Muhammad Yousaf Malik

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at King Khalid University

This current work highlights the impact of variable density of hydrosphere and atmosphere on climate change by introducing thermal jump effects in atmosphere region. For this purpose, a mathematical model is developed in two regions, the atmosphere region and the hydrosphere region in terms of a spherical coordinate system. In this natural phenomen...

Casson fluids have been widely used in engineering and biotechnology including, energy systems, polymer fluids, pharmaceuticals, chocolate, automotive industries, blood, and honey. In view of such useful applications, the current study examines the thermal properties of a steady Casson fluid flow squeezing within a permeable cone-disk object depend...

This study examines the generalized Couette flow of couple stress fluid within the geometry of a helical screw rheometer (HSR). The geometry of the HSR is simplified by modeling the screw as an exposed rectangular channel and flattening the barrel surface. The screw and barrel are maintained at constant temperatures, and , respectively. The viscosi...

In engineering and industrial processes, hybrid nanofluids, an advanced form of nanofluid, are used to improve thermal efficiency. Hybrid nanofluids have various uses in refrigeration, tumor treatments, power stations, cooling systems, food processing, biomedical devices, and solar thermal systems. Thus, the major purpose of this article is to exam...

Convective heat transport in permeable media has been widely modeled using the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) model. The majority of earlier LTNE-based models take temperature interactions between the fluid and solid phases into consideration. The present investigation delves into the intricate dynamics of Darcy–Rayleigh–Bènard (DRB) convecti...

This article studies the impact of multi-nanoparticles on the entropy generation where heat transfer in Oldroyd-B fluid is subjected to Joule heating and heat generation. \({{\text{C}}}_{2}{{\text{H}}}_{6}{{\text{O}}}_{2}\) is assumed to obey the constitutive behavior in the context of the Oldroyd-B model. Three types of nanoparticles (\({{\text{Al...

A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords: Entropy generation Nanofluid Triangular waved corrugations MHD Brinkmann-forchheimer model Finite element method A B S T R A C T Enclosure with irregular boundaries by providing surface corrugations is considered an efficient strategy to elevate the heat transfer mechanism in laser technology, cooling of electronic i...

This computational study looks at the dynamics of free convection in a differentially heated square chamber occupied by ionized propane and saturated permeable partition. The modified Navier–Stokes equations and temperature equations are used to describe fluid and porous domain flow and heat transport phenomena. To solve these equations, the Galerk...

Soliton also known as solitary waves have found utility in medical imaging, specifically in the study of brain waves and neuronal activity. The potential applications of solitons span communication systems, where solitons can maintain their shape over long distances without dispersion where they model waves that propagate without changing form. Her...

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of nonlinear thermal radiation on the heat and mass transfer characteristics of a Brinkmann-type hybrid nanofluid flowing through a porous, infinite plate at a constant suction/injection rate while considering the influence of a transverse magnetic field. This study contributes to th...

Thermophoresis and Brownian motion simultaneously occur in numerous industrial processes and have significance from an engineering point of view. The modeling of such processes provides mathematical models. The solutions of these models are used to investigate the dynamics of thermophoresis and Brownian motion in the fluid subjected to Ohmic and vi...

Keeping in view the applications of the hybrid nanofluids in the engineering and industries such as heating and cooling, food processing and heat generation, the focus of this investigation is to explore the effect of mixture base hybrid nanofluid with bio convection effect over linearly convectively heated stretched surface due to the motile micro...

Since previous few decays the consideration of non-Newtonian liquids motion due to its immense usages in medicine, biology, industrial procedures, chemistry of catalysts and in environment. Various studies examine the significance of bio-materials flow in physiological procedures to explore the cure of diagnosed symptoms of disease appearing during...

In nanofluids, the effect of convection in the presence of double diffusivity on a magneto couple stress fluid with the peristaltic flow of a model in a non-uniform channel (MCSFM) is reviewed in this article. This research discusses MCSF in a non-uniform channel by applying the Levenberg–Marquardt procedure via an artificial backpropagated neural...

Investigation on hybrid nanofluids has increased significantly, and findings indicate that these fluids are effective heat transfer fluids for industrial applications. The thermal conductivity of nanoparticles, particle volume fractions, and mass flow rates play a major role in the enhancement of heat transfer of nanofluids. The enhancement in ther...

In this work, the heat transfer analysis is carried out with titanium oxide TiO2 and aggregation nanoparticles between two rotating disks. Further, the relaxation time, heat sources (temperature and space-dependent heat source) are presented. The flow phenomena is modeled through coupled partial differential equation (PDE). We transformed these PDE...

The remarkable thermophysical characteristics of hybrid nanofluids reveal the considerable potential in a wide range of heat transfer applications. In comparison to conventional nanofluids, their capacity to enhance heat transport is impressive. The current study represents the novel characteristics of hybrid nanomaterials such as Silicon dioxide (...

Theory of Eringen for polymer fluid, called micropolar fluid, has revealed that if micro-solid structures or nano-sized solid bodies are immersed in polymers, then vortex and spin gradient effects become significant and the flow of such polymers cannot be modeled by the usual Newtonian rheological model or non-Newtonian model which do not capture v...

Researchers dedicated their efforts to enhance the efficiency of industrial fluids as well as industrial machinery. Such efficiencies are greatly depended on the heat transfer progress. The main concern is how to enhance the heating/cooling phenomenon which are more suitable, environmental friendly and economically beneficiary. In the present analy...

Ethylene glycol with nanoparticles behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid and its rheology can be best described by the power-law rheological model. Further, hybrid nanoparticles are responsible for anti-oxidation, anti-evaporation, and anti-aging. Therefore, their dispersion in ethylene glycol is considered as these properties make the nanofluid stable....

Heat conduction and solute diffusion in fluid have been used for modeling of simultaneous heat and mass transportation in non-Newtonian fluid obeying the power-law rheological constitutive model. For thermal and mass transport enhancement, nanoparticles (Cu and Al2O3 ) are dispersed in a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (EG). Mathematical model...

The currant study focuses on the characteristics of melting heat phenomenon in the Powell-Eyring fluid flow deformed by the linearly stretchable sheet in the vicinity of stagnation point. Quadratic thermal stratification, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and Joule heating are implemented to disclose the heat transport properties. Magnetic fie...

Recently, researchers are very possessive to examine the treatment of diseases caused due to the deficiency of magnesium. The deficiency of magnesium in blood caused Hypomagnesaemia, which is further stimulus for various diseases such as vomiting, sleepiness, nausea, loss of appetite etc. In order to cover such deficiency, magnesium is injected in...

This paper explores the impact of MHD and viscous dissipation with joule heating on convective stretching flow of dusty tangent hyperbolic fluid over a sheet in 3D. A time-dependent magnetic field is applied along the z-axis and the sheet being stretched along the xy-plane. The fluid and dust particles motions are coupled only through drag and heat...

This paper explores the impact of MHD and viscous dissipation with joule heating on convective stretching flow of dusty tangent hyperbolic fluid over a sheet in 3D. A time-dependent magnetic field is applied along the z-axis and the sheet being stretched along the xy-plane. The fluid and dust particles motions are coupled only through drag and heat...

The simulations have been performed for the nonlinear radiative flow of Prandtl nanofluid following the peristaltic pumping in a wavy channel. The applications of entropy generation for the electrokinetic pumping phenomenon are also focused as a novelty. The complex wavy channel induced the flow of Prandtl nanofluid. Moreover, the formulated proble...

The peristaltic phenomenon has intended the researcher’s attention due to its extensive applications in bio-mechanics, industries and biological sciences. The applications of peristaltic transport problems are observed in the transportation of cilia, food mixing in digestive tract, small blood vessels vasomtion, urine transportation etc. Following...

This article discussed the magneto-hydrodynamic Darcy–Forchheimer second-order velocity slip flow model (DFSO-VSFM) through employing the scheme of Levenberg–Marquardt with the procedure of backpropagation in neural networks (SLM-BNNs). Titanium dioxide and graphene oxide are the nanomaterials, where the base liquid is water. The governing PDEs are...

The nanofluids have a vital role in many industries due to enhanced thermal efficiencies. The most practical applications referred to the nanomaterials are observed in heating and cooling systems, electronic chip, energy systems, extrusion processes, nuclear reactions, chemical processes, biofuels and many engineering devices. This research communi...

This study aims to investigate the entropy generation of fully developed nanofluid flow in a spongy medium between two fixed absorbent vertical plates with a transpiration cooling mechanism. For heat transfer analysis exponential space-dependent heat source and thermal dependent heat source along with linear radiation are employed. Three distinct s...

The thermal onset of nanoparticles is quite impressive and dynamical and subsequently report significance in the thermal systems, heat transfer enhancement, engineering processes, cooling phenomenon, heating devices etc. Following such motivations in mind, current exploration reports the thermal impact of magnetized Maxwell nanofluid with mixed con...

It always remains a thought-provoking task for the investigators to narrate the liquid stream interaction with corrugated confined media. Therefore the present article is one of the notable attempts in this direction to offer an optimized value of liquid stream drag/lift forces experienced by various arrangements of regular obstructions in the corr...

In this article, we model the current and voltage across the weak link between two superconductors. This gives us a nonhomogeneous, nonlinear parametric-driven sine-Gordon equation with phase shifts. This model equation cannot be solved directly but can be approximated. For the approximations, we use two methods, and analytic perturbation method an...

In present research manuscript, analysis is presented for the influences of heat transition in a bodewadt flow over a penetrable disk numerically. Estimation parameters in current mathematical flow model include magnetic field parameter (0.1≤M≤1.2), wall suction (1.7≤A≤6.7), prandtl number (0.2≤Pr≤5.0), heat generation/absorption (-0.9≤Q≤3.6), ecke...

This article is a study of heat and mass transport in Maxwell fluid mixed with tri, hybrid and mono nanoparticles. Using conservation laws and correlations among thermophysical characteristics of the base fluid, tri, hybrid and mono nanoparticles, the flow situation is converted into mathematical problems. Boundary layer (BL) approximations are use...

The hybrid nanofluid flow past a permeable curved surface with nonlinear stretching is considered in this analysis. Here two kinds of particles considered to examine the flow field over the exponentially curved surface with a porous medium. The mathematical model underflow assumptions are developed by using the Navier-Stokes equations. The mathemat...

In this research work heat transfer performance in stratified flow of hybrid nanoliquid over permeable stretched cylinder is investigated. Heat transfer in hybrid base fluid ethylene glycolwater (C2H6O2-H2O) is investigated taking nanoparticles copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) with uniform (50%, 50%) immersion. Momentum relation is obtained in view...

Mixed convective flow of fourth grade (Non-Newtonian) fluid model by a Riga stretchable plate is addressed. The aim of the current research work is therefore to explain the role of the fourth grade (Non-Newtonian) fluid model in the field of fluid dynamics. Energy and concentration equations are modeled subject to both Fourier's law of heat conduct...

Exploration and exploitation of intelligent computing infrastructures are becoming of great interest for the research community to investigate different fields of science and engineering offering new improved versions of problem-solving soft computing-based methodologies. The current investigation presents a novel artificial neural network-based so...

This fractional model addresses the analytical simulations for the hybrid nanofluid problem with different nanoparticles with consideration of blood base fluid. The thermal increment of the hybrid nanofluid model is inspected with consideration of aluminum oxide (Formula presented.), titanium oxide (Formula presented.), and copper (Formula presente...

2022): Numerical study of heat transfer mechanism in the flow of ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid over a stretching cylinder, Waves in Random and Complex Media, ABSTRACT In electrical and engineering equipment, heat transfer analysis is critical. Scientists and engineers examined many models in this approach for this intent. The use of various solid...

The electro-osmatic flow of non-newtonian fluid in a micro-channel is investigated in this article. The governing equations are derived with the help of a stress tensor then later transformed into dimensionless form with non-dimensional quantities. The perturbation method is used to obtain the approximate analytical solution of the given problem. T...

Two-phase chemical reactions (homogeneous-heterogeneous) in tangent hyperbolic fluid with nanoparticles subjected to heat transfer are modeled using mathematical laws and models. The solutions of governing models are derived by the finite element method (FEM). The solutions are checked to be grid-independent and convergent solutions are obtained wh...

Motile gyrotactic organism activity in micropolar fluid subjected to simultaneous heat and mass transfer in the presence of thermal diffusion and diffusion thermo effects is modeled. The base fluid is taken as kerosene oil. The immersion of nano-sized particles of Cu−TiO2 kerosene oil makes its rheological characteristics of micropolar fluid becaus...

In this paper, the main focus of this research is to represent an intelligent computing model through an artificial backpropagated Levenberg-Marquardt neural network (ABP-LMNN) for entropy optimized magnetohydrodynamic fully developed nanofluid flow with slip and activation energy effects. In mathematical modeling, dimensionless non-linear ODEs rep...

Flow of rheological fluids often obeys stagnation flow dynamics in a number of modern-day manufacturing processes. Such flows not only invoke radiative heat transfer under high temperature but also exhibit considerable viscosity variation with temperature. Motivated by such fascinating facts, the present study is an effort to explore steady, two-di...

Background and objective Entropy generation is a novel prospective in many thermodynamic processes and presents dynamic applications in heat polymer processing optimization. The significance of entropy generation is observed in heat exchangers, combustion, thermal systems, nuclear reactions, turbine systems, porous media and many others. In view of...

Nanofluids have higher motivation to develop innovative thermal transport, and significant attempts have been made in this area during the last decades. Currently various researchers have concentrated their effort on the study of nanofluidy. Nanomaterials’ innovative behaviors make them significant in various applications such as hybrid-power engin...

The maximum heat conduction difficulty has been recently termed and scrutinized using Fourier’s law. It is acknowledged that this established diffusion theory may collapse when one is absorbed in the transient problems in a minimal period, extraordinary flux, or for precise low temperatures. In this article, a mechanism of heat flux model with a mi...

Following enhanced thermal applications of hybrid nanofluids compared to traditional nanomaterials, scientists have focused attention on the improvement in thermal resources and energy systems. This research presents the Darcy-Forchheimer flow of hybrid nanofluid consisting of copper and silver nanoparticles with dust particles. The thermal model i...

Lie symmetry procedure enables reduction of the dependent and/or independent variables of the differential equations through similarity transformations, if they admit a Lie point symmetry algebra. A 7-dimensional Lie point symmetry algebra for the fluid flow and heat transfer in a thin liquid film due to an unsteady stretching sheet has been obtain...

The current investigation scrutinizes non-Fourier heat conduction law to describe transient temperature variation through a convective-radiative wetted semi-spherical fin with internal heating. The fin is fully wetted with a hybrid nanofluid containing MnZnFe2O4−NiZnFe2O4 nanoparticles and water or methanol (methyl alcohol (MA)) as base liquids. Di...

This article models the diffusion process of heat and mass transfer in synovial fluid (SF) which is viscous non-Newtonian and is present in the articular cartilage of the synovial joint. The viscosity of SF is a function of the concentration of hyaluronan (HA) and shear rate. The physicochemical properties of HA and the use of antioxidants is the m...

The present study examines the impact of unsteady viscous flow in a squeezing channel. Silver–gold hybrid nanofluid particles with different shapes are inserted in the base fluid engine oil. Flow and heat transfer mechanism is detected in the presence of magnetohydrodynamics between the two parallel infinite plates. The thermal conductivity models,...

This study explores Artificial Neural Network with Back Propagated Levenberg Marquardt (ANN-BPLM) for entropy generation in magnetohydrodynamic third-grade nanofluid flow model (MHD-TGNFM) with chemical reaction and heat sink/source effect. The nonlinear ODE system for MHD-TGNFM is obtained after simplifying the presented mathematical model in PDEs...

The nanomaterials are the most effective thermal approach which reflects many applications in the sectors of nanotechnology, engineering and industries. This theoretical investigation presents thermal effectives of micropolar nanomaterials in presence of variable thermal features and activation energy. The micropolar nanofluid containing microorgan...

The nanomaterials are the most effective thermal approach which reflects many applications in the sectors of nanotechnology, engineering and industries. This theoretical investigation presents thermal effectives of micropolar nanomaterials in presence of variable thermal features and activation energy. The micropolar nanofluid containing microorgan...

The thermal aspect of nanofluid is significantly improved the heat and mass transportation phenomenon which complies importance in various engineering and industrial processes. The peristaltic transport of nanofluid is also important research area with applications of bioengineering and biotechnology. This research presents the thermal aspect of Je...

Novel models for heat flux with laws of linear and angular momenta and convection-diffusion equation for heat are used for the formulation of system of problems associated with the flow of polymer (micropolar fluid) over a cylindrical heated body elongating in a radial direction with non-uniform velocity. Spin gradient and vortex effects with coupl...

The heat transfer with double sampling of stratification in magnetized non-Newtonian fluid flow towards inclined stretched surfaces is debated in the presence of first order chemical reaction, stagnation point, thermal radiations, and heat absorption/generation effects. The simultaneous existence of fluid over inclined surfaces results in coupled n...

In this work we considered bi-domain partial differential equations (PDEs) with two coupling interface conditions. The one domain is corresponding to the ocean and the second is to the atmosphere. The two coupling conditions are used to linked the interaction between these two regions. As we know that almost every engineering problem modeled via PD...

In this paper, we focus to design intelligence numerical computing through artificial neural networks (ANNs) which are backpropagated with Levenberg–Marquard technique (NN-BLMT) for the theoretical approach of physical aspects of heat generation in second-grade fluid (PA-HG-SGF) due to Riga plate. The Riga plate (RP) is known as the physical intera...

Nanofluids have several industrial and technological applications such as space technology, cooling systems, chemical production, information technology, nuclear reactors, food safety, transportation, and medical applications like chemotherapy, destroying of injured tissues, pharmacological processes, artificial lungs, diagnosis of several diseases...

The present analysis describes temperature variation through an inclined porous longitudinal fin due to convective and radiative heat transfer. The Rosseland approximation is considered for the radiation heat exchange. Using non-dimensional terms, the governing equation is reduced to its dimensionless form. To solve the nonlinear ordinary different...

This article presents the numerical scrutiny of the non-similar model of mixed convective flow of nanofluid initiated by an exponentially expanding sheet. Equations are modeled and transformed into non-dimensional partial differential system (PDE's) by defining dimensionless [Formula: see text] as non-similarity variable, and [Formula: see text] as...

To encourage the consumption of crumb rubber (CR), gene expression programming (GEP) has been exercised in this paper to establish empirical models for estimation of mechanical properties of concrete made with NaOH treated CR. An extensive and reliable database of compressive strength of concrete made with NaOH treated CR is established through a c...

The present study analyzes the partially ionized three-dimensional Casson nanoliquid flow over a porous stretched bi-directional surface with C–C heat flux. The heat transfer analysis is conducted in the presence of homogeneous–heterogeneous with surface catalyze reaction. The existence of a surface catalyzed reaction triggers the chemical reaction...

In current study, analysis is presented for peristaltic motion of applied magnetic field and entropy generation within couple stress (Cu/H 2 O) nanofluid through an endoscope. An endoscope contains two coaxial cylindrical tubes in which the internal tube is nonflexible while the external tube has sinusoidal wave passing through the boundary. Influe...

With improved characteristics and thermal stability, the nanoparticles show a significant interest in many engineering and industrial processes. The applications of nanomaterials include applications in solar energy systems, chemical reactors, heating and cooling processes and many bio-medical applications. With such motivations, this investigation...

Entropy minimization is an innovative approach in several thermal processes and having dynamical applications in thermal polymer processing. The importance of entropy is perceived in, combustion, porous media turbine systems, heat exchangers, thermal systems, cooling system, and nuclear reactions, etc. In view of such thermal applications, the prim...

Owing to the magnified thermal practices, the nanoparticles pronounced novel applications in many engineering processes and industrial systems such as thermal devices, electronic cooling systems, microprocessors, radiators, micro-electromechanical system, and heat exchangers. The prime motivation for performing this investigation is to pronounce th...

The current article highlights the non-Newtonian Williamson nanofluid with electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow over a nonlinear expanding sheet. Thermal and solutal stratification effects are considered due to the higher temperature difference and the impact of variable viscosity along with Ohmic dissipation is also incorporated. Transformation...

The present inspection elaborates the thermal distribution through a convective-radiative longitudinal trapezoidal moving fin with an internal heat source by considering the linear and nonlinear temperature-dependent thermal conductivities and heat transfer coefficient. The non-dimensionalization of the energy equation is carried out using dimensio...

This novel investigation suggests interesting solution techniques regarding the magnetized flow of Casson material through a porous space confined by a vertical surface. The heat and mass pattern in non-Newtonian fluid flow is accessed by utilizing the slip features and thermal radiation applications. The solution of fractional dimensionless govern...

Stagnation point flow of viscoelastic second grade fluid over a stretching cylinder under the thermal slip and magnetic hydrodynamics effects are studied. The mathematical model has been developed under the assumption of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid flow over a stretching cylinder by means of the boundary layer approximations. The developed mod...

Modeling surface water quality using artificial intelligence-based models is essential in projecting suitable mitigation measures. However, it remains a challenge and requires further research to enhance the modeling accuracy. For this aim, this article presents a methodology to optimize the modeling inputs and reduce the associated complexity. The...

The primary objective of this study is to assess the thermal and solute CNT-based MHD characteristics of nanofluid flow over a vertically moving and rotating disk under the impact of various physical effects such as viscous dissipation, source, sink and thermal radiation. Both the Buongiorno and Xue models are used to study the heat transfer featur...