Monja Knoll

• University of Edinburgh

Background: This study aimed to examine veterinarians' experiences of treating cases of nonaccidental injury and other forms of animal abuse and to assess their support needs and barriers to reporting cases. Methods: An online questionnaire was completed by 215 veterinarians. The survey included items on demographics and veterinary experience, e...

This study evaluated the effectiveness of a Scottish SPCA animal welfare education intervention, “Rabbit Rescuers,” on 5- to 7-year-old children’s belief in animal minds, rabbit welfare knowledge, attitudes toward cruelty, and attachment to pets. “Rabbit Rescuers” was a one-week intervention comprising daily 15-min rabbit welfare activities deliver...

In this paper we examined the impact of the quality of teacher-student relationships at age 10 on young people's delinquency at ages 13, 15, and 17 utilizing propensity-score matching. The young people were matched based on 105 characteristics, measured at ages 7 to 10. The sample comprised 1483 (49.4% female) adolescents representing around 80 dif...

In this paper we examined the impact of the quality of teacher-student relationships at age 10 on young people’s delinquency at ages 13, 15, and 17 utilizing propensity-score matching. The young people were matched based on 105 characteristics, measured at ages 7 to 10. The sample comprised 1483 (49.4% female) adolescents representing around 80 dif...

Research into parental homework-related experiences has predominantly focused on parental attitudes to homework. This research has shown that parental attitudes can affect the formation of attitudes in children and subsequently their academic success. Most research has focused on a secondary school context, but there is still a lack of knowledge wi...

Previous research has used both natural and simulated interactions to investigate the functions of infant-directed speech (IDS), but the effect of these approaches on the results of such studies is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare F(0) contours of natural and simulated speech directed to three distinct speech recipient groups to invest...

Extinct animal behavior has often been inferred from qualitative assessments of relative brain region size in fossil endocranial casts. For instance, flight capability in pterosaurs and early birds has been inferred from the relative size of the cerebellar flocculus, which in life protrudes from the lateral surface of the cerebellum. A primary role...

Extinct animal behavior has often been inferred from qualitative assessments of relative brain region size in fossil endocranial casts. For instance, flight capability in pterosaurs and early birds has been inferred from the relative size of the cerebellar flocculus, which in life protrudes from the lateral surface of the cerebellum. A primary role...

Scanning parameters, specimen numbers and name of who scanned and segmented each specimen. (PDF)

Measurements and flight-style coding for all included avian taxa. (XLS)

Previous research has shown that in different languages ironic speech is acoustically modulated compared to literal speech,and these modulations are assumed to aid the listener in the comprehension process by acting as cues that mark utterances as ironic. The present study was conducted to identify paraverbal features of German 'ironic criticism' t...

The Internet has rarely been used in auditory perception studies due to concerns about standardisation and calibration across different systems and settings. However, not all auditory research is based on the investigation of fine-grained differences in auditory thresholds. Where meaningful ‘real-world’ listening, for instance the perception of spe...

In vertebrates, the endocranial surface records some degree of information about the size and sometimes shape of the brain that it originally housed. These impressions represent palaeoneurology's basic data. Starting in the early 1800s, workers in palaeoneurology have attempted to determine how the brain of vertebrates has evolved through time. Ear...

Standardised sentence production is routinely used in speech research to avoid content variability typical of natural speech production. However, the validity of such standardised material is not well understood. Here, we evaluated the use of standardised sentences by comparing them to two existing, non-standardised datasets of simulated free and n...

Previous research has used simulated interactions to investigate emotional and linguistic speech phenomena. Here, we evaluate the use of these simulated interactions by comparing speech addressed to imaginary speech partners produced by psychology students and actresses, to an existing study of natural speech addressed to genuine interaction partne...

Low-pass filtering has been used in emotional research to remove the semantic content from speech on the assumption that the relevant acoustic cues for vocal affect remain intact. This method has also been adapted by recent investigations into the function of infant-directed speech (IDS). Similar to other emotion-related studies that have utilised...

We evaluated two speech research paradigms by comparing standardized sentences to 'free speech' (both produced by students without interaction partner). Samples of infant-(IDS), foreigner- (FDS) and adult-directed speech (ADS) were acoustically analyzed for F0 and hyperarticulation. No difference for hyperarticulation was found between IDS, FDS and...

This study evaluated the use of imagined interactions in speech research, by comparing speech addressed to imaginary speech partners with natural speech addressed to genuine in- teraction partners. The shape of pitch contours derived from target words of samples of imaginary infant (IDS), foreigner (FDS) and British adult (ADS) directed speech prod...

Infant-directed speech has three main roles – it attracts attention, conveys emotional affect, and conveys language-specific phonological information, and each of these roles are reflected in certain components of the speech signal – pitch, rated affect, and vowel hyperarticulation. We sought to investigate the independence of these components by c...

To increase our understanding of auditory neurocognition in musicians, we compared nonmusicians with amateur band musicians in their neural and behavioral sound encoding accuracy. Mismatch negativity and P3a components of the auditory event-related potentials were recorded to changes in basic acoustic features (frequency, duration, location, intens...

Infant?directed speech (IDS) is characterized by hyperarticulation, increased pitch, and high emotional affect, which is in turn thought to reflect a linguistic and emotional role for IDS. If the linguistic role is an independent contributor of the changes in IDS, then similar hyperarticulation should also occur in foreigner?directed speech (FDS) b...

This study evaluated the relative functions of pitch contours in infant-directed speech (IDS) by comparing it with adult- (ADS) and foreigner-directed speech (FDS). The shape of pitch contours derived from target words in speech samples was analysed using two novel algorithmic methods and a standard qualitative approach. Our findings indicate that...