Mustapha Abudu Danesi

Background: The management of epilepsy involves titrating the dose of an antiepileptic drug to a maximum dose before switching over to a second agent. Measurement of serum levels of antiepileptic medications is indicated to determine drug levels in patients with uncontrolled seizure. Carbamazepine is one of the commonly used antiepileptic drugs in...

Aim: Antiepileptic drugs do cause adverse effects, affecting patients' quality of life, adherence and seizures. Consequently, there is a need to study this among Nigerian patients. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study assessing the extent of adverse effects with carbamazepine monotherapy and potential factors. Results: 54 patients (64.3%...

Background: There is evidence of an association between mediators of inflammation, particularly C-reactive protein (CRP), and outcome of acute ischaemic stroke. This provides a potential opportunity for interventions aimed at improving outcome. There is sparse data exploring the role of inflammatory markers such as CRP and stroke outcome in Africa...

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and a major contributor to global disease burden. Although epidemiologic information from a community perspective is important in determining the magnitude of the burden in specific regions, and directing equitable distribution of health resources, data on the incidence of stroke in developi...

NeuroAIDS affects half of the 22 million people currently living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa, where cryptococcal meningitis alone is responsible for 504,000 deaths annually. A good understanding of NeuroAIDS may help improve disease-free survival in patients at risk and optimize resource utilization by caregivers. In this review, we aimed t...

This study was a case record review of adult patients with tetanus admitted into Lagos University Teaching Hospital between 2000 and 2009. Of 78,009 adults admitted, 190 had tetanus, constituting 0.25% of admission. Mean age was 30.4±13.8years. Male to female ratio was 3:1. The commonest occupation was commercial motorcyclists. 96% of the patients...

Background Essential tremor (ET) is one of the commonest movement disorders though the prevalence varies globally. There is paucity of data on ET prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of ET in a Nigerian community. Methods This door-to-door survey was conducted in two stages. In Stage 1, 3000 randomly select...

Introduction. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains common despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy. Routine screening will improve early detections. Objective. To compare the performance of the minimental state examination (MMSE) and international HIV dementia scale (IHDS) in assessing neurocognitive function in HIV/AIDS...

Background: Hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) is as a long-term sequelum of levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD). Information on its frequency and effects in Africans with PD is sparse. Objective: To determine the frequency of HHcy and its relationship to clinical features of PD in African patients. Methods: Using a case-control design, 40...

Background. Sensory neuropathy (SN) is one of the most common AIDS-associated neurologic disorders especially in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SN among highly-active-antiretroviral-therapy- (HAART-) experienced and HAART-naïve HIV-positive individuals and to investi...

This study aimed to determine the frequency of cognitive impairment and depression in our Parkinson's Disease (PD) and their relationship with disease severity and disability. A total of 40 PD patients and 40 age-, sex-, and educationally matched controls were studied. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Motor and Activities of Daily...

Seizure-related injuries are common and are a major cause of morbidity in subjects with epilepsy. To determine the frequency and types of oro-facial injuries in epileptic patients attending a tertiary hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about injuries to the oral and maxillofacial region in epileptic patients at the...

Cerebral toxoplasmosis is a common cause of focal neurologic deficits in HIV/AIDS. Financial constraints and access to neuroradiological facilities limit definitive diagnosis and first-line treatments are largely expensive and cumbersome. This study examined the frequency of focal neurological signs in HIV/AIDS patients with positive Toxoplasma gon...

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is primarily neurotrophic and lymphotrophic. Diverse neurologic sequealae have been documented with variations based on disease severity, but geographic variation may determine the distribution of these neurological complications. This study was designed to evaluate the current status of neurologic manifestati...

To determine the predictors of 30-day intra-hospital case fatality rate in patients with first-ever acute ischaemic stroke, attending a tertiary care hospital in Western Nigeria. A cross-sectional observational study. This study was conducted at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria between February 2003 and May 2004 (16 months). O...

We investigated the 1-year prevalence, clinical features and mode of treatment of headache in medical students of the University of Lagos, Nigeria, using a self-administered headache questionnaire. Headache prevalence was 46.0% and was significantly higher in women than in men (62.8% vs. 34.1%). Prevalence of tension-type headache was higher than t...

Background: There is no information from a prospective study on the relationship between admission hyperglycaemia and stroke outcome in Nigerians. This study was designed to determine the impact of admission hyperglycaemia on short-term stroke outcome (case fatality rate and functional outcome) in adult Nigerians with acute ischaemic stroke. Method...

Background: The HIV is neurotropic and clinicians need to be aware of its myriad neurologic manifestations, as these may be the only clinical presentation. Objective: To evaluate the clinical spectrum and outcome of the neurologic manifestations in patients with HIV / AIDS over a ten year period. Design case - note based retrospective follow-up stu...

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a potentially modifiable risk factor for stroke, and may have a negative impact on the course of ischaemic stroke. The role of hyperhomocysteinemia as it relates to stroke in Africans is still uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and short-term impact of hyperhomocysteinemia in Nigerians wit...

To determine the neurological complications associated with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) in Nigerians and evaluate the relative frequencies. Six-hundred-thirteen patients with SCA attending outpatient clinics of Lagos University Teaching Hospital and 616 control subjects were evaluated using a uniform structured questionnaire to determine the occurren...

Localized tetanus is rare in Nigerians, with an incidence of 1.8% in a previous report. We report six cases of localized tetanus out of total of 95 cases of tetanus seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital over a period of 3 years. All cases were seen and managed by one or both of the authors, the policy in the hospital being that all cases o...

Background: There is some evidence that the case fatality rate of stroke has declined in recent years, although it is not certain that this reduction has been caused by changes in stroke management. There has been no recent review of the case fatality rate of stroke at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital [LUTH]. Objective: To determine the 30-da...

Headache is one of the most frequent causes of consultation in both general medical practice and neurological clinics. It is the most common of all medical conditions causing pain and disability. Headache is experienced by 90% of the general population at some point in life, as a consequence of febrile illness. However, primary headache occur in so...

The burden of cerebrovascular disease in developing countries is projected to be on the rise. However, data on the current epidemiology of stroke in Africa are sparse. Using a 3-staged method, we conducted a door-to-door study of stroke in an urban, mixed-income community in Lagos, Nigeria. We used a modification of the WHO protocol in the first st...

Many treatment options, including non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures, have been recommended in the management of osteoarthritis (OA). Among the non-pharmacological approach is physiotherapy, which involves the use of physical modalities like, heat therapy, exercise therapy, electrical stimulation, therapeutic ultrasound, iontophoresis...

Co-morbid depression and suicidal ideation in people with epilepsy (PWE) in developing countries are under-recognised, and so may be consequently undertreated. This study was designed to determine the frequency and clinical correlates of interictal depression and suicidal ideation in PWE. Using a prospective design, we evaluated 96 PWE and two grou...

This study investigated the effects of 3 different traction weights on neck pain and range of motion/mobility. Ninety subjects, 42 men and 48 women, with neck pain due to cervical spondylosis participated in the study. They were assigned into three groups, each of which was subjected to a different cervical traction(CT) weight namely: group A = 7.5...

CT scanning is important to identify stroke pathology and exclude mimics. Its poor availability in our environment makes the search for simple, reliable clinical-score imperative. This study aims to validate the Siriraj Stroke score (SSS) and determine the discriminant values of its parameters in the black population of African-Nigerians. A prospec...

There is currently no consensus among the clinicians regarding the tractive force to be employed during cervical traction (CT) that will correlate precisely with the percentage body weight of the patient and reduce the side effects associated with CT therapy. This study therefore aimed to investigate the response of cervical spondylosis (CS) patien...

To highlight the presentations, characteristics. the difficulties in diagnosis, treatment and response to treatment types of facial neuralgias seen at Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Twelve patients with facial neuralgias diagnosed and treated in dental clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital were studies. Using strict for diagnosis, p...

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with increased mortality. The mortality in Nigerians has not been described. This study was designed to assess mortality in PD and relate it to gender, age at onset of PD and at baseline, and duration of PD. A case-control study of 28 PD and 28 age- and sex-matched controls from similar geographic locali...

Stroke is one of the major challenges facing medicine with a frightening statistics of being the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of physical disability worldwide. Identification and management of risk factors remains the key to reducing morbidity and mortality from stroke. Eighty patients with clinical presentation of stroke wer...

Records of 349 tetanus patients, aged 10 years and above, admitted to the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, between 1990 and 1999 were reviewed. The male:female ratio was 1.98:1, and the ages were between 10 and 88 years, with a mean age of 29.8 years. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) of tetanus was 36.96% (33.19% for men and 44.44%...

Stroke is a significant economic, social, and medical problem worldwide. This retrospective follow-up study aimed to review the pattern, types, and case fatality of stroke in Nigeria. Records of all stroke patients admitted into Ogun State University Teaching Hospital (OSUTH), Sagamu, from December 1993 to November 2003 were reviewed. Patients were...

to review cases of myasthenia gravis at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. features of 27 cases of myasthenia gravis seen at the Neurology outpatient clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital between January 1995 and December 2000 were reviewed using a uniform protocol. peak age incidence was in the third decade, and the male to female...

To determine the accuracy of initial diagnosis of cerebral malaria in adolescents and adults presenting at our tertiary centre and identify the clinical and laboratory parameters helpful in distinguishing cerebral malaria from other differential diagnosis. A retrospective review of 112 adolescents and adults initially diagnosed as having cerebral m...

The degenerative changes in PD also affect the autonomic nervous system. The frequency and predictors of such involvement in Africans with PD has not been reported. i) To determine the frequency and type of autonomic dysfunction in Nigerians with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). ii) To determine the predictors of autonomic dysfunction in PD. Ca...

Introduction: The present study was designed to determine the relative frequency of previously diagnosed and undiagnosed hypertension in first stroke in order to evaluate if previous diagnosis of hypertension can prevent stroke. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twenty nine first stroke patients presenting at the emergency unit of a tertiary ho...

Objective: To determine the risk of seizures in first degree relatives of epileptic patients. To relate the risk to several clinical characteristics in the probands. Such information is useful for genetic counselling. Methods: A prospective case-control study of 648 FDR of 88 probands attending the neurology out-patient clinic of a tertiary hospita...

Background: High blood pressure is often said to be associated with poor outcome in stroke. However, there remains some uncertainly about the relationship of blood pressure to mortality in stroke. Objective: This study seeks to determine the influence of admission blood pressure on early mortality of stroke patients at the Lagos University Teaching...

Unlabelled: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between plasma magnesium levels and epilepsy. The study was carried out at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Plasma magnesium was estimated using the calmigite dye colorimetric method in 45 adults with epilepsy and 35 healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of calcium,...