Nadin Beckmann

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Verified

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• Dr. rer. nat.
• Professor (Full) at Durham University

The study aimed to investigate the status of within-person state variability in neuroticism and conscientiousness as individual differences constructs by exploring their (a) temporal stability, (b) cross-context consistency, (c) empirical links to selected antecedents, and (d) empirical links to longer-term trait variability. Employing a sample of...

The study of dynamic within-person personality responses using repeated measurement designs is emerging as a new focus in the study of personality at work and offers great potential to build on and extend the large body of work on traits conducted by organizational researchers. In this chapter we provide a definition and discussion of dynamic perso...

This study focuses on intra-individual variability in personality at work, and how it relates to job performance. 288 professionals completed contextualised adjective-based personality assessments in work and non-work contexts, and a non-contextualised personality measure. Ratings of their personality were also obtained from colleagues, family memb...

The burgeoning increase in the importance given to non-cognitive factors in complex decisions making, has led to calls to question intelligence as the primary explanatory model of success. Features of a business microworld simulation were experimentally manipulated to investigate the incremental value of 20 cognitive and non-cognitive predictors of...

Background Recent research has suggested that emotion dysregulation (ED) is a key mechanism which explains the associations between mental health illnesses, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and internalising problems, among youth. However, literature reviews have led to mixed and inconclusive findings on the conceptualisations of...

Psychology is concerned with both general laws of psychological functioning and with the individual person. The debate surrounding nomothetics and idiographics has been brought up repeatedly, but it has never been completely resolved. We therefore aim to provide conceptual clarity on how the terms “idiographic” and “nomothetic” are used and how con...

Psychology is concerned with both general laws of psychological functioning and with the individual person. The debate surrounding nomothetics and idiographics has been brought up repeatedly, but it has never been completely resolved. We therefore aim to provide conceptual clarity on how the terms “idiographic” and “nomothetic” are used and how con...

Studies of personality at work have made significant contributions to theory and applied practice in work and organizational settings. This review article proposes that there are also reciprocal influences between core personality science and research on personality in work and organizations, each drawing on insights from the other. Following this...

Negative emotions are related to poor performance in between-person analyses but facilitate performance in within-person analyses, under certain conditions. We examine the effect of situation contingent negative emotions (SCE) on performance, and trait neuroticism as a moderator of that relationship. SCE modelled negative emotions as responses to p...

Researchers rely on psychometric principles when trying to gain understanding of unobservable psychological phenomena disconfounded from the methods used. Psychometric models provide us with tools to support this endeavour, but they are agnostic to the meaning researchers intend to attribute to the data. We define method effects as resulting from a...

Ascertaining the value of a study abroad experience on facilitating language development has long been a goal of Second Language Acquisition scholars. There is currently a plethora of studies regarding the topic, yet, despite this, the evidence remains inconclusive and contradictory. This systematic review evaluates the impact of study abroad among...

Background The array of availability of diverse digital reading applications, the mixed results emerging from small‐scale experimental studies, as well as the long‐standing tradition and range of known positive developmental outcomes gained from adult‐child storybook reading warrant an investigation into electronic storybooks (e‐books) by performin...

Chinese students are frequently seen as passive learners because of their apparent reluctance to speak, particularly in English classrooms. However, this impression seems to reflect a stereotype which is likely to confound willingness to communicate (WTC) and communication behaviour. In this article we argue for more attention to be paid to individ...

Historically, understanding intelligence has been a decidedly be- tween-subjects endeavour. Yet, knowing what intelligence is correlated with tell us little about its basis. In this talk we reflect on insights gained by within-subject experimental manipulations designed to investigate a process-oriented approach to human intellect. Study 1 (N=142 s...

We test an integrative conceptualisation of personality, i.e. a per- spective that acknowledges both stable inter-individual differences and dynamic intra-individual variability. The focus is on intra-individual variability in personality at work, and how it relates to job perfor- mance. 288 professionals completed contextualised adjective-based as...

Willingness to communicate (WTC) used to be studied as a relatively stable, trait-like predisposition; however, recently attention has shifted to the more dynamic, state-like components of WTC. This research investigates variability and stability in state WTC, particularly focusing on within-person variability, which may lead to stable between-pers...

The historical perspective of intelligence is a decidedly between-subjects affair. This is reflected in the dominance of factor analysis as both a psychometric tool for validation and as the cornerstone of the theoretical conceptualisation of intelligence as a hierarchically structured human attribute (Thurston 1938, Horn and Cattell 1966, Carroll...

Conscientiousness and neuroticism were studied as situation contingencies in a sample of 124 managers. Experience sampling measures of situational characteristics, state conscientiousness and state neuroticism were collected before, during and after the performance of a range of tasks completed in an executive training program of five 3-day session...

Willingness to communicate (WTC) used to be seen as a stable, trait-like communicative tendency; however, in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), attention has recently shifted to its more dynamic, state-like components. This article systematically reviews the literature on the situational antecedents that might contribute to variation i...

Organisational researchers have recently begun to focus on the more dynamic aspects of personality in the workplace. The present study examines individual differences in the affective processes that underlie one such dynamic construct, task-contingent conscientiousness. Using experience sampling data collected over three weeks from 201 managers, we...

This paper presents findings from a comparative study of peer- and teacher-led Sex and Relationship Education (SRE). One lesson delivered by a peer educator, and one lesson delivered by a teacher was observed with the aim of exploring the communicative process between educators and students within SRE. It is claimed that open communication between...

Online instructional videos are becoming increasingly common within education. This study adopts a quasi-experimental 2 × 2 crossover design (control and experimental groups) to evaluate the efficacy of instructional videos to teach practical rehabilitation skills. The students performed practical sessions in class and were formatively assessed by...

The Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test entails a 40-min contextualized interaction with a set of progressively difficult cognitive activities. Item-to-item experiences accumulate to total scores determined by, and reflective of, cognitive abilities. The current research is interested in what happens during those 40 min. Personality (Openness,...

A Bayesian technique with analyses of within-person processes at the level of the individual is presented. The approach is used to examine whether the patterns of within-person responses on a 12-trial simulation task are consistent with the predictions of ITA theory (Dweck, 1999). ITA theory states that the performance of an individual with an enti...

Whilst micro-worlds or simulations have increasingly been used in higher education settings, students do not always benefit as expected from these learning opportunities. By using an experimental-control group design we tested the effectiveness of structuring the task environment so as to encourage learners to approach simulations more systematical...

The aim of this study was to further shed light on the relationship between neuroticism and performance by taking into account the situation-specific experience of neuroticism when undertaking cognitive tasks. A total of 121 high-performing professionals completed a state measure of neuroticism before solving a complex cognitive task. Indicators of...

We predict real-time fluctuations in employees' positive and negative emotions from concurrent appraisals of the immediate task situation and individual differences in performance goal orientation. Task confidence, task importance, positive emotions, and negative emotions were assessed 5 times per day for 3 weeks in an experience sampling study of...

Should managers deliberately employ humor to persuade and motivate staff? A framework is presented for analyzing the role of humor in managerial communications. The framework includes the presenter, recipient, message, and medium and elaborates cognitive and emotional reactions to humor by recipients. The framework is applied to analyses of the lik...

Research on personality in the workplace has primarily focussed on differences between individuals in their typical thoughts, feelings and behaviours as represented in the five-factor model of personality (McCrae & Costa, 1999). We argue that a within-person conceptualisation of personality offers additional meaningful insights into the role of per...

Research on personality structure has primarily focused on patterns of covariation between traits, and less emphasis has been put on the organization of relationships between thoughts, feelings and behaviors as they occur within individuals. Over several weeks 115 managers from large Australian companies were assessed multiple times a day employing...

The present study examined the viability of incorporating task-contingent units into the study of personality at work, using conscientiousness as an illustrative example. We used experience-sampling data from 123 managers to show that (a) momentary conscientiousness at work is contingent on the difficulty and urgency demands of the tasks people are...

The article focuses on contingent beliefs that can predict the within-person variations of personality which affect conscientiousness in the workplace. Evaluation is based three psychological aspects of job performance which are task importance, task difficulty, and task urgency. The research methods used in this study include the experience sampli...

This study takes an individual differences' perspective on performance feedback effects in psychometric testing. A total of 105 students in a mainstream secondary school in North East England undertook a cognitive ability test on two occasions. In one condition, students received item-specific accuracy feedback while in the other (standard conditio...

The authors review and critique the conduct and reporting of mediation analyses in 409 studies published in five leading organization studies journals over the past 25 years. The aim of the study is to learn from past practice and to use that knowledge to signal to researchers the importance of correctly applying mediation tests as well as to facil...

The positive effects of humor have provided justification for the increasing use of humor interventions in customer services, leadership, problem solving, teams and coping with stress, to name a few applications. These prescriptions ignore the fact that much of the humor in organizational behavior is negative and likely to have detrimental effects...

Cervone, Shadel, Smith, and Fiori (2006) outline an approach to the study of self-regulation that is consistent with but extends research on self-regulation and motivation within organisational psychology. At the same time, their model represents a new perspective for the study of personality processes within organisations and one that conflicts wi...

In an experimental study, a set of 12 number series problems with open-answer format had to be solved by a sample of 120 eighth and ninth graders randomly assigned to one of two test conditions (standard condition: no feedback; feedback condition: correct/incorrect item-by-item feedback). Task-related self-confidence and worry was measured before a...

Düsseldorf, Universiẗat, Diss., 2004 (Nicht für den Austausch).