Mutlu Özcan

• DDS, DMD, PhD
• Director Center for Dental Medicine at University of Zurich

Purpose Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a condition affecting the temporomandibular joint, chewing muscle, and surrounding structures, and often characterized by pain. Laser acupuncture (LA), consisting in the stimulation of traditional acupoints with low-intensity laser irradiation, has been reported as effective for treating chronic musculosk...

Purpose of the Review The purpose of this study was to perform a scoping review on the comparison between tooth-derived matrix and demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) granules for enhanced bone healing. Recent Findings Previous studies reported micro-scale pores in dentin-matrix granules due to the remnant dentin that promote the adsorption o...

Background/Objectives: Fabrication of ceramic restorations with higher performance, biocompatibility, and mechanical durability, as well as excellent optical properties, is challenging. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the mechanical properties and surface roughness of different glass ceramics manufactured with CAD/CAM and pressed...

Statement of problem: One of the major challenges in restorative dentistry is to provide optimal esthetics in a minimally invasive way. The optimization of dental esthetics and function is directly related to the position and alignment of the anterior teeth, but whether prerestorative clear aligner therapy will enhance esthetics and minimize resto...

Purpose This study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity (irritant potency) of toothpaste ingredients, of which some had known to have sensitizing properties. Materials From the wide variety of toothpaste ingredients, Xylitol, Propylene glycol (PEG), Sodium metaphosphate (SMP), Lemon, Peppermint, Fluoride, Cinnamon, and Triclosan and Sodium dodecyl...

In the present in vitro study, we evaluated the adhesion of an injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) to laser-textured zirconia surfaces and their resultant friction behavior against bone tissue. Three types of zirconia surfaces were compared regarding the i-PRF coating effects: 1) grit blasted with 250-μm spherical alumina particles and acid etc...

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different types of low level laser treatment (LLLT) in reducing pain levels, changing oxygen saturation and bite force in patients with myofacial pain syndrome (MPS). 45 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: Group 1 (GRR laser, n = 15) received LLLT with Gallium-Aluminium-Arsenide...

Aim To evaluate and compare the surface morphology, wettability, roughness, and bacterial adhesion properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) materials fabricated by conventional methods and 3D printing for complete denture applications. Materials and methods Two PMMA materials were investigated: Conventionally processed (ProBase Hot) and 3D-pri...

Objective: To evaluate the effects of preheating procedure and polymerization modes on degree of conversion (DC) of resin composites. Methods: Three different types of composites - a conventional (GrandioSO - [GSO]), a bulkfill (GrandioSO x-tra - [GSX]), and a thermoviscous bulkfill (VisCalor bulk - [VCB]) - were investigated. Three specimens were...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the ceramic bonding to cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloys fabricated by casting, milling, and additive manufacturing, compared with zirconia and nickel–chromium. One hundred specimens (N = 100), prepared with the dimensions of 25 × 3 × 0.5 mm³, were assigned to five groups (n = 20): presi...

Objectives This in vitro study aimed to investigate the toothbrushing wear on both enamel and dentin surfaces of reference and commercially available dentifrices. Methods Bovine enamel and dentin blocks were initially polished and embedded within a resin composite in square shapes (10×8×6 mm³). Employing toothbrushes equipped with nylon bristles,...

Objectives: Sinus lifting, a procedure to augment bone in the maxilla, may cause complications such as sinusitis due to impaired drainage. This study aimed to assess how sinus lifting impacts airflow in the sinus cavity, which is essential for patients undergoing dental implants. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this research analyzed airf...

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disease that causes severe pain that can seriously affect the quality of life. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two different low-level laser therapies (LLLT) as alternatives to medical treatment to reduce pain and improve the quality of life in patients with TN. Methods: A total of 45 pati...

On the rehabilitation of endodontic treated teeth using intraradicular retention, adhesive failures often occur between the intraradicular post and the resin-matrix cement. The main aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review on the surface modification of glass fiber-reinforced composite posts by hydrogen peroxide solutions. An electronic se...

Background Ultraviolet C (UVC) light is a physical method proposed for disinfecting dental impression materials and preventing cross-infections in clinical practice. The investigations have focused on the UVC disinfection potential, but little is known about the consequences on dental materials’ properties. This scoping review’s objective is to eva...

Objectives Occlusal splints are the main therapeutic choice in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). However, their precise working mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to compare the biomechanical effect of three commercially available splint designs (full covering splint, anterior bite splint and posterior bite splint) during biti...

Objectives The objective of this investigation was to compare the clinical performance of a nano-hybrid resin composite and a low-shrinkage Giomer resin composite. Material and methods In total, 35 pairs of restorations were performed using either low-shrinkage Giomer (Beautifil II LS, Shofu Inc.) or nano-hybrid (Clearfil Majesty Posterior) resin...

Introduction This study observed the consequences of integrating mandibular kinematics in maxillary and mandibular teeth contact in a finite element analysis (FEA), and investigate the level of simplification of the dental models in FEA. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of finite element analysis obtained from simple to more com...

Background There is a general consensus among dental professionals regarding the extraction of impacted third molars in the presence of clinical symptoms. However, there is less agreement on the management of asymptomatic third molars. The objective of this study is to compare the perspectives of oral surgeons and orthodontists regarding the indica...

Purpose. To evaluate the influence of edible liquids on the characteristic properties of 3D printable materials compared to conventionally used dental resin acrylic. Method. Dental polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens were fabricated from preformed molds while polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) specimens were 3D...

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate ceramic-alloy interface and emphasize the alteration of alloy microstructure after ceramic layering. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two discs made from a ceramic-alloy combination of pre-sintered cobalt-chromium (CoCr), cast CoCr, cast nickel-chromium (NiCr), or pre-sintered zirconia were prepared with eight discs in...

This study evaluated the effect of stearyl methacrylate addition on the physical and mechanical properties of bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate- and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate-based polymers, which are traditionally used in dental applications. Methacrylate-based monomer compositions are polymerized under the visible blue light spectrum. An...

Objectives The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical results of two root canal sealers and three obturation techniques used for non-surgical root canal treatment. Materials and methods A total of two hundred eighty-three root canal treated teeth in two hundred thirty-seven patients with minimum a 6-month follow-up was include...

Purpose The main aim of the present study was to carry out a scoping review on the differences in degree of conversion of monomers regarding several types resin cements, indirect restorative materials, and light-curing procedures used in dentistry. Method A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search items: “degree of c...

Objectives Patients with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthralgia typically claim joint function impairments negatively affecting their quality of life. Aim of this study was to quantitatively assess masticatory function with instrumental measures in a group of TMJ arthralgia patients and compare it to symptom-free controls. Materials and Methods...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different adhesives and veneering resins on the shear bond strength (SBS) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Methods: A total of 138 PEEK specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups according to adhesive material application: Control (C, no application), Adhese Universal (A) (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechten...

Objectives: This clinical trial evaluated the clinical behavior of 3D-printed posterior resin composite fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Materials and methods: Between 10 October 2020 and 5 August 2022, 49 patients aged 19–60 years (16 men, 33 women) received 68 3D-printed resin composite 3-unit posterior FDPs (ELS Even Stronger, Saremco, Switzerlan...

The purpose of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis of the fitting of different fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) posts to tooth root canals and determine the resin cement layer thickness. The following GFRC posts were assessed: bundle posts (Rebilda GT, VOCO, Germany), sleeve system (SAP, Angelus Ind, Brazil), and accessory post...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of different printing orientations and post‐polymerization time with thermal cycling on the translucency of 3D‐printed denture base resins. Methods Heat‐polymerized (HP) acrylic resin specimens were fabricated and 3D‐printed denture base materials (NextDent, ASIGA, FormLabs) were printed with different printing orien...

This study evaluates the wear resistance of dental paste-like bulk-fill composites compared to conventional paste-like composite resins using an intraoral scanner and 3-D analyzing software. Six different dental composite materials, including five bulk-fill composites and one conventional composite, were tested alongside natural human enamel as a c...

Introduction: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the dimensional accuracy, trueness, and precision of vinyl siloxane ether (VSXE) and polyvinylsiloxane (PVS) impression materials using different impression techniques. Material and methods: A three-dimensional (3D) printed mandibular model with implants and metal rods served as th...

Purpose: This observational retrospective clinical study aimed to investigate the survival and success rates of partial indirect lithium disilicate restorations with margins extending above or beyond the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). Methods: The study included patients who underwent partial indirect lithium disilicate restorations with immediate d...

Objective This research study investigated the effect of new decontamination protocols on the bonding capacity of saliva-contaminated monolithic zirconia (MZ) ceramics cemented with two different monomer-containing self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods Standardized tooth preparations (4 mm. axial height) were performed for eighty huma...

Background Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin ceramics allow easier milling than glass ceramics but are suspected to be more stainable. Although Photoshop ® is widely used for picture analysis, its potential for shade selection has not been properly assessed. Aim Purpose primary: To evaluate the color stability of t...

Introduction: This study aims to investigate the effect of different particle sizes and pressures on the shear bond strength (SBS) and the roughness (Ra) of polyetheretherketone. Materials and methods: A total of 117 polyetheretherketone specimens were fabricated and divided into a control (CN: no air-particle abrasion) and eight pre-treatment g...

The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of calcium-silicate based sealers and comparing them with a gold standard—an epoxy-based sealant. Two experimental cell lines were used, gingival fibroblasts (hGF) and monocyte/macrophage peripheral blood cell line (SC). The cytotoxicity (XTT assay) and genotoxicity (comet assay) w...

Objectives The aim of this study was to perform experimental evaluation of the synergistic effects of laser-texturing and different traditional surface modification approaches to improve the push-out bond strength of glass fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) posts to resin-matrix cements used in endodontically treated teeth rehabilitation. Methods O...

Purpose of Review Microfluidics devices have garnered significant attention in response to animal rights concerns and due to faithful replication of in vivo conditions. In the realm of materials characterization, these chips offer the means to assess cell cytotoxicity and biocompatibility, effectively emulating the cellular microenvironment. Notabl...

Objective To correlate µTBS of photo- and dual-polymerized luting resins with film thickness (FT), Vicker's hardness (HV) and ultimate-tensile strength (UTS). Methods Human molars (N = 30) were divided (6-groups) according to: 1: Luting resin: Dual- [Bifix QM, (BF)], or photo-polymerized [GrandioSo Heavy Flow (GHF) and VisCalor Bulk (VB)] and 2: Ad...

Background: A consensus favors extracting impacted third molars in the presence of clinical symptoms, but no consensus exists on their management when asymptomatic. Healthcare professionals from different fields of expertise may approach the extraction of these teeth differently. Methods: This study aimed to compare the perspectives of oral surgeon...

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and acupuncture (AT) are widely used for treating acute and chronic pain conditions, including pain related to temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This review highlights the current knowledge about the use of AT and TCM in orofacial pain field, in particular for TMD-related pain management, exploring acupuncture po...

Purpose: The study evaluated the clinical performance of partial indirect resin composite (PIRC) restorations with "proximal box elevation" (PBE) placed in molars. Materials and methods: Sixty-three patients received 80 posterior PIRC (SR Nexco, Ivoclar Vivadent) restorations. Large posterior defects with cuspal loss and deep cervical margins we...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of adhesive type and long-term aging on the shear bond strength (SBS) between silica-based ceramics and composite cement (CC). Materials and methods: Lithium-silicate (LS), feldspathic (FD) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) blocks were sectioned (10 x 12 x 2 mm) and divided into 24 groups considering the fa...

Purpose of Review Confusion exists on the correct terminology and definitions associated with biocompatibility, including terms such as toxicity, health effects, and allergies. Therefore, this review aims to provide clarity by structuring and summarizing the current terminology, outlining the existing testing methods for each concept, and offering...

Objective The main aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological aspects and distribution of granules composed of deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and human dentin-derived bone graft (HDBG) into a putty consistency mixture. Materials and methods DBBM or HDBG were mixed with an alginate-based hydrogel at two different granule/hydrogel...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different gloves and clinical environment on the contamination of resin- matrix composites for restorative dentistry. Specimens of nano-hybrid resin-matrix composite (n = 6) were divided in groups regarding the handling with (A) clinical spatula; (B) latex gloves; (C) latex or (D) nitrile gloves w...

Purpose of Review: Advances in zirconia ceramics have expanded their application in dentistry, necessitating faster delivery of zirconia-based restorations. With the introduction of high translucency grades of zirconia ceramics, the rapid sintering strategies that aim to reduce processing times can have a central impact on clinically relevant prope...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of recycling of lithium disilicate (LD), surface treatment and thermocycling (TC) on the bond strength (SBS) to resin cement. Materials and methods: Blocks of LD were made according to the recycling cycle, with 24 blocks for each strategy: Control-conventional sintering; 1R (1 recycling cycle) and 3R (3 recycli...

Purpose of Review: With the introduction of new resin-based composites (RBC) based on their adjusted shade properties, there is a need for an additional classification for such materials. This review discusses and suggests a new classification for the RBCs. Recent Findings: The classification of RBCs depends on different compositions and character...

Purpose of Review: The restorative management of cracked tooth syndrome (CTS) is very complex and depends on the pre-restorative diagnosis and decisions. This review discusses the strategies for restoring teeth with CTS and suggests a related clinical decision tree. Recent Findings: CTS is the incomplete fracture of the natural tooth crown. Prepar...

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to assess the literature reporting on the failure rates, survival rates and complication rates and patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) of anterior full (FC) or partial (PC) coverage single tooth restorations after a mean observation period of at least 3 years. Methods: Systematic search w...

Statement of problem: The success rate of monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic posterior crowns after 1 year is unclear. Purpose: The purpose of this controlled, randomized, and double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the performance of posterior complete crowns in polymer-infiltrated and lithium disilicate ceramics and to assess the impac...

Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the comparative clinical success and survival of intracoronal indirect restorations using gold, lithium disilicate, leucite, and indirect composite materials. Material and methods This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Cochrane Handbook for S...

Objectives The objective of this investigation was to compare the clinical performances of nanohybrid and low-shrinkage bioactive resin composites. Materials and methods Totally, 35 pairs of restorations performed with either low-shrinkage bioactive Giomer (Beautifil II LS, Shofu Inc.) or nanohybrid (Clearfil Majesty Posterior) resin composites in...

Purpose of Review This narrative review aimed to offer evidence on 3-unit all-ceramic posterior inlay-retained prostheses (IRFDPs) with an emphasis on material choice and design principles. Clinical trials and in vitro studies were identified using an electronic search in PubMed database. Overall, 16 in vitro publications and 8 clinical trials were...

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of different preparation designs on the fracture strength, failure type, repairability, formation of polymerization-induced cracks, and tooth deformation of structurally compromised molars restored with lithium disilicate inlays and overlays in combination with Immediate Dentin Se...

Objectives: Lithium disilicate (LDS) based glass ceramics are indispensable materials in the field of prosthetic dentistry due to their strength and excellent esthetics. Recently, novel fully crystallized LDS for the milling process have been introduced to the market, requiring only chairside polishing before delivery. Since limited data is availab...

Purpose The main aim of this study was to perform an integrative review on the effects of Erbium lasers irradiation on bacteria eradication and smear layer removal from dentin surfaces of tooth root canals. Method AbibliographicsearchwasperformedonPubMedusingthefollowingsearchterms:“ultrasonic”AND“Er:YAG”OR “Er,Cr:YSGG” AND “laser” AND “bacteria” O...

Objectives: This clinical trial evaluated the clinical behaviour of 3D printed posterior resin composite fixed dental prosthesis restorations. Materials and Methods: Between 10.10.2020 - 05.08.2022, forty-nine patients aged between 19 and 60 years old (33 females, 16 males) received 68 3D printed resin composite 3-unit posterior fixed dental prosth...

Objective: This study evaluated the polishing properties of the occlusal splint materials obtained using subtractive and additive manufacturing methods with the laboratory-type polishing (LP) and chairside-type polishing (CP) procedures. Material and Methods: Specimens (N=180, n=60 each group) were manufactured using one of the following methods: s...

Statement of problem Polydopamine (PD) adsorbs on all kinds of surfaces by forming strong covalent bonds, and develops cohesive strength through self-polymerization, resulting on thin strong adhesive films. Thus, PD coating could be promising to improve the adhesion to the inert Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). Purpose To analyze different protocols...

Objectives: To correlate CAD/CAM composite-dentin micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) with film thickness (FT), Vicker`s hardness (HV) and ultimate-tensile strength (UTS) of photo- and dual-polymerized luting resins. Methods: For µTBS, human molars (N=30) were randomly divided into 6-groups according to: 1: Lutingresins [Bifix QM “BF” (dual-polymeri...

The objective of this work was to measure the tooth root canals’ diameter, remnant dentin thickness, endodontic post to dentin distance, and resin-matrix cement layer after three types of root canal shaping. Thirty extracted human premolars were endodontically treated and groups of specimens were divided according to the cementation with two differ...

To assess the clinical periodontal status of abutment teeth in regards of different design components of distal-extension removable partial dentures. Subjects (N=100) with acrylic or cobalt-chromium distal-extension removable partial dentures were enrolled and their periodontal parameters plaque and gingival indices [PI, GI], probing depths [PD], c...

Aim: To evaluate the influence of resin cement on the color stability of lithium disilicate and zirconia restorations immersed in coffee after aging. Materials and methods: Eighty maxillary premolars were classified into eight groups (n = 10) based on restorative material type (lithium disilicate or zirconia), resin cement type (G-CEM LinkForce;...

Indirect restorations made of resin composite materials are increasingly used yet there is no consensus in the literature on how different luting strategies influence the bond strength. The aim of this was to study the influence of luting strategy and aging on the adhesion of indirect restorations on dentin. Bovine incisors (N = 120) received conic...

Surface modification of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) using lasers for adhesion enhancement with resin-matrix cement has been increasingly explored. However, Y-TZP is chemically inert and non-reactive, demanding surface modification using alternative approaches to enhance its bond strength to resin-matrix cements. The m...

Purpose: With an increase in patients’ aesthetic demands and advancements in dental technologies, tooth-colored materials have grown in popularity. This study aimed to statistically analyze the scientific output of zirconia. Methods: Articles published between 1980 and 2021 were downloaded from the Web of Science database and analyzed using various...

Objective The purpose of this study was to perform an integrative review on laser texturing the inner surface of lithium disilicate-reinforced glass ceramic or zirconia to increase their bond strength to resin-matrix cements. Materials and method A bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search terms: “zirconia” OR “lithiu...

Statement of problem: Mastication forces in different regions affect the survival of multiunit posterior restorations. The fracture strength of 3-unit posterior monolithic zirconia fixed partial dentures (FPDs) and their fracture patterns require investigation. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the fracture...

The long-term success of ceramic laminate veneers (CLVs) is influenced by the marginal and internal fit of the restorations. However, studies comparing the fit of CLVs using different intraoral scanners or the indirect digitization technique are lacking. The purpose of this study was therefore to assess the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM-mill...

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the layer thickness and microstructure of traditional resin-matrix cements and flowable resin-matrix composites at dentin and enamel to composite onlay interfaces after cementation on low loading magnitude. Materials and methods: Twenty teeth were prepared and conditioned with an adhesive system for restoratio...

Objectives: The objective is to evaluate the long-term clinical survival and performance of direct and indirect resin composite restorations replacing cusps in vital upper premolars. Methods: Between 2001 and 2007, 176 upper premolars in 157 patients were restored with 92 direct and 84 indirect resin composite restorations as part of an RCT. Inc...

The current study investigated the effect of boric acid (H3BO3) nanosized powder on the optical properties of a Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD-CAM) polymer infiltrated ceramic material. Specimens (n = 60), (15 × 8 × 1.5 mm 3) were fabricated from a polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PINC) (Vita Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik...

This study investigated the marginal and internal fit and retention of crowns fabricated using four different castable pattern production methods, namely plastic burn out coping, CAD-CAM milled, CAD-CAM additive, and conventional. This study consisted of five groups including two different brands of burn out coping groups (Burn out -Straumann (Burn...

In dentistry, clinicians mainly use dual-cured or light-cured resin-matrix cements to achieve a proper polymerization of the organic matrix leading to enhanced physical properties of the cement. However, several parameters can affect the polymerization of resin-matrix cements. The main aim of the present study was to perform a scoping review on the...

In order to reduce the loosening of dental implants, surface modification with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating has shown promising results. Therefore, in this present study, the sol-gel technique has been employed to form a tantalum and strontium ion-doped hybrid HA layer coating onto the titanium (Ti)-alloy substrate. In this study, the surface modifi...

The aim of this study was to compare bond strength resin composites to porcelain laminate veneers in the indirect repair method to composite resins used in the direct repair method for cases of porcelain veneer fracture of zirconia-based fixed dental prostheses. In the study, the groups were formed with different percentages of areas to be repaired...

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of finish line design (chamfer and feather-edge) and ceramic type on the internal and marginal fit of fixed partial dentures on abutment teeth. Materials and methods: Two typodont mandibular casts, missing right first premolar tooth, received tooth preparation on canine and second premolar abutments (one cast with...