Muhammad Sarfraz

Kuwait University | KU · Department of Information Science

Nowadays, there are a ton of diverse applications that use digital images, notably for earth science. Shadows, for example, might cause some distortions in digital images. In digital images, shadows are a typical occurrence that is regarded as a source of noise in many applications. Shadow results in inaccurate image segmentation, the loss of cruci...

Breast cancer is one of the significant issues in medical sciences today. Specifically, women are suffering most worldwide. Early diagnosis can result to control the growth of the tumor. However, there is a need of high precision of diagnosis for right treatment. This chapter contributes toward an achievement of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) sys...

Shadows, in aerial and satellite high-resolution images of earth, are a common phenomenon. Shadow causes false-color image, loss of information in the image, and false image segmentation. This leads to incorrect outputs of many image processing applications. In this paper, we address the problem of shadow detection in aerial high-resolution images...

This research proposes, designs, and implements a new telehealth system. It is a Speech Clinic System (SCS) for children with communication disorders. It provides an online automated alternate to the traditional manual treatment processes for children with communication disorder. The proposed SCS provides an easy way for parents to be in touch with...

Breast cancer prevails to be one of the major cancer types in women worldwide. In the context of the prevention and early detection of breast cancer, it is necessary to conceive diagnostic aid systems to control tumor growth with very high precision and to give more effective treatments adapted to the pathological stage of the tumor. To achieve suc...

The systems of eye classification in an image are indispensable in several domains. To better find the class of membership of the eye in a minimal time, the classic methods of detection are inadequate. Fuzzy logic is considered to be an effective technique for solving an eye classification problem. This article proposes a fuzzy approach for eye cla...

The subdivision schemes have already considered as a fundamental research part of CAGD for the aim of curve shaping. A lot of work has been done in this famous research area of CAGD. Due to the high demand for curve and surface modeling in the industry, subdivision schemes show a very efficient and fast enough method to produce the smooth curves in...

An approach, for reverse engineering of generic shapes is proposed which is useful for the vectorization of the generic shapes. The recommended scheme comprises of different steps including extracting outlines of images, identifying feature points from the detected outlines, and curve fitting. The quadratic spline functions are used to find the opt...

Document indexing is an active domain, which is interesting a lot of researchers. Generally, it is used in the information retrieval systems. Document indexing encompasses a set of approaches that can be applied to index a document using a corpus. This treatment has several advantages, like accelerating the research process, finding the pertinent c...

This research proposes, designs, and implements a new online system for electronic medical records (EMR) for assisting the current processes of labs and hospitals. Specific consideration is given to the records of blood donors. It provides an online automated alternate to the traditional manual processes adopted for various medical labs. The propos...

This research proposes, designs, and implements a new telehealth system. It is a Speech Clinic System (SCS) for children with communication disorders. It provides an online automated alternate to the traditional manual treatment processes for children with communication disorder. The proposed SCS provides an easy way for parents to be in touch with...

Internet has an influence on every aspect of modern life. The increasing interest in e-government has led to increase in public expenditure on communication technologies. The technology provides and facilitates opportunities for citizens to interact with e-government, so called e-participation. In fact, it makes the citizens involvement higher in t...

The deaf category represents a significant class at the global level, and it is therefore necessary to pay attention to the provision of prominent educational programs and services to help them achieve self-realization and full integration into society. This study seeks to propose a new translation system for deaf students in faculties, universitie...

Interactive communication systems and technologies are big motivation for e-learning nowadays. This chapter is dedicated for studying the effect of e-learning worldwide. The state of Kuwait is considered as a special case for this study. Two research methods have been used in this study. One method uses a questionnaire for an input of 104 students...

Detecting corner points for the digital images is based on determining significant geometrical locations. Corner points lead and guide for providing significant clues for shape analysis and representation. They actually provide significant features of an object, which can be used in different phases of processing. In shape analysis problems, for ex...

Breast cancer is one of the significant issues in medical sciences today. Specifically, women are suffering most worldwide. Early diagnosis can result to control the growth of the tumor. However, there is a need of high precision of diagnosis for right treatment. This chapter contributes toward an achievement of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) sys...

Shadows occur very frequently in digital images while considering them for various important applications. Shadow is considered as a source of noise and can cause false image colors, loss of information, and false image segmentation. Thus, it is required to detect and remove shadows from images. This chapter addresses the problem of shadow detectio...

This chapter deals with image processing in the specific area of image zooming via interpolation. The authors employ bivariate rational cubic ball function defined on rectangular meshes. These bivariate spline have six free parameters that can be used to alter the shape of the surface without needed to change the data. It also can be used to refine...

In this work, a new technique is designed to capture the outline of 2D shapes using cubic Bezier curves. The proposed technique avoids the traditional method of optimizing the global squared fitting error, and emphasizes on the local control of data points. A maximum error is determined to preserve the absolute fitting error less than a criterion,...

This study deals with the application of new rational bi-cubic Ball function with six parameters in image interpolation, especially for the grayscale image. These six free parameters can be modified to get better and quality image resolution, and refine the shape of the interpolating surface. This bivariate rational Ball function has been extended...

This study deals with the application of new rational bi-cubic Ball function with six parameters in image interpolation, especially for the grayscale image. These six free parameters can be modified to get better and quality image resolution, and refine the shape of the interpolating surface. This bivariate rational Ball function has been extended...

In this study, a new rational bicubic Ball with six free parameters is proposed for image interpolation. These free parameters can be used to refine the shape of the surface. This rational bicubic Ball function is constructed by using tensor product approach. The proposed scheme is tested to grayscale image upscale. An efficient algorithm is employ...

Millet is grown in tropical and subtropical climates owing to its low water requirement compared with other cereals. There are four main species of millet grown in the world known as (i) pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], (ii) proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), (iii) finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.], and (iv) the foxtail...

Seed priming and seedling pretreatments improve the stand establishment seedling growth by improving nutrient accumulation in roots/shoots, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes thus enhance tolerance against multiple abiotic stresses including drought, extreme temperature, salinity, toxic metal/metalloid(s), waterlogging, etc., which are threate...

We design a fast technique for fitting cubic B´ezier curves to the boundary of 2D shapes. The technique is implemented by means of the Nelder–Mead simplex procedure to optimize the control points. The natural attributes of the B´ezier curve are utilized to discover the initial vertex points of the Nelder–Mead procedure. The proposed technique is fa...

Rational schemes for shape preservation of monotone data both in 2D and 3D setups have been developed. C ¹ rational cubic and partially blended bicubic functions are employed for this purpose. Monotonicity is achieved by extracting constraints on parameters involved in the description of these rational functions. Monotone curves and surfaces have b...

An imperative curve modeling technique has been established with a view to its applications in various disciplines of science, engineering and design. It is a new spline method using piecewise quadratic trigonometric functions. It possesses error bounds of order 3. The proposed curve model also owns the most favorable geometric properties. The prop...

Table of data of objects. (PDF)

The world has become more advanced in communication, especially after the invention of the internet. A key issue facing today's society is the increase in cybercrime or e-crimes (electronic crimes), another term for cybercrime. Thus, e-crimes pose threats to nations, organizations, and individuals across the globe. It has become widespread in many...

This chapter presents an approach for automatic recognition of license plates. The system basically consists of four modules: image acquisition, license plate extraction, segmentation, and recognition. It starts by capturing images of the vehicle using a digital camera. An algorithm for the extraction of license plate has been designed and an algor...

The disposal of sugar mill effluent is a serious matter of concern for the sugar industry. In this regard, the dilution of sugar mill effluent in combination with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) might be a viable option for improving crop growth. In this study, we evaluated the potential of diluted sugar mill effluent (SME) and PGPR to...

A significant curve modeling technique has been introduced with a view to its applications in geometric modeling, computer graphics and computer-aided design. It is a new spline method using quadratic trigonometric functions with well-controlled shape influences of parameters introduced through geometric continuity of order two. The proposed curve...

A proficient freeform curve design technique is developed by constructing B-spline like local support basis functions using a quadratic trigonometric function introduced. The built basis functions fulfill the properties of the local support, partition of unity and the positivity. The freeform designed curve method, by these constructed local suppor...

Rational shape-preserving interpolation schemes are developed for positive and monotone regular surface data. The data points are arranged over the rectangular grid. A Bézier like bivariate rational cubic function is constructed. This Bézier like bivariate rational interpolant involves eight free parameters in each rectangular patch. Data dependent...

This paper deliberates on the development of new smooth shape-preserving schemes. These schemes are also demonstrated with data in the form of shape-preserving trigonometric spline curves. For this persistence, a trigonometric spline function is developed, which also nourishes all the fundamental geometric properties of Bézier function as well. The...

The cubic polynomial interpolation schemes are presented for the shape preservation of positive, monotone and convex 2D data. A \( \text{GC}^{1} \) cubic interpolant with two free parameters in Ball form is constructed. The constraints are developed on these free parameters to preserve the shapes of data. The order of approximation of the developed...

An imperative scheme is adopted to model 2D objects by constructing a weighted-spline using a quadratic trigonometric function with well controlled shape influences of parameters. The curve models, constructed through the suggested scheme, own the best possible geometric properties such as convex hull, partition of unity, affine invariance and vari...

A technique to capture outline of planar objects using two rational cubic functions for approximating the boundary curve, is presented in this paper. Genetic algorithm is utilized to find suitable values of parameters in the description of rational functions. The proposed devised scheme eventually helps construct optimal curve to contours of images...

Paper currency recognition (PCR) is an important area of pattern recognition. A system for the recognition of paper currency is one kind of intelligent system which is a very important need of the current automation systems in the modern world of today. It has various potential applications including electronic banking, currency monitoring systems,...

This paper develops a smooth trigonometric quadratic spline. It consists of three parameters which provide flexibility of tangents in their magnitude and direction at the end points of each sub-interval. Furthermore, constraints have been derived on two of the parameters to demonstrate positive, constrained, monotone and convex shapes of the data....

In the Region Growing Algorithm (RGA) results of segmentation are totally dependent on the selection of seed point, as an inappropriate seed point may lead to poor segmentation. However, the majority of MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography) datasets do not contain required region (vessels) in starting slices. An Enhanced Region Growing Algorithm (ER...

In modern days, engineers encounter a remarkable range of different engineering problems like study of structure, structure properties, and designing of different engineering images, for example, automotive images, aerospace industrial images, architectural designs, shipbuilding, and so forth. This paper purposes an interactive curve scheme for des...

This paper focuses on shape preservation of data. A piecewise rational cubic trigonometric function with three parameters has been constructed to visualize shape preserving positive, monotone and convex data. Two of the parameters are constrained to create the shape preserving curve through positive, monotone and convex data, while, the remaining o...

Object designing has a significance importance in the field of Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM). In this paper, two techniques for the designing of 2D objects are developer. These are based on rational cubic spline interpolant and rational quadratic spline interpolant with sh...

Intelligent systems on Paper currency recognition and verification are inevitable for modern banking services. These systems are used in Auto-seller machines, vending machines etc. Extracting sufficient and reliable monetary characteristics are essential for accuracy and performance of such systems. This paper proposes a new intelligent system for...

This paper reviews, implements and compares two corner detection algorithms for mining corner points on the generic shapes. These corner detectors detect corners by using combination of one rectangle (R) and two ellipses (EE). These algorithms have been used with different combinations: REE and EER together with different parameter settings in thei...

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6901365

An approach, based on conic splines, is proposed here for capturing image outlines of generic shapes. It has various phases including extracting outlines of images, mining feature points from the detected outlines, and curve fitting. The idea of particle swarm optimization has been incorporated to optimize the shape parameters in the description of...

Corner points or features determine significant geometrical locations of the digital images. They provide important clues for shape representation and analysis. Corner points represent important features of an object that may be useful at subsequent levels of processing. If the corner points are identified properly, a shape can be represented in an...

This chapter proposes a scheme that helps digitizing hand printed and electronic planar objects or vectorizing the generic shapes. An evolutionary optimization technique, namely Genetic Algorithm (GA), is used to solve the problem of curve fitting with cubic and rational cubic spline functions. The underlying scheme is comprised of various phases i...

Diseases in fruit cause devastating problems in economic losses and production in the agricultural industry worldwide. In this chapter, a method to detect and classify fruit diseases automatically is proposed and experimentally validated. The image processing-based proposed approach is composed of the following main steps: in the first step K-Means...

A two parameter family of C1 rational cubic spline functions is presented for the graphical representation of shape preserving curve interpolation for shaped data. These parameters have a direct impact on the shape of the curve. Constraints are developed on one family of the parameters to visualize positive, monotone and convex data while other fam...

A two parameter family of C1 rational cubic spline functions is presented for the graphical representation of shape preserving curve interpolation for shaped data. These parameters have a direct impact on the shape of the curve. Constraints are developed on one family of the parameters to visualize positive, monotone and convex data while other fam...

Object recognition is an important research field of computer vision and has its application in a broad range of problems including image retrieval, compression, surveillance and medical diagnostics. The main goal of the object recognition problem is to recognize the objects of the same type even when they are viewed from different viewpoints. This...

Object recognition is an important research field of computer vision and has its application in a broad range of problems including image retrieval, compression, surveillance and medical diagnostics. The main goal of the object recognition problem is to recognize the objects of the same type even when they are viewed from different viewpoints. This...

An automatic approach, for reverse engineering of digitized hand printed and electronic planar objects, is presented which is useful for vectorizing the generic shapes. The rational cubic functions were used to find the optimal solution of the curve fitting problem with the netp of a soft computing technique genetic algorithm which finds appropriat...

A new technique for approximating intersection curves of two parametric surfaces is presented, which extracts boundary points and turning points from a sequence of intersection points and interpolate them with the help of cubic spline function.

The presented paper focuses on two objectives, the development of a new curve interpolation scheme and its application towards the visualization of shaped data. A C 1 piecewise rational cubic function with two parameter family, is developed and presented. The affect of parameters on the shape of the model curve is examined mathematically and illust...

This paper designs and implements a corner detection algorithm for mining corner points on the generic shapes. The proposed corner detector detects corners by using combination of one rectangle and two ellipses (REE) with different parameter settings in their descriptions. REE combination slides along the boundary of the shape and records number of...

This paper proposes an optimization technique for the outline capture of planar images. This is inspired by a global optimization algorithm based on multilevel coordinate search (MCS). By starting a search from certain good points (initially detected corner points), an improved convergence result is obtained. The overall technique has various phase...

This work proposes a scheme which helps digitizing hand printed and electronic planar objects or vectorizing the generic shapes. An evolutionary optimization technique namely Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to solve the problem of curve fitting with a cubic spline function. GA works well for finding the optimal values of shape parameters in the desc...

Innovations in computer vision technology continue to advance the applications and design of image processing and its influence on multimedia applications. Intelligent Computer Vision and Image Processing: Innovation, Application, and Design provides methods and research on various disciplines related to the science and technology of machines. This...

Egomotion estimation is based principally on the estimation of the optical flow in the image. Recent research has shown that the use of omnidirectional systems with large fields of view allow overcoming the limitation presented in planar-projection imagery in order to address the problem of motion analysis. For omnidirectional images, the 2D motion...

In this paper, the authors propose a kernel-based approach to improve the retrieval performances of CBIR systems by learning a distance metric based on class probability distributions. Unlike other metric learning methods which are based on local or global constraints, the proposed method learns for each class a nonlinear kernel which transforms th...

The exponential growth of digital image data has created a great demand for effective and efficient scheme and tools for browsing, indexing and retrieving images from a collection of large image databases. To address such a demand, this paper proposes a new content based image retrieval technique with orthogonal polynomials model. The proposed mode...

This paper proposes and contributes towards designing a complete system for off-line Arabic character recognition. The proposed system is specifically meant for Arabic handwriting recognition, but it equally works for the typed character recognition. It has various phases including preprocessing and segmentation. It also includes thinning phase and...