Muhammad Farrukh Habib

• Doctor of Dental Surgery
• MSPH at National University of Medical Sciences

Background: Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in reperfusion therapy, mechanical complications such as ventricular septal rupture, free wall rupture, and acute mitral regurgitation continue to contribute to adverse outcomes. Although rare, these complicatio...

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common complications following abdominal surgeries, including hernia repairs. These infections significantly contribute to patient morbidity and healthcare burden, especially in resource-limited settings. Preoperative skin antisepsis is a critical factor in SSI prevention, with agents s...

Background: Physical health factors, notably physical activity and sleep quality, play a crucial role in adolescents' academic performance. Regular physical activity has been associated with enhanced cognitive functions, including improved concentration and memory, as well as better mood regulation. Adequate sleep, typically 8–10 hours per night fo...

Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute, immune-mediated polyneuropathy that often follows infections, characterized by varying degrees of motor weakness, sensory impairment, and autonomic dysfunction. The disease has multiple subtypes, including Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and Acute Motor Axonal Neu...

Objective: To assess the relationship between psychological wellbeing and academic performance among undergraduate dental students. Method: The analytical, cross-sectional study was done at a dental college in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to July 2023, and comprised dental students after getting approval from Ethical Review Committee. Data on...

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months is crucial for optimal infant health and development. However, various maternal, neonatal, and environmental factors can influence breastfeeding practices, leading to suboptimal outcomes. Objective: To identify and assess the impact of maternal, pregnancy, birth, and infant factors on exc...

Background: Postoperative pain is a common concern following dental procedures, affecting patient comfort and recovery. Effective pain management is crucial, with irrigating solutions playing a key role in endodontic treatments. Among these, 2% chlorhexidine and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite are widely used due to their antimicrobial and tissue-clearin...

Background: Neonatal infections, mainly sepsis, constitute an extremely important cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns, particularly in developing countries. Early diagnosis is important for receiving proper treatment and better prognosis. Objective: To assess the diagnostic ability of different hematological parameters in neonatal sepsis t...

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents, and is associated with inflammation and hyper-responsiveness of the airways. Multiple studies have suggested a potential link between lower levels of vitamin D and increased severity & frequency of asthma exacerbations. Objective: To find out the...

Background: Pulpotomy is a commonly performed procedure in pediatric dentistry aimed at preserving the health and function of primary teeth affected by pulpitis. Traditionally, Formocresol has been widely used due to its antibacterial properties; however, concerns regarding its potential toxicity and long-term effects on dental tissues have led to...

Background: Type-II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, leading to significant complications. Diabetes Distress, a psychological stressor, negatively impacts self-management and glycemic control in T2DM patients. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has been recognized for its...

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a prevalent global health problem associated with significant morbidity. Traditional oral iron therapy is often limited by gastrointestinal side effects and poor absorption. Intravenous (IV) iron may provide a faster and more effective alternative.Objective: This study aims to compare the efficacy and sa...

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, placing a significant burden on healthcare systems. Nurses play a critical role in stroke care, particularly in educating patients post-stroke to prevent recurrence and complications.Objective: To assess the level of knowledge nurses possess regarding patient educati...

Background: Post-aesthetic shivering is a common complication after neuraxial anaesthesia, often managed with agents like tramadol and meperidine, which are associated with adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting. Dexmedetomidine, a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, may offer a safer alternative.Objective: To compare the efficacy of...

Background: Background: Aromatase inhibitors, Arimidex (anastrozole) and Femara (letrozole), are commonly used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Despite similar efficacy, these drugs have different side effect profiles that impact patient compliance and quality of life.Objective: To compare t...

Background: Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and low HDL-C, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Smoking exacerbates these lipid abnormalities, increasing cardiovascular risk, yet the disparities in lipid profiles between smokers and non-smokers are not well defined.Objective: To c...

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a common technique for surgeries below the navel, utilizing bupivacaine, a local anesthetic. Adding adjuncts like dexmedetomidine may enhance the efficacy and duration of the block.Objective: To compare the duration of action of 0.5% bupivacaine versus 0.5% bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in spinal anesthesia.Metho...

Background: LASIK is a popular refractive surgery for correcting myopia, but its impact on endothelial cell count (ECC) remains uncertain, with potential implications for corneal health.Objective: To determine the effect of LASIK on ECC in myopic patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January...

Medical students persistently face a burden of stress which may be a risk factor for depression, suicide, or substance abuse. Objectives: To assess barriers in seeking professional care for perceived mental stress in medical undergraduate students and to assess their stress. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was designed and conducted for six month...

Background: Migraine is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches of varying intensity and duration. Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium, have been implicated in migraine pathogenesis.Objective: This study aimed to assess serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and magnesium in migrain...

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, severe ocular inflammatory disorder predominantly affecting children and young adults. Current treatments, including antihistamines and corticosteroids, can have significant side effects, particularly with long-term use. Tacrolimus, a macrolide immunosuppressant, has emerged as a promising...

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants, who are particularly vulnerable due to their immature immune systems. Hypoalbuminemia, a common biochemical abnormality in these neonates, may reflect the severity of infection and the systemic inflammatory response, potentially serving as a prognostic mar...

Background: Febrile seizures are a common neurological condition in pediatric practice, affecting 2-5% of children globally. These seizures occur in the context of fever without evidence of central nervous system infection or metabolic disturbance. While often benign, febrile seizures are associated with significant morbidity and can cause consider...

Background: β-Thalassemia major is a hereditary hematological disorder that necessitates regular blood transfusions, leading to iron overload and subsequent liver injury. Elevated serum liver enzymes and ferritin are commonly used to monitor liver function in these patients; however, their reliability in predicting true hepatic dysfunction remains...

Background:Chronic liver disease evaluation is commonly conducted using the Child-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scoring systems. While the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard for measuring portal hypertension in cirrhotic patients, non-invasive alternatives such as Doppler ultrasonography offer a cost-ef...

Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by tear film instability, ocular surface inflammation, and symptoms of discomfort that significantly impact patients' quality of life. Current treatments often provide only temporary relief, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents such as N-acetyl cystein...

Background: Acute meningitis is a potentially fatal illness that necessitates immediate identification and medical intervention. The Jolt Accentuation Maneuver (JAM) is a straightforward and non-invasive diagnostic test that can help in diagnosis of acute meningitis. Objectives: This study assessed the accuracy of JAM in detecting acute meningitis...

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition characterized by elevated bilirubin levels, which, if untreated, can lead to severe complications such as kernicterus. Phototherapy is a widely used treatment modality, with two primary approaches: continuous and intermittent phototherapy. While both methods aim to reduce bilirubin levels, there i...

Background: Obstructive jaundice is a clinical condition characterized by the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes due to elevated bilirubin levels caused by bile flow obstruction. Accurate diagnosis of the obstruction's cause and site is essential for effective management. Ultrasonography (USG) is commonly used for initia...

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of nutritional counselling on dietary habit and practices among school adolescents in a public school of Rawalpindi using Diet Quality questionnaire. Methodology: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 109 females among public schools of Rawalpindi. Simple Random sampling was performed. After foll...

Background: The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) and the Bruce Quality of Care Framework underscored the significance of high-quality, person-centered contraceptive counseling. Despite various frameworks, few address the interpersonal aspects of counseling or the negative experiences faced by clients. Recent shifts towa...

In the realm of adolescent health, evidence-based nutritional interventions for lifestyle modification are increasingly recognized as crucial. This scoping review maps the range of such interventions among school adolescents, providing an overview of current strategies, research gaps, and opportunities for enhancing their effectiveness. The review...

Objectives: To determine the association and frequencies or percentages of factors influencing dental service utilization among adults based on the Andersen model. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted, involving 385 adults aged 18-64 years. Data on factors based on the Andersen model, including predisposing,...

Objectives: To determine the association and frequencies or percentages of factors influencing dental service utilization among adults based on the Andersen model. Methodology: A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted, involving 385 adults aged 18-64 years. Data on factors based on the Andersen model, including predisposing,...

Ankylosing Spondylitis is disease with significant morbidity. With biological DMARDs, treatment is revolutionized compared to conventional options. The article will discuss disease pattern, risk factors and treatment response of various drugs on this disease. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors, treatment patterns, and drug utilizat...

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are major global health concerns, surpassing the mortality rates of communicable diseases. These conditions pose significant challenges to global development, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where two-thirds of NCD-related deaths...

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of mortality in the neonatal period, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Temperature at admission may provide valuable prognostic information for managing critically ill neonates. Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between admission temperature and outcomes in neonat...

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints, leading to inflammation and potential joint damage. Methotrexate (MTX) and Leflunomide (LEF) are commonly used disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for RA, but their hepatotoxic effects require careful monitoring. Objective: This study...

Background: The global population is aging, leading to an increased incidence of acute cholecystitis and associated complications in the elderly. While laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for treating acute cholecystitis, its safety and outcomes in high-risk, elderly patients with comorbidities are not well-documented. Objective: To c...

Background: Mechanical ventilation is an advanced intervention employed in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) to assist neonates who require external ventilation for adequate gas exchange, while minimizing associated complications. Understanding the indications and short-term outcomes of mechanical ventilation is crucial for improving neonatal c...

Background: Septoplasty is a common surgical procedure used to correct a deviated nasal septum, which can cause nasal obstruction and impact respiratory function. Postoperative management traditionally includes nasal packing to prevent complications such as bleeding and hematoma, although it can be associated with discomfort and other complications...

Background: Piriformis syndrome, a condition that affects predominantly females, leads to significant morbidity and impacts the quality of life. Despite its prevalence, it remains underdiagnosed, especially in the developed world. Treatment options include physiotherapy, painkillers, massage, heat, corticosteroids, local anesthetics, and botulinum...

Background: The induction of general anesthesia is a critical phase in anesthetic practice, often associated with significant hemodynamic changes. These changes can lead to complications due to autonomic adrenergic responses. Esmolol, a beta-1 antagonist, is commonly used to blunt these responses, but its availability is limited in some settings. M...

Anemia (particularly iron deficiency) is an important concern in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as it reflects the outcome of the disease. Objective: To compare the treatment efficacy of oral versus intravenous iron supplementation in improving the hemoglobin status of patients with chronic kidney disease not on hemodialysis or erythrop...

The prevalence of dental caries among Pakistani schoolchildren is rising. Current epidemiological statistics are required to determine treatment needs. These numbers are not presently accessible for elementary school students. Objectives: To assess the Oral health status of secondary school children 12 – 14 years through DMFT index and to determ...

Objective: To determine the frequency of dyslipidaemia in acute non-cardio embolic ischemic stroke patients at a tertiary care centre in Rawalpindi. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Neurology Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi Pakistan, Jul 2022 to Feb 2023. Methodology: Patients with acute...

Objective: To assess the responsiveness of Tuberculosis control mechanism by using an adapted version of World health Organization questionnaire. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 385 Tuberculosis patients who visited Fatima Jinnah Chest Hospital, Quetta from February 2021 to July 2021. Non-Probability convenience sampling was us...

Objectives:To determine the association and frequencies or percentagesof factors influencing dental service utilization among adults based on the Andersen model.Methodology:A cross-sectional study with convenience sampling was conducted, involving 385 adults aged18-64 years. Data on factors based on the Andersen model, including predisposing, enabl...

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health concern characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time. It is often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications. Proteinuria, the presence of abnormal quantities of protein in the urine, is a key indicator of kidney damage in CKD. Among...

Background: Chronic daily headache (CDH) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are prevalent health issues with significant impact on individuals' quality of life. Understanding the relationship between these conditions is essential for developing effective treatment strategies. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between iron defi...

Background: Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, poses significant diagnostic challenges, particularly in differentiating between malignancy-related ascites (MRA) and non-malignant ascites (NMA). This differentiation is critical for appropriate clinical management. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value...

Background: Meningitis, a potentially life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, poses diagnostic challenges, particularly in differentiating bacterial meningitis (BM) from other forms. The identification of effective biomarkers is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ce...

Background: Urolithiasis, a common urological condition, presents diagnostic challenges. While CT scans are considered the gold standard for detecting ureteric calculi, the role of ultrasonography is also significant, especially in varied clinical scenarios. Objective: This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography compared to...

Background: With the advancement of surgical techniques, the comparison of electrocautery and scalpel incisions in midline abdominal surgeries has become an essential area of study. Traditional scalpel incisions have been known for their precision but carry risks of excessive blood loss and sharp injuries. Electrocautery, offering a potentially saf...

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, prompting an urgent need for effective treatments outside the standard therapeutic window. With an estimated 6.5 million stroke-related deaths annually and a particular prevalence in the 18-49 age demographic, there is a substantial burden on healthcare systems. In...

Background:Uterine rupture is a devastating obstetric complication commonly occurring in uterus with scarring during labor or late pregnancy. Early trimester and rupture of unscarred uterus is an infrequent event. Case Report:A 36-year-old woman, gravida 6 para 5+0, came with the complain of sudden generalized abdominal pain at 10+ weeks of gestati...

Objective:To assess the awareness and utilization of personal protective eye devices and eye health hazards among Welders of Quetta.Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study design was used.Place and duration of study:Study was carried out at Quetta city among welders from March to July 2022Methodology:A cross-sectional study was conducted at...

Maternalhealthbeingaglobalhealthpriorityemphasizesstronglyonreducedmaternal mortality rate, in a country. The delivery of maternal and child healthcare services in weak and vulnerable health systems has been severely impacted by the change in emphasis to contain the COVID-19 epidemic. Objective:To explore, identify and determine the barriers and fa...

Objective: To determine the direct and indirect cost of the root canal treatment and its relationship with the patient satisfaction. Material and Methodology: The research is analytical cross sectional and was done by using two separate questionnaire surveys. Sampling technique used was convenience sampling and the sample size used is of 384 patien...

Around the world, 12% of the working population is comprised of the healthcare workers [1]. Occupation related injuries put a major strain on organization by expanding cost through therapeutic working cost, loss of working days and decreased capacity to confer facilities by the workers [2]. Nurses confront a wide variety of work environment risks d...

Background: Oral health skills (OHS) programs about brushing techniques have been found to have a lasting impact when repetition and reinforcement are used. Existing dental research doesn't apply to school-based surgeon-led oral health skill programs. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of Oral Health Skills with regard to proper brushing te...

Oral health status of health care workers in Rawalpindi Islamabad Pakistan

Studies from all around the world have shown that healthcare professionals may encounter a number of obstacles to receiving dental care, which raises the prevalence of oral disorders in this population. In recent years, Pakistan has not done a national oral health assessment on the state of oral health among healthcare workers.Objective: To determi...

Central Bureau of Health Intelligence denotes to offer nancial protection through раying illness соst, and quality services of Heаlthсаre. The Sehat Sahulat рrоgrаm is one of the best рrоgrаm that has been started by the Раkistаn government, launched in 2015 to work on health forall.Objective:ToassesstheresponsivenessofSehatSahulatProgram.Methods:A...

Adolescent’s active participation in PA may reduce the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Barriers to PA and the association among these barriers were examined. Objective: To explore barriers to PA in the adolescent of public school of Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional design, multistage cluste...

In Pakistan, the association of factors related to depression needs to be explored a little more because here when a woman discusses or shares her problems, her concerns are dismissed and turned down, the same reason women don’t express their feelings and seek help. Objective: To determine the association between postpartum depression and social su...

Occupational hazards associated with health are present in every occupation, and they are the leading cause of death. In the medical profession, Nurses constitute the largest group of healthcare workers, and experience a higher rate of workplace hazards exposure than other health care workers. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practi...

The main reason behind poor healthcare delivery is malfunctioning of effective referral system. Objective: To determine the frequency of patients referred through proper channel in medical outpatient department of tertiary health care facility and to determine the causes of not utilizing basic health facilities by employing modified WHO questionnai...

weeks after child's birth (ICD 10) [1, 2]. There's no de nite average length of time PPD might stay as it might present from a couple of weeks to one year after giving birth. A review of postpartum research suggests that the symptoms of PPD improve over time, where most cases of depression getting better after 3 to six months of appearance [3]. In...

Dental caries seems to be a significant public health issue and a common non-communicable disease. And is more prevalent in age group 6-12 years. There has never been a national oral health survey conducted in Pakistan between age 6-12 years in recent years. The purpose of this study was to look into the dental health of children between the ages o...

Dental caries among Pakistani’s school children continue to increase. To identify treatment needs, current epidemiologic data are needed. Such statistics are currently not available for elementary school children. Objectives: To determine the oral status of school children using Decayed, Missed, Filled, Teeth index. To identify treatment need by us...

Although most interventional cardiologists favor radial artery (RA) access because to its ergonomic practicality, data on distal artery (DRA) access with relation to RA patency has not been compared in major trials. Objective: To compare the access feasibility of distal radial artery vs Forearm radial artery for cardiac catheterization operations....

Due to the high frequency of in-stent restenosis, repeat coronary angiography and left main percutaneous coronary intervention is recommended. But Computed Tomography Angiography is a noninvasive procedure for evaluating coronary arteries. Objectives: To assess the proportion of InStent restenosis in left main per-Cutaneous coronary intervention an...

Objective: To assess the awareness and utilization of personal protective eye devices and eye health hazards among Welders of Quetta. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study design was used. Place and duration of study: Study was carried out at Quetta city among welders from March to July 2022 Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conduc...

Poor oral hygiene is a major factor for oral diseases. Urban slums are recognized as a risk group population as the burden of oral diseases is highest among them. Objectives: To evaluate the oral health status of slums using Decayed, Missed, and Filled Tooth index. To evaluate the oral health status of slums using Community Periodontal Index for Tr...