Muhammad Arif

International Islamic University, Islamabad | IIUI · Department of Marketing

COVID-19 has restricted a large population of the workforce to conventional work owing to mitigate the spread of the virus. This restriction resulted in the adaptation of remote work setting all around the globe. Work from home presents unique challenges especially to Pakistan being a developing country where online work requisites are not yet esta...

In recent years, the phenomenon of using smartphones for entertainment and leisure purposes has gained greater attention. Technology companies are exploring the new possibilities of this in the form of metaverse. However, research exploring the relationship between smartphones and leisure is a very recent phenomenon. Therefore, understanding the ro...

Purpose: Retailers acknowledge the importance of the retail store environment as a tool for differentiation and valuable for positioning the retail store. It makes the buyer's decision to visit the store easier. Further, a pleasing retail environment improves the customer's purchasing experience and satisfaction. This paper aims to; investigate the...

‘What we Foreign Direct Investors need is a level playing field.’ This was claimed by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a multinational corporation (MNC) operating in Pakistan for more than 50 years, on two separate occasions during 2015-18. This idiom motivated the authors to understand business nuances associated with Pakistan’s economy no...

This study aims to examine the role of mobile application atmospherics in enhancing customer experience. This enhanced experience leads to trust and satisfaction, which in turn influences repurchase intention and generates positive word of mouth. A cross-sectional study, with an experimental design method and an online survey for data collection, w...

This article studied trust and opportunistic behavior in inter-organizational exchange relationships between tour operators and local services suppliers at a tourism destination in the comparative empirical contexts of Northern Norway and Gilgit Baltistan Pakistan. The collection of data from two contrasting cultures defines the primary significanc...

A very large majority of family-owned businesses struggle in the transition of management and ownership of the businesses from one generation to the next. Only 30 percent of businesses experience this as smooth sailing (e.g., Tabor & Vardaman, 2020).The objective of this qualitative exploratory study, driven by case study as a research design, is t...

This study analyses the effect of culture on the marketing communication through websites of four multinational fast-food companies operating in USA and in Malaysia. Additionally, how the design of a website gets affected by culture is also analyzed in this study. The content analysis procedure is applied in this research. The findings of the study...

The purpose of this study was to explore how organizations define the organizational change and resistance including its management. This study also aimed to explore how organizations deal with resistance to organizational change when an organization considers it as an opportunity or a barrier. This study was conducted to evaluate resistance to org...

The tourism literature reveals that the tradition of critical approaches toward the industry and its operations is underdeveloped compared with other industries such as energy and manufacturing. One of the indicators of this under-development is the relatively greater focus on making tourism sustainable, with limited reflection on the responsibilit...

As diagnostic and dialogic Organizational Development (OD) are major approaches to manage change, therefore, according to Marshak and Bushe (2018) this can be an exceptional area for OD scholars to explore "Under what conditions are diagnostic or dialogic approaches the most appropriate intervention and most likely to succeed"? The purpose of this...

Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of corporate governance and its influence on earnings management reported in the annual reports of manufacturing companies during 2013-2018 on manufacturing sector of Pakistan Stock Exchange(PSE). Design/methodology/approach-Annual reports of manufacturing sector of Pakistan Stock Exc...