Molines Arthur

University of Paris-Saclay · Life Sciences

Cytoplasm is a viscous, crowded, and heterogeneous environment, and its local viscosity and degree of macromolecular crowding have significant effects on cellular reaction rates. Increasing viscosity slows down diffusion and protein conformational changes, while increasing macromolecular crowding speeds up reactions. As a model system for cellular...

In nature, several ciliated protists possess the remarkable ability to execute ultrafast motions using protein assemblies called myonemes, which contract in response to Ca2+ ions. Existing theories, such as actomyosin contractility and macroscopic biomechanical latches, do not adequately describe these systems, necessitating development of models t...

The cytoplasm is a complex, crowded, actively-driven environment whose biophysical characteristics modulate critical cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, phase separation, and stem-cell fate. Little is known about the variance in these cytoplasmic properties. Here, we employed particle-tracking nanorheology on genetically encoded multi...

In nature, several ciliated protists share the remarkable ability to undergo ultrafast motions using protein assemblies called myonemes, which contract in response to Ca ²⁺ ions. These systems are not adequately described by existing theories, such as those of actomyosin contractility and macroscopic biomechanical latches, and new models are needed...

The cytoplasm is a complex, crowded, actively-driven environment whose biophysical characteristics modulate critical cellular processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics, phase separation, and stem-cell fate. Little is known about the variance in these cytoplasmic properties. Here, we employed particle-tracking nanorheology on genetically encoded multi...

The cytoplasm is a crowded, visco-elastic environment whose physical properties change according to physiological or developmental states. How the physical properties of the cytoplasm impact cellular functions in vivo remains poorly understood. Here, we probe the effects of cytoplasmic concentration on microtubules by applying osmotic shifts to fis...

Objective: Most eukaryotic cells contain microtubule filaments, which play central roles in intra-cellular organization. However, microtubule networks have a wide variety of architectures from one cell type and organism to another. Nonetheless, the sequences of tubulins, of Microtubule Associated proteins (MAPs) and the structure of microtubules a...

The cytoplasm represents a crowded environment whose properties may change according to physiological or developmental states. Although the effects of crowding and viscosity on in vitro reactions have been well studied, if and how the biophysical properties of the cytoplasm impact cellular functions in vivo remain poorly understood. Here, we probed...

Objective Most eukaryotic cells contain microtubule filaments, which play central roles in intra-cellular organization. However, microtubule networks have a wide variety of architectures from one cell type and organism to another. Nonetheless, the sequences of tubulins, of Microtubule Associated proteins (MAPs) and the structure of microtubules are...

Objective Most eukaryotic cells contain microtubule filaments, which play central roles in intra-cellular organization. However, microtubule networks have a wide variety of architectures from one cell type and organism to another. Nonetheless, the sequences of tubulins, of Microtubule Associated proteins (MAPs) and the structure of microtubules are...

Microtubules are involved in plant development and adaptation to their environment, but the sustaining molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Microtubule-end-binding 1 (EB1) proteins participate in directional root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, a connection to the underlying microtubule array has not been established yet. We show here that...

Microtubules are involved in plant development and adaptation to their environment, but the sustaining molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Microtubule-end-binding 1 (EB1) proteins participate in directional root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, a connection to the underlying microtubule array has not been established yet. We show here that...

Les microtubules sont des filaments protéiques dynamiques, essentiels au bon fonctionnement de la plupart des cellules eucaryotes. L’organisation de ce réseau de fibres constitue un enjeu majeur pour la cellule, puisque c’est de cette organisation que découle une grande partie de ses fonctions. Dans les cellules animales, la protéine EB1 (End Bindi...