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215
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Current institution
Current position
- Professor Translational Reserach Principal Invesitagor
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October 2007 - present
Publications
Publications (215)
Canine cancers are becoming increasingly significant due to their natural occurrence, similar to the spontaneous cancers in humans as well as their histological and biological similarities to human cancers. Several oral cancer types have been witnessed in dogs, based on the cell type from which the tumour originates. The type of oral tumour dictate...
The examination of canine cancers has garnered substantial attention in recent years. This is primarily because of the parallel between dogs and humans in the development of spontaneous cancers without the need for experimental induction, unlike in laboratory rodents. Numerous studies have explored the utility of canine subjects in the advancement...
Frozen section biopsy, introduced in the early 1900s, still remains the gold standard methodology for rapid histologic evaluations. Although a valuable tool, it is labor-, time-, and cost-intensive. Other challenges include visual and diagnostic variability, which may complicate interpretation and potentially compromise the quality of clinical deci...
In the present study, efficacy of minimally-invasive serum Raman spectroscopy (SRS) in stratification of congenital heart diseases was explored. Blood was collected from 62 subjects [42 congenital heart defect (CHD) patients (19 with atrial septal defect, 13 with ventricular septal defect and 10 with tetralogy of fallot) and 20 controls], and serum...
Drug resistance plays a vital role in both cancer treatment and prognosis. Especially, early insights into such drug‐induced resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can help to improve treatment plans, reduce costs, and bring overall positive outcomes for patients. Raman spectroscopy provides precise biomolecular information and can provide all...
Purpose
Chironomus hemoglobin is known to exhibit higher gamma radiation resistance compared to human hemoglobin. In the present study, we have introduced a sensitive method to analyze radiation-induced alterations in Chironomus hemoglobin using Vibrational spectroscopy and further highlighting its potential for monitoring radiotoxicity in aquatic...
Rice grains represent a significant source of carbohydrates and contain trace amounts of other essential nutritional components, including proteins and lipids. The aromatic attributes of rice germplasm typically linked to the existence of aromatic amino acids which are often identified through conventional sensory time intensive assessment methods...
Several serum Raman spectroscopy (RS) studies have demonstrated its potential as an oral cancer screening tool. This study investigates influence of low tumour load (LTL) and high tumour load (HTL) on serum RS using hamster buccal pouch model of experimental oral carcinogenesis. Sera of untreated control, LTL, and HTL groups at week intervals durin...
Background:
Loco-regional recurrences attributable to field cancerization and minimal residual cancer, remain prime causes of mortality in oral cancer (OC) subjects. The current study evaluates potential of serum Raman spectroscopy (SRS) to identify recurrence-prone OC subjects.
Methods:
Raman spectra of serum from eight healthy subjects (H) and...
Recapitulating radioresistant cell features in pertinent cell line models is essential for deciphering fundamental cellular mechanisms. The limited understanding of passage and cell cycle phases on radioresistant cells revived post-cryopreservation led us to investigate the effect of sub-culturing in parental and radioresistant MCF-7 cells. In this...
Recapitulating radioresistant cell features in pertinent cell line models is essential for deciphering fundamental cellular mechanisms. The limited understanding of passage and cell cycle phases on radioresistant cells revived post-cryopreservation led us to investigate the effect of sub-culturing in parental and radioresistant MCF-7 cells. In this...
Serum is an important biofluid that accurately reflects pathology and is used for early diagnosis of a wide range of diseases. Like most serological assays, Raman spectroscopic measurements also require serum samples free of hemolysis, i.e., breakdown of red blood cells, as their strong contribution to the Raman spectrum can mask subtle biomolecula...
The world is on the brink of facing Coronavirus’s (COVID‐19) fourth wave as the mutant forms of viruses are escaping neutralizing antibodies in spite of being vaccinated. As we have already witnessed that it has encumbered our health system, with hospitals swamped with infected patients observed during the viral outbreak. Rapid triage of patients i...
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a fast, precisive, and cost-effective anticancer therapy protocol. Here we applied our previously designed nanomaterial (Tocophotoxil) for prospective PTT application to manage radiation- and chemo-resistant cancers in a preclinical model. A PTT dose vs. efficacy relationship was established for radioresist...
We report a novel method with higher than 90% accuracy in diagnosing buccal mucosa cancer. We use Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of human serum by suppressing confounding high molecular weight signals, thus relatively enhancing the biomarkers' signals. A narrower range molecular weight window of the serum was also investigated th...
The rise in number of infections from multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative microbes has led to an increase in the use of a variety of ‘polymyxins’ such as colistin. Even though colistin is known to cause minor nephro- and neuro-toxicity, it is still considered as last resort antibiotic for treating MDR infections. In this study, we have applied...
About two third of oral cancer cases present at advanced stages, emphasizing need for screening tools for early diagnosis. Raman Spectroscopy (RS) can prove an appropriate tool for early diagnosis as biochemical changes occur before morphological changes. Due to limitations with study of early oral cancer stages in human subjects, we performed a se...
To date, no studies are available in which pituitary adenomas (PAs) have been studied using techniques like confocal Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the same serum samples. To understand the metabolomics fingerprint, Raman spectra of...
Objective
Saliva a non-invasive biofluid, offers diagnostic potential due to its vicinity with tumour along with systemic pooling of biomarkers. The present study evaluated the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy to identify biochemical alterations in saliva samples of healthy volunteers, habitués and oral cancer subjects.
Methods
The saliva samples...
Optical-density based measurements are routinely performed to monitor the growth of microbes. These measurements solely depend upon the number of cells and does not provide any information about the changes in the biochemical milieu or biological status. An objective information about these parameters is essential for evaluation of novel therapies...
Cancer is a multifactorial disease that is often asymptomatic and is thus
detected at an advanced stage. Late detection and resistance to treatment are two of the
major reasons for poor prognosis. The inherent limitations of conventional tools in
evaluating therapeutic responses, raise the need to monitor such responses during
treatment. Raman spec...
Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the conventional treatment modalities of cancer though successful are limited by presence of residual tumor cells, toxic side-effects and treatment resistance, thus raising the need for investigating other novel approaches. Here, we have used a cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) jet and assessed the in vitro effic...
In the present study, the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS) in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) in oral cancer patients has been explored. Raman spectra were obtained from the tumor and contralateral regions of 94 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. These patients were managed surgically and recommended for adjuvant therapy. The Cox pro...
Monitoring the development of resistance to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients in the initial chronic phase (CP) is crucial for limiting the progression of unresponsive patients to terminal phase of blast crisis (BC). This study for the first time demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy...
Photothermal-therapy (PTT) inculcates near-infrared laser guided local heating effect, where high degree of precision is expected, but not well proven to-date. An ex vivo tissue biochemical map with molecular/biochemical response showing the coverage area out of an optimized PTT procedure can reveal precision information. In this work, using Raman-...
p>Purpose: Liver cancer remains one of the most difficult to treat, heterogeneous forms of cancer with poor prognosis. Available current therapies face many limitations. Raman spectroscopy is a promising platform for clinical drug development and surgical interventions for improved patient outcomes. Herein, we present a new insight with a rapid, no...
The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have several biomedical applications such as drug delivery, bio-imaging, and biomedical research. ZnO NPs were remedied with polyethyleneimine (PEI) and modified with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Two anticancer drugs - Cisplatin (CIS) and Gemcitabine (GEM) were used in conjugation with BSA. BSA-ZnO-PEI (conju...
The protein-nanoparticle interface plays a crucial role in drug binding and stability, in turn enhancing efficacy in targeted drug delivery. In the present study, whey protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) is conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and its interaction with curcumin (CUR) and gemcitabine (GEM) has been explored. Further, AuNP-BLG conjugat...
Raman spectroscopy (RS), a non-invasive and label-free method, has been suggested to improve accuracy of cytological and even histopathological diagnosis. To our knowledge, this novel technique tends to be employed without concrete knowledge of molecular changes in cells. Therefore, identification of Raman spectral markers for objective diagnosis i...
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are highly vascularized neoplasms with poor prognosis. Nanomedicine possesses great potential to deliver therapeutics and diagnostics. The new aspect of this study is that we have monitored, for the first time, the Raman responses to microtubule targeted vascular disrupting agents (MTVDA), MTVDA encapsulated non-tar...
Blood serum samples from 63 cervical cancer patients and 30 controls were collected at three different phases of the treatment (i.e. before, during, and at follow up). The spectra of serum samples from control as well as patients were classified into different groups using principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) ba...
Ion beam irradiation produced ripple nanopatterns on Si surface was used to produce a highly dense and sensitive SERS substrate for detecting Dichlorvos pesticide below the permissible limit. The wavelength of the ripple varied from 22 nm to 35 nm by changing ion beam energy from 200 eV to 500 eV. Highly regular nanoparticles arrays were produced d...
Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an alarming situation across the globe. Varieties of diagnostic protocols are being developed for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Many of these diagnostic protocols however, have limitations such as for example unacceptable no of false-positive and false-negative cases, particularly during the earl...
Minimally invasive cancer detection using bio-fluids has been actively pursued due to practical limitations, though there are better suited noninvasive and online in vivo methods. Saliva is one such clinically informative bio-fluid that offers the advantages of easy and multiple sample collection. Despite its potential in cancer diagnostics, saliva...
Alteration in metabolic repertoire is associated with resistance phenotype. Although a common phenotype, not much efforts have been undertaken to design effective strategies to target the metabolic drift in cancerous cells with drug resistant properties. Here, we identified that drug resistant AML cell line HL-60/MX2 did not follow classical Warbur...
Cancer, a multigenic and multicellular disease, is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and therapeutic resistance
further worsens the prognosis. This raises a pressing clinical need for monitoring therapeutic response during treatment.
Raman spectroscopy, a rapid, label-free, non-invasive and non-destructive optical vibrational spectroscopy, has b...
Cancer, a multigenic and multicellular disease, is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and therapeutic resistance further worsens the prognosis. This raises a pressing clinical need for monitoring therapeutic response during treatment. Raman spectroscopy, a rapid, label-free, non-invasive and non-destructive optical vibrational spectroscopy, has b...
Several non‐invasive Raman spectroscopy‐based assays have been reported for rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens. We developed a novel statistical model for the detection of RNA viruses in saliva, based on an unbiased selection of a set of 65 Raman spectral features that mostly attribute to the RNA moieties, with a prediction accuracy of 91.6...
Oral cancers are major killers among the South Asian Nations primarily due to late detection. The biochemical variations during cancer progression especially in the early stages needs to be explored to further detection and treatment regimen.
Diagnosis and treatment protocols are dependent on histopathology, which is time-consuming and requires hig...
Oral cancer is one of the major cancers worldwide with >50% 5-year survival-rates owing to lack of early diagnosis. In view of this, in-vivo, exfoliative cells, and serum Raman spectroscopy have been actively pursued as theranostic solution. These studies successfully demonstrated stratification of healthy, malignant and premalignant oral condition...
The protein‐nanoparticles conjugate has been developed as a targeted drug delivery system which selectively and preferentially delivers the therapeutic agents. Here, the alpha‐lactalbumin (ALA) was purified by size exclusion chromatography and confirmed by gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS). Functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNP...
Resistance to radiotherapy has been an impediment in the treatment of cancer, and the inability to detect it at an early stage further exacerbates the prognosis. We have assessed the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy as a rapid assay for predicting radiosensitivity of cancer cells in comparison to the conventional biological assays. Cell lines deri...
Background:
Poor-responsiveness of tumors to radiotherapy is a major clinical problem. Owing to the dynamic nature of the epigenome, the identification and targeting of potential epigenetic modifiers may be helpful to curb radio-resistance. This requires a detailed exploration of the epigenetic changes that occur during the acquirement of radio-re...
Over the last decade, research has intensified worldwide on the use of low-temperature plasmas in medicine and healthcare. Researchers have discovered many methods of applying plasmas to living tissues to deactivate pathogens; to end the flow of blood without damaging healthy tissue; to sanitize wounds and accelerate its healing; and to selectively...
Recapitulation of tumor features in isolated biomolecules is preeminently dependent on obtaining reliable quality biospecimen. Moreover, quality assessment of bio banked specimens at regular intervals is an essential intervention for carrying out effective translational and clinical research. In the current study, genomic DNA was extracted from 140...
Osteoporosis is a “silent disease” characterized by fragile and impaired bone quality. Bone fracture results in increased mortality and poor quality of life in aged people particularly in postmenopausal women. Bone is maintained through the delicate balance between osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. The imba...
Malaria and dengue have overlapping clinical symptoms and prevalent in the same geographic region (tropical and sub-tropical), hence precise diagnosis is challenging. High mortality-rate associate with both malaria and dengue could be attributed to “false”, “delayed” or “missed” diagnosis. The present study thus aims to stratify malaria and dengue...
Studies investigating relationship between tobacco withdrawal/discontinuation (tobacco-quitting habit) and risk of cancer-progression are usually retrospective. Hamster-buccal-pouch (HBP) develops tumors in 14 weeks on topicalapplication (painting) of carcinogen 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). In this study HBP model was employed to investig...
Oral cancer is associated with high rates of recurrence attributable to field cancerization. Early detection of advanced field changes that can potentially progress to carcinoma can facilitate timely intervention and can lead to improved prognosis. Previous in vivo studies have successfully detected advanced field effects in oral cancers. Raman exf...
The routine oral cancer screening involves a clinical oral examination followed by biopsy. The biopsied sample is subjected to histopathology, the gold standard. As this procedure is prone to subjective errors, requires experienced pathologists and is time consuming, it is pertinent to explore newer diagnostic adjuncts/methods. The changes in the b...
Oral cancers are a major health burden, and patients suffer from low survival rate owing to their late detection. Optical techniques are rapid, objective, and noninvasive methods with the potential to serve as adjunct screening/diagnostic tools, especially for cancers. This chapter highlights the advancements in oral cancer exploration using optica...
Portable devices and potential mobile health care is gaining importance and has become the new trend for point of care diagnosis. In this paper we present a compact, inexpensive and smartphone based digital holographic microscope (SmartDHM) for 3-D cell imaging which is developed by modifying a commercial digital video disk (DVD) optical head to ac...
Exfoliated cell are one of the most patient compliant specimens, hence are workhorse of successful screening programs in cancers like cervix. Raman exfoliative cytology (REC), even on cell pellets using Raman microprobe, has demonstrated ∼80% specificity, comparable to conventional screening programs. Objective of this study is to further evaluate...
Many oncologists contend that patient undergoing chemotherapy must avoid antioxidant supplementation as it may interfere with the activity of the drug. In the present investigation, we have explored the influence of vitamin E, a well known antioxidant on Camptothecin (CPT), a potent anti‐cancer drug induced cell apoptosis and death of cervical canc...
Meningiomas represent the most frequently reported non-glial, primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Meningiomas often display a spectrum of anomalous locations and morphological attributes, deterring their timely diagnosis. The majority of them are sporadic in nature and thus the present-day screening strategies, including radiolog...
Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiation sensitizing ability of ERK1/2, PI3K-AKT and JNK inhibitors in highly radiation resistant and metastatic B16F10 cells which carry wild-type Ras and Braf.
Methods
Mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 was exposed to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam radiation. Phosphorylated ERK1/2, AKT and...
Oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) such as leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral submucous fibrosis, oftenprecedeoralcancer.Screeningandmanagementofthesepremalignantconditionscanimproveprognosis. Raman spectroscopy has previously demonstrated potential in the diagnosis of oral premalignant conditions (in vivo), detected viral infection, and identified...
Background:
Higher rates of local recurrences and second primaries, ascribable to field cancerization, are known problem in oral cancers. The present study explored utility of identification of potential recurrences by Raman spectroscopy, which has been shown to identify oral precancers, cancers, and field cancerization in humans and micro-sized m...
In this work, gold nanospheres functionalized with low weight organic molecules (4-aminothiphenol and cysteamine) were synthesized in a one-step method for their in vitro cytotoxic evaluation on HeLa cells. To enhance the biocompatibility of the cysteamine-capped GNPs, BSA was used due to its broad PH stability and high binding affinity to gold nan...
Accurate understanding of cellular processes and responses to stimuli is of paramount importance in biomedical research and diagnosis. Raman spectroscopy (RS), a label-free and nondestructive spectroscopic method has the potential to serve as a novel 'theranostics' tool. Both fiber-optic and micro-Raman studies have demonstrated efficacy in diagnos...
Oral cancers suffer from poor 5-year survival rates, owing to late detection of the disease. Current diagnostic/screening tools need to be upgraded in view of disadvantages like invasiveness, tedious sample preparation, long output times, and interobserver variances. Raman spectroscopy has been shown to identify many disease conditions, including o...
Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a sensitive vibrational spectroscopic method that can detect even subtle biochemical changes during the onset of disease. Consequently, RS has been extensively investigated for disease diagnosis, including cancers. Oral cancers are known to suffer from dismal survival rates, which have not improved for several decades. As...
Oral cancer is a major cause of mortality in South Asian men owing to rampant tobacco abuse. Cancers are also reported in non-tobacco habitués, especially women, attributed to chronic irritations from irregular/sharp teeth, improper fillings, and poorly fit dentures. Conventional screening approaches are shown to be effective for high-risk groups (...
An inability to discern resistant cells from bulk tumour cell population contributes to poor prognosis in Glioblastoma. Here, we compared parent and recurrent cells generated from patient derived primary cultures and cell lines to identify their unique molecular hallmarks. Although morphologically similar, parent and recurrent cells from different...
Raman spectroscopy is a vibrational spectroscopic technique that can be used to monitor the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs during carcinogenesis in a non-invasive and label-free manner. The present study aims to investigate the biochemical changes exerted upon free silibinin (SIL) and its nanoparticulate (SILNPs) treatment against 7,12-di...
Recently it has been shown that Raman spectroscopy possesses great potential in the
investigation of biomolecular changes of tumor tissues with therapeutic drug response in a noninvasive and label-free manner. The present study is designed to investigate the antitumor effect
of hesperetin-loaded nanoparticles (HETNPs) relative to the efficacy of na...
Optical spectroscopic techniques show improved diagnostic accuracy for non-invasive detection of cervical cancers. In this study, sensitivity and specificity of two in vivo modalities, i.e diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS), were compared by utilizing spectra recorded from the same sites (67 tumor (T), 22 normal cerv...
