Mongkol Ekpanyapong

Asian Institute of Technology

A thyroid nodule, a common abnormal growth within the thyroid gland, is often identified through ultrasound imaging of the neck. These growths may be solid- or fluid-filled, and their treatment is influenced by factors such as size and location. The Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) is a classification method that categorizes thyr...

Real time detection of falls and unstable movement by elderly people is vital to their quality of life and safety. We present an edge processing device integrated with a cloud computation framework that can be used for activity profiling as well as trigger alerts for falls and unstable motion by elderly people at home. The proposed system uses fixe...

Thyroid nodules are lesions requiring diagnosis and follow-up. Tools for detecting and segmenting nodules can help physicians with this diagnosis. Besides immediate diagnosis, automated tools can also enable tracking of the probability of malignancy over time. This paper demonstrates a new algorithm for segmenting thyroid nodules in ultrasound imag...

In the new Internet of Things (IoT) era, embedded Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology is enabling the deployment of custom-tailored embedded IoT solutions for handling different application requirements and workloads. Combined with the open RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), the FPGA technology provides endless opportunities to...

With the rapid advances in precision agriculture technology, machine vision is emerging as a means to obtain accurate spatial information for a control system at relatively attractive cost. Besides being affordable and data rich, vision sensors offer precise local or relative information, which can complement global sensors such as global navigatio...

In everyday life, different biometric applications such as iris recognition and fingerprint recognition are used to identify individuals. The face is an important identifier for humans that can be used for surveillance, security purposes, access control, automated attendance, and so on. In this paper, a fully functional end-to-end facial recognitio...

Thyroid ultrasonography is mainly used for the detection and characterization of thyroid nodules. However, there is some limitation since the diagnostic performance remains highly subjective and depends on radiologist experiences. Therefore, artificial intelligence (AI) was expected to improve the diagnostic performance of thyroid ultrasound. To ev...

We introduce an edge processing device and cloud computation framework enabling activity profiling, unstable motion alerts, and fall alerts for elderly people living at home under their families’ care. The system analyzes video frames captured by fixed cameras, tracking each visible person and classifying their actions into one of nine ordinary act...

Most super-resolution (SR) methods proposed to date do not use real ground-truth high-resolution (HR) and low-resolution (LR) image pairs; instead, the vast majority of methods use synthetic LR images generated from the HR images. This approach yields excellent performance on synthetic datasets, but on real-world poor quality surveillance video foo...

The number of global road traffic accidents is rising every year and remains undesirably high. One of the main reasons for this trend is that, in many countries, road users violate road safety regulations and traffic laws. Despite improvements in road safety legislation, enforcement is still a major challenge in low- and middle-income countries. In...

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many organizations around the world enforcing face mask rules for personal protection. Manual checking whether individuals entering an organization's premises are wearing masks is cumbersome and possibly confrontational. There has been relatively little work on automatic face mask rule violations thus far. We propos...

Road fatality rates are very high, especially in developing and middle-income countries. One of the main causes of road fatalities is not using motorcycle helmets. Active law enforcement may help increase compliance, but ubiquitous enforcement requires many police officers and may cause traffic jams and safety issues. In this paper, we demonstrate...

Conventional sequential processing on software with a general purpose CPU has become significantly insufficient for certain heavy computations due to the high demand of processing power to deliver adequate throughput and performance. Due to many reasons a high degree of interest could be noted for high performance real time video processing on embe...

The process of splitting an image into specular and diffuse components is a fundamental problem in computer vision, because most computer vision algorithms, such as image segmentation and tracking, assume diffuse surfaces, so existence of specular reflection can mislead algorithms to make incorrect decisions. Existing decomposition methods tend to...

The performance of turbo-generators significantly depends on the design of the power turbine. In addition, the thermoelectric generator can convert waste heat into another source of energy. This research aims to design and optimize an integrated turbo-generator and thermoelectric generator for diesel engines. The goal is to generate electricity fro...

Information regarding the conditions of roads is a safety concern when driving. In Bangkok, public weather sensors such as weather stations and rain sensors are insufficiently available to provide such information. On the other hand, a number of existing CCTV cameras have been deployed recently in various places for surveillance and traffic monitor...

Road accidents are one of the major causes of human deaths. Among the different types of road accidents, motorcycle accidents are common and cause severe injuries. The helmet is the motorcyclist's main protection. Most countries require the use of helmets by motorcyclists, but many people fail to obey the law for various reasons. We present the dev...

Virtualization technology starts becoming more and more widespread in the embedded space. The penalties incurred by standard software-based virtualization is pushing research towards hardware-assisted solutions. Among the existing commercial off-the-shelf technologies for secure virtualization, ARM TrustZone is attracting particular attention. Howe...

In this work, a novel platform for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based chemical sensors utilizing three-dimensional microporous graphene foam (GF) decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is developed and applied for methylene blue (MB) detection. The results demonstrate that silver nanoparticles significantly enhance cascaded ampli...

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been employed in a wide range of applications due to the low-cost and ease of installation features. One of the applications is in the road safety and highways, in a wide range of scenarios. In this paper, an IoT-based system for collision detection on guardrails is presented. The developed system implements an...

The bidirectional shortest path problem has important applications in VLSI floor planning and other areas. We introduce a new algorithm to solve bidirectional shortest path problems using parallel architectures provided by general purpose computing on graphics processing units. The algorithm performs parallel searches from the source and sink using...

Performance and determinism are two critical metrics in most embedded systems with real-time requirements. Owing to the complexity of current embedded systems, along with increased application demands, real-time operating systems (RTOSs) have become a de facto solution providing specific services to the system tasks. However, this extra layer, whic...

Bypassing emerged as a performance improvement method for shared Last-Level Caches (LLC) in multicore processors where large data portions are never reused, wasting system resources. This paper proposes an alternative method to predict data bypassing using Support Vector Machine (SVM). Based on access traces obtained from a simulator, SVM is traine...

In this paper, a study of dynamic torque ripples using an integrated simulation model of Brushless DC (BLDC) motor and drive systems is presented. An accurate simulation-based model of a BLDC motor based on Phase-Variable approach considering the effect of structural saliency is described. The proposed integrated motor drive model is developed in M...

Abstract. The recent availability of low-cost RGB-D sensors and the maturity of machine vision alogirthms makes shape-based parametric modelling of 3D objects in natural environments more practical than ever before. In this paper we investigate the use of RGB-D based modelling of natural objects using RGB-D sensors and a combination of volumetric 3...

The recent availability of low-cost RGB-D sensors and the maturity of machine vision algorithms makes shape-based parametric modeling of 3D objects in natural environments more practical than ever before. In this paper, we investigate the use of RGB-D based modeling of natural objects using RGB-D sensors and a combination of volumetric 3D reconstru...

Often, the demand for optimal and harmonious operation of multi-motor control systems requires sharing of feedback information from one drive to other drives. From the point of view of controller implementation, a multi-controller structure degrades the system integration and requires data communication among chips. The aim of this paper is to prop...

Optical fire sensors, sometimes called “volumetric” sensors, are complementary to conventional point sensors such as smoke and heat detectors in providing people with early warnings of fire incidents. Cameras combined with image processing software hold the promise of detecting fire incidents more quickly than point sensors and can also provide siz...

This letter describes the architecture of an inter-domain message passing hardware sub-system targeting the embedded virtualization field. Embedded virtualization is characterized by application-specific solutions, where functionality is partitioned into a small, fixed number of Virtual Machines, typically under real-time constraints, which must co...

3DFTL is a demand-based flash translation layer (demand-based FTL) that can withstand caching data loss due to unexpected events such as power-loss. Its mapping table in the flash memory is designed with the capabilities of being instantaneously updated with zero additional write operations. Moreover, the average cache miss penalty of 3DFTL is also...

In the development of real-time systems, predictability is often hindered by technological factors which break the timing abstractions offered by Real Time Operating Systems (RTOSs); namely, the priority space separation between threads and interrupts induces the ratemonotonic problem. Software approaches have tackled this issue, attempting to unif...

The increasing capacity of NAND flash memory results in larger page size. Since a larger page requires longer access time, the performance of a flash translation layer (FTL) that stores its mapping table in flash pages is degraded. An economical FTL named SCFTL is proposed to avoid such issues caused by the larger page size. In order to reduce spat...

Performance and determinism are two critical metrics in most embedded systems with real-time requirements. Due to the complexity of current embedded systems, along with increased application demands, Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) have become a de facto solution providing specific services to the system tasks. However, this extra layer, which a...

In developing countries, government agencies focus its transportation system developments on building more roads and bridge structures to alleviate the traffic, undermining the idea of using Intelligent Transportation Systems to maximize the capacity of existing infrastructure. When the public sectors perform poorly in managing traffic, a decentral...

In this paper, the design of a FPGA-based rapid prototype for Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) based spectral subtraction for hands-free speech applications using Xilinx System Generator (XSG) tools without traditional HDL hand coding is presented. Initially, the concept of a dual-channel short-time spectral subtraction algorithm for removing th...

In this paper, we propose two methods used in 3-D IC placement that efficiently exploit the die-to-die thermal coupling in the stack. First, through-silicon vias (TSVs) are spread on each die to reduce the local power density and vertically aligned across dies simultaneously to increase thermal conductivity to the heatsink. Second, we move high-pow...

Virtualization has been used as the de facto technology to allow multiple operating systems (virtual machines) to run on top of the same hardware platform. In the embedded systems domain, virtualization research has focused on the coexistence of real-time requirements with non-real-time characteristics. However, existent standard software-based vir...

Conference code: 111771, Export Date: 18 March 2017, References: Rosenblum, M., Garfinkel, T., Virtual machine monitors: Current technology and future trends (2005) IEEE Computer Society, 38, pp. 39-47. , May;

Traditionally, operating system (OSes) suffers from a bifid priority space dictated by the co-existence of threads managed by kernel scheduler and asynchronous interrupt handlers scheduled by hardware. On real-time systems, where reliability and determinism plays a critical role, this approach presents a noteworthy lack, as any interrupt handler ca...

Smartphone has overcome human life very quickly at this moment since Android was introduced to the world in April 2009. Because of being a smartphone, people can make use of it in vary ways. It can be used as a cellphone, a media player, an internet browser or even a gaming console. It makes people life easier by having it. The Design of Wristband...

In the arena of Control theory and Engineering, balancing of an inverted pendulum by moving a carrier (cart) along a horizontal track, is a classical problem for the commencers to analyze its dynamics as it continually moves toward an unstable state. Numerous physical models resembling to the same include Flight Simulation of rocket or missile d...

Autonomous monitoring of fruit crops based on mobile camera sensors requires methods to segment fruit regions from the background in images. Previous methods based on color and shape cues have been successful in some cases, but the detection of textured green fruits among green plant material remains a challenging problem. A recently proposed metho...

Low-noise amplifier (LNA) is a very critical component in terms of its functionality in a transceiver. This paper presents design of a 20-GHz low-noise amplifier in TSMC 0.18μm technology. The design utilizes multi-stage topology which includes three transistors. First-stage is a single ended common-source topology while the second stage is current...

In today's advanced technological age, embedded and real time systems have become ubiquitous, covering a wide range of applicability. As a result there is an ever growing need for low power capabilities along with reasonable performance, thus presenting a virtual demand for power-aware devices. The purpose of this work was leveraging key techniques...

Nowadays, the growing complexity of embedded systems demands for configurability, variability and reuse. Conditional compilation and object-orientation are two of the most applied approaches in the management of system variability. While the former increases the code management complexity, the latter leverages the needed modularity and adaptability...

Dangerous lane changing, illegal overtaking, and driving in the wrong lane account for a high percentage of the total accidents that occur on the road, second only to accidents due to over-speeding. Automated traffic applications typically encompass the detection and segmentation of moving vehicles as a crucial process. Background subtraction and s...

A blind source separation system is designed for digital hearing aids which required real-time operating and inexpensive resources. In addition, we implement our BSS system on a digital signal processor (DSP) which can be used in digital hearing aid devices. This will enable a better sound quality in which different sound sources can be amplified s...

To tackle the growing complexity and huge demand for tailored domestic video surveillance systems along with a high demanding time-to-market expectation, engineers at IVV Automação, LDAa are exploiting video surveillance domain as families of systems that can be developed following a pay-as-you-go fashion rather than developing an ex-nihilo new pro...

The proliferation of highly-configurable FPGA technology has allowed the implementation of dedicated systems of diverse configurations and fueled the software to hardware migration paradigm. This work demonstrates how the hardware implementation of virtualization technology affects the system reliability at several levels of abstraction. By correla...

This paper presents an innovative Multi Processor System on Chip (MPSoC) architecture based on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) concepts. The proposed architecture promotes the design flexibility and interoperability by setting an implementation agnostic services' integration interface and being reconfiguration aware by design. The concept is tr...

State of the art FPGAs allow the implementation of small to medium sized Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) where configurability is key in order to achieve design goals. Thus, SoCs are frequently designed around soft extensible processors, which provide a tradeoff between design flexibility and fast time to market. This paper presents the impact of micro-arch...

Energy consumption and Environmental impact are two major global concerns for sustainable development for the next century. Half of the total power usage in South East Asia has been consumed by the cooling system. Where the electricity is currently generated from natural resources such as coal and oil, it is non-renewable and polluting. In this stu...

We propose a method for early fire detection based on the Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm that is able to detect fire in real time in a video stream from a monocular camera. The method works both indoors and in open areas. It detects fire at the beginning of the burning process, enabling an earlier response than would be possible with a convent...

Parallelization of VLSI routing algorithms is one of the challenging problems in VLSI physical design. This is due to a large number of nets as well as the shared routing resources that result in data dependency among concurrent tasks. In this paper, VLSI Maze routing using GPGPU has been proposed to enable runtime performance improvement. We repor...

Due to the scientific and technological advances of the last decades, embedded systems have become central to modern life, which has led to a new reality in which the embedded systems market has been growing with a monthly or even weekly emergence of new products with different applications across several domains. Focus on embedded systems design i...

Due to the scientific and technological advances of the last decades, embedded systems have become central to modern life, which has led to a new reality in which the embedded systems market has been growing with a monthly or even weekly emergence of new products with different applications across several domains. Focus on embedded systems design i...

The design flexibility offered by current Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology allows system designers to partition application functionalities between hardware and software to meet the design goals such as area, power consumption, etc. Efficient partitioning is a nonpolynomial problem, usually performed by Design Space Exploration (DSE)...

This paper presents a novel hypervisor, developed for aerospace applications using an object oriented approach that embodies time and space partitioning (TSP) on a PowerPC (PPC) core embedded in a FPGA, for the NetworkCentric core avionics [1] - an architecture of cooperating components and managed by a real-time operating system, to implement depe...

Nowadays, embedded systems are central to modern life, mainly due to the scientific and technological advances of the last decades that started a new reality in which the embedded systems market has been growing steadily, along with a monthly or even weekly emergence of new products with different applications across several domains. This embedded...

In the arena of Control theory and Engineering, balancing of an inverted pendulum by moving a carrier (cart) along a horizontal track, is a classical problem for the commencers to analyze its dynamics as it continually moves toward an unstable state. Numerous physical models resembling to the same include Flight Simulation of rocket or missile d...

As the complexity of embedded systems, as well as the range of applications, grows, the demand for low power high-performance systems also increases. Solutions to address these issues have been presented in the literature, addressing techniques to increase performance by replacing software features, namely RTOS primitives, by hardware implementatio...

The emergence of mixed-signal integrated circuit results in the tremendous increase in the numbers of high performance data converters with the trend toward high resolution and large bandwidth. Delta-Sigma modulator, employing oversampling technique, provides high output precision by shaping the in-band quantization noise to the out-of-band. This p...

Through automated agricultural inspection, farmers can potentially achieve better productivity and accurately predict yields and crop quality. A variety of sensors can be used for agricultural inspection, but the cheapest and most information-rich is the video camera. We collect data in the field from a monocular camera fixed to a mobile inspection...

In this paper, effects of non-idealities on Delta-Sigma modulators, which analog integrated circuit designers facing during the design stage, are examined. The concept of Delta-Sigma modulators with interstage feedback paths, proposed by Su and Chao, is introduced. The simulation model with various modeling non-ideality sources of a Third-order cas...

With the advance in semiconductor technology, the integration of digital and analog circuits on the same die becomes ubiquitous. The increasing demand of mixed signal integrated circuits drives the higher resolution for Digital-Analog circuits as well as Analog-Digital modulators. In this work, we perform a comprehensive analysis of an existing arc...