Muhammad Kashif

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Verified

Muhammad verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• PhD (Nano Electronics)
• Professor (Associate) at Tianjin University

In this article, we have assembled a device with CuxZn1-xFe2O4 composite and confirm this hybrid approach as an energy storage device. Nanocrystalline copper substituted zinc ferrites, CuxZn1-xFe2O4 (Where x = 0.0, 0.10, and 0.20) spinel ferrites have been synthesized by co-precipitation route and annealed at 800 °C about 4 h. The influence of Cu+2...

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance but have stability and toxicity problems. In order to address this challenge, lead-free Double perovskites solar cells (DPSC) have drawn a lot of attention because of their inherent thermodynamic stability and low toxicity. In this work, lead-free double perovskite Cs2PdBr6 i...

Lead-free perovskites are considered a substitute for solar cell applications due to their favorable optoelectronic characteristics, environmental stability, and low toxicity. Moreover, cesium hexabromopalladate (IV) (Cs2PdBr6) is a promising and competitive absorber material for lead-free nontoxic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This is the first e...

In this work, a comparative analysis was carried out by using titanium dioxide (TiO2) and tungsten disulfide (WS2) as an electron transport layer (ETL). This numerical analysis was conducted using SCAPS-1D software, which stands for solar cell capacitance simulator-1 Dimensional. The two device structures were: FTO/TiO2/N719/ MoO3 and FTO/WS2/N719/...

Recently, microwave welding has arisen as an advanced joining method due to its versatility and rapid heating capabilities. Among others, microwave susceptors play a crucial role in microwave welding, as different classes of microwave susceptors have distinct microwave heating mechanisms. In this work, polypropylene (PP) was utilized as a thermopla...

Boosting the performance of solar cells is crucial for advancing photovoltaic technology. This study investigates the integration of alternative 2D materials to enhance the performance of solar cells. Three solar cell configurations sample 1 with CdS, sample 2 with MoS2, and sample 3 with SnS2 are systematically investigated via numerical simulatio...

Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (SSDSSCs) are part of the thin-film solar cell category, garnering substantial research attention for over two decades. This enduring interest is fuelled by their cost-effectiveness, straightforward preparation techniques, minimal toxicity and manufacturability. The device is depicted using SCAPS-1D simulation...

As the world recognizes the need to transition away from fossil fuel-driven energy conversion technologies, there is a global movement towards clean and renewable power. The purpose of this research is to improve the performance of KSnI3 -based solar cells by introducing low-cost and widely available Spiro-OMeTAD as the hole transport layer and TiO...

Microwave welding is becoming more popular than conventional joining methods due to its advantages such as rapid and localised heating as well as applicable to components with complicated geometry. Previously reported susceptor, such as carbonaceous materials and conductive polymers, are toxic and the welding process involving these susceptors is t...

As a promising technology with tremendous potential in specialized markets such as lightweight drones, portable power sources, and reflective applications have been emerged by Flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs), whereas the comparison with other flexible photovoltaic technologies, the fabrication of flexible PSCs is remarkably simpler and more...

In this work, we introduce a double CZTS-layered design with a high-performance Electron Transport Layer (ETL) as an effective way to increase the efficiency of Kesterite solar cells. Our modeling methodology comprehensively considers various loss mechanisms, such as radiative recombination, defect and trap densities within the bulk CZTS, and the E...

Vanadium‐carbide‐based MXenes have bewitched the scientific community due to their distinctive characteristics, which make them potential candidates for several technological applications, such as supercapacitors (SCs), batteries, gas separation, biological sensors, and desalination. This article provides an overview of recent developments in the s...

Perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology is extensively used in commercial sectors, but concerns about the use of lead and degradable components in cells are increasing. A PSC, which is based on lead-free KSnI3, is illustrated through the SCAPS-1D simulation. In this work, different hole transport layers (HTLs; spiro-OMeTAD, Cu2O, NiO, and CuI) and e...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have generated a lot of interest in the scientific horizon due to their high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low cost. In the current study, we assessed the photovoltaic efficiency of Li-doped electron transport layer (ETL) PSCs through parameter variation in the absorber layer, electron transport layer (ETL), an...

This study investigated the utilization of bamboo leaf waste and two varieties of bacterial sources, chicken manure and effective microorganism, in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) at three substrate concentrations (40 g/liter, 80 g/liter, and 160 g/liter). The primary objective was to investigate the kinetics of bacterial growth at various substrate co...

Tin (Sn)-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received increasing attention in the domain of photovoltaics due to their environmentally friendly nature. In this paper, numerical modeling and simulation of hole transport material (HTM)-free PSC based on methyl ammonium tin triiodide (CH3NH3SnI3) was performed using a one-dimensional solar cell c...

The reaction-time-dependent synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) was carried out using a modified Hummer’s method. The drop-casting method was used to coat GO films on a glass substrate. Various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV–Vis spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and current–volta...

Sourcing for an alternative to the liquid electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been the subject of interest in the photovoltaic horizon. Herein, we reported by means of simulation, the performance of dye-sensitized solar cell by replacing the liquid electrolyte with a copper (I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) hole conductor. The study was ca...

Purpose-The quality of GeOx-Ge interface and the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) are the main issues in fabricating high-k/Ge gate stack due to the low-k of GeOx interfacial layer (IL). Therefore, a precise study of the formation of GeOx IL and its contribution to EOT is of utmost importance. In this study, the GeOx ILs were formed through post-ox...

Microgrid (MG) is a small-scale grid that consists of multiple distributed energy resources and load demand. The microgrid energy management system (M-EMS) is the decision-making centre of the MG. An M-EMS is composed of four modules which are known as forecasting, scheduling, data acquisition, and human-machine interface. However, the forecasting...

The concept of a microgrid (MG) has been introduced to integrate the conventional generators, different renewable energy resources and energy storage systems (ESS) to meet the specific load demand. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy resources produces a variable output, which drives an imbalance between power generation and demand...

Due to our imminent energy need, alternative energy resources are inevitably required to be incorporated into our energy storage devices to fulfill the electricity needs. In this context, carbonized and activated high specific surface area and micro/mesoporous carbon obtained from the cotton leaves have been examined for flexible supercapacitor (FS...

In couple of years, the great research towards oceanographic data transmission and submerged impurity the Submerged Wireless Sensor Networks are getting great consideration. SWSN includes issues such as link sustainability, time to begin interaction, data loss due to real-time transmission attempts and transmission range. The aforementioned complic...

In this work, a new organic compound (K-Azo) was introduced to enhance the electrical and optical performance of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) nanostructured films. The improved and modified chemical vapour method was employed for the synthesis of GO and rGO. The photophysical characterization of thin films was performed by applying anal...

This review depicts the exposure of chitin and chitosan base multifunctional nanomaterial composites for promising applications in field of biomedical science structure, synthesis as well as potential application from a colossal angle. We elaborated critically each of the chitin and chitosan base nanomaterial with its potential application toward b...

This work investigated the effect of Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4) on graphene oxide (GO) properties, especially on electrical properties. The GO thin films were deposited on a glass substrate using drop casting technique and were analysed by using various type of spectroscopy (e.g. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Ultra- Violet Visible (UV-VIS...

Great biocompatibility and superior mechanical properties of titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) stimulate the use of this material frequently in biomedical, defence, and aeronautical industries. In these applications the end parts generally have complex curved profiles. Through conventional means of machining, complex profiles with high dimensional accuracy...

Renewable solar energy is the key target to reduce fossil fuel consumption, minimize global warming issues, and indirectly minimizes erratic weather patterns. Herein, the authors synthesized an ultrathin reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheet with~47 nm via an improved Hummer's method. The TiO 2 was deposited by RF sputtering onto an rGO nanosheet...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on fluorine tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrate using spin-coating techniques and as-deposited films were sensitized with various dyes. A series of azo derivatives (2, 5a-b) having different structures were successfully prepared through the process of the azo coupling reaction. KAZO 6 was success...

In the present work, the surface morphology and electrical characteristic of different doping ratio of reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) in Titanium Oxide solution with different organic dyes (turmeric and beetroot) were studied. The Titanium Dioxide (TiO 2 ) solution and reduced Graphene Oxides (rGO) were synthesized by using precipitation-peptization...

Accurate prediction of load has become one of the most crucial issues in the energy management system of the microgrid. Therefore, a precise load forecasting tool is necessary for efficient power management in the microgrid, which can lead to economic benefits for consumers and power industries. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for short-term...

In present work, we introduce the controlled synthesis of few layer vertically oriented MoS2 flakes for high performance NO2 gas sensor applications. The density and the thickness of MoS2 nanosheets are controlled by varying the heating rate of the chemical vapor deposition process. Our study confirms that the nanoflakes of about three layers were...

The biomorphic carbide (Bio-C) with highly interconnected pore-joined carbon structure consisting of three dimensional alignments was prepared based on balsa wood, a non-hazardous herbal stuff, resulting an economic, environment-friendly fabrication process. The balsa wood gives hierarchical natural porous structure after the hydrothermal process,...

In present work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin films was produced by using modified hydrazine vapor. The experiment was conducted by varying the reduction temperatures to 50 ˚C, 60 ˚C, 70 ˚C and 80 ˚C respectively. This work’s aim is to investigate the effect of reduced temperature on the properties of rGO thin films. The thin films were charac...

In this work, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by treating graphite powder with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and a mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4)/ phosphoric acid (H3PO4) at various reaction time. The GO thin film is coated on a glass substrate by using drop casting method. The morphological, optical and electrical properties o...

In this work, graphene oxide (GO) is synthesized via chemical method (improved method) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using thermal treatment. The GO and rGO thin films were coated on a glass substrate by using drop casting method. The GO and rGO thin film were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectr...

Coordination of different distributed generation (DG) units is essential to meet the increasing demand for electricity. Many control strategies, such as droop control, master-slave control, and average current-sharing control, have been extensively implemented worldwide to operate parallel-connected inverters for load sharing in DG network. Among t...

Conventional droop control is a basic control strategy for power sharing in islanded microgrid applications. This strategy has several limitations, such as low transient response, frequency and voltage deviations. This paper presents a modified droop control method for the proper operation of parallel-connected inverters in islanded microgrid. The...

Different TiO2 synthesization processes give different properties. Most of researches in material studies only focus on the morphological and optical properties of TiO2 while lacking in the effort of achieving stable electrical properties of the material. In engineering, stable electrical properties are vital in order to develop a device. Moreover,...

Non toxicity and high isoelectric point of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) are the promising materials widely used in biomolecule detection and biomedicine application. An electrochemical DNA biosensor was successfully fabricated by depositing (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on the hydrothermal growth ZnO NRs. The modifie...

The present investigation deals with the effect of substrate orientation effect on the growth of thermally oxidized Ge. The thermal oxidation was performed at temperature between 375 and 550°C in dry oxygen ambient under atmospheric pressure. The thickness of thermally oxidized Ge films was measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry and the chemical bo...

The different cleaning solution; HCl and HF solution are used to remove the suboxide and oxide component on Ge surface. The HCl cleaning results chlorine (Cl) termination on Ge surface whereas no Fluorine (F) termination was observed just after HF cleaning. The growth of Ge oxide is studied after treated with HCl cleaning on two surface orientation...

Detection of specific nucleic acid targets is of enormous and increasing interest in molecular biodiagnostics, food analysis, forensic investigation, and environmental monitoring. The advancement of nanotechnology with a myriad of novel and engineered nanomaterials and their hybrids with attractive physiochemical properties has raised hopes for the...

Electron transfer rate (ETR) of CNTs can be enhanced by increasing the amounts of COOH groups to their wall and opened tips. With the aim to achieve the highest production amount of COOH, Taguchi robust design has been used for the first time to optimize the surface modification of MWCNTs by nitric acid oxidation. Three main oxidation parameters wh...

Background ZnO/CNT nanocomposites were prepared using Zinc acetate source materials and with the assistance of copper plate, glycine and sugar solution. The combined behavior between these two materials may give rise to the production of advanced materials with a wide range of applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Methods The ZnO-CNT nan...

Purpose – The quality of GeOx/Ge interface and equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) are the main issues in fabricating high k/Ge gate stack due to the low k of GeOx interfacial layer (IL). Therefore, a precise study of formation of GeOxIL and its contribution to equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) is of utmost importance. In this study, the GeOxILs were f...

Development of disease treatment and preventive measures to avoid any dangerous outbreak of epidemic proportions are important. Modern methods of detection and treatment include tissue culture, nanotechnology, radiation, and laser technology. We report the synthesis of nanocrystalline materials by combustion method with the use of Aloe vera extract...

Different Zn concentration was doped with CdSe thin films by Electron Beam Evaporation method. Crystallite variation was studied for doping effect and it was found to be about 40 to 50 nm respectively. Optical band gap values are found to be modified by doping as well as annealing. Annealed films showed considerable influence in their optoelctronic...

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) solution having different molarities were synthesized and deposited on glass substrates by using sol-gel spin-coating method. The variation in thickness, optical, electrical and structural properties of TiO2 thin films were investigated by surface profiler (SP), UV-Vis spectroscopy, two-point probes and atomic force microsco...

In this work, Ni and SnO2 loaded Chitosan nanomaterials are prepared by neutralization method, obtained by drop wise addition of Chitosan solution to a solution of NaOH, followed by cross-linking. The Structural, morphological and Raman analyses are carried out. The antibacterial activity is analysed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli...

An extremely sensitive Jet nebuliser spray pyrolysis has been used to prepare by using indium tinoxide thin films. Visible light responsive In2O3 composite was successfully prepared and annealed for different temperatures. The as-prepared samples and annealed samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–Vis spectra (UV–Vis). The ord...

Transparent semiconductor ZnO thin films deposited on interdigitated electrode (IDE) substrate substrates were obtained by low-cost sol-gel method. The coated ZnO films were annealed in furnace at 500°C for 2 hours. The influence of surface morphologies, crystallization and optical properties was investigated. The structural properties of the annea...

ZnO nanorods, type of the metal-oxide semiconductor deposited on interdigitated electrode (IDE) substrate using hydrothermal growth technique. The growth ZnO nanorods was annealed in furnace at 500°C for 2 hours as to obtain highly crystallite of ZnO nanorods. XRD pattern indicated the synthesized ZnO nanorods have preferred orientation along the (...

Here we reported the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) decorated ZnO thin films based biosensor for the detection of pork DNA hybridization. Label-free DNA detection is increasingly important in bio diagnostics, food analysis and forensic investigations. The capacitance, permittivity and impedance profiles of the biosensor clearly differentiated the comple...

The basic aim of this study is to present the room temperature synthesis of ZnSe thin film by varying doping concentration of selenium oxide on ITO plate using a relatively simple and low cost traditional electrodeposition technique. X-Ray diffraction confirms the formation of single cubic ZnSe phase with a preferred orientation along (111) directi...

ZnO-CNT nanostructures are usually employed to modify the electrode for sensor construction in terms of its high electron mobility. A simple perfume sprayer is used for the production of ZnO-CNT nanostructures to control experiments, the Cu plates was placed on the heater at a temperature of 200º C, we found that there was ZnO nanostructure on the...

Regular hexagonal embedded ZnO nanorods were successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The addition of urea as a homogeneous precursor was found to play a vital role in the embedding of secondary nanorods. The nanostructures were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS. The gas-sensing properties of secondary grown embedded nanorods were re...

TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized on SiO2 substrate via sol–gel spin coating method. TiO2 film was characterized using field emission electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Ultra violet visible (Uv-Vis) spectroscopy. Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors with aluminum (Al) as contact electrode has been successfully...

A highly sensitive and non-invasive label-free biosensor were demonstrated for glucose detection using (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and glucose oxidase (GOx) surface modified polysilicon nanogap (PSNG) lab-on-chip. Fabricated gap size below 100 nm nanogap (NG) was used to discriminate the detection of the prepared dextrose monohydrate (DE...

Nanostructured zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) with hexagonal wurtzite structures were synthesized using an easy and low-cost bottom-up hydrothermal growth technique. ZnO thin films were prepared with the use of four different solvents, namely, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and 2-methoxyethanol, and then used as seed layer templates for the subse...

ZnO nanodisks exhibiting regular hexagonal structures were successfully synthesized using two surfactants via a hydrothermal method. The surfactants, namely, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate, had vital functions in the formation of nanodisk structures. The fabricated ZnO nanodisk-based sensor was exposed to reductive gases....

In this work, by using Jet nebulizer technique Indium oxide thin films on the glass substrates was deposited, and it was annealed for different substrate temperatures 350º, 375º, 400º, 425º, and 450˚C. Different techniques such as X-ray diffractometer, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-vis-NIR), and Scanning electron Microscopy techniques have...

NiO and Ni nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized by boiling method using leaves of Azadirachta indica and Psidium guajava. The size and morphology of the particles was found to be in the range of 17-77 nm by Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis and Atomic mass spectrograph confirm...

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of a single-bridge ZnO nanorod as a photodetector. Design/methodology/approach – The fabrication of the design sensor with ∼6-μm gap Schottky contacts and bridging of the ZnO nanorod were based on conventional photolithography and wet-etching technique. Prior to bridging, the Z...

The basic aim of this research work is to present the synthesis of ZnSe thin film, by varying doping concentration of selenium oxide on ITO plate using a relatively simple and low cost traditional electrodeposistion technique. The physical properties obtained are similar to that reported earlier. The compatibility of the room temperature ZnSe thin...

Tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanoparticles with stable cubic phases were synthesized using a sol–gel combustion method that includes gelation and combustion in organic fuel. The influence of SnO2 on the phase and morphology of the In2O3 nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution transmission e...

Zinc oxide (ZnO) seed solutions were prepared using 4 different solvents, namely, methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and 2-methoxyethanol (2-ME). The prepared seed solutions were used to synthesize ZnO thin films using a low-cost sol-gel spin-coating method. The effect of different solvents on the structural and optical proper...

Selective area growth of ZnO nanorods is accomplished on microgap electrodes (spacing of 6 mum) by using a facile wet chemical etching process. The growth of ZnO nanorods on a selected area of microgap electrode is carried out by hydrothermal synthesis forming nanorod bridge between two electrodes. This is an attractive, genuine, direct, and highly...

Metal-oxide nanostructures have elicited increasing interest in both fundamental and applied sciences. Among metal oxide nanostructures, In2O3 has the potential for use asa semiconductor material. This article provides details on studies carried out thus far for the synthesis and the characterization of In2O3 nanostructures. In this research, vario...

Tin (Sn) doped ZnO nanorods were synthesized on glass substrate using a sol-gel method. The synthesized nanorods were postannealed at 150, 350, and 500°C. The surface morphologies of Sn-doped ZnO nanorods at different postannealing temperatures were studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD results show that as the postannealing tempera...

ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrate using a sol-gel method. The structural and optical properties at different annealing temperatures were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results show that the c-axis orientation became stronger as the annealing temperatur...

Metal-oxide nanostructures have elicited increasing interest in both fundamental and applied sciences. Among metal oxide nanostructures, In2O3 has the potential for use asa semiconductor material. This article provides details on studies carried out thus far for the synthesis and the characterization of In2O3 nanostructures. In this research, vario...

ZnO nanorods were synthesized on low cost thermally oxidized silicon substrate using a simple and easily performable sol-gel spin coating technique followed by hydrothermal growth. C-axis orientation, good crystalline properties and less structural defects containing ZnO nanorods of diameter < 70 nm were obtained. These were confirmed through XRD,...

Morphological transformation was achieved from ZnO hexagonal needle-like rods to hexagonal flower-like rods by varying the reaction growth time using the hydrothermal method. Optical bandgap energies were calculated from the absorption spectra using UV‐vis spectroscopy. Gas sensing properties of flower-like hexagonal ZnO structures at 50 ppm for et...

A sol–gel spin coating technique was described for the synthesis of Pd doped ZnO nanorods for hydrogen sensing applications. The nanorods were hexagonal in shape, 50–100 nm in diameter and uniform in distribution. They exhibited homogeneous surface morphology, c-axis orientation and excellent crystalline properties. The synthesized nanorods were us...

Purpose – The purpose of the current research is to use impedance spectroscopy to study the AC parameters that varied with frequency such as impedance, dielectric constant and conductivity of ZnO nanorods MSM structure in the range of 1 Hz to 10 MHz under atmospheric conditions. Design/methodology/approach – ZnO nanorods were grown on glass substr...