Moukhli Abdelmajid

• Ingenieur
• Senior Researcher at Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique

The methodology is based on robust mathematical descriptors that can provide more accurate rapid and consistent shape description parameters.

The relative importance of seeds and pollen genes flow in olive’s varieties diversifica- tion and the somatic mutations accumulated during the history of the vegetative spread of olive’s varieties in the Mediterranean Basin are presented according to a parentage analysis approach. For cultivated olive trees, the new genotypes issued from cross be-...

Despite the socio-economic importance of olive oil and the need of olive breeding, genetic studies on agronomic traits are restricted to few biparental populations limiting the efficiency of QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) mapping strategy. Association mapping based on a diversified collection of olive germplasm can be proposed as a complementary str...

Abstract. In Morocco, wild olive (oleasters) seem to be the result of a long evolutionary history. It is therefore not surprising to note the extraordinary genetic diversity of these oleaster populations. This is the opposite situation with that of the cultivated olive tree which a single variety dominates in traditional old agroecosystems and in t...

. The use of the molecular markers (nuclear and chloroplastic microsatellites) allowed us to assert that the variety Picholine Morocaine (PM) is the result of a secondary diversification by successive crosses between domesticated introduced genotype from the Eastern Mediterranean with Local wild olive trees in Western Mediterranean Basin. PM variet...

Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partia...

Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partia...

Delineating chilling and forcing periods is one of the challenging topics in understanding how temperatures drive the timing of budburst and bloom in fruit tree species. Here, we investigated this question on olive trees, using flowering data collected over six years on 331 cultivars in the worldwide collection of Marrakech, Morocco. Using a Partia...

Phosphate sludge (PS) is an industrial by-product produced in huge quantities by the phosphate beneficiation plants in Morocco. In order to valorize this by-product, it was examined for its potential use as a soil fertilizer. The physicochemical properties, elemental and mineral content, morphological structure, and component stability of raw PS we...

Composting is now at the core of the environmental policy and the circular economy as one of the best options for recycling organic waste leading to a high-value final product. However, composting organic waste suffers from several drawbacks in the resulting product, such as insufficient maturity, unstable organic matter (OM), accumulation of phyto...

The isolation and identification of beneficial bacteria from the active phase of composting is considered to be a key bio-quality parameter for the assessment of the process. The aim of this work was the selection and identification of beneficial bacteria from a co-composting experiment of vegetable waste (VW), olive oil mill waste (O 2 MW), and ph...

Food waste was composted with three additives consisting of phosphate sludge, green waste, and olive mill waste to produce a stable compost. To determine the stability for agricultural utilization, the compost maturity was evaluated using physic-chemical parameters. The temperature of treated composts remained high in the first month of composting....

Human activities increase in ecosystems, and cropping systems are more and more intensified. In Morocco, the development of an intensive agriculture in the "Morocco Green Plan" will necessarily induce the emergence of plant diseases, including plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN). Their management is a major challenge in agriculture. On the olive tree,...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to have been sought in the sludge of phosphates and various plant species of the region of Khouribga (Morocco). The density of spores of mycorrhizal fungi in phosphates sludge is low, ranging from 43 and 4 spores / 100 g soil. Some species are specific, case of Glomus aureum encountered at the level of the 1.5 basin; wh...

During the phosphate beneficiation by a chain of treatment processes, the phosphate sludge rejected with huge quantities and spread in arable land. The composting is a promising way to enhance the agronomic value of the phosphate sludge, for this reason, our objective in this study is to investigate the potential of the phosphate sludge taken from...

During the excavations of a Roman amphora workshop and oil mill of the 1st–4th century ad in Las Delicias, Genil valley, Ecija, Spain, large quantities of charred olive stones were recovered. The assemblages discovered in the pottery kilns demonstrate the use as fuel of olive residues, which were obtained from the extraction of the oil in the nearb...

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are key impediments to efficient global crop production and impair the quality of susceptible plants in nurseries as well. In this context, nematode communities were determined in 305 solid substrate samples collected from 25 olive (Olea. europaea. subsp. europaea) nurseries in Morocco. Taxonomical and functional div...

Endomycorrhizal inoculum, consisting of more than 26 mycorrhizal species, has been followed over time at the rhizosphere of olive trees. The evolution during time of this endomycorrhizal inoculum at the rhizosphere of plants has been discussed in this study. After 42 months, 45 species were isolated from the rhizosphere of inoculated olive plants....

La picholine marocaine (Olea europea L.) représente plus de 80% de l'oléiculture au Maroc. Cette variété présente plusieurs avantages mais elle se révèle sensible à de nombreuses maladies dont la verticilliose. L'objectif de ce travail est d'étudier l'effet de deux types d'inoculum endomycorhizien, un inoculum autochtone (baptisé Rhizolive) et un i...

Plant-parasitic nematodes are major pests in agriculture. Microbial antagonists such as nematophagous fungi are of great interest for developing alternative biocontrol strategies to replace nematicide use. This study aims to isolate, identify and assess the diversity and the in vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi from various olive nurs...

This paper is accessible for reading on line at this adress: http://rdcu.be/rsrL Abstract: This paper analyzes sociohistorical and biological factors that shape olive–oleaster agroecosystems (hereafter OOAs), in northern Morocco and their continuing roles in olive domestication, diversification and food security. Forests are cleared and oleasters...

This study was carried out in a nursery to evaluate the impact of mycorrhizal fungi on the cutting's root growth, and root colonization of a Moroccan olive variety 'Picholine Marocaine' under greenhouse conditions during 2 years of cultivation. The results revealed that the inoculation with a composite inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)...

Background Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are major crop pests. On olive (Olea europaea), they significantly contribute to economic losses in the top-ten olive producing countries in the world especially in nurseries and under cropping intensification. The diversity and the structure of PPN communities respond to environmental and anthropogenic fo...

The olive (Olea europaea L.) is a typical important perennial crop species for which the genetic determination and even functionality of self-incompatibility (SI) are still largely unresolved. It is still not known whether SI is under gametophytic or sporophytic genetic control, yet fruit production in orchards depends critically on successful ovul...

As one of the most important and ancient fruit crops in the Mediterranean Basin, olive is characterized by a huge genetic patrimony, represented by cultivated and wild germplasm, ancient trees and related forms. The richness of this germplasm represents an unusual case among horticultural crops, due to species longevity, lack of new better performi...

The work presented here aims to establish, from the bibliography, inventory of endomycorrhizal species reported in the rhizosphere of the date palm. 89 fungal species have been reported across the world (Egypt, Oman Soltanat, Soutern Arabia, India, London, and the Arabian Peninsula). Morocco is represented by 29 species, reported in the regions of...

Ce numéro propose une relecture de la place de l’oléiculture dans l’histoire de l’Ouest méditerranéen et plus particulièrement le Maroc. L’olivier y est considéré comme un modèle des relations sociales et environnementales : la distribution de la diversité génétique, les flux de gènes entre oliviers et oléastres, ou l’équilibre entre les variétés l...

The study aims to evaluate the population nematode levels and to isolate, identify and assess the in Vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi isolated in 25 commercial olive nurseries across five regions in Morocco .

Ecology and genetics of nematode communities

Ecology and genetics of nematode communities

Twenty six endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of two olive varieties (Haouzia and Dahbia) after thirty months from their inoculation with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum. All of these species were described basing on their morphological characters. Glomus mosseae was the dominant species with an appearance frequency of...

Twenty six endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of two olive varieties (Haouzia and Dahbia) after thirty months from their inoculation with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum. All of these species were described basing on their morphological characters. Glomus mosseae was the dominant species with an appearance frequency of...

Twenty six endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of two olive varieties (Haouzia and Dahbia) after thirty months from their inoculation with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum. All of these species were described basing on their morphological characters. Glomus mosseae was the dominant species with an appearance frequency of...

Twenty six endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of two olive varieties (Haouzia and Dahbia) after thirty months from their inoculation with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum. All of these species were described basing on their morphological characters. Glomus mosseae was the dominant species with an appearance frequency of...

Twenty six endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of two olive varieties (Haouzia and Dahbia) after thirty months from their inoculation with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum. All of these species were described basing on their morphological characters. Glomus mosseae was the dominant species with an appearance frequency of...

The effect of endomycorrhizae (AMF) and strain of Trichoderma harzianum Tcomp was tested on the growth of tomato and eggplant plants against Fusarium wilt caused by the strain FA5 of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis isolated from the date-palm plants attacked by bayoud. The agronomic parameters of tomato plants co-inoculated with AMF and Tcomp ar...

Surveys, conducted in the palm groves of Tafilalet and Zagora, allowed to isolate a large number of F. oxysporum f sp. albedinis isolates from the roots and wilted palms. In the bibliography, this pathogen is specifically subservient to the date palm, but cannot induce disease to associated species. In this study, the variability of the pathogenici...

UMR AGAP - équipe AFEF - Architecture et fonctionnement des espèces fruitières

This study aims to understand the past and present diversity of olive trees in Greece, according to the shape of modern and archaeological stones from various sites. It is based on a modern set of reference, which includes cultivars and wild populations from Greece and other countries around the Mediterranean Sea where olives trees grow spontaneous...

Olive’s weight, stone’s weight, pulp’s weight and the pulp/stone ratio, are four pomological traits likely linked to the domestication history of the olive tree. The aim of this work is to examine the variability and to assess the heritability of these traits in order to study their genetic determinism. The experimental design used was a core colle...

A total of 591 olive accessions from the world olive collection of Marrakech was characterized in 2014 and 2015 for flowering phenology including stages such as: inflorescence buds start to swell, development of inflorescences, flower opening, full flowering, full petal fall, end of flowering and fruit set. Degree days of flowering stages 51 to 69...

Mousadik, 2015. Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with olive tree in Southern Morocco. Int. J. Agric. Biol., Abstract Plant-parasitic nematodes affect significantly the production of susceptible plants, including olive trees. In this context, nematode communities were determined in soil samples collected from 23 olive growing sites in the Haouz...

All the endomycorrhizal species associated to the olive tree in the world were listed in this bibliographic inventory. Fifty endomycorrhizal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of the olive tree; the majority of them were encountered in Spain (21 species), followed by Morocco (20 species) and Italy (15 species). The lowest spore's number was...

The relative importance of seeds and pollen genes flow in olive’s varieties diversification and the somatic mutations accumulated during the history of the vegetative spread of olive’s varieties in the Mediterranean Basin are presented according to a parentage analysis approach. For cultivated olive trees, the new genotypes issued from cross betwee...

Ce numéro propose une relecture de la place de l’oléiculture dans l’histoire de l’Ouest méditerranéen et plus particulièrement le Maroc. L’olivier y est considéré comme un modèle des relations sociales et environnementales : la distribution de la diversité génétique, les flux de gènes entre oliviers et oléastres, ou l’équilibre entre les variétés l...

The objective of the present work is to study the effect of Trichoderma harzianum and the composite endomycorrhizal inoculums (Myc) on the suppression of the Fusarium wilt of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis. Plants of two date palm varieties, Majhoul (M) and Boufeggous (B), inoculated with Trichoderma ha...

The dual inoculation with endomycorrhizae and Trichoderma harzianum had a significant effect on the growth of date palm plants. In fact, the average values of aerial fresh weight (38.99g), number of leaves (6.7), the plant length (38cm), and the stem diameter (1.2 cm) of the plant inoculated with AMF and Trichoderma harzianum, were higher than thos...

Objectives Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are everywhere present in communities. Community patterns are used as bio-indicators for plant-production. But at the same time, plant-parasitic nematodes are one of the main biotic stresses on crops. Then, considering the new cultivation programs pushing olive production with high technologies in Morocco...

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) affect significantly the production of susceptible plants, including olive tree (Olea europaea) in the ten-top olive producing countries in the world, especially in the Mediterranean basin (Spain, Italy, Greece, Tunisia, and Morocco). Moreover, these parasites strongly affect young olive trees in nurseries and contri...

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) significantly contribute to economic losses in the top-ten olive producing countries, especially in the Mediterranean basin. Instead of controlling the main pathogenic nematode species as usual, one innovative strategy to control PPN would be to manage diversity in communities in order to lead them to be less pathoge...

PESTOLIVE (Contribution of olive history for the management of soil-borne parasites in the Mediterranean Basin) is a project funded by ARIMNet, an ERANET action supported by the 7th European Framework Programme and by non-European Mediterranean countries. PESTOLIVE aims at producing knowledge and tools for a new and efficient management of plant-pa...

The olive tree can be attacked by different fungal pathogens those attack different tree parts (roots, stem, leaves, flowers and fruits). In this study, all the olive tree fungal pathogens in the world were listed. 124 fungal pathogens were listed in this work, the majority of the olive fungal pathogens were encountered in Europe with 83 species, m...

Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly contribute to economic losses in the ten top olive producing countries in the world, especially in the Mediterranean basin (Spain, Italy, Greece, Tunisia, and Morocco). Diversity and structures of plant-parasitic nematode communities respond to evolutionary, environmental and anthropogenic forces. Instead of...

Pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Cladosporium sp. and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from olive fruits was studied by inoculating olive fruits and leaves. Three techniques were used to inoculate the fruits (mycelial plug on the intact and the injured olives and by injecting them with the spore's suspension) and tw...

Haouzia and Dahbia Olive plants were inoculated with Phytophthora palmivora and Verticillium dahliae with two inoculation techniques. These two species were respectively isolated from Souk El Arbaa and Meknes. Both of V. dahliae and P. palmivora provoke defoliation and decline symptoms with a difference on the period of incubation. Using Technique...

Inoculation of olive plants with a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum showed a good installation of mycorrhizal symbiosis on the inoculated plants. Root fresh weight, aerial weight, aerial height, stem diameter and branch number were respectively 1066 and 950 g, 422.8 and 460 g, 103.8 and 102.4 cm, 3.06 and 2.52 cm, 57.2 and 59.6 for both of the my...

A study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of date palm was conducted in the palm groves of Tafilalet and Zagora (southeastern Morocco). The parameters considered are the root colonization of date palm, spore density and species richness. The average frequencies and intensities of colonization are 66% and 7.34% respectively. The spo...

Plant-parasitic nematodes affect significantly the production of susceptible plants, including olive trees. Knowing that plant production depends on parasite diversity, more information about plant-parasitic nematode communities and about interactions with their habitat is a prerequisite for the development of any control strategy. In this context,...

Surveys were realized in the nurseries of Sidi Taibi (national way Kénitra-Rabat) and in the olive tree field of Meknes, Marrakech (Azouzia, Aataouia, Ait Aourir, Sraghna, Tamnsourt, Jaidate, Tassaout…), Ouazzane, Sefrou, Kenitra and Souk Larbaa during the spring of the year 2012 to the summer 2013. 22 fungal species associated to the vegetative pa...

Trichoderma harzianum and a composite endomycorrhizal inoculum were tested in vivo for their antagonistic activity against Verticillium dahliae causing tomato vascular wilt in Morocco. This dual inoculation had a positive effect on the growth of tomato seedlings compared to control; height (42.7/31.3 cm), stem diameter (0.9/0.7 g), flowers number (...

Pestalotia fici was isolated from the leaves of the olive plants nurseries (Dahbia variety) existed in Sidi Taibi and from the olive trees in the region of Al Gharb (Moroccan Picholine variety). Koch´s postulate was verified by inoculating healthy Dahbia and Haouzia olive leaves. This species was used to inoculate healthy Picholine olive fruits and...

Phytophthora palmivora, causative agent of olive wilting was searched during the spring 2012 and summer 2013 in different olive-growing regions of Morocco: Meknès, Souk Larbaa, Kénitra, Sefrou, Ouazzane, Marrakech (Azouzia, Aataouia, Ait Aourir, Sraghna, Tamnsourt, Jaidate, Tassaout…) and in the nurseries of Sidi Taibi. It was isolated from the roo...

In order to study the role of phenolic metabolism in the defense of the olive-tree against Spilocaea oleagina, three defense components: soluble phenols, parietal phenols, lignin and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), were studied in two different varieties: a resistant (Picholine du Languedoc) and a susceptible (Moroccan Picholine). The inoculatio...

Dans ce travail, nous apportons un nouvel éclairage sur l’initiation de l’oléiculture au Maroc en interrogeant les processus de diversification et les origines de la variété Picholine marocaine et nous proposons un scénario sur la reconstitution de la diffusion de cette variété dans le temps et dans l’espace. Notre approche est basée sur des études...

Background and AimsThe olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea) was domesticated in the Mediterranean area but its wild relatives are distributed over three continents, from the Mediterranean basin to South Africa and south-western Asia. Recent studies suggested that this crop originated in the Levant while a secondary diversification occurred in most...

Phenotypic characterisation of germplasm collections is a decisive step towards association mapping analyses, but it is particularly expensive and tedious for woody perennial plant species. Characterisation could be more efficient if focused on a reasonably sized subset of accessions, or so-called core collection (CC), reflecting the geographic ori...

Plot of ad-hoc ΔK measurements and coefficients of similarity (H′) for K between 2 and 7. Arrows indicate the best genetic structure model for both core collections and OWGB Marrakech. According to both parameters, i.e. ΔK and H′, the best genetic structure model was not stable, while it is defined at K = 3 in Marrakech OWGB, indicating the absence...

Maximizing average Cavalli-Sforza & Edwards genetic distance (DCE) and allelic coverage (Cv). Values of DCE and Cv were maximized simultaneously with respect to a weight assigned to each measure. The Core Hunter program was run independently for 10 different weight values assigned to DCE and Cv measures; (1) When a weight of 100% was assigned to Cv...

Three different levels proposed for core collections. Level 1 (L1) represents the primary core collection (CC50), which includes the 40 entries selected using the “Sh strategy” implemented in Core Hunter program at 8%, two varieties carrying the two missing cpDNA haplotypes, and 8 non-selected reference varieties among the 14. Level 2 includes acce...

List of 502 genotypes used in the present study classified according to distinct genotypes (SSR profiles), origin, maternal lineage and inferred ancestry (Q matrix) at K = 3 clusters. (XLS)

Protocols of nuclear and chloroplast loci analyses. (DOC)

Genetic analysis of OWGB Marrakech. (DOC)

Inferred structure for K = 5 clusters within OWGB Marrakech, CC50, and CC94 core collections. H′ represents the similarity coefficient between runs, and ΔK represents the ad-hoc measure of Evanno et al. [84]. No consistency was observed in genetic structures based on more than three clusters. (TIF)

List of traits, number of trait classes according to standards described by the International Olive Oil Council, and number of varieties with available phenotypic data. The number of varieties differed according to traits indicates that there was missing data, and that not all varieties were completely characterized with the 72 phenotypic traits. (...

Genetic parameters of core subsets sampled using four different strategies with the ASLS method at four sample sizes, i.e. 4, 8, 24, and 32%. The CC2-40 core subset (in bold) was chosen as the optimal to construct final core collections. (DOC)

List of 200 core collections with a 94 sample size (CC94) generated with Mstrat using the core collection of 50 entries as a kernel (CC50). (x) Corresponds to the presence of the accession in the core collection concerned. The CC level column indicates the level of the core collection as shown in Figure S2. No differences between the 200 cores were...

In spring of 2012, olive-trees with crown dieback, root rot and defoliation were observed in two years old olive tree in commercial plantations of tree nurseries in Sidi Taibi and in twenty to fifty years old field trees in Souk El Arbaa ol- ive crops in Northwest of Morocco (Gharb area). The objec- tive of this study was to isolate the responsible...

In order to study the role of phenolic metabolism in the defense of the olive-tree against Spilocaea oleagina, three defense components: soluble phenols, parietal phenols, lignin and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), were studied in two different varieties: a resistant (Picholine du Languedoc) and a susceptible (Moroccan Picholine). The inoculatio...