Nabil Alrajeh

King Saud University | KKUH · Department of Biomedical Technology

Energy management and efficient asset utilization play an important role in the economic development of a country. The electricity produced at the power station faces two types of losses from the generation point to the end user. These losses are technical losses (TL) and non-technical losses (NTL). TLs occurs due to the use of inefficient equipmen...

In Vehicular Energy Networks (VENs) operating in Smart Health Care Systems (SHaCarS), reputation of vehicles, i.e., ambulances, plays an important role as all functions depend upon it including message sharing, energy trading, etc. Keeping this in view, this paper presents a reputation management scheme. To ensure that the proposed scheme is secure...

Cities are big consumers of energy and big producers of pollution. In the past years, the concept of smart cities has been applied to reduce the release of pollutants, and to reduce the energy consumption. In this paper, we present a wireless sensor network based on solid sensor nodes to detect illicit discharges in sewerage. The solid sensor is an...

The ambulance service is the main transport for diseased or injured people which suffers the same acceleration forces as regular vehicles. These accelerations, caused by the movement of the vehicle, impact the performance of tasks executed by sanitary personnel, which can affect patient survival or recovery time. In this paper, we have trained, val...

In the modern world, numerous opportunities help detect electricity theft happening in electricity grids due to the widespread shifting of people from old metering infrastructure to advanced metering infrastructure (AMI). It is done by studying the consumers' energy consumption (EC) readings provided by smart meters (SM). The literature introduces...

The current study uses a data-driven method for Nontechnical Loss (NTL) detection using smart meter data. Data augmentation is performed using six distinct theft attacks on benign users’ samples to balance the data from honest and theft samples. The theft attacks help to generate synthetic patterns that mimic real-world electricity theft patterns....

Video streaming has become extremely widespread, especially with the growing number of users and the spread of mobile devices, along with the increase in the availability and diversity of multimedia applications and communication technologies. Real-time video communication requires awareness of the quality of experience (QoE) to provide customers w...

The implementation of Smart City projects has experimented a surge in the recent years with examples such as Smart Santander or Barcelona Smart City. Among the different domains that comprise the Smart City, water management has a great importance, more so in areas with water scarcity. Furthermore, water from different sources such as treated sewag...

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Recent advancements of Industrial IoT (IIoT) have revolutionized modern urbanization and smart cities. While IIoT data contains rich events and objects of interest, processing a massive amount of IIoT data and making predictions in real-time is challenging. Recent advancements in AI allow processing such a massive amount of IIoT data and generating...

Video streaming requires reliable transmission and a steady network to satisfy the video users and applications QoS needs. The network service must provide and meet a certain level of performance to accommodating these QoS, specially in Smart City environments, but current Internet best-effort service does not guarantee QoS. Software-defined networ...

This paper estimates the impact of policies on the current status of Healthcare Human Resources (HHR) in Saudi Arabia and explores the initiatives that will be adopted to achieve Saudi Vision 2030. Retrospective time-series data from the Ministry of Health (MOH) and statistical yearbooks between 2003 and 2015 are analyzed to identify the impact of...

In order to flatten the curve and lower human-to-human transmission of COVID-19 pathogen, one of the critical suggestions by health professionals is to monitor COVID-19 virus status of each human dynamically which is not a pragmatic solution unless the COVID-19 positive, negative, or symptomatic subjects are identified and have a secure health cert...

Internet of Health Things (IoHT) have allowed connected health paradigm ubiquitous. 5 G supported healthcare vertical allows IoHT to offer connected health monitoring with quality of service and ultra-low latency. Deep learning has shown potential in processing massive amount of IoHT data that are generated daily, automate connected healthcare work...

In this article, we share our experiences in designing and developing a suite of deep neural network–(DNN) based COVID-19 case detection and recognition framework. Existing pathological tests such as RT-PCR-based pathogen RNA detection from nasal swabbing seem to display low detection rates during the early stages of virus contraction. Moreover, th...

In smart grids, electricity theft is the most significant challenge. It cannot be identified easily since existing methods are dependent on specific devices. Also, the methods lack in extracting meaningful information from high-dimensional electricity consumption data and increase the false positive rate that limit their performance. Moreover, imba...

Medical IoT devices are rapidly becoming part of management ecosystems for pandemics such as COVID-19. Existing research shows that deep learning (DL) algorithms have been successfully used by researchers to identify COVID-19 phenomena from raw data obtained from medical IoT devices. Some examples of IoT technology are radiological media such as CT...

B5G-based tactile edge learning shows promise as a solution to handle infectious diseases such as COVID-19 at a global level. By leveraging edge computing with the 5G RAN, management of epidemic diseases such as COVID-19 can be conducted efficiently. Deploying a hierarchical edge computing architecture offers several benefits such as scalability, l...

In this work, Electric Vehicles (EVs) are charged using a new and improved charging mechanism called the Mobile-Vehicle-to-Vehicle (M2V) charging strategy. It is further compared with conventional Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) charging strategies. In the proposed work, the charging of vehicles is done in a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) ma...

Computer networks are subject to an unprecedented number and variety of attack, the majority of which are distributed denial of service (DDoS). The nature and mechanisms employed in these DDoS attacks continually change, creating a significant challenge for detection and management. To address this evolving nature of attacks, approaches are require...

In this paper, a blockchain-based secure data sharing mechanism is proposed for Vehicular Networks (VNs). Edge service providers are introduced along with ordinary nodes to efficiently manage service provisioning. The edge service providers are placed in the neighborhood of the ordinary nodes to ensure smooth communication between them. The huge am...

Grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm is a relatively recent and novel optimization approach. GWO showed performance improvement over all competing algorithms. However, the relevant literature identified that the primary GWO due to it’s position update equation shows superiority in exploitation, but is inefficient in exploration. It shows slow con...

The fossil fuel based power generators emit CO 2 and expensive electricity. In this paper, fog as a virtual power plant (FaaVPP) is proposed to integrate power of distributed renewable power generators and the utility for a community. A prosumer-consumer and service providing company oriented linear model is proposed to minimize power consumption c...

In this paper, depth and reliability aware delay 1 sensitive (DRADS), interference aware DRADS (iDRADS) and 2 cooperative iDRADS (Co-iDRADS) routing protocols are pro-3 posed for maximizing network good-put while minimizing end-4 to-end delay. We have introduced a new metric called depth 5 threshold to minimize the number of hops between source and...

This paper investigates the performance of a bufferaided IoT based cooperative relay network. In the proposed design, each location in a buffer is assumed to act independently called the virtual relay having a buffer of size 1. The relay selection is based on instantaneous strength of the wireless link and status of the virtual relay buffer. The pr...

With the emergence of smart grid (SG), the consumers have the opportunity to integrate renewable energy sources (RESs) and take part in demand side management (DSM). In this paper, we introduce generic home energy management control system (HEMCS) model having energy management control unit (EMCU) to efficiently schedule household load and integrat...

Average distances are widely used in many fields for calculating the distances between two sets of elements. This paper presents several new average distances by using the ordered weighted average, the probability and the weighted average. First, the work presents the probabilistic ordered weighted averaging weighted average distance (POWAWAD) oper...

Traffic accidents have become an important problem for governments, researchers and vehicle manufacturers over the last few decades. However, accidents are unfortunate and frequently occur on the road and cause death, damage to infrastructure, and health injuries. Therefore, there is a need to develop a protocol to avoid or prevent traffic accident...

Although wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been the object of research focus for the past two decades, fault diagnosis in these networks has received little attention. This is an essential requirement for wireless networks, especially in WSNs, because of their ad-hoc nature, deployment requirements and resource limitations. Therefore, in this pa...

The distinctive features of acoustic communication channel-like high propagation delay, multi-path fading, quick attenuation of acoustic signal, etc. limit the utilization of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). The immutable selection of forwarder node leads to dramatic death of node resulting in imbalanced energy depletion and void hole c...

Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Smart grid (SG) is one of the most advanced technologies, which plays a key role in maintaining a balance between demand and supply by implementing demand response (DR) program. In SG, the main focus of the researchers is on home energy management (HEM) system, which is called demand side management (DSM). Appliance...

Industrial Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (IUASNs) come with intrinsic challenges like long propagation delay, small bandwidth, large energy consumption, three-dimensional deployment, and high deployment and battery replacement cost. Any routing strategy proposed for IUASN must take into account these constraints. The vector based forwarding s...

In this letter, we discuss multiple links with equal weights, in buffer size based relay selection schemes in cooperative wireless networks. A general relay selection factor is defined, which includes the weight of the link as the first metric and the link quality, or priority, as the second metric for different cases of the same weight. The Markov...

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) facilitate a wide range of aquatic applications in various domains. However, the harsh underwater environment poses challenges like low bandwidth, long propagation delay, high bit error rate, high deployment cost, irregular topological structure, etc. Node mobility and the uneven distribution of sensor no...

In Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), there are two major factors which degrade the performance of the network. One is the void hole which occurs in a particular region due to unavailability of forwarder nodes. The other is the presence of energy hole which occurs due to imbalanced data traffic load on intermediate no...

Recently, Home Energy Management (HEM) controllers have been widely used for residential load management in a smart grid. Generally, residential load management aims {to reduce the electricity bills and also curtail the Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR)}. In this paper, we design a HEM controller on the {basis} of four heuristic algorithms: Bacterial For...

In Internet of Things enabling Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), there are two major factors which degrade the performance of the network. The one is the void hole which occurs in a particular region due to unavailability of forwarder nodes. The other one is the presence of energy hole which occurs due to imbalanced data traffic load on intermediate...

Demand Side Management (DSM) will play a significant role in the future smart grid by managing loads in a smart way. DSM programs, realized via Home Energy Management (HEM) systems for smart cities, provide many benefits; consumers enjoy electricity price savings and utility operates at reduced peak demand. In this paper, Evolutionary Algorithms (E...

For energy-efficient resource management, void node avoidance is one of the key objectives in the energy constrained underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). In this paper, we propose two new routing protocols for the UWSN which is one of the end parts of a cloud. The first protocol is avoiding void node with adaptive hop-by-hop vector based fo...

Applications of Internet of Things underwater wireless sensor networks (IoTUWSNs) like imaging underwater life, environmental monitoring, supervising geological processes on the ocean floor, etc., demand for a prolonged network lifetime. However, these networks face many challenges; like, high path loss, limited available bandwidth, limited battery...

In this paper, a Multi-agent based locally administrated Power Distribution Hub (PDH) for social welfare is proposed that optimizes energy consumption, allocation and management of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) for a smart community. Initially, formulation regarding optimum selection of a power storage system for a home (in terms of storag...

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy balancing and energy efficiency are the key requirements to prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, we investigate the problem of energy hole, where sensor nodes located near the sink or in some other parts of the network die very early due to unbalanced load distribution. Moreover, there is a dire ne...

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) models are very important for electric industry in the trade of energy. These models have many applications in the day-today operations of electric utility(ies) like energy generation planning, load switching, energy purchasing, infrastructure maintenance and contract evaluation. A large variety of STLF models hav...

The ordered weighted average (OWA) aggregation is an extension of the classical weighted average by using a reordering process of the arguments in a decreasing or increasing way. This article presents new averaging aggregation operators by using sums and order inducing variables. This approach produces the induced ordered weighted average sum (IOWA...

Faculty staffing is one of several capacity-related problems which university administrators are confronted with every academic term. Public higher education institutions usually target nonmonetary goals such as strength of the research production, high quality of knowledge delivery, or reputation. It is an urgent necessity for many public institut...

Due to the recent development in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have become a major area of interest for the developers and researchers. Human body exhibits postural mobility due to which distance variation occurs and the status of connections amongst sensors change time to time. One of the maj...

In this paper, we comparatively evaluate the performance of home energy management controller which is designed on the basis of heuristic algorithms; genetic algorithm (GA), binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) and ant colony optimization (ACO). In this regard, we introduce a generic architecture for demand side management (DSM) which integrat...

In this paper, we present an energy optimization technique to schedule three types of household appliances (user dependent, interactive schedulable and unschedulable) in response to the dynamic behaviours of customers, electricity prices and weather conditions. Our optimization technique schedules household appliances in real time to optimally cont...

This paper presents real time information based energy management algorithms to reduce electricity cost and peak to average ratio (PAR) while preserving user comfort in a smart home. We categorize household appliances into thermostatically controlled (tc), user aware (ua), elastic (el), inelastic (iel) and regular (r) appliances/loads. An optimizat...

This paper embeds a bi-fold contribution for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks 1 (UWSNs); performance analysis of incremental relaying in terms of outage and error probability, 2 and based on the analysis proposition of two new cooperative routing protocols. Subject to 3 the first contribution, a three step procedure is carried out; a system mode...

In Smart Grid (SG), integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind is a challenging task due to their intermittent nature. Most of the existing Demand Side Management (DSM) techniques are based on Day Ahead Pricing (DAP) or Time of Use (TOU) pricing which can deviate from Real Time Pricing (RTP) due to unpredictable energy consumpti...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) utilize fast, cheap, and effective applications to imitate the human intelligence capability of sensing on a wider distributed scale. But acquiring data from the deployment area of a WSN is not always easy and multiple issues arise, including the limited resources of sensor devices run with one-time batteries. Additi...

Demand Side Management (DSM) through optimization of home energy consumption in smart grid environment is now one of the well-known research areas. Appliances scheduling has been done through many different algorithms to reduce peak load and consequently the Peak to Average Ratio (PAR). This paper presents a Comprehensive Home Energy Management Arc...

In this work, we propose a Realistic Scheduling Mechanism (RSM) to reduce user frustration and enhance appliance utility by classifying appliances with respective constraints and their time of use effectively. Algorithms are proposed regarding functioning of home appliances. A 24 hour time slot is divided into four logical sub-time slots, each comp...

In this study,we analyse incremental cooperative communication for wireless body area networks (WBANs) with different numbers of relays. Energy efficiency (EE) and the packet error rate (PER) are investigated for different schemes. We propose a new cooperative communication scheme with three-stage relaying and compare it to existing schemes. Our pr...

With the rapid development in mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), it has become very essential to focus on the efficiency in performance of small sensing nodes operating in WSNs. While designing a routing protocol for mobile sensor nodes, the quality parameters like end-to-end delays and routing overhead are always considered. Moreover, the nod...

Due to the limited battery capacity of sensor nodes, a minimization of energy consumption is a potential research area in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). However, energy hole and coverage hole creations lead performance degradation of UWSNs in terms of network lifetime and throughput. In this paper, we address the energy hole creation...

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are generally created for temporary scenarios. In such scenarios, where nodes are in mobility, efficient routing is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose an adaptive and cross-layer multipath routing protocol for such changing scenarios. Our routing mechanisms operate keeping in view the type of applications....

In the operation of a smart grid (SG), day-ahead load forecasting (DLF) is an important task. The SG can enhance the management of its conventional and renewable resources with a more accurate DLF model. However, DLF model development is highly challenging due to the non-linear characteristics of load time series in SGs. In the literature, DLF mode...

Most applications of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) demand reliable data delivery over a longer period in an efficient and timely manner. However, the harsh and unpredictable underwater environment makes routing more challenging as compared to terrestrial WSNs. Most of the existing schemes deploy mobile sensors or a mobile sink (MS) to...

In this paper, we propose mathematical optimization models of household energy units to optimally control the major residential energy loads while preserving the user preferences. User comfort is modeled in a simple way which considers appliance class, user preferences and weather conditions. The Wind Driven Optimization (WDO) algorithm with the ob...

Performance enhancement of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) in terms of throughput maximization, energy conservation and Bit Error Rate (BER) minimization is a potential research area. However, limited available bandwidth, high propagation delay, highly dynamic network topology, and high error probability leads to performance degradation...

The demand-side management (DSM) is one of the most important aspects in future smart grids: towards electricity generation cost by minimizing the expensive thermal peak power plants. The DSM greatly affects the individual users’ cost and per unit cost. The main objective of this research article is to develop a generic demand-side management (G-DS...