Muhammad Mahtab Alam

Tallinn University of Technology | TTU · Thomas Johann Seebeck Department of Electronics

In this paper accurate mobility and radio link modeling for intra-body communication is presented. The proposed enhanced mobility and radio link models introduce space and time variations to existing IEEE 802.15.6 channel models which can be used for better performance evaluation of new and existing algorithms and protocols. The contributions of th...

In this survey a new application paradigm life and safety for critical operations and missions using wearable Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) technology is introduced. This paradigm has a vast scope of applications, including disaster management, worker safety in harsh environments such as roadside and building workers, mobile health monitoring...

A wireless body area sensor network (WBASN) demands ultra low power and energy efficient protocols. Medium access control (MAC) layer plays a pivotal role for energy management in WBASN. Moreover, idle listening is the dominant energy waste in most of the MAC protocols. WBASN exhibits wide range of traffic variations based on different physiologica...

This paper presents a self organized asynchronous medium access control (MAC) protocol for wireless body area sensor (WBASN). The protocol is optimized in terms of latency and energy under variable traffic. A body sensor network (BSN) exhibits a wide range of traffic variations based on different physiological data emanating from the monitored pati...

Energy modeling is an important issue for designing and dimensioning low power wireless sensor networks (WSN). In order to help the developers to optimize the energy spent by WSN nodes, a pragmatic and precise hybrid energy model is proposed. This model considers different scenarios that occur during the communication and evaluates their energy con...

This paper explores least squares (LS), median (MED), inverse distance weighting (IDW), distance weighted estimator (DWE) and three different weighted least squares (WLS) methods for Ultra-Wideband (UWB) active-passive two-way ranging (AP-TWR) measurement matrix estimation. The proposed methods were tested with practical experiments in line-of-sigh...

Device-to-device (D2D) enables direct communication between two-user equipment (UEs) with or without the involvement of a base station (BS). D2D communication is a vital paradigm to design a reliable public safety network (PSN) and support several services in the sixth generation (6G) systems such as target monitoring, emergency search and rescue,...

This paper proposes two general active-passive two-way ranging (TWR) methods: AP1-TWR and AP2-TWR. The proposed methods rely on 2 types of anchors: active-passive and passive-only. The first type actively takes part in packet exchange and listens to transmissions of other active-passive anchors, and the second type only listens. Pairing these conce...

Recently, drones technology started unleashing numerous novel applications and services and became one of the killer applications for the Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) paradigm. The main challenge for real-time applications is, however, transferring data between data processing servers and drones, which yields considerable latency and energy consumpt...

The fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks introduced massive machine-type communications (mMTC) to cope with the growing demand of massive Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, the heterogeneous characteristics of massive IoT and diverse quality of service (QoS) requirements may lead to severe interference that could...

Device-to-device communication, as provided by the third generation partnership project standardization, can play a vital role in designing a reliable pervasive public safety network, which allows the user equipment (UEs) to communicate directly with each other in emergency situations. In this paper, we analyze the performance of direct discovery,...

Machine Learning (ML) techniques can play a pivotal role in energy efficient IoT networks by reducing the unnecessary data from transmission. With such an aim, this work combines a low-power, yet computationally capable processing unit, with an NB-IoT radio into a smart gateway that can run ML algorithms to smart transmit visual data over the NB-Io...

Today, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones are increasingly used to enable and support multi-access edge computing (MEC). However, transferring data between nodes in such dynamic networks implies considerable latency and energy consumption, which are significant issues for practical real-time applications. In this paper, we consider an autono...

In Public Safety Networks (PSNs), the conservation of on-scene device energy is critical to ensure long term connectivity to first responders. Due to the limited transmit power, this connectivity can be ensured by enabling continuous cooperation among on-scene devices through multipath routing. In this paper, we present a Reinforcement Learning (RL...

Device-to-device communication, as provided by the third generation partnership project standardization, can play a vital role in designing a reliable pervasive public safety network, which allows the user equipments to communicate directly with each other in emergency situations. In this paper, we present experimental results and evaluate the perf...

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate through...

In this paper, we propose an inter-cell interference (ICI) minimization scheme for uplink transmission in the narrow-band internet of things (NB-IoT) systems. We first establish the theoretical ICI problem formulation and propose its corresponding solution for the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) NB-IoT system. Based on the theoretical formulation,...

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate through...

The use of Aerial Base Stations (ABSs) has received a great deal of attention in academia and industry as a means to support the cellular communication traffic growth. In this article, we focus on obtaining the optimal altitude of an ABS using two criteria-maximum cell coverage area and minimum Symbol Error Rate (SER). Our study is done by using a...

Smart body area networks (SmartBAN) is an emerging wireless body area networks (WBAN) standard proposed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). This paper first examines the potential of SmartBAN medium access control (MAC) layer with scheduled access to support a myriad of WBAN applications, having diverse data rate requirem...

This paper proposes a generalized approach combining two-way ranging (TWR) and passive ranging methods, called active-passive two-way ranging (AP-TWR). The proposed approach offers a generalized solution for a wide range of anchor configurations in positioning systems. The possibility to define active-passive and passive-only anchor roles allows sc...

See the pre-print version here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345942851_Active-Passive_Two-Way_Ranging_Using_UWB

Link/channel scheduling is a process by which different channels within the allowed set of frequencies or different timeslots from a single channel are assigned to achieve minimum interference to the neighbouring nodes and higher efficiency. Existing channel scheduling approaches are often evaluated under the assumption of random mobility model. Th...

In an event of a disaster, the connectivity of on-scene available User Equipment (UE) to the first responders is important because of the unavailability of conventional networks. Therefore, in this paper, considering the deployment of both the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Mobile Command Center (MCC), we investigate end to end connectivity of U...

The growing network density and unprecedented increase in network traffic, caused by the massively expanding number of connected devices and online services, require intelligent network operations. Machine Learning (ML) has been applied in this regard in different types of networks and networking technologies to meet the requirements of future comm...

In scenarios, like critical public safety communication networks, On-Scene Available (OSA) user equipment (UE) may be only partially connected with the network infrastructure, e.g., due to physical damages or on-purpose deactivation by the authorities. In this work, we consider multi-hop Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in a hybrid infrastructu...

Device-to-device (D2D) communications serve as an alternative to cellular networks to enable communication for public safety networks (PSNs). A key requirement for PSNs is to offer alternative access to reach the responders if the communication infrastructure is partially or completely damaged due to a natural or man-made disaster. In this paper, w...

The high mobility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and their capability to rapidly deploy Aerial Base Stations (ABS) in areas where the terrestrial network becomes unavailable is a key enabler for Public Safety Networks. In our work we introduce a model in order to identify Line of Sight (LoS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) conditions for User Equi...

Gait is the locomotion attained through the movement of limbs and gait analysis examines the patterns (normal/abnormal) depending on the gait cycle. It contributes to the development of various applications in the medical, security, sports, and fitness domains to improve the overall outcome. Among many available technologies, two emerging technolog...

This paper presents a condensed review of the European smart body area network (BAN) standardization work and its already published standards. The work is carried out under the ETSI Technical Committee (TC) SmartBAN. The goal of ETSI TC SmartBAN is to define and develop new European BAN standards; fostering the successful market adoption of wireles...

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate through...

NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is an emerging cellular IoT technology that offers attractive features for deploying low-power wide area networks suitable for implementing massive machine type communications. NB-IoT features include e.g. extended coverage and deep penetration for massive connectivity, longer battery-life, appropriate through...

The design changes on the physical (PHY) layer, i.e. the limited system bandwidth of one physical resource block (PRB), single antenna support, lower-order modulations, etc. inhibit the mapping of traditional long term evolution (LTE) radio resource management techniques to narrowband internet of things (NB-IoT) systems. Consequently, possible inte...

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a cellular IoT communication technology standardized by 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) for supporting massive machine type communication and its deployment can be realized by a simple firmware upgrade on existing long term evolution (LTE) networks. The NB-IoT requirements in terms of energy effic...

A dynamic slot allocation scheme using non-overlapping contention windows is presented in this paper to improve the utilization of the IEEE 802.15.6 Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) superframe. Firstly, a Non Overlapping Backoff Algorithm (NOBA) that avoids inter-priority collisions due to backoff is presented. The results of this scheme are compa...

Machine learning is a rapidly evolving paradigm that has the potential to bring intelligence and automation to low-powered devices. In parallel, there have been considerable improvements in the ambient backscatter communications due to high research interest over the last few years. The combination of these two technologies is inevitable which woul...

Existing public safety networks (PSNs) are not designed to cope with disasters such as terrorist attacks, consequently leading to long delays and intolerable response times. First responders’ life threats when accessing the attacked zone are more severe in comparison to other disasters and the accuracy of basic information such as the number of ter...

In this paper, a joint throughput and channel aware medium access control (MAC) scheduling scheme is presented and evaluated for Smart Body Area Network (SmartBAN) standard, developed by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). At first, various mobility patterns are generated which provide dynamic space-time variations in distance a...

In an effort towards designing a batteryless Internet of Things (IoT) sensor node that is powered by miniaturized energy-harvesting source(s), we combine the techniques of transient computing, approximate computing, data and energy predictions so as to handle the unpredictable power shortages of the miniaturized energy harvesting sources and reduce...

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Body Area Networks, BodyNets 2020, held in Tallinn, Estonia, in October 2020. The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 15 papers presented were selected from 30 submissions and issue new technologies to provide trustable...

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as Aerial Base Station (ABSs) is emerging as an effective technique to provide high capacity wireless networks to ground users. In this paper, cell coverage of a low altitude UAV is investigated for supporting such networks. An analytical framework for cell coverage area of an ABS is provided for Suburban,...

This chapter presents an insight into the narrowband Internet of Things (NB‐IoT), a cellular technology for enabling massive machine type communications such as automation in Industry. It provides an overview of NB‐IoT with respect to industrial automation. The chapter highlights the design of NB‐IoT to fulfil the intended objective, namely flexibl...

This paper presents an Interference and Priority aware Coexistence (IPC) algorithm to ensure coexistence between multiple WBANs communicating within each other transmission range. By intelligently keeping an interfering WBAN silent, the IPC approach aims to maximize simultaneous (interference-free) transmissions from sensor nodes of different WBANs...

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) envision the realization of several applications which involve the physiological monitoring and/or feedback generations according to the monitored vital signs. These applications range from telehealth or telemedicine to sports and entertainment. SmartBAN provides the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC)...

In the event of man made disasters the critical infrastructure is not available. In the absence of any centralized control it is important to devise energy efficient techniques for routing. This paper presents a comparison of clustering techniques for enabling energy-aware routing in Device to Device (D2D) communication for Public Safety Networks....

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are expected to provide data service to the users as aerial base station, as gateways to collect the data from various sensors and as sensor mounted aerial platforms deployed in smart city. The study in this chapter initially starts with the Air-to-Ground (A2G) Channel Model. Due to unavailability of channel paramete...

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) envision the realization of several applications which involve the physiological monitoring and/or feedback generations according to the monitored vital signs. These applications range from telehealth or telemedicine to sports and entertainment. SmartBAN provides the physical (PHY) and medium access control (MAC)...

Current medical facilities usually lead to a very high cost especially for developing countries, rural areas and mass casualty incidents. Therefore, advanced electronic health systems are gaining momentum. In this paper, we first compared our novel off the shelf experimental wired Body Sensor Networks (BSN), that is, Digital First Aid (DigiAID) wit...

In recent years, Energy Efficiency (EE) has become a critical design metric for cellular systems. In order to achieve EE, a fine balance between throughput and fairness must also be ensured. To this end, in this paper we have presented various resource block (RB) allocation schemes in relay-assisted Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) networks. Dr...

Device-to-device (D2D) can be a key paradigm to design Pervasive Public safety Networks (PPNs) which could allow the User Equipment (UEs) to communicate directly in disaster scenarios. Recently, the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has been suggested in PSNs to enhance situational awareness and disseminate critical information to the deployed...