Musbau Adewumi Akanji

Federal University of Technology Minna

Background and Objective: Luffa cylindrica is a plant used in the traditional medicine of Nigeria to treat different ailment conditions. Chemical constituents present in plants that are used in traditional medicine were reported to possess pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the pharmacological activities of the phytochemical...

Background: Malaria is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, and oxidative stress has been implicated in malaria disease. Luffa cylindrica is an ethnomedicinal plant used to treat various diseases, including malaria. The oxidative stress-reducing potential of L. cylindrica in malaria-disease state of Plasmodium berghei NK-65 parasite-infected mice was car...

In Nigeria, breast cancer (BC) is currently the leading cause of cancer mortality, accounting for approximately 23% of all cancer diagnoses and 18% of all cancer deaths. Although the fundamental etiology of BC is still unknown, a number of risk factors, including age, lifestyle, menarche, menopause, and environmental exposures, among others, have b...

Background: Luffa cylindrica is traditionally used as decoction to treat malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: This study investigated the antimalarial activity of leaf extracts of Luffa cylindrica in mice. Design: 500g pulverized dried leaves of L. cylindrica was extracted successively with water, n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol and therea...

Over generations, several indigenous knowledge on the use of medicinal plants have been lost due to a lack of interest of the upcoming generation and reluctancy of the older generations to pass on their knowledge. This survey was set about to preserve and share the knowledge of the Ilorin Emirate Clan in the management of female sexual dysfunction...

Reactive species, such as those of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur, are considered part of normal cellular metabolism and play significant roles that can impact several signaling processes in ways that lead to either cellular sustenance, protection, or damage. Cellular redox processes involve a balance in the production of reactive species (RS) and th...

Introduction: Luffa cylindrica is a plant used in folk medicine of Nigeria to treat malaria. Safety evaluation of methanolic leaves extract of Luffa cylindrica was carried out in selected organs of mice at the doses of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight (b.w). Methodology: Thirty albino mice were completely randomized into six groups consi...

One of the processes involved in pathogenesis of diabetic complications is the polyol pathway, which is catalyzed by the enzymes – aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase. Inhibition of one, or both, of these enzymes will shut down the polyol pathway ameliorating diabetic complications. Consumption of leafy vegetables is a dietary regime for ma...

Background and Aim Diabetes, with hyperglycaemia as hallmark, is a global crisis that reduces the antioxidant status and produces complications when poorly managed. The development of complications can be indicated by inflammation, lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of glycation adducts. Thus, the attenuation of hyperglycaemia and boosting of...

Cancer is a major cause of mortality around the world, representing about 13% of deaths on the planet. Among the available cancer treatments, chemotherapy is most frequently utilized compared to other treatments such as surgery and radiotherapy. Many dietary antioxidants have proven to effectively prevent oxida-tive stress, which has been noted in...

Cochlospermum planchonii is used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria and in some other African countries. This study investigated the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of polyphenol-rich extract of C. planchonii root in triton X-induced hyperlipidemic rats. Polyphenols were extracted from roots of C. planchonii with 80% aqueous methanol...

Nitric Oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecule with diverse physiological functions in humans. The steady-state concentration and site of production of nitric oxide determine its effects in biological systems. The human cells are exposed to both beneficial and harmful effects of NO. These dual effects of NO could depend on its local concentra...

Free radical and reactive oxygen species scavenging potentials of four solvent extracts of Luffa cylindrica leaf was evaluated in vitro. Leaves of L. cylindrica were extracted with distilled water (aqueous), methanol, ethylacetate, and hexane. The aqueous, methanolic and hexane extracts effectively scavenged 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in...

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that activate the transcription of genes necessary to circumvent to hypoxic (low oxygen level) environments. In carcinogenesis, HIFs play a critical role. Indeed, HIF-1 α has been validated as a promising target for novel cancer therapeutics, even as clinical investigations have linked incr...

A study to investigate the ethnobotanical use of Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem leaf in pain and fever relief was carried out. Methanolic extract was obtained from leaves of Luffa cylindrica and was subjected to phytochemical screening using standard procedure of Trease and Evans (1989). Analgesic effect of the plant was carried out by inducing pain in...

Malaria is a parasitic disease that occurs in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. About 500 million cases of malaria occur every year, and one million people, mostly children living in sub-Saharan Africa, die as a result. This study was conducted to determine the lipid and antioxidant status of chitosan bound ethylacetate fraction of coc...

The leaves of Aerva lanata are one of the indigenous medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in Africa. However, its effect on the activities of diabetes-related enzymes has not been investigated. This study evaluated the in vitro inhibitory effects of different extracts of the A. lanata leaf on...

The current study investigates the effects of polyphenolic extract from the leaf of Paullinia pinnata against CCl4 – induced oxidative stress and liver damage in female albino rats. Thirty albino rats were randomly distributed into six groups (A-F). Rats in group A were given 1 ml normal saline orally to serve as control. The rats in groups B, C, D...

METHODOLOGY- Dried pulverized husk fibers of Cocos nucifera were extracted with methanol and subsequently with ethylacetate. The extract was bound to a drug delivery carrier (chitosan) and (chitosan-alginate). Ninety (90) adult male albino Mice (n = 10) weighing 25-30g were randomly distributed into nine groups (A-I). Administration of the extract...

The effects of aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea (Vahl ex De Cantolle) root on haematological parameters of paroxetine-induced sexually impaired male rats were evaluated. Thirty, healthy Wistar male rats (156.24±3.22 g) were assigned into six groups (A-F), with each group comprising 5 animals. Rats in group A (control) were orally administered...

Multiple health-promoting effects have been attributed to the consumption of Moringa oleifera leaves, as part of diet without adequate scientific credence. This study evaluated the effect of M. oleifera-based diets on nickel (Ni) - induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male rats assigned into six groups were given oral administration of 20 mg/kg body wei...

Diabetes is a global challenge and it accounts for increasing death cases. Natural products offer prospects for the treatment of diabetes owing to perceive less toxicity and potential to serve as lead drug. While there are several reports on the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants in literature, few have led to drug discovery. Jatrorrhizine,...

Study determined the influence of the inhibition of Kupffer cell functions by GdCl3 in arsenic intoxication. Twenty-four Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 160 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Group 1 received sodium arsenite (1.5 mg/kg b.w.) once a day, Group 2 received GdCl3 (2 mg/kg b.w.) once, 24 hours before commencing the arsenite...

This study evaluated the toxicity potential of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles in Wistar rats. Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 193 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Animals in group 1 served as the control and received distilled water. Those in groups 2, 3, and 4 were administered with 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight of Pt nanoparticles...

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the nutritional value of pre-treated rice and wheat bran wastes as feed formulation in experimental rats. Aspergillus niger KM isolated from decomposing organic matter was tested for cellulase assay. The lignocellulosic agricultural residues (wheat bran and rice bran) were pretreated with ammonia and diluted sulf...

For long, medicinal plants have been used traditionally to treat various kinds of diseases (Farnsworth et al., 1985; Malekzadeh et al., 2001) and today about 80% of the world’s population relies mainly on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs (Akerele, 1993). Hence, it seems rather justified that the research for new and improved...

Trypanosoma brucei, a causative agent of trypanosomiasis in livestock also possesses the ability to reoccur in disease conditions thereby increasing the trouble of ill health and if not treated on time could cause great losses to man. A comparative study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of different fractions of the extracts of Terminal...

Objective: This study evaluated the biochemical effect of the oral administration of silver nanoparticles on some biochemical parameters and tissue morphology. Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes with an average weight of 160 ± 5 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Animals in Group 1 served as the control and received 0.5 mL of distilled wate...

Objective: This study evaluated the biochemical effect of the oral administration of silver nanoparticles on some biochemical parameters and tissue morphology. Methods: Wistar rats of both sexes with an average weight of 160 ± 5 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Animals in Group 1 served as the control and received 0.5 mL of distilled wate...

Free and bound polyphenol extracts of Zingiber officinale rhizome were investigated for their antidiabetic potential in the pancreatic and renal tissues of diabetic rats at a dose of 500mg/kg body weight. Forty Wistar rats were completely randomized into five groups: A-E consisting of eight animals each. Group A (control) comprises normal healthy a...

The folkloric claim of Musa paradisiaca sap in the management of diarrhoea is yet to be substantiated or refuted with scientific data. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to screen the sap of M. paradisiaca for both its secondary metabolites and antidiarrhoeal activity at 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mL in rats. Secondary metabolites were screened...

Purpose: To evaluate the antiglycation and hypolipidemic potential of polyphenols from Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of streptozotocin. This was followed by oral administration of 500 mg/kg each of free a...

Study investigated the effect of oral administration of gold-silver nanoparticles on rat biochemical parameters and tissue morphology. Wistar rats weighing approximately 180±7 g were randomly assigned into four groups. Animals in the control group received distilled water once daily for 30 days while, those in the treatment groups were administered...

Acacia nilotica is a widely used plant in traditional medical practice in Northern Nigeria and many African countries. The aim of this study was to determine the toxicological effects of a single dose (acute) and of repeated doses (sub-acute) administration of aqueous extract of A. nilotica root in rodents, following our earlier study on antiplasmo...

This study was designed to investigate the scientific basis for the use of Acacia nilotica root extract for treatment of fever and pain in traditional medical practice. Anti-Pyretic study was carried out using Brewerʼs yeast suspension to induce pyrexia. The hot plate, tail immersion and acetic acid-induced writhing tests were the nociceptive model...

The normal functioning of the reproductive systems of males and females is very important not only for procreation (reproduction) but also for sexual fulfillment of both partners. The reproductive system, however, is exposed to numerous chemicals such as drugs or medicinal plants. This array of herbs may be beneficial or toxic to the reproductive s...

In diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, the activity of the enzymes involved in hepatic glucose homeostasis is disturbed. Promoting the physiologic functions of these enzymes and restoring homeostatic control by medicinal plants could be beneficial in the management of diabetes. This study investigates the effects of extract of leaves of Newbo...

Saponins from Massularia acuminata stem have been implicated to be responsible for some of the pharmacological effects of the plant without recourse to its toxic implications. Therefore, the toxic implications of saponins from Massularia acuminata stem in some organs of male rats were investigated. Male rats (271.00±5.30 g) grouped into A, B, C and...

Aqueous leaf extract of F. exasperata at the doses of 2.5, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated for its acclaimed antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty-two albino rats weighing 170-190 g were assigned into six groups (A-F) of seven animals each. Rats in group A (non-diabetic) received 1.0 ml of distilled water oral...

Aqueous root extract of Cochlospermum planchonii, an acclaimed anti-malarial herb was investigated for toxicity in selected tissues of mice at the doses of 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg body weight. Twenty Swiss albino mice were completely randomized into four groups: A–D consisting of five animals each. Animals in group A (control) were orally administer...

The study aimed at investigating the nutritional value of pre-treated rice and wheat bran wastes as feed formulation in experimental rats. Aspergillus niger KM isolated from decomposing organic matter was tested for cellulase assay. The lignocellulosic agricultural residues (wheat bran and rice bran) were pretreated with ammonia and diluted sulfuri...

In this study, the effect of ethanol extract of the leaves of Newbouldia laevis on the activity of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was investigated. Inhibitory effect of N. laevis extract on alpha-glucosidase was tested in vitro using baker's yeast alpha-glucosidase and rat intestinal alpha-glucosidase while alpha-amylase inhibitory effect was...

The damaging effects of reactive oxygen species on living systems are well documented. Chronic ethanol administration is able to induce oxidative stress in certain tissues in vivo. The ability of the aqueous extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius as consumed locally in some part of Nigeria to scavenge the oxidative stress produced from ethanol metabo...

The phytochemical constituents and safety of aqueous extract of Crateva adansonii leaves on rats were investigated. Forty rats were grouped into 4 (A-D) of 10 animals each. Group A rats received 1 mL of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received equal volume corresponding to 325, 650 and 1300 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively, f...

Mitochondria and lysosome have been used to study drug-cell interactions both in vitro and in vivo. However, their preparations to free them from other sub-cellular organelles are tedious and cumbersome. Erythrocytes (being a simple type of cells without sub-cellular organelles and very easy to obtain in pure form) was assessed for in-vitro toxicit...

The aim of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic potential of aqueous extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria root and assess its toxicological effect in selected tissues of rats. Aqueous extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria root was administered to wistar rats daily at 24 h interval at a dosage of 200 mg kg-1 b.wt. following which the rats were sacrifi...

Background: There is an age-long claim that the Musa paradisiaca root is used to manage reproductive dysfunction, most especially sexual dysfunction (as an aphrodisiac), but there are no data in the open scientific literature that have refuted or supported this claim and the effects of M. paradisiaca root on the testes. Therefore, this study was a...

This study assessed the water quality from swamp around Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station of Delta State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from Eku River (Site A, reference site), Erhoike swamp (Site B) and a natural fish pond located within Erhoike environment (Site C). Physico-chemical parameters and some selected heavy metals (Lead, cad...

Root aqueous extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides was evaluated for antimalarial activity and analyzed for its phytochemical constituents. Twenty-four (24) albino mice were infected by intraperitoneal injection of standard inoculum of chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei (NK 65). The animals were randomly divided into 6 groups of 3 mice each. G...

This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of polyphenols from Zingiber officinale on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assessing liver antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and liver function indices. Initial oral glucose tolerance test was conducted using 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg body weight of both fre...

This study assessed biotransformation, oxidative stress markers in Clarias gariepinus from swamps around the Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station in Delta State, Nigeria. Clarias gariepinus were collected from three sites (site A - Eku axis of Ethiope River - control site, site B - the swampy environment of Kokori-Erhoike petroleum flow station an...

This study determines changes in some biochemical parameters in serum and tissues of Clarias gariepinus obtained from fish natural habitat in the oil exploration environs of Kokori-Erhoike in Delta State, Nigeria. Sampling sites include Ethiope River (Eku axis, reference Site A); Erhoike swamp (Site B) and Erhoike fish pond (Site C). However, Sites...

Background: This study investigates the protective role of polyphenolic-rich extract from Sorghum bicolor against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced redox imbalance in rat microsomes. Methods: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging potentials of the polyphenolic extract from S. bicolor (0.2-1.0 mg/mL) was investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl...

To evaluate the antioxidant and antiglycation potential of polyphenols from three spices; alligator pepper, ginger and nutmeg. Polyphenol extracts of these spices were subjected to brine-shrimp lethality assay, phytotoxicity test, DPPH and superoxide anion radical scavenging as well as BSA-glucose antiglycation assay. Results obtained showed that p...

This study investigated the effects of chronic daily administration of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaf on rat serum homeostasis and tissue morphology over a period of 7 days. The animals were divided into two groups (Groups A & B) of five rats each. Group A received distilled water which is the vehicle for the ethanolic extract administra...

Previous report from our laboratory demonstrated the activity of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaf against bloodstream forms of trypanosomes in an experimental infection. The present study investigated the mitigating effects of P. guajava leaf extract on Trypanosoma brucei bruce/-induced changes in rat serum and tissue total protein, albumi...

This study reports the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Ficus exasperata Vahl on some biochemical and haematological parameters of normal Wistar rats. Twenty, albino rats of both sexes weighing 146.21 ± 8.66 g were randomly assigned into four groups (A-D) of five each. Animals in Group A, (control) received 1 ml of distilled water thrice daily for...

Aqueous extract of Massularia acuminata root at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight was investigated for its effect on sexual behaviour in male Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids and tannins in the extract. The increased (P < 0.05) frequencies of mo...

Ethanolic extracts prepared from the leaves of Psidium guajava were evaluated for anti-trypanosoma and cytotoxicity activity in the bloodstream species of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (BS427) and HEK293 in 384-well Alamar Blue assays respectively. Cytotoxicity activity in HEK293 cells was subsequently used to estimate the selectivity index of the extr...

Aqueous extract of Cochlospermum planchonii root was investigated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Thirty albino rats (110.33 ± 8.69 g) were randomized into six groups (A-F) such that group A (non-diabetic) received orally 0.5 ml of distilled water, thrice daily for 10 days. Animals in groups B, C, D, E and F which were a...

In this study, the effects of aqueous extract of Khaya senegalensis stem bark on hematological and biochemical parameters were investigated in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of 5 rats per group. Group I (control) received normal saline while Groups II, III and IV were fed 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 of Khaya senegalensis stem bar...

The antioxidant and drug metabolizing potentials of Hibiscus anthocyanin extract in CCl(4)- induced oxidative damage of rat liver was investigated. Hibiscus anthocyanin extract effectively scavenge α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide ion, and hydrogen peroxide. It produced a 92% scavenging effect of DPPH radical at a concentratio...

Aqueous extract of Massularia acuminata root at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) body weight was investigated for its effect on sexual behaviour in male Wistar rats. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids and tannins in the extract. The increased (P < 0.05) frequencies of mo...

The hypoglycaemic efficacy of aqueous seed extract of Aframomum melegueta was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Twenty five albino rats (Rattus novergicus, average weight: 150g) were randomly divided into five groups of five (5) rats each. For the diabetic group, diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 5% solution...

Aqueous extract of Cochlospermum planchonii Hook. Ef. x Planch rhizome was investigated for its toxic effects in albino rats using some liver and kidney functional indices as 'markers'. Thirty six albino rats weighing 200.08 ± 10.21 were randomly assinged into six groups (A-F) of six animals each. Animals in groups A-E were orally administered on d...

The phytochemical screening and the effect of administration of aqueous extract of G. kola seeds at the doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight on daily basis for 7days on haematological profile of male Wistar rats was investigated. Male albino rats (215.00± 18.58 g) were grouped into four (A-D) such that animals in group A received 0.5 ml of dis...

Iron is essential for living cells, including pathogenic microorganisms. So altered iron availability is often a key component in the host-pathogens interplay. Secondary to infection with pathogens, there is the activation of macrophages. Activated macrophages by action of inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) produce Nitric Oxide (NO) as part of...