Muhammad Usman Minhas

University of Sargodha | UOS · Department of Pharmaceutics

Objective of the research was to potentiate solubility of Rosuvastatin by nanogels synthesized by free radical polymerization. Surface morphology and structural compatibility were studied through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Zeta sizer was used for particle size analysis. Swelling, in-vitro...

The disease-related suffering in colorectal cancer remains prevalent despite advancements in the field of drug delivery. Chemotherapy-related side effects and non-specificity remain a challenge in drug delivery. The great majority of hydrophobic drugs cannot be successfully delivered to the colon orally mainly due to poor solubility, low bioavailab...

Microneedles are minimally invasive systems that can deliver drugs intradermally without pain and bleeding and can advantageously replace the hypodermal needles and oral routes of delivery. Deferasirox (DFS) is an iron chelator employed in several ailments where iron overload plays an important role in disease manifestation. In this study, DFS was...

The objective of the current study was to synthesize and characterize carbopol containing hydrogels with different monomers such as methacrylic acid (MAA), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and itaconic acid (ITA). Free radical polymerization method was optimized for the preparation of different formulations using N,N-methylene bis-...

Low permeability is one of the barriers to the bioavailability of drugs through the oral route. The purpose of the present study was to design and optimize a sustained release and highly permeable hydrogel formulation of ganciclovir (GCV) by using response surface methodology (RSM). Carbopol 934P was used as a gelling agent, with two permeation enh...

The main objective of the current research work was to fabricate polyethylene glycol-based hydrogels for the controlled delivery of Ketorolac. Polyethylene glycol was chemically cross-linked with acrylic acid using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as a cross-linker with ammonium persulfate and sodium metabisulphite as initiators. To determine the effici...

The aim of the current investigation was based on the development of pH-responsive hydrogels of chondroitin sulfate, carbopol, and polyvinyl alcohol polymerized with acrylic acid in the presence of ammonium persulfate and ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate for controlled drug delivery. A free radical polymerization technique was used for the preparat...

Poor solubility is a global issue of copious pharmaceutical industries as large number of drugs in development stage as well as already marketed products are poorly soluble which results in low dissolution and ultimately dosage increase. Current study is aimed at developing a polyvinylpyrrolidone- (PVP-K30-) based nanogel delivery system for solubi...

Skin considered as an attractive route for variety of drug molecules administration. However it proved to be the main physical barrier for drug flux owing to their poor permeability and low bioavailability across stratum corneum layer. In current study novel approach has been used to enhance transdermal delivery via microporation through combinatio...

Herein, we report nanogels comprising diverse feed ratio of polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), monomer acrylic acid (AA), and cross-linker methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) fabricated for transdermal delivery of finasteride (FIN). Free radical solution polymerization method with subsequent condensation was employed for the synthesis using am...

The objective of current study was to fabricate PEG based hydrogels cross linked with monomer i.e. acrylic acid and 2, Acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) in aqueous media. N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) was used as cross linker while ammonium per sulfate was added in reaction as initiator. Sodium bicarbonate was used as to create p...

Purpose of this study was to prepare chitosan/tamarind crosslinked poly (methacrylic acid) hydrogels for pH responsive delivery of cytarabine by using aqueous free radical polymerization technique. Polymers were chemically cross‐linked with monomer (methacrylic acid) using methylene bisacrylamide as cross‐linking agent and ammonium per sulphate as...

Acetaminophen is a white crystalline odorless drug. It decreases the formation of prostaglandins by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX-3), thus, used in the relieving of pain and fever. The recommended dose of acetaminophen is very high. Due to high dose intake, certain severe adverse effects such as hepatotoxicity and skin rashes are produc...

The biopolymers-based two-fold system could provide a sustained release platform for drug delivery to the brain resisting the mucociliary clearance, enzymatic degradation, bypassing the first-pass hepatic metabolism, and BBB thus providing superior bioavailability through intranasal administration. In this study, poloxamers PF-127/PF-68 grafted chi...

pH-responsive hydrogels gained remarkable attention for an effective controlled delivery of therapeutic agent for biomedical applications. The purpose of present study was to develop novel pluronic-co-poly (MAA) hydrogels for pH-sensitive controlled release of Tolterodine tartrate. Free radical polymerization of pluronic F127 and methacrylic acid w...

Background: Chronic wound healing is a major challenge for health care system around the globe. Current study was conducted to develop and characterize chemically cross-linked polyethylene glycol-co-poly (AMPS) hydrogel membranes to enhanced the wound healing efficiency of antibiotic mupirocin (MP). Methods: Free radical polymerization technique...

This study was aimed to develop novel in situ forming gels based on N-vinylcaprolactam, sodium alginate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide. The in situ Poly (NVRCL-g-NaAlg) gels were developed using the cold and free radical polymerization method. The structure formation, thermal stability, and porous nature of gels was confirmed by FTIR, NMR, DSC, TG...

This study was aimed to develop novel in situ forming gels based on N-vinylcaprolactam, sodium alginate, and N,N-methylenebisacrylamide. The in situ Poly (NVRCL-g-NaAlg) gels were developed using the cold and free radical polymerization method. The structure formation, thermal stability, and porous nature of gels was confirmed by FTIR, NMR, DSC, TG...

This study scrutinized the use of monomer hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-carboxyethyl acrylate, initiator ammonium persulfate and cross-linker N′N′-methylene bisacrylamide to form polymeric composites by employing free radical polymerization of poorly water-soluble drug Letrozole (LTE). Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of bre...

Objective: Purpose of the current study was to improve the oral effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by developing novel controlled, combinatorial drug delivery system (nCDDS) for co-delivery of 5-FU and leucovorin calcium (LC) for colon targeting. Significance: On the basis of results obtained, novel controlled, combinatorial drug delivery sy...

In current study, novel in situ formed injectable self-assembled thermoreversible depot gels based on N-(Vinylcaprolactam) were synthesized with a carbohydrate polymer i.e. sodium alginate in aqueous solution using cold method. The prepared gels preparations were intended to be utilized as 5-FU delivery depot after injectable administration through...

The major goal of this project was to formulate iodine-based self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system to provide improve antimicrobial activity and enhanced mucosal residence time via mucus penetration. Iodine SNEDDS (Self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system) with different concentration were formulated using castor oil as the oil phase, cremop...

In this study, we report the highly responsive chitosan-based chemically cross-linked nanomatrices, a nano-version of hydrogels developed through modified polymerization reaction for solubility improvement of poorly soluble drug simvastatin. The developed nanomatrices were characterized for solubilization efficiency, swelling studies, sol-gel analy...

β-cyclodextrin-based novel pH-responsive hydrogels were prepared by grafting 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid (AMPS) and methacrylic acid (MAA) through free radical polymerization technique using N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide as cross-linker for the controlled drug delivery. Captopril was loaded as a model drug. The influence of acrylami...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer-related complications and deaths worldwide. Treatments currently being employed have limited use due to the off-target- side effects and minimum localized retention of the medicinal agents at the tumor site. This study aims to develop and evaluate a novel Hyd-Nano drug delivery system (HNDDS) c...

Diabetic wound infection often leads to compromised healing with frequent chances of sepsis, amputation and even death. Traditional patient care emphasized on early debridement and fluid resuscitation followed by intravenous antibiotics therapy. However, compromised vasculature often limit the systemic effect of antibiotics. Current study focused f...

The in situ injectable hydrogel system offers a widespread range of biomedical applications in prompt chronic wound treatment and management, as it provides self-healing, maintains a moist wound microenvironment, and offers good antibacterial properties. This study aimed to develop and evaluate biopolymer-based thermoreversible injectable hydrogels...

This study aimed to enhance the solubility and release characteristics of docetaxel by synthesizing highly porous and stimuli responsive nanosponges, a nano-version of hydrogels with the additional qualities of both hydrogels and nano-systems. Nanosponges were prepared by the free radical polymerization technique and characterized by their solubili...

Poor aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability are major issues with many pharmaceutical industries. By some estimation, 70–90% drug candidates in development stage while up-to 40% of the marketed products are poorly soluble which leads to low bioavailability, reduced therapeutic effects and dosage escalation. That's why solubility is an importan...

The main focus of the current study was to sustain the releasing behavior of theophylline by fabricated polymeric microgels. The free radical polymerization technique was used for the development of aspartic acid-co-poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) microgels while using various combinations of aspartic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylprop...

Herein, we report highly porous and amorphous nanomatrices developed by cross-linking polymerization with subsequent condensation technique for solubility, dissolution and ultimately bioavailability enhancement of poorly soluble drug olanzapine (OLN). β-cyclodextrin was chemically cross-linked with monomer 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropane sulfonic acid...

pH-responsive hydrogels based on alginic acid grafted with acrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate in the presence of ammonium persulfate were developed for controlled delivery of Ketorolac tromethamine. The alginic acid based hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization technique. Increase in gel fraction was observed with the...

Glutamic acid-co-poly(acrylic acid) (GAcPAAc) hydrogels were prepared by the free radical polymerization technique using glutamic acid (GA) as a polymer, acrylic acid (AAc) as a monomer, ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker, and ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator. Increase in gel fraction was observed with the increasin...

Ketorolac tromethamine is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the management of severe pain. The half-life of Ketorolac tromethamine is within the range of 2.5–4 h. Hence, repeated doses of Ketorolac tromethamine are needed in a day to maintain the therapeutic level. However, taking several doses of Ketorolac tromethamine in a day genera...

Objective It is clinically important to deliver sustained-release mucoadhesive dosage of local anesthetic and antimicrobial agent for pain control. The current study aimed to develop and evaluate chitosan (CHI) based buccal mucoadhesive delivery for local release of tibezonium iodide (TBN) and lignocaine hydrochloride (LGN). Methods Direct compres...

The major objective of this study is to fabricate a very promising system by loading anticancer agent in it which could be given to the cancer patients by oral administration and additionally that will liberate drugs in large intestine (affected/cancerous area). Minimum or no exposure of chemotherapeutic agents to gastric/small intestine will signi...

The purpose of the current investigation was to develop chondroitin sulfate/carbopol-co-poly(acrylic acid) (CS/CBP-co-PAA) hydrogels for controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium (DS). Different concentrations of polymers chondroitin sulfate (CS), carbopol 934 (CBP), and monomer acrylic acid (AA) were cross-linked by ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate...

Double-layered controlled release microspheres of venlafaxine were prepared using ethyl cellulose (EC) as a wall forming hydrophobic polymer. Usually, it is difficult to control initial sudden release of highly water-soluble drugs. In this regard, double-layered microparticles were prepared not only for controlling initial burst effect but also to...

In this study, two hydrophilic polymers hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) are used to synthesize highly responsive and spongy polymeric matrices. Porous and stimulus-responsive polymeric network was developed to improve the solubility of acyclovir (ACV) at significant level. Grafting was successfully carried out by free ra...

Injectable hydrogel with multifunctional tunable properties comprising biocompatibility, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, and/or anti-infection are highly preferred to efficiently promote diabetic wound repair and its development remains a challenge. In this study, we report hyaluronic acid and Pullulan-based injectable hydrogel loaded with curcumin...

Current study aimed to develop and evaluate interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) nanogels for transdermal delivery of ondansetron (OND) using combination of natural and synthetic polymers. Owing to their small size and biocompatible profile, nanogels have great potential as carriers for transdermal delivery that aids in penetration of drugs throu...

Different combinations of polymers, aspartic acid (ASP), alginic acid (AL), and monomer acrylic acid (AA) were crosslinked in the presence of an initiator ammonium peroxodisulfate (APS) and cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) to develop aspartic acid/alginic acid-co-poly(acrylic acid) (ASP/ALPAA) (semi-interpenetrating polymer netwo...

Purpose of the current research work was to synthesize gelatin based hydrogels for the controlled release of salbutamol sulphate. Free radical polymerization technique was used for the synthesis of hydrogels. Gelatin was cross-linked chemically with monomer methacrylic acid using methylene bisacrylamide as cross-linker while ammonium persulphate an...

The objective of the current study work was to fabricate sodium poly(styrene sulfonate-co-poly acrylic acid) (SPSPAA) hydrogels by using a free radical co-polymerization method for controlled delivery of ketorolac tromethamine (KT). Polymer (sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (SPS) polymerized with monomer acrylic acid (AA) in the presence of initiator...

Poor solubility is an ongoing issue and the graph of poorly soluble drugs has increased markedly which critically affect their dissolution, bioavailability, and clinical effects. This common issue needs to be addressed, for this purpose a series of polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000) based nanogels were developed by free radical polymerization technique...

Aims Aim of the study was to enhance the solubility of Chlorthalidone by developing beta-cyclodextrin cross-linked hydrophilic nanomatrices. Main methods Nine different formulations were fabricated by free radical polymerization technique. All formulations were characterized through different studies. FTIR spectroscopy of unloaded and loaded nanom...

The aim of the current study was to prepare pH-sensitive chondroitin sulfate -co-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels (CSPAA-hydrogels) for controlled release of diclofenac sodium. CSPAA-hydrogels were prepared by free radical polymerization technique where chondroitin sulfate (CS) was used as polymer; ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA) and acrylic a...

The aim of the current study was to fabricate naturally derived polymer based hydrogels for controlled release of diclofenac sodium (DS) for a long duration of time. In this research work, sodium alginate-co-poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulphonic acid) (SA-co-poly(AMPS)) hydrogels were prepared by the free radical polymerization technique, wh...

Piroxicam (PC) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug characterized by poor aqueous solubility and reported to cause and impart crucial GIT irritation, bleeding, peptic and duodenal ulcer. Engineering of PC loaded microcapsules and its surface modification using different polymers has become the popular approach to address the said issues. The p...

Wounds are often recalcitrant to traditional wound dressings and a bioactive and biodegradable wound dressing using hydrogel membranes can be a promising approach for wound healing applications. The present research aimed to design hydrogel membranes based on hyaluronic acid, pullulan and polyvinyl alcohol and loaded with chitosan based cefepime na...

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of chondroitin sulfate, acrylic acid and ammonium peroxodisulfate in formulation of a novel biodegradable and pH-sensitive hydrogel for targeted delivery of an anticancer drug oxaliplatin. The synthesized hydrogel was characterized by FTIR, thermal analysis and SEM. FTIR indicated efficient gra...

The aim of the current research work was to prepare Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels by the free-radical polymerization technique. Various concentrations of carbopol, acrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were employed for the fabrication of Car934-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermo...

Pectin-co-poly acrylic acid (Pec-co-poly (AA)) hydrogels are imperative and new type of chemically cross-linked hydrogels. A research was conducted to develop pH-sensitive, controlled release, and biocompatible hydrogels by free radical polymerization and scrutinize the suitability of Pec-co-poly (AA) hydrogels as drug carriers. Different formulati...

In current research study, novel chitosan-based hydrogel was formulated via crosslinking graft copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and chitosan. Potassium persulfate was used as free radical generator in the presence of crosslinker (methylene bis acrylamide (MBA)). FTIR spectroscopy was employed to elucidate structure of hydrogel. Moreover, sampl...

Curcumin has been reported to be used widely against many types of pathological conditions in clinics. However due to its limitations such as poor solubility, poor oral absorption and low stability has limited its applications. In current study, a series of novel chemically cross-linkable depot gel formulations were developed based on thermorespons...

This study was designed to enhance solubility of dexibuprofen, an NSAID drug used to treat moderate to severe pain, by fabricating first generation, carbonate type nanosponges of β-CD. Novel chain-growth polycondensation method was used for the first time for preparation of the β-CD nanosponges. The results exhibited 6.3-fold enhancement of dexibup...

Despite substantial progress made in the development of wound dressings, wound management remains a great challenge, which compels significant burden to the patient and healthcare system. Owing to its intricate pathophysiology particularly, wounds with bacterial burden impose substantial challenges to the conventional wound dressings, and hence, de...

Current study is focused to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug olanzapine (OLZ) by nanogels drug delivery system, as improved solubility is one of the most important applications of nanosystems. Poor solubility is a major issue, and 40% of marketed and about 75% of new active pharmaceutical ingredients are poorly water soluble which sign...

The purpose of present study is to load Metformin HCl into pH-sensitive hydrogels to have sustained release over a period of time. The hydrogel was synthesized from naturally occurring polysaccharide pectin and monomer acrylic acid (AA) using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker under controlled conditions for polymerization at 45...

Objectives In this communication we report an important findings, the effect of Al/Mg hydroxide antacid and food on the pharmacokinetics of dexibuprofen when administered concomitantly. Methods Subjects were divided into four groups, each containing 6 subjects, to evaluate the effect of antacid and food on pharmacokinetic of dexibuprofen. A new HPL...