence of individual factors, neglecting the potential interactions between these factors and their impact on the decision to confess or not during an interrogation. Classification and regression tree analyses conducted on a sample of 624 convicted sex offenders showed that certain factors related t...
This study examines the prevalence and the individual characteristics of chronically violent patients (CVPs) in a psychiatric hospital during inpatient treatment. The study is based on a 1-year follow-up investigation of all violent episodes committed by a sample of 527 patients in a forensic psychiatric hospital in British Columbia, Canada. Sociod...
This study provides a preliminary descriptive profile of individuals having been issued an 810 recognizance order (i.e., peace bond). This preventive order is issued to individuals in the community considered by the court to be high-risk sex offenders. In total, 88 offenders were issued an 810.1 (at risk of sexual offence against a child) or an 810...
"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtres ès sciences (M.Sc.) en criminologie" Thèse (M. Sc.)--Université de Montréal, 2006.
Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche plus large, traitant du recours à la psychopharmacothérapie dans la prise en charge des jeunes placés en centres jeunesse. Il s’agit ici de comprendre plus spécifiquement comment l’intervention des éducateurs en matière de risques suicidaires a été influencée, voire même transformée par...
