Nadia Alejandra Rivero-Segura

Instituto Nacional De Geriatría · Investigación Básica

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in older individuals worldwide. Pharmacological treatment for such a disease consists of drugs such as monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors to increase dopamine concentration in the brain. However, such drugs have adverse reactions that limit their use for extended perio...

Aging has been defined as a biological process characterized by the functional decline of organs and systems leading to vulnerability and a susceptible state for developing neuronal, musculoskeletal, behavioral, and cardiovascular diseases and disorders. Sleep disorders, including insomnia, are common during aging, and these conditions have been as...

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is among the main causes of mortality worldwide. A rapid and opportune diagnosis is crucial to improve a patient’s outcomes; despite the current advanced image technologies for diagnosis, their implementation is challenging. MicroRNAs have been recognized as useful as biomarkers since they are specific and stable for cha...

Humanity has suffered from many epidemiological diseases and pandemics throughout history. The course of many diseases has changed thanks to the possibility of knowing who is causing them. Microscopy has been a fundamental tool in the clinical and research findings of the etiological agents of several diseases, allowing a correct diagnosis to be ma...

A broad definition of molecular epidemiology refers to the application of molecular genetic techniques for disease characterization in a population. In this context, since the human genome was published, everyday we make progress in the development of new high-throughput technologies that simplify its study, allowing us to obtain new knowledge on i...

Nowadays, digital technologies are transforming the health sector around the world, and the use of digital technology in healthcare is constantly increasing. Digital health is an emerging field of study at the intersection of healthcare and digital technologies, with high impact in the last decade; however, the concept of digital health continues t...

Proteomics refers to the study of the proteome and the set of proteins present in a cell or organism in health or disease; this comprises a wide variety of techniques, from the 2D-electrophoresis gels to the most advanced technologies such as NMR spectroscopy. Hence, in this chapter we performed a deep review regarding the available proteomic techn...

This book covers some of the most novel genetic and genomic concepts in epidemiology, such as geospatial statistics and systems biology from a clinical point of view by explaining molecular applications with accessible human studies. Featuring a comprehensive table of contents, it includes chapters from genomics and epidemiology surveillance to tra...

The decline in brain function during aging is one of the most critical health problems nowadays. Although senescent astrocytes have been found in old-age brains and neurodegenerative diseases, their impact on the function of other cerebral cell types is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of senescent astrocytes on the mitocho...

It has been well recognized that prolactin (PRL), a pleiotropic hormone, has many functions in the brain, such as maternal behavior, neurogenesis, and neuronal plasticity, among others. Recently, it has been reported to have a significant role in neuroprotection against excitotoxicity. Glutamate excitotoxicity is a common alteration in many neurolo...

The COVID-19 pandemic has already taken the lives of more than 2 million people worldwide, causing several political and socio-economic disturbances in our daily life. At the time of publication, there are non-effective pharmacological treatments, and vaccine distribution represents an important challenge for all countries. In this sense, research...

The aging process has been linked to the occurrence of chronic diseases and functional impairments, including cancer, sarcopenia, frailty, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nonetheless, aging is highly variable and heterogeneous and represents a challenge for its characterization. In this sense, intrinsic capacity (IC) stan...

As the novel COVID-19 disease spreads around the world, the most affected population are those who suffer from the most common chronic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, which are quite associated with the so-called age-related diseases. On the other hand, since the Spanish influenza outbreak, humanity has not experienced...

As the novel COVID-19 disease spreads around the world, the most affected population are those who suffer from the most common chronic diseases, such as obesity, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes, which are quite associated with the so-called age-related diseases. On the other hand, since the Spanish influenza outbreak, humanity has not experienced...

The world population is rapidly aging—it is estimated that by 1950, around 17% of the population will be elderly. In this context, aging involves several physiological, psychological and highly complex social processes that vary from one person to another. For a long time, medical care for older adults has focused on treating chronic, age-related d...

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are a large group of pathologies characterized by the progressive loss of selective neurons population with various factors that trigger their pathogenesis. With time the research about these increases exponentially, therefore, in the present chapter, we focus only on the most recent clinical biomarkers reported for...

The literature refers to the mitochondrion as the powerhouse of the cell, since this organelle is the primary source of energy production in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria are not simple machines that produce energy. For instance, recent studies have proposed that mitochondria are a significant hub among several signaling pathways that...

Prolactin, via its receptor variants, plays an important role in various tissues including brain. Many studies have been performed to define the regulation of prolactin and its receptor in the pituitary gland, both in females and males of different species. However, gender differences at transcriptional level have not been completely established no...

Prolactin (Prl) is a pleiotropic hormone with multiple functions in several tissues and organs, including the brain. In the hippocampus, Prl has been implicated in several functions, including neuroprotection against excitotoxicity in lactating rats and in Prl-treated ovariectomized animals. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in Prl actions...

Prolactin (PRL) is a pleiotropic hormone secreted by several cells and tissues in the body, such as mammary glands, T-lymphocytes, hypothalamus, among others. This hormone possess neuroprotective properties against glutamate-excitotoxicity through the activation of NF-kB, suggesting it could exert an antioxidant action. However, the role of PRL on...

Mammea-type coumarins are a particular type of secondary metabolites biosynthesized by the tropical rainforest tree Calophyllum Brasiliense, which is distributed from South America to Mexico. Particularly, mammea A/BA and A/BB (alone or as a mixture) possess biological properties such as cytotoxic and antitumoral activities, however, most of its mo...

Ageing is one of the most complex processes in nature; how could we prevent the associated biological changes and chronic diseases that string along with this process, is a challenge in healthcare around the world. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have reached a stage where it is possible to know from a specific tissue the most abundan...

Introduction: Prolactin is a peptide hormone mainly synthetized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, but also by extrapituitary tissues, such as mammary gland, decidua, prostate, skin, and possibly the brain. Similarly, prolactin receptor is expressed in the pituitary gland, many peripheral tissues, and in contrast to prolactin, its recep...

Under standard conditions NF-κB is spread in the body of the neuron. Cytoskeleton was stained green with Phalloidin 488: nuclei were stained blue with Hoechst and in NF-κB protein was labeled in red. (MP4)

Neurons treated with both PRL/Glu maintains the NF-κB activation. Cytoskeleton was stained green with Phalloidin 488: nuclei were stained blue with Hoechst and in NF-κB protein was labeled in red. (MP4)

Prolactin (PRL) is a peptidic hormone that displays pleiotropic functions in the organism including different actions in the brain. PRL exerts a neuroprotective effect against excitotoxicity produced by glutamate (Glu) or kainic acid in both in vitro and in vivo models. It is well known that Glu excitotoxicity causes cell death through apoptotic or...

Oophorectomy in adult rats affected cardiac mitochondrial function. Progression of mitochondrial alterations was assessed at one, two and three months post-surgery: at one-month very slight changes were observed, which increased at two and three months. Gradual effects included decrease in the rates of oxygen consumption and in respiratory uncoupli...

Calophyllum brasiliense (Calophyllaceae) is a tropical rain forest tree, mainly distributed in South and Central America. It is an important source of bioactive natural products like, for instance soulatrolide, and mammea type coumarins. Soulatrolide is a tetracyclic dipyranocoumarins and a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and Mycoba...

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cellular invasiveness are two pivotal processes for the development of metastatic tumor phenotypes. The metastatic profile of non-metastatic MCF-7 cells growing as multi-cellular tumor microspheroids (MCTSs) was analyzed by determining the contents of the EMT, invasiveness and migratory proteins, as well...

Succinate-driven oxidation via CII may have a significant contribution towards the high rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by mitochondria. Here, we show that the CII Q site inhibitor, TTFA blocks succinate + rotenone-driven ROS production, whereas the CIII Qo inhibitor stigmatellin has no effect, indicating CII, not CIII is the ROS-...

Succinate-driven oxidation via complex II (CII) may have a significant contribution towards the high rates of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria. Here, we show that the CII Q site inhibitor thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) blocks succinate + rotenone-driven ROS production, whereas the complex III (CIII) Qo inhibitor stigmatel...