Mukesh Gohel

• M. Pharm. Ph. D. (pharmacy)
• Research Director at Anand Pharmacy College

Bosentan is choice of drug for pulmonary arterial hypertension. It belongs to BCS class-II category. Due to poor solubility in aqueous media, treatment leads to frequent dosing & increasing cost of therapy subsequently. One cannot unseen the shortcomings of commonly existing solubility enhancement techniques such as physical and chemical modificati...

The present study was designed to formulate and develop fast disintegrating pellets of poorly soluble model drug (cilostazol) by reducing the proportion of micro-crystalline cellulose with pre-gelatinized starch (PGS), lactose and chitosan. The bioavailability enhancement of a model drug was achieved by preparing inclusion complex with Captisol® (S...

A accurate, precise and robust isocratic HPLC method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of Rifampicin and Ofloxacin. The chromatographic separation was carried out on Kinetex C18, 100 A Phenomenex column with a mixture of 0.03M Potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer pH 3.0: Acetonitrile (55:45) as mobile phase at 230 nm....

Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to develop a solid dispersion of itraconazole (ITR) using sacrificial excipients like pregelatinized starch and spray-dried lactose alongside hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Poloxamer 188, thereby arresting the conversion of the amorphous form of ITR to crystalline form, and to assess the diss...

A selective, precise and accurate RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for rapidly determining the quantity of gliclazide in pharmaceutical dosage form. Isocratic elution was employed on a PhenomenexC18 column at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate (70:30 %v/v). Glic...

Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the interaction between the Galantamine HBr pellets and alcohol. Concomitant administration of alcohol and formulation can affect the plasma concentration of drug or give dose dumping effect or failure of the dosage form as the number of excipients especially polymers used in the modified...

Objective: The present research work aims at describing the formulation and evaluation of the ocular delivery system of moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MH) based on the concept of ion sensitive in situ gelations.Methods: In situ gel was prepared by a hot method using 0.6% of gelrite, 0.25% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K4M) and 0.023% tamarind gum...

Objective: The focus of this study was to develop in situ injectable implants of Lornoxicam which could provide sustained drug release. Methods: Biodegradable in situ injectable implants were prepared by polymer precipitation method using polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA). An optimized formulation was obtained on the basis of drug entrapment effic...

Objective: The present research aims to integrate the concept of quality by design (QbD) to develop galantamine HBr modified release pellets and to scrutinize the critical factors that can affect the quality of the pellets prepared by extrusion spheronization technique. Materials and Methods: Modified release pellets of galantamine HBr were prepare...

Introduction The Bacopa monnieri is traditional Ayurvedic medicine, and reported for memory-enhancing effects. The Bacoside is poorly soluble, bitter in taste and responsible for the memory enhancement action. Memory enhancer is commonly prescribed for children or elder people. Objective Poor solubility, patient compliance and bitterness were a ma...

The aim of the present work was to develop and optimize multiparticulate formulation viz. pellets of naproxen by employing QbD and risk assessment approach. Mixture design with extreme vertices was applied to the formulation with high loading of drug (about 90%) and extrusion-spheronization as a process for manufacturing pellets. Independent variab...

The aim of present study was to enhance solubility of poorly soluble antimalarial drugs, Artemisinin and Curcumin by adopting Co-solvency approach and to develop parenteral aqueous injectable solution. Solubility enhancement of both drugs was achieved using co-solvency approach. The parenteral injection was prepared by using a ternaryco-solvent sys...

The present research work was undertaken to formulate modified release tablets of lornoxicam using Compritol 888 ATO as a lipid matrixing agent and to evaluate the tablets for dissolution in hydro-alcoholic dissolution media to meet the requirement of regulators. The dissolution study was also conducted in aqueous medium containing alcohol and hydr...

Background: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is an excellent excipient for production of pellets by extrusion spheronization. However, it causes slow release rate of poorly water soluble drugs from pellets. Co-processed excipient prepared by spray drying (US 4,744,987; US 5686107; WO 2003/051338) and co-precipitation technique (WO 95/17831) are pa...

Introduction: The aim of burn management and therapy is fast healing and epithelisation to prevent infection. The present study is concerned with the development and characterization of a novel nanaoparticulate system; cubosomes, loaded with silver sulfadiazine (SSD) and Aloe vera for topical treatment of infected burns. Methods: Cubosome dispersi...

Medicated chocolate are more preferable for paediatric patients. The objective of present study was to develop chocolate formulation of Cefpodoxime proxetil for paediatric dosage form. Solubility and taste of bitter drug was enhance by β-CD complexation method using kneading technique. Prepared medicated chocolate was optimized by 2 3 full factoria...

Context: The conventional liquid ophthalmic delivery systems exhibit short precorneal residence time and the relative impermeability to the cornea which leads to poor ocular bioavailability. Objective: The aim of this study was to apply quality by design (QbD) for development of Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) and Tobramycin sulphate (TS) l...

The aim of the present study was to design a new biorelevant dissolution test apparatus for evaluating floating drug delivery systems. The gastric fluid secretion rate, volume of gastric fluid present in the stomach, and gastric emptying from the pylorus opening were taken into consideration. The material of construction was borosilicate glass. In...

The aim of current research was to develop and characterize solid self-emulsified nanostructures (S-SEN) loaded with a BCS class II drug, Lercanidipine hydrochloride (LCH). The liquid self-emulsified nanostructures (L-SEN) were prepared using rice bran oil and glyceryl monooleate (GMO) as oil phase and Tween 80 and propionic acid as surfactant and...

Withaferin A, a steroidal lactone which is present in dry root extract of Withania somnifera (WSE), is reported to possess numerous pharmacological activities and shows poor aqueous solubility. The purpose of this study is to enhance the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of WSE by incorporating it in self nano emulsifying drug delivery syst...

The objective of the present investigation was to improve dissolution characteristics of febuxostat, a BCS class – II drug, by formulating it as solid dispersion adsorbate. Solid dispersion adsorbate(SDA) was prepared using labrasol, transcutol and lutrol F127 as carriers and neusilin as adsorbent. Formulation was prepared using combination of melt...

The present study was carried out with an aim to improve dissolution rate of febuxostat (FBX, BCSclass II) drug. Spherical agglomerates were prepared by hybrid technique of spherical crystallization and solid dispersion using different ratios of FBX and polymer (PVP K30, HPMC E3LV and chitosan). Drug excipient compatibility study was evaluated by F...

Taste masked sublingual film of buspirone hydrochloride (BH) was developed with the objectives of taste masking, fast disintegration, increased dissolution and better patient compliance. The film was formulated using Polyox WSR N-10, polyvinyl pyrolidone (PVP) K-30 and propylene glycol as a plasticizer. Taste masking was obtained by ternary complex...

Ratio derivative spectrophotometric method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of artemisinin and curcumin. the overlapping spectra of both drugs were resolved by making use of the first-derivative of the ratios of their direct absorption spectra. The derivative ratio absorbances of artemisinin and curcumin were measured at λmax 2...

Context: Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is the most widely used excipient for the production of pellets but it retards the release of poorly water soluble drugs. Objective: The present investigation reports incorporation of camphor, cross carmellose sodium (CCS) and spray dried lactose (SDL) into MCC pellets to enhance the dissolution rate of tel...

Long acting parenteral formulations are preferred over conventional formulations forthe treatment of chronic diseases. Prevalence of such diseases provoked the interest of researchers and pharmaceutical industries in the development of long acting parenteral formulations. The regulatory guidelines and pharmacopoeia have remained silent on dissoluti...

In current study, a nanoemulsion as drug delivery system (NE) of spray dried Boswellia Serrata Extract (BSE) was developed and characterized to compare it in vitro/Ex vivo diffusion with reference formulation. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed by phase diagram by aqueous titration method, of which the evaluation method was improved for...

Context: Transdermal spray (TS) of clotrimazole (CTZ) was formulated to improve the drug transport through the skin up to 12 h to achieve the antifungal efficacy. Objective: The aim of present study was to formulate and evaluate antifungal transdermal spray to improve the permeation of clotrimazole across the skin and to decrease the dosing freq...

Nanoemulsion formulation, consisting of isopropyl myristate, Tween 80 and Transcutol P, was optimized employing chemometric techniques to emphasis the role of formulation component on the droplet size and cumulative permeation of Boswellic acids (BA). Simplex lattice design was used to optimize the percentage composition of nanoemulsion. Permeation...

The main objectives of the present work were to design, fabricate and evaluate laboratory scale mini granulator for applications in research and development department. Box and Behnken design was adopted to identify the critical parameters in the wet granulation process. The granules and tablets were characterized. The spherical granules, obtained...

Objective: Ratio derivative spectrophotometric method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of Moxifloxacin HCl (MH) and Difluprednate (DIFLU) in Phosphate Buffer pH 7.4. Methods: In this method, the overlapping spectra of MH and DIFLU were well resolved by making use of the first-derivative of the ratios of their direct absorption...

The objective of present work was to construct nomogram for obtaining a value of similarity factor (f2) by employing the values of number of observations (n) and sum of squared difference of percentage drug dissolved between reference (R) and test (T) products . The steps for rearrangement of equation of similarity factor are presented. The values...

The objective of present investigation was to improve dissolution of ritonavir (RTV), a BCS Class II drug. Amalgamation of solid dispersion and melt adsorption technology was utilized for developing the formulation. Solid dispersion adsorbate (SDA) was prepared using combination of Lutrol F127, Transcutol HP and Labrasol as carriers and Neusilin as...

Objective: The present work was aimed to screen material and processing parameters affecting encapsulation efficiency and drug release from microspheres. Methods: Oxcarbazepine loaded microspheres were prepared employing multiple emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Ratio of chitosan to ethyl cellulose, ratio of drug to polymer, stirring speed,...

The aim of the present investigation was to develope extended release pellets of quetiapine fumarate. The combinations of hydrophilic (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; HPMC K100M) and hydrophobic (Eudragit RSPO) extended release excipients were utilized for the development. The amount of HPMC K100M (X1), amount of Eudragit RSPO (X2), and amount of ac...

The chemometric techniques have been used to demonstrate the role of nanoemulsion components on release of active herbal principle present in the spray dried Boswellia serratta extract. Isopropyl myristate, Tween 80 and Transcutol PR were selectedafter determining the solubility of boswellic acids (BAs) and used to draw phase diagrams. Simplex latt...

The drug-excipient compatibility study of quetiapine fumarate, with widely used sustained release excipients, was carried out employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The selected excipients were HPMC K100M, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, Eudragit RSPO, hydrogenated castor oil, carnauba w...

Objective: In current exploration, systematic attempts have been made to improve the entrapment efficiency of a model hydrophilic drug substance, i.e. acyclovir, in poly (d, l) lactide (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) using a modified nanoprecipitation technique. Methods: Formulation parameters such as drug to polymer ratio, antisolvent selection, elec...

The objectives of the present study were to address the issues of poor flow and inadequate compressibility of metformin HCl by adopting particle engineering technique. Meformin HCl was crystallized in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30). A 3(2) full factorial design (FFD) was employed for optimization of the processing parameters. Percen...

The aim of present work was to prepare pulsatile drug delivery system of metoprolol succinate. In the presnt work pulsatile drug delivery system was prepared by using swellable and rupturable polymer. The polymers like Ac-di-sol and crospovideone was selected as swellable polymer while ethyl cellulose was selected as rupturable polymer. In present...

The present study was carried out to formulate and evaluate sustained release floating microspheres of Carbamazepine using ethyl cellulose as the retardant material with high entrapment efficiency and extended release. A 23 factorial design was employed in formulating the GFDDS with Polymer-to-Drug ratio (X1), Acetone-to-Dichloromethane ratio (X2),...

The aim of this investigation was to develop a novel multifunctional co-processed diluent consisting of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 102), crospovidone (Polyplasdone XL) and polyethylene glycol 4000. Colloidal silicon dioxide and talc were also incorporated as minor components in the diluent to improve tableting properties. Melt granulatio...

One of the thrust areas in drug delivery research is transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) due to their characteristic advantages over oral and parenteral drug delivery systems. Researchers have focused their attention on the use of microneedles to overcome the barrier of the stratum corneum. Microneedles deliver the drug into the epidermis with...

The objective of the present investigation was to study the effect of critical formulation parameters affecting release of isoxsuprine hydrochloride from matrix tablets using combination of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and dicalcium phosphate (DCP). The powder blend consisting of drug and excipients was analyzed for angle of repose, Carr's index and Ha...

The objective of the present investigation was to develop controlled release matrix pellets of venlafaxine HCl using the concept of design of experiments. Extrusion-spheronization technique was adopted for the preparation of the matrix pellets of venlafaxine HCl employing ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) as insoluble and soluble ma...

Lean philosophy is an emerging trend in manufacturing of pharmaceutical dosage forms. There is cut throat competition between pharmaceutical manufacturers to prepare drug products with superior quality at low cost. In this paper, lean principle for continuous tablet manufacturing process is discussed. The objective of the proposed manufacturing pro...

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate microemulsion as a vehicle for dermal drug delivery and to develop microemulsion-based gel of terbinafine for the treatment of onychomycosis. D-optimal mixture experimental design was adopted to optimize the amount of oil (X 1), Smix (mixture of surfactant and cosurfactant; X 2) and water (X 3) i...

The aim of the present work was to prepare and evaluate osmotic controlled drug delivery system of metoprolol tartarate that can provide continous drug release for period of 14 to 15 hours. Prior to compression, the prepared granules were evaluated for flow and compression characteristics. Prepared osmotic drug delivery system was evaluated for in...

The objective of the present investigation was to develop once a day extended release tablet formulation of propranolol hydrochloride employing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). Different batches of propranolol hydrochloride extended release tablets were prepared by using different grades of HPMC (Methocel K4M, Methocel K15M and Methocel K100M)...

Purpose: With the introduction of combinatorial chemistry and high throughput screening, the properties of new chemical entities shifted towards higher molecular weight and increasing lipophilicity that results in decreasing aqueous solubility. It is not surprising that many drug candidates have poor water solubility since the initial selection of...

Ispaghula husk was evaluated as a hydrophilic matrixing agent for the development of modified-release tablets of diclofenac sodium.Matrix tablets containing diclofenac sodium, ispaghula husk powder, lactose, micro-crystalline cellulose or cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone were prepared by a non-aqueous wet granulation technique. A seven-point simpl...

The aim of the present work was to prepare floating microspheres of acyclovir to prolong residence time in stomach and to sustain the release of acyclovir. Acyclovir loaded floating microspheres were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The 3 2 full factorial design was applied to optimize the formulation. The resultant microsphe...

The present study was carried out with a view to enhance dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drug aceclofenac (BCS-class II) using Avicel 200 and Sylysia 350 as polymers. Surface solid dispersion (SSD) was prepared by kneading method using different ratios of aceclofenac and polymers. Phase solubility study was conducted to evaluate the effect...

P-glycoprotein (P-gp, Permeability glycoprotein) is a very well investigated efflux pump of the Multi Drug Resistant genes (MDR) subfamily. P-gp is energy dependent transporter protein involved in effluxing a number of drugs and impedes their absorption intracellularly. Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) of tumor cells is the main cause of the failure of...

Unlabelled: The purpose of present work was to develop ambroxol hydrochloride soft gel formulation with the application of statistical experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM). A two-factor, three-level (3(2)) full factorial design of experiment with RSM was run to evaluate the main and interaction effect of two independent formu...

Smart gel periodontal drug delivery systems (SGPDDS) containing gellan gum (0.1-0.8% w/v), lutrol F127 (14, 16, and 18% w/v), and ornidazole (1% w/v) were designed for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Each formulation was characterized in terms of in vitro gelling capacity, viscosity, rheology, content uniformity, in vitro drug release, and s...

Development of directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying technique Metformin hydrochloride exhibits poor compressibility during compaction, often resulting in weak and unacceptable tablets with a high tendency to cap. The purpose of this study was to develop directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying t...

The objective of present study was to formulate hydrogel thickened ibuprofen transdermal formulation. Eutectic mixture of camphor and menthol was chosen as oily phase, solvent for ibuprofen and powerful penetration enhancer. Tween 80, ethanol (90% v/v) and carbopol 940 were selected as surfactant, co-surfactant and hydrogel thickening agent respect...

The objectives of present investigation were to achieve immediate release of paracetamol and tailored release of diclofenac sodium from bi-layer tablets. A 2(3) full factorial design was adopted using the amount of polyethylene glycol, microcrystalline cellulose and crospovidone as independent variables for fabricating paracetamol tablets. Diclofen...

Obesity and overweight have become a worldwide epidemic, and there is an urgent need to examine childhood obesity and overweight across countries using a standardized international standard. In the present study we have investigated the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors l...

The purpose of this study was to develop sustained-release tablets of diltiazem HCl using alkali-treated guar gum as a hydrophilic matrixing agent.The effect of NaOH concentration on swelling of modified guar gum was more pronounced than that of time and temperature. The tablets of diltiazem HCl, containing either untreated or modified guar gum, we...

The objective of the present investigation was to develop lactose based directly compressible (DC) adjuvant and to use Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for its evaluation. Lactose was recrystallized from concentrated aqueous solution in the presence of different percentages of partially hydrolyzed wheat starch. The crystalline products were evalua...

The aim of present investigation was to develop a novel dosage form of rifampicin and isoniazid to minimize degradation of rifampicin in acidic medium and to modulate the release of rifampicin in the stomach and isoniazid in intestine. Gastroretentive tablets of rifampicin were prepared by direct compression using polyethylene oxide, calcium carbon...

The present work was directed towards fabrication of diclofenac topical cream with similar physical characteristics but with better drug transport than market formulation using eutectic mixture of camphor and menthol as a solvent and powerful permeation enhancer. Bees wax, white soft paraffin and liquid paraf.n constituted the oily phase in the cre...

The purpose of this research work was to develop venlafaxine hydrochloride-coated and layered matrix tablets using hypromellose adopting wet granulation technique. The granules and the tablets were characterized. The monolithic tablets were coated with different ratios of ethyl cellulose and hypromellose. The in vitro dissolution study was performe...

The present research was directed towards fabrication of modified-release captopril oral formulation. A 3(2) full factorial design was employed for optimization using captopril to Compritol ATO 888 ratio (X1) and extragranular fraction of ethyl cellulose (X2) as independent variables. The percentage drug released in 1 h (Y1) and the time required t...

The aim of present study were to arrest the problem of content uniformity without the use of harmful organic solvent and to improve ex vivo permeability of captopril, a low dose class III drug as per biological classification system. Eutectic mixture of camphor and menthol was innovatively used in the work. Captopril solution in eutectic mixture wa...

The aim of the present investigation was to prepare and optimize the formulation of mouth dissolving film of salbutamol sulphate by applying experimental design technique. The films were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol by solvent evaporation technique. Simplex lattice design and desirability...

The present endeavor was directed towards fabrication of the novel colonic drug delivery system of ibuprofen. To begin with, the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose capsules containing adsorbate of eutectic mixture of ibuprofen and menthol and pregelatinized starch were coated with ethyl cellulose. These ethyl cellulose coated capsules were filled in ano...

The objective of present investigation was to develop venlafaxine hydrochloride-layered tablets for obtaining sustained drug release. The tablets containing venlafaxine hydrochloride 150 mg were prepared by wet granulation technique using xanthan gum in the middle layer and barrier layers. The granules and tablets were characterized. The in vitro d...

Aim of the present study was to formulate Aceclofenac delayed release tablet for eight h to prevent early morning attacks of rheumatic arthritis. Swellable aceclofenac core tablets were spray coated to 5% w/w weight gain with ethyl cellulose. Different batches were formulated to study effect of core formulation factors on the lag time. The study re...

The present research was directed towards fabrication of modified-release captopril oral formulation. A 3(2) full factorial design was employed for optimization using captopril to Compritol(R) ATO 888 ratio (X(1)) and extragranular fraction of ethyl cellulose (X(2)) as independent variables. The percentage drug released in 1 h (Y(1)) and the time r...

The objective of present study was to develop a relevant in vitro diffusion method to evaluate transdermal drug delivery system of ondansetron hydrochloride. A flow through cell was designed and evaluated. In this method, a glass diffusion cell was connected to a glass beaker (500 ml capacity) containing 300 ml of diffusion medium (phosphate buffer...

The objective of present study was to develop a relevant in vitro diffusion method to evaluate transdermal drug delivery system of ondansetron hydrochloride. A flow through cell was designed and evaluated. In this method, a glass diffusion cell was connected to a glass beaker (500 ml capacity) containing 300 ml of diffusion medium (phosphate buffer...

The objective of this study was to develop soft paracetamol gel using gellan gum as a gelling agent and sodium citrate as a source of cation. Different batches were prepared using three different concentrations of gellan gum (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5%), each with two different sodium citrate concentrations (0.3 and 0.5%). The consistency of the paracetamo...

The objective of the present work was to propose a method for calculating weight in the Moore and Flanner Equation. The percentage coefficient of variation in reference and test formulations at each time point was considered for calculating weight. The literature reported data are used to demonstrate applicability of the method. The advantages and...

The objective of this work was to develop floating levofloxacin tablets and to understand the kinetics of drug release by applying mathematical and model-dependent approaches. Nine formulations of floating tablets were prepared by the direct compression method using Gelucire 43/01 (hydrophobic) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (hydrophilic) as mat...

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified release tablet of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum as a matrixing agent. A 32 full factorial design was employed for the optimization of formulation. The percentage drug released at a given time (Y 60, Y 240 and Y 720) and the time required...

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified transport fluconazole transdermal spray using ethyl cellulose and Eudragit® RS100 as film-forming polymers. Eudragit® RS100 (X 1) and ethyl cellulose (X 2) were selected as independent variables in 32 full factorial design, whereas drug transport in first hour (Y 1) and the time require...

The objective of the present study was to formulate fluconazole transdermal spray for obtaining modified drug transport using eutectic mixture, ethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide and alcohol. The formulated products were characterized. The selection of the optimized batch was done considering the results of drug transport in the first hour, the ti...

The aim of the present work was to minimize the degradation of rifampicin by formulating floating minimatrices of rifampicin. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were used in the cold extrusion technique. The minimatrices were characterized for floating lag time (FLT), floating duration time (FDT), friability...

The review aims majorly on four areas namely: Architecturing, Synthesis, Properties & Applications of the dendrimer. The unique architectural design of dendrimers, high degree of branching, multivalency, globular architecture and well-defined molecular weight, clearly distinguishes these structures as unique and optimum nanocarriers in medical appl...

The study was attempted to develop an alternative oral mucosal delivery of nanoparticles based system for Fluoxetine hydrochloride (antidepressant). The drug bearing nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent (internal phase) evaporation method. The critical variables like, polymer concentration, emulsifier concentration and rate of homogeniza...

In order to provide an alternative, patient compliant and controlled release of sulfonylureas, nasal route is one of the best options among other routes for type-II diabetes mellitus. Glibenclamide (GLB) was selected since its oral absorption is affected by presence of food and it undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism. GLB loaded solid lipid na...

Aim of the present investigation was to develop reconstitutable paracetamol gel using gellan gum as a gelling agent and sodium citrate as a source of cation. Different batches were prepared using two different concentrations of gellan gum (1 and 1.6 %), each at two different sodium citrate concentrations (2.3 and 3 %). The consistency of the parace...

Spray drying is the continuous transformation of feed from a fluid state into dried particulate form by spraying the feed into a hot drying medium. The feed may be solution, slurry, emulsion, gel or paste, provided it is pumpable and capable of being atomized. It involves bringing together a highly dispersed liquid and a sufficient volume of hot ai...

Site-specific colonic drug delivery system of Mesalamine based on combination of pH and time sensitivity was developed. Press-coated mesalamine tablets with a coat of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E-15) were over-coated with Eudragit® L100. Sequential dissolution test demonstrated that Eudragit® L100 coat prevented drug release in the conditi...

Abstract Seven batches of poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PLA) were prepared from D, L-lactic acid using tetraphenyltin or zinc acetate as a catalyst. The samples of PLA were characterized by terminal group analysis, gel permeation chromatography, infrared analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Polymerization conditions such as the time of reacti...