Moradkhani Hamid

Moradkhani Hamid
University of Alabama | UA · Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering

Ph.D., P.E., F.AGU, F.ASCE, F.EWRI

About

300
Publications
96,039
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13,850
Citations

Publications

Publications (300)
Article
Full-text available
Climate change is expected to have severe impacts on natural systems as well as various socio-economic aspects of human life. This has urged scientific communities to improve the understanding of future climate and reduce the uncertainties associated with projections. In the present study, ten statistically downscaled CMIP5 GCMs at 1/16th deg. spat...
Article
In order to improve drought forecasting skill, this study develops a probabilistic drought forecasting framework comprised of dynamical and statistical modeling components. The novelty of this study is to seek the use of data assimilation to quantify initial condition uncertainty with the Monte Carlo ensemble members, rather than relying entirely o...
Article
Ten precipitation indices recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices were used to analyse spatial distribution and temporal changes in annual amount, intensity, frequency and duration of precipitation statistics based on daily data with a focus on extremes in Finland during 1961–2011. Also, the connections between these...
Article
Recently, ensemble post-processing (EPP) has become a commonly used approach for reducing the uncertainty in forcing data and hence hydrologic simulation. The procedure was introduced to build ensemble precipitation forecasts based on the statistical relationship between observations and forecasts. More specifically, the approach relies on a transf...
Chapter
Application of remote sensing is emerging for operational drought monitoring and early warning as it offers opportunities for assessing drought from different perspectives. This chapter provides an overview of the advances in monitoring different types of drought using satellite remote sensing observations with an example on agricultural drought as...
Article
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High quality baseflow data is important for advancing water resources modeling and management, as it captures the critical role of groundwater and delayed sources in contributing to streamflow. Baseflow is the main recharge source of runoff during the dry period, particularly in understanding the interaction between surface water and groundwater sy...
Article
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Prediction of the rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) is crucial for improving disaster preparedness against storm hazards. These events can cause extensive damage to coastal areas if occurring close to landfall. Available models struggle to provide accurate RI estimates due to the complexity of underlying physical mechanisms. Thi...
Article
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Responding to the challenges of societal transformation in the face of climate change, efforts to integrate behaviorally rich models of adaptation decision-making into large-scale macroeconomic and Earth system models are growing and agent-based models (ABMs) are an effective tool for doing so. However, behavioral richness in ABMs has been limited...
Article
Compound floods may happen in low-lying estuarine environments when sea level above normal tide co-occurs with high river flow. Thus, comprehensive flood risk assessments for estuaries should not only account for the individual hazard arising from each environmental variable in isolation, but also for the case of bivariate hazard. Characterization...
Article
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Traditional time series forecasting methods applied to long time series and multivariate data often ignore the importance of features and the causal relationships between predictors and predictands. Recent studies have shown that the Informer deep neural model, as one of the variants of the transformer, offers advantages in dealing with long sequen...
Article
Farmers have time and again adopted new methods or technologies. However, recent increases in global temperatures and occurrences of extreme weather events, call for an urgency to address and reduce the risks associated with climate change. Irrigation is a key adaptation that reduces crop heat stress and enhances agricultural production. Alabama is...
Article
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In hydrology, a fundamental task involves enhancing the predictive power of a model in ungagged basins by transferring information on physical attributes and hydroclimate dynamics from gauged basins. Introducing an integrated nonlinear clustering framework, this study aims to develop a comprehensive framework that augments predictive performance in...
Preprint
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The Hybrid Ensemble and Variational Data Assimilation framework for Environmental Systems (HEAVEN) is a method developed to enhance hydrologic model predictions while accounting for different sources of uncertainties involved in various layers of model simulations. While the effectiveness of this data assimilation in forecasting streamflow have bee...
Article
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Vegetation‐related processes, such as evapotranspiration (ET), irrigation water withdrawal, and groundwater recharge, are influencing surface water (SW)—groundwater (GW) interaction in irrigation districts. Meanwhile, conventional numerical models of SW‐GW interaction are not developed based on satellite‐based observations of vegetation indices. In...
Article
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The global increase in urban flooding presents a substantial challenge that affects communities across the globe. This study introduces a post-flood inundation modeling framework tailored to pluvial floods on a metropolitan scale. We employ a dual drainage modeling approach for enhanced accuracy. The framework comprises two primary components: a St...
Article
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Tropical cyclones can rapidly intensify under favorable oceanic and atmospheric conditions. This phenomenon is complex and difficult to predict, making it a serious challenge for coastal communities. A key contributing factor to the intensification process is the presence of prolonged high sea surface temperatures, also known as marine heatwaves. H...
Article
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Accurate prediction and assessment of extreme flood events are crucial for effective disaster preparedness, response, and mitigation strategies. One crucial factor influencing the intensity and magnitude of extreme flood events is precipitation. Precipitation patterns, particularly during intense weather phenomena such as hurricanes, can play a sig...
Article
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Drought, a potent natural climatic phenomenon, significantly challenges hydropower systems, bearing adverse consequences for economies, societies, and the environment. This study delves into the profound impact of drought on hydropower generation (HG) in the United States, revealing a robust correlation between hydrologic drought and hydroelectrici...
Preprint
Flood risk assessment is primarily performed by a single flood driver at a specific location. A significant flaw in this approach is the oversight of the nonlinear interactions between various flood drivers (e.g., river flooding, tides, storm surges, and fluvial regimes), potentially resulting in compound flooding. This oversight can lead to undere...
Article
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Hydrology plays a crucial role in understanding Earth's intricate water system and addressing water‐related problems, including against the backdrop of ongoing climate change. A retrospective review of the evolution of hydrology up to the current state of research is of great importance for understanding this role. While there have been some quanti...
Article
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Compound flood (CF) modeling enables the simulation of nonlinear water level dynamics in which concurrent or successive flood drivers synergize, producing larger impacts than those from individual drivers. However, CF modeling is subject to four main sources of uncertainty: (i) the initial condition, (ii) the forcing (or boundary) conditions, (iii)...
Preprint
The notion of convergent and transdisciplinary integration, which is about braiding together different knowledge systems, is becoming the mantra of numerous initiatives aimed at tackling pressing water challenges. Yet, the transition from rhetoric to actual implementation is impeded by incongruence in semantics, methodologies, and discourse among d...
Article
As coastal regions face escalating risks from flooding in a changing climate, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have garnered attention as promising adaptation measures to mitigate the destructive impacts of coastal flooding. However, the challenge of compound flooding, which involves the combined effects of multiple flood drivers, demands a deeper unde...
Article
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Sea level rise (SLR) affects coastal flood regimes and poses serious challenges to flood risk management, particularly on ungauged coasts. To address the challenge of monitoring SLR at local scales, we propose a high tide flood (HTF) thresholding system that leverages machine learning (ML) techniques to estimate SLR and HTF thresholds at a relative...
Article
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Droughts are among the most devastating natural hazards, occurring in all regions with different climate conditions. The impacts of droughts result in significant damages annually around the world. While drought is generally described as a slow‐developing hazardous event, a rapidly developing type of drought, the so‐called flash drought has been re...
Article
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Brought on by anthropogenic actions, accelerated soil erosion inflicts extreme changes in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. These field-scale (30 m) changes have neither been fully surveyed in the present, nor predicted for a probable future. Water-driven soil erosion (i.e., sheet and rill erosion) rates across the contiguous United States were e...
Article
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Machine learning (ML) models, particularly decision tree (DT)-based algorithms, are being increasingly utilized for flood susceptibility mapping. To evaluate the advantages of DT-based ML models over traditional statistical models on flood susceptibility assessment, a comparative study is needed to systematically compare the performances of DT- bas...
Article
Frequency analysis of extreme storm surge is crucial for coastal flood risk assessments. To date, such analyses are based on traditional extreme value theory (EVT) and its associated generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution. The metastatistical extreme value distribution (MEVD) provides a new approach that can alleviate limitations of EVT. This...
Article
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Sea‐level rise (SLR) increasingly threatens coastal communities around the world. However, not all coastal communities are equally threatened, and realistic estimation of hazard is difficult. Understanding SLR impacts on extreme sea level is challenging due to interactions between multiple tidal and non‐tidal flood drivers. We here use global hourl...
Preprint
Full-text available
Accurate prediction and assessment of extreme flood events are crucial for effective disaster preparedness, response, and mitigation strategies. One crucial factor influencing the intensity and magnitude of extreme flood events is precipitation. Precipitation patterns, particularly during intense weather phenomena such as hurricanes, can play a sig...
Preprint
Full-text available
Compound flood (CF) modeling enables the simulation of nonlinear water level dynamics in which concurrent or successive flood drivers synergize, producing larger impacts than those from individual drivers. CF modeling is yet subject to four main sources of uncertainty including (i) initial condition, (ii) forcing (or boundary) conditions, (iii) mod...
Article
Full-text available
Extreme sea levels impact coastal society, property, and the environment. Various mitigation measures are engineered to reduce these impacts, which require extreme event probabilities typically estimated site-by-site. The site-by-site estimates usually have high uncertainty, are conditionally independent, and do not provide estimates for ungauged l...
Article
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Hurricanes associated with strong winds and heavy rainfall, significantly impact lives and property globally. Traditional approaches focusing only on wind speed lack a comprehensive assessment of potential impacts. Here, we present an innovative method for generating real-time dynamic bivariate hazard assessments for hurricanes, with a specific foc...
Article
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Plain Language Summary Many regions have suffered greatly from recent occurrences of abrupt shift from drought to downpour, suggesting that the emerging threat is a global challenge. Such drought‐to‐downpour events pose challenges to water infrastructures in developed countries, let alone those poor countries with limited adaptation capacity and re...
Article
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Plain Language Summary In recent decades, there has been a notable increase in climate‐related disasters, highlighting the need for proactive measures. One specific concern is the potential for tropical cyclones (TCs) to create compound flood risks by triggering multiple drivers that lead to flooding. Typically, we rely on synthetic scenarios to as...
Article
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The emergence of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has garnered significant attention, particularly in academic and scientific circles. Researchers, scientists, and instructors hold varying perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of using ChatGPT for research and teaching purposes. This commentary offers a brief explanation of...
Article
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The southeastern United States has been identified as a region with high physical and social vulnerability to climate change and coastal hazards such as hurricanes and floods (Emrich and Cutter, 2011). The effects of these hazards are only expected to increase over time under climate change, so it is vital that the risk information is adequately co...
Article
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The global increase in the frequency, intensity, and adverse impacts of natural hazards on societies and economies necessitates comprehensive vulnerability assessments at regional to national scales. Despite considerable research conducted on this subject, current vulnerability and risk assessments are implemented at relatively coarse resolution, a...
Article
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Design of coastal defense structures like seawalls and breakwaters can no longer be based on stationarity assumption. In many parts of the world, an anticipated sea‐level rise (SLR) due to climate change will constitute present‐day extreme sea levels inappropriate for future coastal flood risk assessments since it will significantly increase their...
Article
To enhance flood modeling, it is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of the causative mechanisms and cutting-edge models and tools, while also acknowledging their uncertainties.
Article
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formation about the event. Here, we investigate the public response to large and destructive hur-ricane Ian in late September 2022 by examining the textual content of tweets shared on Twitteracross the contiguous United States (CONUS). We mined and processed over twenty milliontweets for discovering the main topics of discussion and relationship be...
Article
Knowledge of the frequency of extreme sea levels informs construction of coastal defenses, flood insurance policies, and strategic coastal adaptation plans. In the midst of climate change, and particularly of intensifying and/or more frequent storms around the globe, accurate information about the frequency and magnitude of extreme storm surge beco...
Article
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Over the past decades, the scientific community has made significant efforts to simulate flooding conditions using a variety of complex physically based models. Despite all advances, these models still fall short in accuracy and reliability and are often considered computationally intensive to be fully operational. This could be attributed to insuf...
Article
Coastal regions such as the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts are highly vulnerable to extreme coastal hazards such as tropical cyclones and major hurricanes. The effects of these hazards pose a threat now and are expected to increase in the future, which highlights the need for coastal communities to receive and understand information regarding risks...
Article
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Flooding is one of the most notorious natural disasters that adversely impact people's lives, and damages their properties. To properly simulate the flood waves, two-dimensional hydrodynamic models herein referred to as flood inundation models are widely used. These models apply conservation of mass and momentum principles to the riverine systems a...
Article
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The agricultural water market (or water trade) is an effective water resource management tool to redistribute water from low-value to high-value agricultural farms. Water markets can play an important role in reducing the economic losses attributed to droughts by increasing flexibility in responding to water scarcity. Climate change has increased t...
Article
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During natural disasters, there is a noticeably increased use of social media sites such as Twitter. Substantial research on social media data use during disasters has been conducted in the past decade since various social media platforms have emerged and gained popularity. This research highlights a thorough examination of the textual content of u...
Article
Flooding is one of the most frequent and disastrous natural hazards triggered by extreme precipitation, high river runoff, hurricane storm surges, and compounding effects of various flood drivers. This study introduces a new multi-source remote sensing approach that leverages both multi-spectral optical imagery and the weather- and illumination-ind...
Article
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Precipitation intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves play a crucial role in the design and planning of urban infrastructure to reduce the risk of urban flooding and rainfall‐triggered landslides. However, changing rainfall characteristics in a warming climate render conventional IDF curves inappropriate due to the statistical assumption of stati...
Article
The current study proposes a new method to downscale the monthly GRACE-derived Terrestrial Water Storage Anomaly (TWSA) to 10 km spatial resolution over Iran using deep learning methods. First, the growing neural gas (GNG) method is utilized to cluster the TWSA data to find similar patterns. The Silhouette Chou Davies (SCD) validity measure, a comb...
Article
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This perspective discusses the importance of characterizing, quantifying, and accounting for various sources of uncertainties involved in different layers of Hydrometeorological and Hydrodynamic model simulations as well as their complex interactions and cascading effects (e.g., uncertainty propagation) in forecasting Compound Flooding (CF). Over t...
Article
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Maritime transportation is crucial to national economic development as it offers a low-cost, safe, and efficient alternative for movement of freight compared to its land or air counterparts. River and channel dredging protocols are often adopted in many ports and harbors of the world to meet the increasing demand for freight and ensure safe passage...