Musa Yakubu

University of Ilorin | unilorin · Department of Biochemistry

Over generations, several indigenous knowledge on the use of medicinal plants have been lost due to a lack of interest of the upcoming generation and reluctancy of the older generations to pass on their knowledge. This survey was set about to preserve and share the knowledge of the Ilorin Emirate Clan in the management of female sexual dysfunction...

Background and Aim Diabetes, with hyperglycaemia as hallmark, is a global crisis that reduces the antioxidant status and produces complications when poorly managed. The development of complications can be indicated by inflammation, lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of glycation adducts. Thus, the attenuation of hyperglycaemia and boosting of...

Ethnopharamcological relevance The age-long folkloric use of Uvaria chamae roots in the management of nipple discharge that is not related to pregnancy, childbirth or nursing but as a result of excessive production of prolactin (hyperprolactinemia) is yet to be substantiated with scientific data. Aim of the study This study investigated the anti-h...

Objective: To investigate the impact of ethanol extract of Spondias (S.) mombin leaves on the biochemical parameters of testicular function, hormonal profile, sperm profile and reproductive outcomes of guinea pigs. Methods: Sexually matured male [(1000.40±8.12) g] and female [(810.00±7.09) g] guinea pigs were used. In testicular function study, a t...

This study evaluated the impact of groundwater samples and leachate from Gbagede dumpsite in Amoyo, Kwara State, on the testicular and prostatic function indices of male rats. The groundwater sample 1 (GW1), groundwater sample 2 (GW2), 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% and 10.0% leachate progressively reduced (p < .05) feed intake, groundwater and leachate intake,...

Background: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves (AEMIL) has been substantiated for its antidiarrhoeal activity without information on the antidiarrhoeal-rich solvent fraction. Aim: This study evaluated the antidiarrhoeal activity of solvent–solvent fractions from M. indica leaves in female Wistar rats. Setting: This is laboratory anima...

Background: The folkloric use of Cochlospermum planchonii is yet to be substantiated with scientific evidence. Aim: The aqueous extract of C. planchonii leaves was evaluated for anti-diarrhoeal activity at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight in female Wistar rats. Setting: This research is a phytopharmacological investigation. Methods: Animal wer...

Ethno-pharmacological relevance The age-long folkloric use of Senna alata flower (SAF) was recently substantiated with scientific evidence. However, the study did not account for the anti-diabetic principle(s) in SAF. Aim of the study The study aimed to identify and characterize the bioactive principle(s) responsible for the anti-diabetic activity...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The absence of scientific data on the age long folkloric use of Digitaria exilis grains by sufferers of diabetes prompted the present investigation. This study was aimed at evaluating the antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract of Digitaria exilis grains in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Material and...

Background: Ethanol extract of Mirabilis jalapa leaf (EEMJL) has been used in the folk medicine of Nigeria as diuretics without any scientific evidence. Aim: Ethanol extract of Mirabilis jalapa leaf at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight was investigated for diuretic activity in male Wistar rats. Setting: Fresh leaf of M. jalapa was collected from a...

Terminalia avicennioides is a member of the Combretaceae family with a lot of medicinal properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of T. avicennioides root barks on biochemical and haematological parameters of Wistar rats. Male rats were distributed randomly into four groups (A–D) and orally administered aqueous root...

Background: This study evaluated the effects of 1:1 mixture of aqueous root bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) and Terminalia avicennioides Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) in male rats. Methods: Male rats were orally administered a 1:1 mixture of both extracts (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) for seven days. Li...

This study investigated the safety of aqueous root bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill and Perr. in albino rats. Male rats were orally administered the extract (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) for a seven-day period. Malondialdehyde concentration and enzyme activities were monitored in liver and kidney as well as haematological,...

The effects of aqueous extract of Brysocarpus coccineus roots (AEBCR) were studied on sexual behaviour and testicular function of paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction (SD) in male rats. Ninety, sexually matured male rats (150.88 ± 5.53 g) were assigned into two groups: A and B. Fifteen SD animals from group B were each allotted to B1, B2, B3, B4 a...

Drug Discovery from herbs. Approaches and Applications.

This study determined both the secondary metabolites in ethanolic extract of Daucus carota seeds (EEDCS) and its effects on acetaminophen-induced uremia and antiandrogenicity in male Wistar rats. Twenty male rats (161.20 ± 6.02 g) were assigned into four groups (U1, U2, U3 and U4) such that animals in U1 and U2 received orally, 0.5 ml each of olive...

The effects of aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea (Vahl ex De Cantolle) root on haematological parameters of paroxetine-induced sexually impaired male rats were evaluated. Thirty, healthy Wistar male rats (156.24±3.22 g) were assigned into six groups (A-F), with each group comprising 5 animals. Rats in group A (control) were orally administered...

Diabetes is a global challenge and it accounts for increasing death cases. Natural products offer prospects for the treatment of diabetes owing to perceive less toxicity and potential to serve as lead drug. While there are several reports on the antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants in literature, few have led to drug discovery. Jatrorrhizine,...

The proximate content, mineral constituent and amino acid profile of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem (AEFAS) as well as the effect of administration of AEFAS on acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in male rats were investigated. Standard methods were adopted in the determination of chemical compounds in AEFAS whereas the in vitro antiox...

This study evaluated the fertility-enhancing activity and safety of aqueous extract of Chasmanthera dependens root (AECDR) in male rats. In the fertility study, twenty, sodium arsenite (10 mg/kg) body weight (BW)-treated male rats (171.02 ± 3.36 g), assigned into four groups (I-IV), received 1 ml of distilled water (DW), 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW of...

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves on some biochemical parameters and histology of liver, kidney and small intestine of rats. Twenty female rats (142.30 ± 7.56 g) were randomly assigned into four groups A, B, C and D. The rats were administered orally 1 mL of distilled water, 25, 50 and 10...

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves on some biochemical parameters and histology of liver, kidney and small intestine of rats. Twenty female rats (142.30 ± 7.56 g) were randomly assigned into four groups A, B, C and D. The rats were administered orally 1 mL of distilled water, 25, 50 and 10...

Objective The leaves of Parquetina nigrescens have been claimed in folk medicine to be useful for managing sexual dysfunction, but there is inadequate scientific evidence for this claim. This investigation was conducted to assess the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Parquetina nigrescens (AEPN) in rats induced with sexual dysfunction. Methods Ma...

Objective This study investigated the aphrodisiac activity of aqueous extract of Anthonotha macrophylla leaves (AEAML) in female Wistar rats. Methods Thirty female rats were assigned into five groups of six animals each, such that rats in groups A, B, C, D and E received orally 1 mL of distilled water only, 5.7 mg/kg body weight (BW) of Exus Ginse...

Context Despite the reported anticarcinogenic activity of lophirones B and C, no scientific information exists for its activity in rat hepatocytes. Objective Effect of lophirones B and C on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress, and DNA fragmentation in rat hepatocytes was investigated. Materials and methods Wistar rat hepatocytes were incub...

Background: This study investigated the protective effects of aqueous extracts of Anogeissusleiocarpus (DC) Guill&Perr (family: Combretaceae) and Terminaliaavicennioides Guill&Perr (family: Combretaceae) root barks, as well as their 1:1 (w/w) mixture on liver redox and haematological parameters of diethylnitrosamine-treated rats. Methods: Rats wer...

Hyperlipidaemia is a metabolic disorder characterised by alterations in serum lipid profile. It has been well established that nutrition plays an important role in the aetiology of hyperlipidaemia and atherosclerosis. The ameliorative effect of Brassica oleracea (cabbage)-based-diet on high fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemia in albino rats was invest...

Background: Garcinia kola seed is consumed indiscriminately in Nigeria without recourse to its potential toxicity. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the toxicity of the aqueous extract of G. kola seeds on selected tissues of male rats. Methods: Thirty male rats (215.00 ± 18.58 g) were assigned into four groups: A, B, C and D which receiv...

Increasing evidence in both experimental and clinical studies suggests that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of both types of diabetes mellitus. The disease is also known to adversely affect some haematological parameters and cause dyslipidemia. This study was designed to investigate the effect of chronic administration of et...

We would like to appreciate all the authors for their contributions to this issue; 16 manuscripts were submitted and only 6 were finally accepted for publication. We would like to appreciate all the reviewers for their expertise and time.

Abstract Uca tangeri is a marine fiddler crab found commonly in the West African coast and is often exposed to Gram-negative pathogens upon injury. The aim of this study was to document the patterns of endotoxin-induced protein coagulation and phenoloxidase (PO) activity in hemo-lymph fractions of Uca tangeri. Hemolymph from live crabs was obtained...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides is widely used in the management of sexual dysfunction in Nigeria. The effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides root on the concentrations of penile cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) and plasma nitric oxide in paroxetine-induced sexually impair...

Ethnopharmacological relevance Aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides is widely used in the management of sexual dysfunction in Nigeria. The effect of aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides root on the concentrations of penile cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) and plasma nitric oxide in paroxetine-induced sexually impaire...

Introduction: This study investigated the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous root bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Terminalia avicennioides, and their 1:1 mixture in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were orally pretreated with extracts and 1:1 mixture (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight) for 2 weeks befor...

Free and bound polyphenol extracts of Zingiber officinale rhizome were investigated for their antidiabetic potential in the pancreatic and renal tissues of diabetic rats at a dose of 500mg/kg body weight. Forty Wistar rats were completely randomized into five groups: A-E consisting of eight animals each. Group A (control) comprises normal healthy a...

Glucose-lowering effects of Moringa oleifera extracts have been reported. However, the mechanism for its hypoglycemic effects is not yet understood. This study investigated the effect of oral administration of methanolic extracts of M. oleifera (MOLE) on glucose tolerance, glycogen synthesis, and lipid metabolism in rats with alloxan-induced diabet...

Leaves of Phyllanthus amarus was analyzed for phytochemical, mineral and amino acid constituents using standard methods. The data obtained indicated that aqueous extract of P. amarus leaves contained alkaloids (28.5 mg/L), flavonoids (13.6 mg/L), saponins (11.2 mg/L), steroids (8.4 mg/L), anthraquinones (3.8 mg/L), tannins (2.7 mg/L), and terpenes...

Numerous inducers of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) at different doses have been proposed in several experimental animals but there is no consensus on an appropriate dose(s) that should ideally reproduce the key biochemical and clinical features of PCOS similar to those of humans. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating an appropriate...

This study investigated the antioxidant activity of aqueous root bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Terminalia avi-cennioides and their mixture (1:1 w/w). The antioxidant activity of the extracts and their mixture was evaluated using in vitro models at 0-1.0 mg/ml and also in vivo using male rats assigned into eleven groups (A-K). Rats in grou...

The folkloric claim of Musa paradisiaca sap in the management of diarrhoea is yet to be substantiated or refuted with scientific data. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to screen the sap of M. paradisiaca for both its secondary metabolites and antidiarrhoeal activity at 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mL in rats. Secondary metabolites were screened...

Background: The effects of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem at the doses of 18, 36, and 72 mg/kg body weight on alloxan-induced toxicity was investigated in Wistar rats. Methods: In total, 35 rats of both sexes (132.80±7.22g) were randomized into five groups (A-E): animals in group A received 0.5 ml of distilled water orally on daily basis...

Purpose: To evaluate the antiglycation and hypolipidemic potential of polyphenols from Zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of streptozotocin. This was followed by oral administration of 500 mg/kg each of free a...

The effects of trona (Kaun), a food additive, on the redox status of the liver and kidney of male Wistar rats were investigated. A total of 60 male rats (145 ± 2.52 g) were grouped into four: A, B, C and D, where group A (the control) received 1 mL of distilled water orally while those in groups B, C and D (test groups) received orally, same volume...

Mangifera indica L. leaves have a long history of indigenous use, as an antidiarrhoeal agent among others, without any scientific study that has substantiated or refuted this claim. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the secondary metabolites in the aqueous extract of M. indica leaves and its acclaimed antidiarrhoeal activity in ra...

Background: This study investigated the protective effects of aqueous extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) and Terminalia avicennioides Guill & Perr (Combretaceae) root barks, as well as their 1:1 (w/w) mixture on liver redox and haematological parameters of diethylnitrosamine-treated rats. Methods: Rats were orally ad...

This study investigated the in vitro free radical scavenging capacity and phytochemical constituents of methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of leaves of Spermacoce ocymoides (Burm F.) DC (Rubiaceae) and Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) as well as the fruit juice of A. muricata. A. muricata fruit juice was also investigated for its vitamin...

The capability of lophirones B and C to extenuate aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-mediated onslaught on cellular proteins, lipids, and DNA was investigated for 6 weeks. Lophirones B and C significantly (P < 0.05) increase the expression and specific activity of cytoprotective enzymes (glutathione-S-trans-ferase, nioctinamide adenine dicludeotide:quinone oxidor...

Study objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous extract of Carpolobia lutea root on the androgenic indices of paroxetine-treated male rats. Materials and methods: Sexually active, male rats (133.10 ± 4.21 g) were completely randomized into five groups (A–E) of 5 animals each. Rats in group A received 0.5 ml of distilled wate...

Aim: The effects of aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea (Vahl ex DC) root on some function indices and histology of the liver and kidney of sexually impaired male rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Male rats (156.24 ± 3.22 g) were randomized into six Groups (A-F) of five animals each. Rats in Group A (negative control) received orally 0....

Aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem at the doses of 18, 36, and 72 mg/kg body weight was investigated for antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results revealed that the administration of alloxan significantly increased (p<0.05) the levels of blood and hepatic glucose, serum urea, creatinine, albumin, total cholesterol, t...

Objetivo el objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar el efecto afrodisíaco del extracto acuoso de la raíz de Carpolobia lutea en dosis de 47, 94 y 141 mg/kg de masa corporal para casos de disfunción sexual inducida por paroxetina en ratas macho. Materiales y métodos se distribuyeron treinta machos sexualmente activos (148,20 ± 3,22 g) en seis...

The normal functioning of the reproductive systems of males and females is very important not only for procreation (reproduction) but also for sexual fulfillment of both partners. The reproductive system, however, is exposed to numerous chemicals such as drugs or medicinal plants. This array of herbs may be beneficial or toxic to the reproductive s...

This study investigated the effect of Dialium guineense pulp phenolic extract on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)–induced oxidative imbalance in rat liver. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging potentials of free and bound phenolic extract of D. guineense (0.2–1.0 mg/mL) were investigated in vitro using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxid...

Saponins from Massularia acuminata stem have been implicated to be responsible for some of the pharmacological effects of the plant without recourse to its toxic implications. Therefore, the toxic implications of saponins from Massularia acuminata stem in some organs of male rats were investigated. Male rats (271.00±5.30 g) grouped into A, B, C and...

The editorial team would like to thank all the authors who have participated in this issue and the expertise contributions of the reviewers.

The cytotoxic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and lophirones B and C derived from Lophira alata stem bark were evaluated. The extract and lophirones B and C significantly (P < .05) reduced the viability of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. There were concentration-dependent reduction in 4-nitro-o-aminophenylenediamin...

Nuclear erythroid related factor-2 (Nrf2), a redox-transcription factor, plays a critical role in the detoxification of electrophilic and reactive oxygen species that halt various biochemical and molecular processes . This makes it a candidate for regulation by polyphenols. This study investigates the capability of chalcone dimers (lophirones B and...

Aqueous leaf extract of F. exasperata at the doses of 2.5, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg body weight was investigated for its acclaimed antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty-two albino rats weighing 170-190 g were assigned into six groups (A-F) of seven animals each. Rats in group A (non-diabetic) received 1.0 ml of distilled water oral...

Objective: Picralima nitida is a widely used medicinal plant in West Africa for treating malaria, diarrhea and inflammation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the toxicological effect of aqueous seed extract of the plant in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-four apparently healthy animals were randomized into 4 groups comprising 6 rats each and...

Cissus populnea stem has a long indigenous use as an aphrodisiac in males but there is dearth of information on the effect of the plant on the ovarian and uterine function indices of females. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of aqueous extract of Cissus populnea stem on some function indices of the ovary and uterus of female Wistar rat...

The present study was carried out to determine the secondary metabolite, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities and safety of ethyl acetate extract of Celosia argentea leaves in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rats. The secondary metabolite screening was done by standard methods while the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract was ev...

Background: The phytochemical constituents of the aqueous root extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides Planch. Ex Bth. and its aphrodisiac activity on male rat sexual behavior and reproductive hormones in paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction were evaluated. Methods: The extract was screened for the presence of phytochemicals. The extract (25, 50,...

The capability of anthocyanins extract of Lannea microcarpa fruits to scavenge reactive oxygen species and stall aflatoxin B1-mediated oxidative rout on cellular proteins, lipids and DNA was investigated. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging potentials of the anthocyanins extract of Lannea microcarpa fruits (0.2–1.0 mg/mL) was investigated usin...

Aqueous root extract of Cochlospermum planchonii, an acclaimed anti-malarial herb was investigated for toxicity in selected tissues of mice at the doses of 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg body weight. Twenty Swiss albino mice were completely randomized into four groups: A–D consisting of five animals each. Animals in group A (control) were orally administer...

Folkloric claims on the use of a mixture of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennioides root barks in tumor management exist without scientific evidence. This study aimed at investigating the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antiproliferative activity of these plants and their mixture. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the aq...

The phytochemical constituents and safety of aqueous extract of Crateva adansonii leaves on rats were investigated. Forty rats were grouped into 4 (A-D) of 10 animals each. Group A rats received 1 mL of distilled water, while groups B, C and D received equal volume corresponding to 325, 650 and 1300 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively, f...

The aim of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic potential of aqueous extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria root and assess its toxicological effect in selected tissues of rats. Aqueous extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria root was administered to wistar rats daily at 24 h interval at a dosage of 200 mg kg-1 b.wt. following which the rats were sacrifi...

Background: There is an age-long claim that the Musa paradisiaca root is used to manage reproductive dysfunction, most especially sexual dysfunction (as an aphrodisiac), but there are no data in the open scientific literature that have refuted or supported this claim and the effects of M. paradisiaca root on the testes. Therefore, this study was a...

This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of polyphenols from Zingiber officinale on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assessing liver antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and liver function indices. Initial oral glucose tolerance test was conducted using 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg body weight of both fre...

Aqueous extract of Blighia sapida leaves was investigated for anti-diabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. Thirty six albino rats (186.50 ± 7.58 g) were completely randomized into six groups (A-F) such that animals in group A (nondiabetic rats) received orally 0.5 ml of distilled water while the diabetic animals (made diabetic by...

Background: This study investigates the protective role of polyphenolic-rich extract from Sorghum bicolor against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced redox imbalance in rat microsomes. Methods: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging potentials of the polyphenolic extract from S. bicolor (0.2-1.0 mg/mL) was investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl...

Background: Massularia acuminata has been claimed to be used in managingseveral ailments in folk medicine and in some instances substantiated withscientific data. This however has been without recourse to its safety. Therefore,aqueous stem extract of M. acuminata was evaluated for its effects on somefunction indices of the liver of male rats.Method...

To investigate the toxic implications of ethanolic stem bark extract of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) at 50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight in Wistar rats. Fifty male rats of Wistar strains were randomly grouped into five (A-E) of ten animals each. Animals in Group A (control) were orally administered 1 mL of distilled water on daily basis for...

The abortifacient claim of Senna alata (S. alata) was scientifically validated recently with alkaloids speculated to be the bioactive agent. This speculation is yet to be substantiated or refuted by scientific evidence. The present study was aimed to investigate the pregnancy terminating effects of the alkaloids from S. alata leaves. Twenty four Pr...

Bulbine natalensis Baker has been acclaimed to be used as an antimicrobial agent in the folklore medicine of South Africa without scientific evidence to substantiate or refute this claim. In view of this, the in vitro antimicrobial activity of solvent fractions (ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water) from Bulbine natalensis Tuber against 4 Gr...

The age long acclaimed aphrodisiac potentials of Garcinia kola seeds in some parts of Western Nigeria has not been substantiated with scientific evidence. In this study, we have decided to evaluate the effect of aqueous seed extract of G. kola at the doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight on sexual behaviour of male rats. Male rats weighing 215....

Objective: To determine the effects of the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea root on paroxetine-induced sexual dysfunction in male Wistar rats. Methods: The extract (13, 26 and 52 mg/kg body weight) and the reference herbal drug, PowmaxM (7.14 mg/kg body weight) were administered orally to paroxetine-induced sexually impaired male rats, once da...

The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of the crude alkaloids isolated from C. odoratum leaves on the hormonal and spermatogenic indices of male rats. The alkaloids from C. odoratum leaves using a standard method was administered to male rats for 60 days at the doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Thin layer chromatograph...