M.R.N. Ribeiro

• PhD
• Professor at Federal University of Espírito Santo

Transferring massive datasets in data-intensive science (DIS) systems often relies on physical WAN infrastructure for network connectivity. This infrastructure is typically provided by various National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), including ESnet, GÉANT, Internet2, and RNP. Studying these systems presents significant challenge due to th...

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have been attracting the attention of industry and academia alike for addressing issues raised by the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals (SDG) approved by the United Nations. However, the diversity and dynamics of present-day transportation scenarios are already very complex, turning the managemen...

Network Slicing (NS) has transformed the landscape of resource sharing in networks, offering flexibility to support services and applications with highly variable requirements in areas such as the next-generation 5G/6G mobile networks (NGMN), vehicular networks, industrial Internet of Things (IoT), and verticals. Although significant research and e...

The task of transferring massive data sets in Data-Intensive Science (DIS) systems, such as those generated from high energy experiments at CERN in Switzerland and France, and at the Sirius synchrotron light source in Brazil, often rely on physical WAN infrastructure for network connectivity that is provided by various National Research and Educati...

Over the last three decades, we have become more dependent on wireless connectivity to access services and applications from nearly anywhere. The overstated emergence of the all-encompassing fifth generation (5G) of mobile systems begs the question of the future of the new generation of IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) solutions. However, Wi-Fi has certain adva...

The purpose of this paper is twofold. The first is to show how to deploy routing protocols in the FABRIC national-scale testbed, presenting examples step-by-step from the perspective of a network researcher who needs to book a slice composed of a topology with multiple paths, diversity of links, nodes with specific network interfaces (shared or/and...

Network Slicing (NS) is an essential technique extensively used in 5G networks computing strategies, mobile edge computing, mobile cloud computing, and verticals like the Internet of Vehicles and industrial IoT, among others. NS is foreseen as one of the leading enablers for 6G futuristic and highly demanding applications since it allows the optimi...

Network Slicing (NS) is an essential technique extensively used in 5G networks computing strategies, mobile edge computing, mobile cloud computing, and verticals like the Internet of Vehicles and industrial IoT, among others. NS is foreseen as one of the leading enablers for 6G futuristic and highly demanding applications since it allows the optimi...

Este artigo propõe um ambiente virtual de experimentação de mecanismos de Engenharia de Tráfego para aplicações de Ciência de Dados Intensiva baseado na plataforma RARE/freeRtr, permitindo que experimentos complexos possam ser testados antes de serem transferidos para um testbed físico com switches programáveis P4. O estudo define os requisitos das...

In this chapter, we resume the discussion regarding the networking requirements of cloud robotics with a particular focus on the connectivity problem. We discuss enabling technologies for cloud robotics and how they can be used to fulfill communication requirements. When considering the use of robots indoors, besides guaranteeing acceptable QoS, as...

Modern networking technologies connect a multitude of different devices to cloud computing platforms, rendering commonplace the daily use of applications that would not exist otherwise given their demand for enormous quantities of processing and storage. Robotics also benefit from this concept and several robots are starting to use cloud-native fun...

In this concluding chapter, we summarize this book and the work hereby presented to discuss the implications of our research. We then offer our view regarding possible research directions that may arise in the cloud robotics field and how we believe that other techniques and technologies can be used to extend the functionalities of robotics systems...

The design of cloud robotics systems must carefully consider the requirements of network and cloud performance to maintain suitable levels of QoS for a given application. When offloading parts of a robot’s processing to the cloud, system performance and safety become highly dependent on the capacity of network and cloud technologies to fulfill a gi...

This chapter presents a methodology for cloud robotics implementation based on open-source software and commercial off-the-shelf devices. To validate our methodology, we present two use cases representing a set of common robotics tasks. In such use cases, most of the computation is carried out remotely and we perform a series of experiments to demo...

Despite the increasing popularity of the cloud robotics paradigm, the literature on the field still lacks a comprehensive analysis of several aspects of the technology. The adoption of common standards and frameworks is fundamental for the development of the field and to allow practical works to be reproduced and compared. In this Chapter, we consi...

Smart cities are based on complex systems that use legacy infrastructure and modern and intelligent solutions to achieve a highly efficient functioning of society in several verticals. In the context of road intersections, the main objective is to offer safe, efficient, and reliable mobility services for all agents involved in the physical space (i...

An Open Source routing platform that uses a disaggregated model fully populated with carrier-class implementation of network protocols is discussed here. FreeRouter's architecture allows portability from emulated to testbed experiments (and on different hardware targets) is briefly explained. In order to demonstrate its ease of use, installation an...

In this paper, we take the position of developers that need to deploy emerging programmable protocols (or services) with specific network requirements and want to know how to benefit from an open router platform and testbed infrastructure. Our focus is to exploit the PolKA lifecycle experience as a use case to figure out a balance between integrati...

Despite the increasing popularity of the cloud robotics paradigm, the literature on the field still lacks comprehensive analysis on several aspects of the technology. Therefore, the adoption of common standards and frameworks is fundamental for developing the field and allowing practical works to be reproduced and compared. This work presents a ROS...

Motivated by its high toxicity and presence on many industrial processes, in this work, a hydrogen sulphide (H2S) gas detector was developed. The construction of the device was accomplished by taking advantage of both silica optical fiber and the potentialities of gold nanoparticles, where the physics for the plasmon resonance on localized surface...

Computing performance and hardware integrity are tightly linked to adequate thermal management in datacenters. In addition, a large share of its electricity bills comes from cooling systems, so there is a pressing need for enhanced thermal management systems. This paper proposes a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) quasi-distributed sensing device as an alt...

The detection and identification of Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks remains a challenge in cloud/edge/fog computing environments. It usually requires network middleboxes, such as deep packet inspectors (DPI), for detection task mostly. But clouds and fogs have native powerful telemetry systems that are not yet fully exploited for DDoS...

Transmission of three-dimensional (3D) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals over red, green and blue (RGB) visible light communication (VLC) systems is proposed and experimentally validated. The novel 3D modulation format aims to overcome the different luminous response of RGB light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at the same driving cu...

Physical topologies are evolving from elementary survivable rings into complex mesh networks. Nevertheless, no topology model is known to provide an economic, systematic, and flexible interconnection paradigm for ensuring that those meshes bear resilience features. This paper argues that intrinsic resilience can be brought by twin graph topologies,...

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) ambitiously aims at shifting functionalities from proprietary hardware to commodity servers as well as providing a common platform for the consolidation of network management. In practice, however, network architects have not massively subscribed to NFV so far. One possible reason for the slow adoption of NFV i...

Due to its ubiquitous use, WiFi may play an essentialrole in providing indoor connectivity for the new real-timeservices in several 5G verticals. However, there are still pressingissues to be addressed, requiring new mobility managementschemes to guarantee reliable and low latency communications.In this paper, we propose a novel SDN-NFV based archi...

Physical topologies are evolving from elementary survivable rings into complex mesh networks. Nevertheless, no topology model is known to provide an economic, systematic, and flexible interconnection paradigm for ensuring that those meshes bear resilience features. This paper argues that intrinsic resilience can be brought by twin graph topologies,...

We report the development of an optimization approach for diaphragm-embedded optical fiber sensors, which was applied on the pressure, force and liquid level assessment using chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBGs) inscribed in cyclic transparent optical polymer (CYTOP) fibers. The inscription was performed using the plane-by-plane method with a femto...

This paper presents an analytical modeling to KAR (Key-for-Any-Route), an intra-domain resilient routing system in which edge-nodes set a route ID to select any existing route as an alternative to safely forward packets to their destination. KAR-enabled switches explore the existing routes by using special properties of Residue Number System as enc...

Real‐time and mission‐critical applications for Industry 4.0 demand fast and reliable communication. Therefore, knowing devices' location is essential, but GPS is of little use indoors, whereas electromagnetic impairments and interferences demand new approaches to ensure reliability. The challenges include real‐time feedback with end‐to‐end (E2E) l...

Current service function chaining (SFC) solutions are cumbersome adaptations of classic routing mechanisms, which lack flexibility and agility to cope with new dynamic services required by network functions virtualization (NFV). These SFC solutions require modification of forwarding tables in both physical and virtual elements in the path when upda...

Datacenter (DC) design has been moved towards the edge computing paradigm motivated by the need of bringing cloud resources closer to end users. However, the Software Defined Networking (SDN) architecture offers no clue to the design of Micro Datacenters (MDC) for meeting complex and stringent requirements from next generation 5G networks. This is...

As redes de Data Center, que precisam atender de forma dinâmica uma grande quantidade de fluxos com diferentes requisitos de serviço, necessitam de mecanismos de balanceamento de carga. Entretanto, as abordagens tradicionais de balanceamento de carga não permitem a completa utilização dos recursos de rede de forma simples, programável e escalável....

In this paper, we report the development of a portable energy-efficient interrogator (Perrogator) for wavelength-based optical sensors. The interrogator is based on a compact solution encompassing a white light source and the spectral convolution between the sensor and a tunable filter, which is acquired by a photodetector, where a microcontroller...

Fiber optic based liquid level sensors (FOLLSs) can work in harsh environments with inherent advantageous features that only optical fiber offers, such as intrinsic safety, resistance to chemical corrosion, immunity to electromagnetic interference, electric isolation, small size, lightweight sensing heads, high accuracy and resolution, easy multipl...

This paper presents the development of a single polymer diaphragm-based fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor for simultaneous measurement of pressure and temperature. The FBG response is analyzed through a transient model for heat conduction and the pressure is estimated with the diaphragm and FBG strain, where the frequency difference between temperat...

Data center networks need load balancing mechanisms to dynamically serve a large number of flows with different service requirements. However, traditional load-balancing approaches do not allow the full utilization of network resources in a simple, programmable, and scalable way. In this context, this paper proposes RDNA Balance that exploits eleph...

The detection of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks remains a challenge for the cloud environment, affecting a massive number of services and applications hosted by such virtualized infrastructures. Typically, in the literature, the detection of DoS attacks is performed solely by analyzing the traffic of packets in the network. This work advocates for...

One of the main challenges in network functions virtualization (NFV) is how to dynamically steer traffic flows through a set of service functions (SFs). Fig. 1(a) shows the embedding of a service function chaining (SFC) request in a NFV Infrastructure (NFVI). The overlay layer represents logical connections between virtual machines (VMs), while the...

Internet of things (IoT) devices heavily rely on wireless connectivity. There are intrinsic overlooked limitations such as reach, availability, security and safety vulnerabilities closely associated with wireless solutions. Wired connectivity is the alternative to tackle those issues, and optical fibers directly connecting IoT devices could provide...

Despite recent advancements on cloud-enabled and human-in-the-loop cyber-physical systems, there is still a lack of understanding of how infrastructure-related quality of service (QoS) issues affect user-perceived quality of experience (QoE). This work presents a pilot experiment over a cloud-enabled mobility assistive device providing a guidance s...

At the verge of the launch of the first commercial fifth generation (5G) system, trends in wireless and optical networks are proceeding toward increasingly dense deployments, supporting resilient interconnection for applications that carry higher and higher capacity and tighter latency requirements. These developments put increasing pressure on net...

A conjunctural analysis for 5G challenges and opportunities in Brazil is presented. The EU-Brazil initiatives to provide testbeds within the 5G ecosystem is discussed, focusing on an Industry 4.0 mobile cloud-robotics showcase from FUTEBOL project.

Measurement of torque or twist angle, and mechanical bending is important in several fields such as structural health monitoring, movement analysis, robotics instrumentation and mechanical systems in general. Several optical fiber sensors have been already proposed to measure these parameters separately. However, their high cost interrogation syste...

Datacenter (DC) design has been moved towards the edge computing paradigm motivated by the need of bringing cloud resources closer to end users. However, the Software Defined Networking (SDN) architecture offers no clue to the design of Micro Datacenters (MDC) for meeting complex and stringent requirements from next generation 5G networks. This is...

The 3D printing process is a flexible, automated, customizable and low cost fabrication process. Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) sensors can be embedded into 3D printed elements to obtain customized and low cost sensing elements. However, the material infill is an important printing parameter that may affect the FBG response on both temperature and str...

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensors have been applied to measure several parameters, such as pressure, vibration, liquid level, humidity, the concentration of chemical compounds, among others. An approach to measure parameters like liquid level, pressure and vibration are to embed the FBG on a diaphragm, which is generally made of a polymeric m...

Wireless networks have become in the last years a key enabling technology for cloud-enabled robots. Among those, the usage of WiFi is a first choice due to its almost ubiquitous use nowadays. However, WiFi suffers from crucial issues like spectrum interference, connectivity losses, long delay for client association and high latency handover. This w...

Cloud Computing environments require constant measurement and monitoring to ensure the proper functioning of the different applications hosted in the cloud. Questions such as "How to do this?", "What?" and "How to integrate application and cloud performance metrics?" are relevant aspects that need to be investigated. This paper presents a case stud...

The denial of service (DoS) or its distributed form (DDoS) attacks are among the most important business impacts nowadays, affecting service availability severely. Application Layer Denial of Service attacks exploit vulnerabilities in protocols and the main challenge in mitigating such attacks is due to the fact that attacker requests have the same...

Cloud Computing environments require constant measurement and monitoring to ensure the proper functioning of the different applications hosted in the cloud. Questions such as ``How to do this?'', ``What?'' and ``How to integrate application and cloud performance metrics?'' are relevant aspects that need to be investigated. This paper presents a cas...

This paper presents a pressure sensor based on Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) positioned between two oblong diaphragms. This particular shape is suitable for applications requiring a sensitive (i.e., large area diaphragms) and yet compact assembly of the optical sensor. However, the oblong diaphragm deformation mechanism suffers from an early saturation...

This paper proposed an inexpensive high contrast in-line micro-cavity interferometer for edge-filter strain and temperature interrogation of a fiber Bragg grating sensor. The simulation model is presented in order to describe the sensor behavior which strongly agrees with the experimental results with a mean error lower than 0.04%. The results show...

An open platform over OpenStack for control and management of experiments (O2CMF) for merging and adapting wireless and optical federated testbeds with proper cloud infrastructure is presented. TOSCA-enabled orchestration provides programmability for NFV experiments.

This paper proposes the recycling of poly (methyl methacrylate) plates, formerly used in LCD monitors to produce polymer optical fibers without cladding for sensor systems and a discussion about the fabrication process of the fiber cladding is briefly presented. After disassembling LCD monitors the acrylic plate is cleaned and submitted to an extru...

This paper proposes a fiber optic liquid level sensor system based on a silica fiber Bragg grating embedded into an epoxy resin diaphragm coupled to a temperature reference sensor, used to compensate the temperature cross-sensitivity for improving the liquid level measurement accuracy. The proposed system was tested in an industrial water tank with...

Fiber Bragg gratings are widely used optical fiber sensors for measuring temperature and/or mechanical strain. Nevertheless, the high cost of the interrogation systems is the most important drawback for their large commercial application. In this work, an in-line Fabry–Perot interferometer based edge filter is explored in the interrogation of fiber...

Emerging paradigms, such as Edge Computing, require the geographical distribution of small-scale data centers that will use Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) to provide new services with stringent demands related to throughput, latency, cost, innovation, and efficient orchestration. To tackle these demands, this paper proposes VirtPhy, a fully...

Gold nanoparticles (AuNP) exhibit particular plasmonic properties when stimulated by visible light, which makes them a promising tool to many applications in sensor technology and biomedical applications, especially when associated to sulfur-based compounds. Sulfur species form a great variety of self-assembled structures that cap AuNP and this int...

The interest in applying gold nanoparticles is principally based on their monodispersity. Therefore, the synthesis of monodisperse gold nanocrystals has a key role in designing nanomaterials for their specific application. However, it can represent a cutting edge for many labs, mainly because it requires a variety of complex techniques for properly...

Network latency is critical to the success of many highspeed, low-latency applications. RFC 2544 discusses and defines a set of tests that can be used to describe the performance characteristics of a network device. However, most of the available measurement tools cannot perform all the tests as described in this standard. As a novel approach, this...

We report an optical sensor based on the interference pattern created by an all-fiber Mach-Zehnder setup. This pattern is produced by the combination of the core and cladding modes that are excited on a fiber with reduced diameter fusion spliced to a single-mode fiber (SMF) with a 4 m core axial offset. Discrete measurements of refractive index and...

This paper proposes a sensor interrogation technique based on the analysis of the overall spectrum envelope of an in-line Mach–Zehnder interferometer structure with three different fibers. The interference pattern created by a level sensor of 120 mm was evaluated with both the traditional and the proposed interrogation techniques. The result shows...

This paper proposes, implements, and evaluates VirtPhy, a novel approach to build small-scale data centers network infrastructure for network functions virtualisation (NFV). VirtPhy is fully programmable to respond to NFV stringent demands related to throughput, latency, cost, rapid innovation, and efficient orchestration. An 8-node testbed demonst...

Currently, denial of service attacks (DoS – Denial of Service) use vulnerabilities in the application layer protocols. This paper proposes the use of selective strategies, using the advantages of separation of data plane and control, global view of the network, and the ability to redirect flow into the paradigm of Software Defined Networks offers,...

Network latency is critical to the success of many high-speed, low-latency applications. In this context, RFC 2544 discusses and defines a set of tests that may be used to describe the performance characteristics of a network device, but most of the available measurement tools cannot perform all the tests as described in this standard or represent...

To fulfill the emerging demands of mobile users, future networks need to support seamless connectivity. Flexible resource allocation that responds to dynamic trends of user demand and mobility can be achieved through dynamic backhauling that supports elastic routing to setup and teardown paths rapidly as users move and networks adapt. Fortunately,...

This paper proposes merging two interrogation techniques, namely, Incoherent Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry and Transmission-Reflection Analysis. The objective is improving the accuracy for detection and localization of the loss-inducing perturbation along the fiber. The mathematical formulation of our technique was analyzed in terms of the...

This article presents a corrosion resistant, maneuverable, and intrinsically safe fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based temperature optical sensor. Temperature monitoring is a critical activity for the oil and gas industry. It typically involves acquiring the desired parameters in a hazardous and corrosive environment. The use of polytetrafluoroethylene...

This paper proposes a portable and unobtrusive heart rate monitor based on fi�ber specklegram sensors. The proposed module uses the Raspberry Pi module to perform the image acquisition and the fi�ber specklegram sensor, which is based on multimode plastic optical fi�bers. The heart rate is obtained by welch power spectral density estimate and the h...

This paper proposes a portable and unobtrusive heart rate monitor based on fiber specklegram sensors. The proposed module uses the Raspberry Pi module to perform the image acquisition and the fiber specklegram sensor, which is based on multimode plastic optical fibers. The heart rate is obtained by welch power spectral density estimate and the hear...

Power consumption is becoming one of the most significant limitations while seeking new solutions to cope with the traffic demand increase. 100 Gbps optical transmission technology has the potential to accommodate upcoming traffic demands with improved figures for W/Gbps compared to previous generations. However, the adoption of such coarse-grained...

We report on the use of new biosensor that enable a surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor to detec VEGF in tissue extracts and cell lysates. This sensor consist of gold nanoparticles functionalized with antibodies anti-VEGF. To analyze the optical properties and their sensing ability was held optical absorption experiments in band plasmon resonanc...

Erratum to: PlasmonicsDOI 10.1007/s11468-015-9909-2In the original version of this paper, the captions of Figures 5, 6 and 7 are switched. The correct form is:Fig 5 - should be replaced by the caption of Fig. 7. It means: Caption Fig 5/correct form: Raman maps from Raman spectroscopy. 3D for gold nanoparticles a without sulfide and b with sulfide,...

A comprehensive data plane power consumption analysis of an OpenFlow 1.0 switch broken down into its design modules is presented, and KeyFlow as an alternative solution is proposed, since it eliminates a flow table lookup by reducing 53.7% of the overall power consumption.

This paper presents FlexForward, an approach for dynamically manage SDN data plane forwarding mechanisms. This feature leverages SDN flexibility in two aspects: (i) it provides a new management method, in which topological infrastructure requirements are satisfied by the most appropriate forwarding mechanism, residing in each managed network elemen...