Mudhar A. AL-OBAIDI

Middle Technical University

In open-channel flow, vegetation study is crucial to be investigated with any type of plants including trees, shrubs, and grasses which are growing within or near the channel banks and beds in natural or artificial waterways, such as rivers, streams, and canals. These plants are different in height, size, shape and arrangements which have a big...

The efficient utilization of solar energy technology is significantly enhanced by the application of energy storage, which plays an essential role. Nowadays, a wide variety of applications deal with energy storage. Due to the intermittent nature of solar radiation, phase change materials are excellent options for use in several types of solar energ...

Due to the poor thermal conductivity of phase change materials (PCMs), the operation of Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) is restricted by the limited heat exchange rate between PCMs and heat sources or sinks. The current review discusses the effects of magnetic field, rotation, tilt angle, and vibration on the discharging and charging hea...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process is being engaged to yield fresh water from brackish water sources. However, the RO process is characterized by its high specific energy consumption (SEC) owing to high-pressure pumps. The current study focuses on reducing the SEC of the brackish water RO desalination plant using model-based optimization practice. The in...

The vast growth of the manufacturing world is producing a massive amount of wastewater from a wide range of industrial applications disposed into surface water. Undoubtedly, these effluents contain a variety of high-toxic compounds that pose a real challenge and dislocate the environment. The reverse osmosis (RO) process is recognized as a superior...

The population size and geographical distribution vary from one place to another as a result to several natural and human factors. This study focuses on analysing the population growth and geographical distribution in the district of Baquba district for the period 2003-2019. Baquba has witnessed a clear development which causes an increase in its p...

The reverse osmosis (RO) technology has engaged in the removal of a wide set of pollutants including dimethylphenol at a high rejection. The goal of this research is to explore the influence of spacer geometric design on the performance metrics of an individual spiral wound module of RO process to eliminate dimethylphenol from wastewater. The study...

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a modern class of materials that got great academic attention over the last two decades. Recently, serious attempts were conscripted to scale up several types of them and involve industrial applications. UiO-66 is a zirconium-based MOF that was synthesized in 2008 and widely applied in many fields since then. As...

The reverse osmosis (RO) process is one of the most popular membrane technologies for the generation of freshwater from seawater and brackish water resources. An industrial scale RO desalination consumes a considerable amount of energy due to the exergy destruction in several units of the process. To mitigate these limitations, several colleagues f...

For life to exist on earth, there must be water. Freshwater resources are in short supply due to industrialization and the world’s rapid population expansion. Growing water shortage argues that using passive solar stills is the best and most practical solution in the world’s arid and semi-arid regions. For applications in distant or rural coasta...

Fresh water is scarce, making it a worldwide issue. In order to address global freshwater demand, a filtration technique is needed. Solar distillation (SD) that purifies brackish and subterranean water has been proven to be a promising green technology. It produces distilled water which can be used as potable water for drinking and other purposes....

The gasoline engine and especially the four-stroke engine can be considered as one of the best and well-known engine brands that attracted the interest of consumers due to its effectiveness compared to other alternative engine types. The current study has experimentally investigated the performance and fuel economy of the gasoline engine at various...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) is widely used for separating organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater. In this research, the one-dimensional steady state model of a spiral wound RO for the removal of phenol from wastewater, was simulated using gPROMS software to identify optimal design and operating parameters. The design parameters included the membra...

Over many years, in order to provide powerful techniques for protecting digital copyrights, digital watermarking techniques have been developed. This research focuses on proposing an efficient blind hybrid digital image watermarking technique based on the transformation of Daubechies wavelet (DW) and Block Bitmap modification (BBM). DW represents a...

Solar energy, amongst all renewable energies, has attracted inexhaustible attention all over the world as a supplier of sustainable energy. The energy requirement of major seawater desalination processes such as multistage flash (MSF), multi-effect distillation (MED) and reverse osmosis (RO) are fulfilled by burning fossil fuels, which impact the e...

Azo is one of the most effective functional groups used to synthesis commonly colors and plays an important role in several applications of industrial dyes. More specifically, saccharin has been extensively used in the field of human food. In this paper, saccharin has been successfully implemented as a primary material for the preparation of new AZ...

This study focuses on evaluating the effects of welding process parameters and material properties on the intermetallic compound formation and the resulted strength of a tri-dissimilar structure. The structure is made from dissimilar materials. Hardened (5083) and tempered (6061) Al alloys were in a butt configuration jointed to steel in a lap conf...

This study aims to assess the drought levels in Diyala Governorate- Iraq, utilizing Remote Sensing (RS) data and Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Agricultural droughts were evaluated based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Anomaly for the years 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2021. Landsat images were analysed using ArcGIS 10...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination capacity has been increasing steadily over the years. However, the necessity of developing more efficient designs has become more crucial due the increased demands for freshwater. This study shows the development of a conceptual design of an efficient energy medium-scale RO brackish water desalination plant of t...

The integration of two or more processes in a hybrid system is one of the most desirable options to provide flexibility, interoperability and data sharing between the connected processes. Various examples of hybrid systems have been developed with seawater desalination systems such as the combination of thermal and membrane technologies. This paper...

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria pushes the researchers to investigate additional antibacterials. Mostly, medicinal plants are considered as the first source to search such agents. Many previous reports affirmed antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Allium sativum extracts, but the activities of...

Lead-acid batteries are widely used in the conventional cars as a main electrical energy storage system to supply the power for the following start. In this paper, the efficacy of lead batteries was evaluated and compared against ultra-capacitors and alternative battery designs via a simulationbased model of the complete process. Specifically, seve...

The current study demonstrates a cost-effective method to manufacture porous metal by applying p.L to the Cu-Zn metal composite mixture, by sintering samples at 950̊ C, and by using an optical microscope to define pores distribution and their shapes. The product collected showed a better apparent porosity, apparent thickness, low mechanical propert...

This study aims to nominate a suitable location for a new fire station in Baquba District Eastern Iraq. The suitability model was selected using GIS-based on five criteria layers including the roads, hospital, existing fire stations, population, and police stations. All the dataset was processed using ArcGIS 10. The criteria layers were standardize...

The use of Reverse Osmosis (RO) process in seawater desalination to provide high-quality drinking water is progressively increased compared to thermal technologies. In this paper, multistage spiral wound RO desalination process is considered. Each stage consists of several pressure vessels (PVs) organised in parallel with membrane modules in each P...

Publishing papers in highly ranked journals can be recognised as an outstanding achievement; however, the paper and author’s impact remain concealed unless the paper is cited. Citations are usually used to assess scientists for productivity and work resonance. The h-index, which was suggested by the American physicist Jorge Hirsch in 2005,1 is the...

Owing to the high specific energy consumption associated with thermal desalination technologies such as Multi Effect Distillation (MED), there is a wide interest to develop a cost-effective desalination technology. This study focuses on improving the operational, economic, and environmental perspectives of hybrid MED-TVC (thermal vapour compression...

In all industrial petrochemical plants and refineries, the furnace is the source of heat resulting from fuel combustion with air. The model-based furnace simulation is considered one of the efficient methods help to reduce the energy loss and maintain fixed refinery revenues, conserving energy, and finally reducing external fuel consumption and tot...

Recently, there has been a tendency for scientific studies to deal with natural materials as fillers and reinforcement for polymer composites, which are used in many different applications due to their environmentally friendly properties when compared to synthetic materials. The current study aims to preserve the environment by dealing with natural...

Brackish water desalination is one of the most promising methods to generate freshwater for the community in water-scarce regions. The current research proposes a hybrid Multi Effect Distillation and Thermal Vapor Compression (MED-TVC) and double Reverse Osmosis (RO) system for brackish water desalination for the Jordanian arid and semi-arid region...

Despite the fact of being intensive energy consumption, MSF is a mature technology that characterised by a high production capacity of high-quality water. The multistage flash (MSF) desalination process is one of the prominent thermal desalination used in the industry of seawater desalination to produce high quantity and high quality of freshwater....

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process accounts for 80% of the world desalination capacity. Apparently, there is a rapid increase of deploying the RO process in seawater desalination due to its high efficiency in removing salts at a reduced energy consumption compared to thermal desalination technologies such as MSF and MED. Among different types of membrane...

There has been a significant increase in the use of composite materials to reinforce metallic structures. Such an increase has been especially noted in marine and underground applications, where there is a higher corrosion impact. Whilst there have been several attempts to investigate the mechanical properties of several synthesized composite mater...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) has already proved its worth as an efficient treatment method in chemical and environmental engineering applications. Various successful RO attempts for the rejection of organic and highly toxic pollutants from wastewater can be found in the literature over the last decade. Dimethylphenol is classified as a high-toxic organic c...

Phenol is one of most toxic and harmful pollutants in industrial wastewater streams, the removal of which is therefore of critical importance. The use of reverse osmosis (RO) systems as a means of treating wastewater is continuously growing. This research investigates the effect of operating parameters on the performance of five different multistag...

Due to depletion of freshwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions accompanied with an increase in water demand, the focus is on improving thermal desalination technologies such as multi effect distillation (MED) that are energy intensive. Undoubtedly, this technology plays an important role in generating high quantity of freshwater from saline...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) system has confirmed its viability to produce high quality water from brackish water sources. However, the increase in water and electricity demands and has raised the necessity of a sustainable and integrated water treatment systems. Renewable sources of energy can be applied to reduce the environmental footprint and satis...

Floods are a great concern for people and infrastructure, and this is an issue which has increased in several regions around the globe in recent years. This study aims to evaluate flood risk areas and create a flood risk map using integrated remote sensing data and a geographic information system (GIS) in the Wasit governorate – eastern Iraq. Speci...

Coprecipitation method was used to prepare non-stoichiometric pristine copper and iron layered double hydroxide (LDH) doped with zirconium and embedded with reduced graphene oxide. The composite materials (ZrRGOCuFe LDHs) were studied for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye as a model contaminant from an aqueous solution. These composit...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) input parameters have key roles in mass transport and performance indicators. Several studies can be found in open literature. However, an experimental research on evaluating the brackish water RO input parameters influence on the performance metrics with justifying the interference between them via a robust model has not b...

The preparation of mesoporous silica supported zinc oxide photocatalyst (MS/ZnO) was carried out using the direct and indirect approaches (impregnation) in solvent media and grinding approach (mechanochemical) in a solvent-free media. This showed the dissemination of zinc oxide nanoparticles over mesoporous substrates that associated with the forma...

Multi Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) processes have been extensively used to produce freshwater from seawater resources. Among many performance indicators, energy consumption of different configuration of hybrid system of MED and RO processes have been analysed in the past. Hybrid MED-RO system is energy intensive and use of fos...

Brackish water can be considered an important source of fresh water, via desalination, especially for arid districts. Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has been successfully used to produce fresh water from brackish water sources. However, there is still the challenge of improving the performance of multistage RO desalination plants. From the selection...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) system has confirmed its viability to produce high quality water from brackish water sources. However, the increase in water and electricity demands and has raised the necessity of a sustainable and integrated water treatment systems. Renewable sources of energy can be applied to reduce the environmental footprint and satis...

Due to depletion of freshwater resources in arid and semi-arid regions accompanied with an increase in water demand, the focus is on improving thermal desalination technologies such as multi effect distillation (MED) that are energy intensive. Undoubtedly, this technology plays an important role in generating high quantity of freshwater from saline...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process is progressively engaged in various industrial applications as a promising separation process in favour of classical methods. In this study, an earlier 1_dimensional distributed model of RO process, developed by the author, is used to simulate the transport phenomena of phenol removal. The proposed model represented the...

Desalination has become one of the obvious solutions for the global water crisis due to affording high-quality water from seawater and brackish water resources. As a result, there are continuing efforts being made to improve desalination technologies, especially the one producing high-quantity freshwater, i.e., thermal desalination. This improvemen...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has been universally employed for the production of potable water from brackish water resources. However, the RO process still operates at an elevated level of an energy consumption, in kWh per m3 of product water, due to the use of high-pressure pumps. In this study, an earlier steady-state operation model develope...

Multi Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) processes have been expansively explored for fresh water production from seawater resources. Interestingly, the performance indicators including energy consumption of different proposed arrangements of hybrid system of MED and RO processes have been analysed in a previous study by the same au...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process can be considered as one of the intensively used pioneering equipment for reusing wastewater of several applications. The recent study presented the development of an accurate model for predicting the dimethylphenol removal from wastewater via RO process. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was applied to carry out t...

Multieffect distillation with thermal vapour compression (MED–TVC) is one of the most attractive thermal desalination technologies for the production of freshwater. Several mathematical models were presented in the open literature to analyse the steady-state performance of such process. However, these models have several limitations and assumptions...

In recent times two or more desalination processes have been combined to form integrated systems that have been widely used to resolve the limitations of individual processes as well as producing high performance systems. In this regard, a simple integrated system of the Multi Effect Distillation (MED)/Thermal Vapour Compression (TVC) and Permeate...

The reverse osmosis (RO) process is one of the best desalination methods, using membranes to reject several impurities from seawater and brackish water. To systematically perceive the transport phenomena of solvent and solutes via the membrane texture, several mathematical models have been developed. To date, a large number of simulation and optimi...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has become one of the most widely utilised technologies for brackish water desalination for its capabilities of producing high-quality water. This paper emphasis on investigating the feasibility of implementing the retentate recycle design on the original design of an industrial medium-sized multistage and multi-pass sp...

The shortage of fresh water resources is a global problem which requires a prompt solution. Thus, the multi effect distillation (MED) was successfully used for the production of fresh water from seawater. Despite the use of MED desalination system extensively, the influence of the number of effects on the fresh water production cost has not been co...

Makeup products contain heavy metals in variable amounts. Oxidative stress, damage, and aging could happen due to exposure to heavy metals. This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation marker (malondialdehyde, MDA) in makeup and non-makeup users. 69 female students were sorted into two groups...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has been universally employed for the production of potable water from brackish water resources. However, the RO process still operates at an elevated level of an energy consumption, in kWh per m³ of product water, due to the use of high-pressure pumps. In this study, an earlier steady-state operation model develope...

Multi Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) processes have been expansively explored for fresh water production from seawater resources. Interestingly, the performance indicators including energy consumption of different proposed arrangements of hybrid system of MED and RO processes have been analysed in a previous study by the same au...

There is an increasing acknowledgement that the inevitable growth of population and industrialization necessitate an improvement of the associated seawater desalination technologies. This is due to a rapid growth of freshwater demand, especially in high capacity cities. Therefore, this study sought to present an adopted hybrid system of multi effec...

The Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has been expansively used in water treatment as a result of its low energy consumption compared to thermal distillation processes, leading to reduced overall water production cost. Evaluation and minimisation of energy consumption (expressed in kWh/m³ of fresh water production) in a medium-scale spiral wound brackis...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) can be considered as one of the most widely used technologies used to abate the existence of highly toxic compounds from wastewater. In this paper, a multilayer artificial neural network (MLANN) with Genetic Algorithm (GA) have been considered to build a comprehensive mathematical model, which can be used to predict the perform...

Reducing the cost of fresh water has always been a major concern in the desalination industry. A solar powered hybrid multi-effect distillation and reverse osmosis desalination plant (MED + RO)has been designed and optimised from an economical point of view in a previous work by the same authors. In the present study, the possibility of coupling th...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process is employed in several water desalination, wastewater treatment and food and beverage processing applications as an effective treatment method. In this paper, the efficiency of a proposed multi-stage retentate and permeate reprocessing design of RO process is investigated for the rejection of chlorophenol from wastewate...

Reverse Osmosis (RO) process can be considered as one of the most widely utilised technologies for brackish water desalination due to its capabilities of retaining salts and producing high-quality water. This paper focuses on the retentate recycle design of an industrial medium-sized spiral wound brackish water RO desalination plant (1200 m³/day) o...

The multi effect distillation (MED) process has been extensively used for seawater desalination as a prominent process to produce high quality freshwater. However, the impact of number of effects in the MED process-based seawater desalination on the fresh water production cost has not been critically evaluated in the literature. Therefore, the aim...

In this research, the effect of operating parameters on the fresh water production cost of hybrid Multi Effect Distillation (MED) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) system is investigated. To achieve this, an earlier comprehensive model developed by the authors for MED+RO system is combined with two full-scale cost models of MED and RO processes collected fr...

The successful use of Reverse Osmosis (RO) process has increased significantly in water desalination, water treatment and food processing applications. In this work, the economic feasibility of a multi-stage RO process including both retentate and permeate reprocessing for the removal of chlorophenol from wastewater is explored using simulation and...

Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most widely used technologies for wastewater treatment for the removal of toxic impurities, such as phenol and phenolic compounds from industrial effluents. In this research, the performance of multi-stage RO wastewater treatment system is evaluated for the removal of chlorophenol from