Muhammad Maqbool

• University of Alabama at Birmingham

The reflection, transmission, and related Goos–Hänchen (GH) shifts of structured light are investigated by multi-wave mixing conditions in this paper. The terms absorption, dispersion, group index, and photon drag rotation of structured light are also studied by multi-wave mixing. The maximum values of group index of [Formula: see text] and rotary...

Recent advancements in single‐molecule methods have not only made it possible to obtain precise measurements for complex biological processes but also to produce simple mathematical models for intricate biochemical mechanisms, which would otherwise be speculative. These developments have strengthened our ability to respond through mathematical mode...

This study investigates the impact of an innovation of admission policy change initiated by one of the authors (Iftikhar Ahmad) in 2010 that allowed pre-medical students to enrol in the physics program. This policy not only significantly increased the declining enrolment but also attracted better students. The enrolment data from the University of...

Survivors of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) infections have a unique immune response that allows them to either delay reinfection or outsmarts the virus’s whims. The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and immunization have furthered this immune response by producing high-affinity anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. There is limited data on the extent to which thi...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

An Introduction to Non-Ionizing Radiation provides a comprehensive understanding of non-ionizing radiation (NIR), exploring its uses and potential risks. The information is presented in a simple and concise way to facilitate easy understanding of relevant concepts and applications. Chapters provide a summary and include relevant equations that expl...

A triple-band perfect metamaterial absorber was achieved in terahertz regime that is made of asymmetric metallic I-shaped resonator and metallic ground layer with dielectric spacer in the middle. The simulated results show that the absorption device has three resonance modes at frequencies 1.655 THz, 1.985 THz and 2.86 THz with corresponding absorp...

Background and Purpose An active lifestyle is important for health maintenance and disease prevention. This study was to examine what factors predict an active lifestyle in HIV+ and HIV- adults from the United States Deep South. Methods The sample included 279 participants (174 HIV+ and 105 HIV-) who completed a comprehensive assessment. An active...

Modern‐day society requires advanced technologies based on renewable and sustainable energy resources to face the challenges regarding environmental remediation. Solar‐inspired photocatalytic applications for water purification, hydrogen and oxygen evolution, carbon dioxide reduction, nitrogen fixation, and removal of bacterial species seem to be u...

This review article explains the fundamental idea, basic theories, desired properties, and material realizations of superconductors in a pedagogical manner. Organic superconductors, Metallic superconductors, magnetic su-perconductors, oxides without copper, heavy fermions, pyrochlore oxides, ruthenocuprates, rare-earth bor-ocarbides, high-temperatu...

Low dimensional materials are promising candidates for the construction of electronic and optoelectronic devices owing to their novel electronic structure and exciting physiochemical properties. The combination of various nanomaterials with different dimensionalities develops mixed dimensional heterostructures (MDHs) that exhibit tremendous potenti...

Solid‐state thermoelectric (TE) devices are known for converting solar energy and waste heat into electricity, which provides a substitute path for energy production and utilization to commence the challenges of energy sustainability. To develop TE devices, it is important to identify thermoelectrically active materials with the potential convertin...

Sensors play a significant role in modern technologies and devices used in industries, hospitals, healthcare, nanotechnology, astronomy, and meteorology. Sensors based upon nanostructured materials have gained special attention due to their high sensitivity, precision accuracy, and feasibility. This review discusses the fabrication of graphene-base...

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are specialized lymphocytes that can detect and kill cancerous cells. Their detection poses many challenges due to significant morphological variations, overlapping occurrence, artifact regions and high-class resemblance between clustered areas and artifacts. In this regard, a Lymphocyte Analysis Framework based on De...

Production and management of clean energy in a sustainable manner is a global need. Several methods of energy production have been explored but some of them are accompanied with environmental hazards and toxic materials. One of those several means of sustainable energy production is a perovskite solar cell. Perovskite solar cells have received inte...

Objective To evaluate the low melting-point MCP-69, MCP-96, MCP-137, and MCP-200 alloys, and characterize them for their potential to protect from the harms associated with radiation and eliminate radiation hazards during radiological procedures and treatment of cancer. Methods The Klein-Nishina formula was used to calculate the electronic and ato...

Six band metamaterial perfect absorber at the terahertz region is made and designed of two rectangular bars and a metallic board separated by a dielectric spacer. The simulated results show that the absorber has six distinctive absorption modes at frequencies 1.80 THz, 3.35 THz, 4.5 THz, 5.25 THz, 5.95 THz, and 6.1 THz with absorption rates of 97%,...

The overwhelming potential of porous coordination polymers (PCP), also known as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), especially their nanostructures for various biomedical applications, have made these materials worth investigating for more applications and uses. MOFs unique structure has enabled them for most applications, particularly in biomedical a...

Scintillation detectors are commonly used for detecting radiation in various situations. NaI:Tl, CsI:Tl, BaF2 and CaF2:Eu are a few compounds that act as scintillation crystals for these detectors. The efficiency of a scintillation detector is one of the most important factors in improving the detector’s performance. The present work shows that the...

Thin films of aluminum nitride (AlN) doped with gadolinium (Gd) were grown on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates, in pure nitrogen (N) atmosphere using reactive magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature. The as-grown thin films were irradiated by protons carrying 335 keV energy with a fluence of 1×1014ions/cm2. Rutherford backscattering spec...

Erbium (Er)-doped Aluminum Nitride (AlN) thin films were deposited and fabricated on Si (100) and Si (111) substrates in a Nitrogen atmosphere using the plasma magnetron sputtering technique. The deposited and fabricated thin films were thermally annealed at 900 °C in Argon (Ar) atmosphere. The samples were irradiated with protons at a dose of 1 ×...

Nanotechnology is one of the emerging fields of the 21st Century. Many new devices and patentable technology is based on nanomaterials (NMs). One of the dominant factors in the use of nanomaterials and their applications in various fields is the synthesis and growth mechanism of nanostructures and nanomaterials. A nanostructured material may have b...

Simple Summary Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) influence its environment by donating or accepting electrons readily. We investigated nanoceria’s ability to modify the health of treatment-resistant breast cancer cell type, with various doses of potentially damaging radiation. We used electron microscopy to determine the presence and location...

As the world is racing to develop perpetual immunity to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The emergence of new viral strains, together with vaccination and reinfections, are all contributing to a long-term immunity against the deadly virus that has taken over the world since its introduction to humans in late December 2019. The discovery that more than 95 perc...

Self-organized and vertically oriented TiO 2 nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesized via anodization of Ti sheet in a glycerol-based used electrolyte. Graphite (Gt) is doped in TNTs by physical vapor deposition (PVD) under Ar-atmosphere at 700 °C using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a precursor. The samples were characterized using FESEM, HRTEM, XRD, Raman,...

In the present work, cobalt-chromite-based pigment Co1-xNixCr2O4 chromate powder and nanoparticles with various transition metal concentrations (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) were manufactured by applying aqueous synthesis approaches and sol–gel synthesis routes. XRD analysis of the powder shows that all samples formulated by the sol–gel method were...

Industrial waste is the primary source of highly toxic organic pollutants and heavy metal contaminants. Treatment of such effluence is necessary to mitigate environmental pollution to provide a clean ecosystem for living species. Various approaches have been effectively utilized for the removal of industrial waste particularly, photocatalysis being...

A host of innovative developments in technology have led by 2D materials owing to their remarkable electronic and physical properties which opens doors for advanced research areas and horizons of material science. Among these materials, transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) e.g., MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, are reflected as promising candidate...

A host of innovative developments in technology have led by 2D materials owing to their remarkable electronic and physical properties which opens doors for advanced research areas and horizons of material science. Among these materials, transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) e.g., MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, and WSe2, are reflected as promising candidate...

The present work reports the effect of various surfactants on the morphology of In(OH)3 nanostructures prepared via anodization. In-sheets were anodized in an environmentally benign electrolyte containing a small quantity of CTAB, CTAC, and PDDA surfactants at room temperature. The produced nanostructures were characterized using XRD, HRTEM, SAED,...

CoCr2O4 and doped lithium Co1-xLixCr2O4 chromate powder and nanoparticles were prepared by modified by sol-gel method. The morphological and structural properties of nano chromates were investigated by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and Photoluminescence (PL). Nanoparticles of doped lithium were synt...

Er doped Aluminum Nitride (AlN) thin films were prepared using magnetron sputtering technique in a Nitrogen (N) atmosphere on a Silicon substrate. The samples were annealed at a temperature of 900 ⁰ C. The fabricated specimen was irradiated with proton dose of 1×10 ¹⁴ ions/cm ² with incident energy of 335 keV using ions accelerators. The relative c...

Yttrium (Y) doped aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films are prepared using reactive magnetron sputtering method in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. Thermal annealing at a temperature of 900 • C is performed after the deposition for the homogeneity and removal of porosity in the films. The prepared samples are irradiated at a proton fluence of...

Linear attenuation coefficient of materials plays an important role in shielding and protection from radiation. It has been observed that higher the density of a material, higher is its linear attenuation coefficient. Thus, to make a material more suitable for shielding from hazards of radiation, one should increase its linear attenuation coefficie...

The purpose of the present work is to use Klein-Nishina formula to calculate the electronic cross-sections, atomic cross-section, transfer cross-sections, Compton mass attenuation coefficients and mass-energy transfer cross section of 83Bi²⁰⁹, 74W¹⁸⁴, 48Cd¹¹², 30Zn⁶⁵, 28Ni⁵⁹ and 26Fe⁵⁶ when photon beams and γ-ray photons of various energies interac...

Textile industry represents a pollution problem worldwide due to the accidental discharge or dumping of polluted wastewater into the waterways, which is having a major influence on the quality of water resources. Around 17 to 20% of industrial water pollution arises from textile dyeing and treatment according to the World Bank report. This represen...

Chlorophenols are very important environmental pollutants, which have created huge problems for both aquatic and terrestrial lives. Therefore, their removal needs urgent, effective, and advanced technologies to safeguard our environment for future generation. This review encompasses a comprehensive study of the applications of chlorophenols, their...

A thin layer of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) sputtered on cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs) decorated anodic titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) (Au/CdS QDs/TNTs) was fabricated and explored for the nonenzymatic detection of cholesterol and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Morphological studies of the sensor revealed the formation of uniform nanotubes d...

Sputter deposited thin film amorphous AlN:Pr ͑1 at. % ͒ emits in the blue-green ͑490-530 nm͒ and red ͑ϳ650 nm͒ regions of the visible spectrum under electron excitation. The addition of Gd 1 at. % in the film enhances the blue emission by an order of magnitude. The enhancement in the blue region is a result of cathodoluminescence from Gd 3+ at 313...

L-Cyteine is a form of Amino Acid found in human body. Retaining the exact quantity of L-Cyteine is important for better functioning of the body. A novel hybrid TiO2 nanostructure (H-TNTs) was prepared on both sides of Ti sheet using the first-step anodization in used (residual) ethylene glycol (EG) based electrolyte. The H-TNTs was explored as an...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

The purpose of the present work is to use Klein-Nishina formula to calculate the electronic cross-sections, atomic cross-section, transfer cross-sections, Compton mass attenuation coefficients and mass-energy transfer cross section of 83 Bi 209 , 74 W 184 , 48 Cd 112 , 30 Zn 65 , 28 Ni 59 and 26 Fe 56 when photon beams and γ-ray photons of various...

Thulium (Tm) doped aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films are deposited by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering in a pure nitrogen atmosphere. As-deposited thin films are irradiated at room temperature with 335 keV protons and a fluence of 1×10¹⁴ ions/cm². The effects of irradiation on the structural and optical properties of the deposited thin fil...

We report a non-enzymatic facile method for the detection of L-cysteine (L-Cyst) using free-standing TiO2 nanotube (TNT) array-modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs). Self-organized, highly ordered, and vertically oriented TNT arrays were fabricated by anodization of titanium sheets in ethylene glycol-based electrolyte. Detailed electrochemical m...

Characterizing various materials for radiation shielding and dose calculation is very important. The purpose of the present work is to use Klein-Nishina formula to calculate the electronic cross-sections, atomic cross-section, transfer cross-sections, Compton mass attenuation coefficients and mass-energy transfer cross sections of 82Pb208, 29Cu64,...

Perovskites CsSnX3 (X = Cl, Br and I) are promising for photovoltaic cells and other energy store devices, having high stability and less toxicity (lead free). The present work explored the structural, electronic and optical properties of these perovskites in different phases using generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and modified Becke-Johnson...

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metals is known to improve the efficiency of various processes and devices. The photocatalytic process is the production of fuels and storage of solar photons in chemical bonds without imposing harmful threats to the environment. Photovoltaics are other devices utilizing solar energy for electrical energ...

We present a comparative study of the toxicity of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and nanospheres. Nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method while nanospheres were prepared by solvothermal technique. The surface of nanomaterials was successfully modified with polyethylene glycol. To investigate the morphology...

In Figure 3 (a) the axis title as well as units are inadvertently mentioned as “Wavenumber (cm−1)”, which should be read as “Wavelength (nm)”. In the same Figure, the peak labels are mistakenly mentioned with units of “cm−1” instead of “nm”.

M2CX2 (M = Mo,W; X = O,F) MXenes and their van der Waals heterostructures are investigated by first-principle calculations. Phonon spectrum has shown that Mo2CO2/W2CO2 and Mo2CF2/W2CO2 heterostructures and corresponding monolayers are dynamically stable. W2CO2 exhibits the properties of topological insulator and Mo2CO2 is narrow band gap semiconduc...

The antibacterial effect of ZnO nanoparticles is tested against Staphylococcus aureus, (a Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium) from a particle-size, concentration, and surface-defects point of view. Activation of antibacterial activity was achieved by standard well diffusion agar and minimum inhibitory concentration procedures. Our results show that...

The present work reports the field emission (FE) properties of well-aligned TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) grown on Ti wire. Vertically-oriented, and highly-ordered TNTs with high aspect ratio are synthesized on Ti wire by electrochemical anodization in ethylene glycol (EG) electrolyte containing a small amount of ammonium fluoride (NH4F) and de-ionized (DI...

In this work, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures have been grown from electrodeposited Zn thin film followed by hydrothermal oxidation. The Zn layer was grown on copper (Cu) substrate at room temperature and then oxidized hydrothermally at 95 °C for different time duration. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns depicted that Zn thin film transformation to...

In this work, CoFe2O4nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) were successfully synthesized via a hydrothermal technique. Morphological studies of the samples confirmed the formation of polycrystalline pure-phase PEG-CoFe2O4nanoparticles with sizes of about 24 nm. Toxicity induced by CoFe2O4nanoparticles was investigated, and biological...

Thin films of AlN:Tm are deposited on a Si(111) and Si(100) substrates and optical fiber by rf mag-netron sputtering method. 200-400 nm thick films are deposited at various temperatures to observe the effect of temperature on their structure and morphology. Liquid nitrogen is used to deposit films at low temperature of-196°C. An electric heater is...

Stacked monolayers in the form of van der Waals heterostructure is a useful strategy of band gap engineering and dynamics of excitons for potential nano-electronic devices. Using first-principles calculations, the favourable stacking and stability of novel SiC-MX2 (M= Mo, W and X=S, Se) van der Waals heterostructures are explored by binding energy...

Based on (hybrid) rst-principles calculations, materials properties (structural, electronic, vibrational, optical, and photocatalytic) of the van der Waals heterostructures and their corresponding monolayers (transition metal dichalcogenides and MXenes) are investigated. MoSe2/Zr2CO2 and WSe2/Zr2CO2 heterostructures are found to be indirect band ga...

Klein-Nishina scattering cross-sections, Compton scattering, mass attenuation and energy transfer cross-sections, linear attenuation coefficient and buildup factor of paraffin wax are calculated using 0.662 MeV, 0.835 MeV, 1.17 MeV and 1.33 MeV γ-rays. The mentioned γ-rays were obtained from Cs137, Mn54 and Co60 radioisotopes. Gamma rays obtained f...

Nuclear medicine physics is a subspecialty of medical physics. Nuclear medicine practice includes diagnostic procedures of imaging and non-imaging and radionuclide therapy protocols primarily for cancer treatment. Nuclear medicine physics is to apply physics principles and technology to support clinical nuclear medicine. Nuclear medicine is a branc...

The ability of each tissue of the human body to X-rays is different than other tissues. Quantitatively, the absorption of X-rays varies from tissue to tissue. These characteristic properties of tissues can be exploited for some useful applications. Computed tomography or CT is one of those important applications that work on the principle of X-ray...

Directly and indirectly ionizing radiations deposit their energy in a medium while passing through it. Radiation dosimetry is a procedure that deals with the methods for quantitative determination of that deposited energy. To be more specific, quantitative determination of energy absorbed in a given medium by directly or indirectly ionizing radiati...

Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation either emitted from a nucleus or an annihilation reaction between matter and antimatter. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation emitted by charged particles (usually electrons) in changing atomic energy levels or in slowing down in a Coulomb force field. X-rays and gamma rays have identical properties, only di...

Organic-Inorganic perovskites CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) are investigated for their potential ability and use as solar cells and energy storage materials, using density function theory, generalized gradient approximation and modified Becke-Johnson (TB-mBJ) exchange potential. Structural analysis shows that the lattice constant and unit cell volume vari...

Inspired by the ongoing development of multifunctional and hybrid nanomaterials for spintronics application, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of FeSn co-doped In2O3 nanoparticles have been studied. Effects of Sn as a tetravalent impurity in In1.96−xFe0.04Snx O nanoparticles on the room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) are investi...

The correct band gaps of semiconductors are highly desirable for their effective use in optoelectronic and other photonic devices. However, the experimental and theoretical results of the exact band gaps are quite challenging and sometimes tricky. In this article, we explore the electronic band structures of the highly desirable optical materials,...

Understanding and controlling structural properties of the materials are crucial in materials research. In this paper, we report that crystallinity and crystallographic orientation of Pd nanowires can be tailored by varying the fabrication conditions during electrochemical deposition in polycarbonate ion-track templates. By changing the deposition...

Thin films of amorphous AlN:W are deposited on Si(111) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering at liquid nitrogen temperature. The deposited films are characterized for their luminescence properties using cathodoluminescence. A very broad luminescence from tungsten is observed with a relatively more intense peak at 491 nm and less intense at 429 nm....

Nickel nanowires (NWs) of 98 nm diameter and 17 micron length were fabricated by electrodeposition in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. Structural analyses reveal that the NWs have face centered cubic (fcc) structure with preferred orientation along (111) plane. Low temperature magnetic measurements (10–300 K) show that coercivity (H c) of nan...

Thin films of AlN doped with Titanium are deposited on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates and optical fibers at liquid nitrogen temperature by rf-magnetron sputtering. Thickness of the films is 400 nm on both silicon substrates and optical fibers. X-ray diffraction studies show that films deposited on both Si(100) and Si(111) substrate are amorphous, a...

In this paper we communicate the thermoelectric properties of carbon and nitrogen based metallic antiperovskites ANCa3 (A=Ge, Sn, Pb), BCFe3 (B=Al, Zn, Ga) and SnCD3 (D=Co and Fe) using the ab-initio calculations to explore efficient metallic thermoelectric materials. The consistency of the calculated results of SnCCo3 and SnCFe3 with the experimen...

HoMnO3 and its La and Y doped compounds Ho0.67La0.33MnO3 and Ho0.67Y 0.33MnO3 are investigated for their structural and thermoelectric transport properties. Small bandgaps of these compounds, as investigated by first principles calculations, make them suitable for application in thermoelectric devices. It is found that the bandgap of pure HoMnO3 in...

Thermoelectric properties of two antiperovskites SbNCa3 and BiNCa3 are calculated using first principles calculations. High values of Seebeck coefficients are observed for these materials. Electrical and thermal conductivities are also calculated. Increase in thermal conductivity and decrease in electrical conductivity are found with increasing tem...

HoMnO3 and its La and Y doped compounds Ho0.67La0.33MnO3 and Ho0.67Y 0.33MnO3 are investigated for their structural and thermoelectric transport properties. Small bandgaps of these compounds, as investigated by first principles calculations, make them suitable for application in thermoelectric devices. It is found that the bandgap of pure HoMnO3 in...