Mojtaba Kordrostami

Atomic Energy Organization of Iran | AEOI · Department of Plant Protection

A quantitative trait is a measurable trait that depends on the cumulative action of many genes and their interaction with the environment that can vary among individuals over a given range to produce a continuous distribution of phenotypes. The identification and mapping of QTLs for such traits has great significance for rice breeders. In this stud...

The dried fig cv. Sabz of Iran, distinguishes out among the several fig cultivars for its unique characteristics and excellent properties. The aims to this study were 1) Carefully monitoring the resulting phenotypic changes in growth patterns, leaf morphology, shoot traits, root characteristics, and other relevant traits after irradiated with diffe...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing plant mutation breeding by enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and speed in developing new plant varieties with desirable traits. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of AI applications in plant mutation breeding, highlighting the integration of machine learning, deep learning, image analysis,...

The advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, and particularly double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADSeq), has significantly advanced the development of molecular markers for crop genetics. This study used ddRADSeq to identify and develop insertion–deletion (InDel) markers in 25 peanut genotypes from diverse geogra...

Transposable genetic elements (TEs) are dynamic DNA sequences that significantly impact plant gene expression, enabling adaptation to environmental stresses. This review explores the role of TEs in plant adaptation, focusing on the mechanisms of TE activation and suppression, including chromatin remodeling, DNA modifications, and small interfering...

Background Drought stress is a critical challenge to rice production, necessitating the development of drought-tolerant genotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the drought tolerance of rice genotypes, including traditional parental lines (Hashemi, Khazar, Fajr, and Tarom Mahalli) and their corresponding mutant lines, under normal and drought stress...

This review comprehensively examines the phenomenon of photoinhibition in plants, focusing mainly on the intricate relationship between photodamage and photosystem II (PSII) repair and the role of PSII extrinsic proteins and protein phosphorylation in these processes. In natural environments, photoinhibition occurs together with a suite of concurre...

Enhancing crop photosynthesis through genetic engineering technologies offers numerous opportunities to increase plant productivity. Key approaches include optimizing light utilization , increasing cytochrome b6f complex levels, and improving carbon fixation. Modifications to Ru-bisco and the photosynthetic electron transport chain are central to t...

Intercropping is an agricultural technique where many crops are grown together on the same field, and it is becoming more widely acknowledged for its ability to improve productivity in food and forage production. This farming method allows for the strategic integration of a profitable crop with cover or non-profitable crops to achieve reciprocal be...

The majority of Citrus species and some related genera in this family produce nucellar embryos. Nucellar seedlings are similar to maternal parents. The existence of such embryos next to the embryo from fertilization leads to the polyembryony phenomenon which during that, two or few embryos are developed in one seed simultaneously. The nucellar embr...

Thymus vulgaris, commonly known as thyme, is a plant renowned for producing monoterpenes. This study aimed to understand the effects of low-dose gamma radiation, specifically in the range of 1–5 Gy, on various traits of Thymus vulgaris, providing context on its importance in agricultural and medicinal applications. The research explored morpho-phys...

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop with significant economic importance in many developing countries. This study rigorously investigated the impact of various applications and doses of two specific plant growth regulators, paclobutrazol (PAC) and mepiquat chloride (MC), on the development, yield components, oil content, and fa...

The majority of Iranian fig production is exported, making it one of the world’s most well-known healthy crops. Therefore, the main objective of the current experiment was to investigate the effects of various types of organic fertilizers, such as animal manure (cow and sheep), bird manure (partridge, turkey, quail, and chicken), and vermicompost,...

Seed germination is a crucial stage in the life cycle of plants. It determines their growth and reproduction success. Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that affect seed germination. This research aimed to estimate the cardinal temperatures and the thermal time requirement for seed germination. The effects of different t...

Both salinity and drought stand as significant abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop production worldwide. While medicinal plants offer substantial economic and social benefits, their productivity faces challenges globally due to abiotic stresses. The distinctive quality of medicinal plants stems from their active ingredients. However, these...

In this research, we investigated the impact of drought stress on secondary metabolite production in cumin plants and the associated transcriptional changes in biosynthetic genes. Drought stress induced a significant increase in the levels of beta-carotene, lycopene, terpenes, anthocyanin, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and alkaloids, indicating a...

The highest quality pomegranate necessitates a tropical or subtropical environment for proper growth and development. This study evaluated two pomegranate cultivars including Rabab Poost Ghermez Neyriz (RPGN) and Makhmal Malas Shahreza (MMS) for physical traits, biochemical properties, and juice quality in their native locations as well as other wa...

The application of isotope labeling in plant pathology has provided a powerful tool for understanding various biological processes in plants and their interactions with pathogens. Isotopes such as 13C, 15N, and 18O have been utilized to track metabolic pathways, nutrient uptake, and water usage in plants under normal and pathogenic conditions. Isot...

This reference is a timely compilation of studies of genome size and genetic stability of regenerated plants. It presents 13 book chapters that cover recent advancements in CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing, the use of molecular markers to analyze somaclonal variation in tissue culture, and genetic stability assessment in various plant species, inclu...

Plant breeding aimed at crop improvement is dependent upon the genetic variability in the available genetic resources. This is essentially required as the current scenario of food security is threatened by several agricultural, climatic, and population issues which necessitate an increased food production channel. Often plant breeders attempt to in...

Numerous plant species, particularly those that can accumulate selenium (Se) and silicon (Si), benefit from these essential micronutrients. Se and Si accumulation in plants profoundly affects several biochemical reactions in cells. Understanding how plants react to Se/Si enrichment is crucial for ensuring adequate dietary Se/Si intake for humans an...

One of the well-known medicinal plants in the Falcaria genus is Sickleweed. Falcaria species exhibit a high degree of genetic variability, posing challenges in the examination of genetic diversity due to the significant potential for hybridization and introgression among them. Utilizing morphological traits and molecular markers may prove to be a v...

Grain quality in rice plays a critical role in consumer acceptance. This research aimed to investigate the grain physicochemical and cooking characteristics of 18 Iranian rice genotypes under both normal conditions and 35 days of drought stress. Significant differences were observed in the studied traits specially percentage of total conversion, he...

Sickleweed (Falcaria vulgaris) is the name of a species of annual, and perennial herbaceous plants of the genus Falcaria. Climate change could negatively influnces the performance of various plant species in plant kingdom. In this study, 15 different sickleweed populations from seven provinces of the country were collected based on an unbalanced ne...

In line with the implementation of policies to increase the production and growth of non-petroleum exports, tree fruit production can be developed as substitute due to their wide potential and public acceptance. In order to produce high quality fruit and high yield in the orchards, it is necessary to modify the old orchards, establish new orchards...

For more than half of the world's population, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the primary source of nutrition. Rice production must expand by at least 25 percent by 2030 to feed the world's ever-increasing population. As climate change and arable land loss take a tremendous toll on the world's food supply, genetic advancements in rice would be crucial fo...

Approximately four-fifths of the world’s population has long relied on medicinal plants in the form of traditional formulations for their primary healthcare systems and the treatment of some ailments. According to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 4976 plant species are critically endangered, 9400 endangered, and 8959 are vulnerable (IUCN 20...

The Fabaceae genus Astragalus fridae contains medicinal, nutritional, and industrial qualities. This plant is endemic to Semnan Province, Iran, with Aftar village in the northwest serving as its primary habitat, and is presently on the endangered species list. Astragalus includes polysaccharides and saponins, as well as poisonous chemicals such as...

Currently, the tendency to produce and consume medicinal plants has increased a lot. Medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine practices in many nations. The high requisition for medicinal plants and enhancing anthropo-genic activities have accelerated the extinction of species and the destruction of habitats. Therefore, there is an i...

Cold plasma technology is an ecological, chemical-free, and non-thermal method of disinfecting and treating surfaces. As a result of plasma activation, water becomes acidic, which causes changes in redox potential, conductivity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). Consequently, PAW is chemically different from water and ca...

Breeding of Fruit trees is an ancient method that is progressing and introducing new cultivars using dynamic current technologies towards an exciting future. The classical breeding method (hybridization) in fruit trees is different from many other crops, so that it has many limitations, such as the length of the juvenility period, heterozygosity, t...

Ionizing radiations are a helpful technique and have improved financial potential in developing new and unique commercially important fruit tree varieties. The ‘Yaghouti’ grape cuttings were treated with 0 (control), 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 Gy gamma ray (γ) doses. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate the effects...

After mercury and lead, cadmium is the third greatest hazard dangerous to the environment. Cadmium is non-essential biological functions metal element and has a series of harmful effects on the health of human, animal, and plants at low concentrations. Cadmium is unique heavy metal that causes health problems Plants in many areas are low or mildly...

In recent years, nanotechnology has been applied to revolutionize the technological progress in biomedicine, industry, and agriculture. Chemical, biological, and physical methods used for synthesis of nanomaterials substances and these materials applied at a tiny scale. The purpose of using nanomaterials in food and agriculture is to reduce the use...

Objective Fig (Ficus carica) is a deciduous tree growing in arid and semi-arid regions. As an essential crop, Figs have undergone genetic erosion in recent decades due to living and non-living stresses. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of genotypes in Estahban using morphological traits and Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) molecular m...

Anthocyanins, a colored subclass of flavonoids, are a significant factor determining flower color. Genetic constraints limit the number of flower colors available within a species because flowers contain specific flavonoids. By expressing a heterologous gene in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, it is possible to achieve color varieties that canno...

The use of ionizing radiation such as protons, alpha and beta ions, neutrons, x and gamma rays is one of the fundamental applications of nuclear technology for breeding of ornamental plants. Gamma and X rays are typically used for induction of physical mutation for several reasons; handling is relatively simple, mutagenic agents can easily reach th...

Every year, billions of plastic laboratory containers such as pipettes, bottles, flasks, vials, culture plates, and other polymer laboratory items are produced for research, drug discovery, and diagnostic tests. Although many of them are simple and inexpensive consumables, an increasing percentage are currently being treated with plasma, which is p...

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), a monocotyledonous species of the Arecaceae family, is widely cultivated in the arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. Considering the prolonged generation cycle, the dioecious nature of date palm trees, and high heterozygosity, the traditional breeding approaches in date palm are lengthy and laborious...

Throughout the world, nuclear applications in medicine, industry, agriculture and environmental research are helping to save life, boost productivity, increase food production, provide energy and protect oceans and fresh water reserves. Some of the most innovative ways being used to improve agricultural practices involve nuclear technology. Nuclear...

The LysM receptor-like kinases (LysM-RLKs) play a crucial role in plant symbiosis and response to environmental stresses. Brassica napus, B. rapa, and B. oleracea are utilized as valuable vegetables. Different biotic and abiotic stressors affect these crops, resulting in yield losses. Therefore, genome-wide analysis of the LysM-RLK gene family was...

Today, given the rapid growth of the world's population and the importance of healthy food production, it has revealed the need to find new ways in the food and agricultural industries. Many countries have invested in the use and expansion of cold plasma in food, agriculture, and related industries. The increasing and significant increase of studie...

Spontaneous mutations have played a considerable role in introducing new cultivars of vegetatively propagated crops, but their rate in nature is too low to be adequately used. Induced mutations using mutagenic treatments consequently have a high potential for bringing about further genetic improvements and frequency of somatic mutation by inducing...

Background Abiotic and biotic stresses induce oxidative processes in plant cells that this process starts with the production of ROSs which cause damage to the proteins. Therefore, plants have increased their antioxidant activity to defend against this oxidative stress to be able to handle stress better. In this research, 14 different tea accession...

In their life cycle, plants face a range of environmental stresses such as heat, cold, drought, salinity, etc., which greatly affects the performance of the and is one of the key factors in the distribution of plant species. Plants use special mechanisms to withstand these stresses. When plants are exposed to stress, the information is transmitted...

Evolution has long enabled plants with an adjusted response and tolerance mechanisms in the time facing drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, excessive light, and heavy metals collectively known as abiotic stress, with an accelerated incidence in climate change era owing to a rapid rise in global temperature, which has triggered a domino effect...

The necessity of novel technologies to address the long-standing and worsened status of food security and sustainable agriculture is out of the question. Of the most recent promising approaches to alleviate constraints of the increasing occurrence of biotic and abiotic stressors on crop plants in the climate change era is nanobiotechnology involvin...

Aegilops is known as the ancestor species of wheat and has a major role in the evolution of wheat. Considering the importance of this species and the fact that Iran is the center of the distribution, fifteen IRAP and REMAP markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of Ae. tauschii accessions from different regions of Iran and its relations...

Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the principal cereal crops and is a major source of calories for billions of people around the globe. It has been predicted that rice production will decrease in near future due to the negative effects of global climate change. The increase in temperature and scarcity of irrigation water poses a serious threat to rice...

The autophagy-related genes (ATGs) play important roles in plant growth and response to environmental stresses. Brassica napus (B. napus) is among the most important oilseed crops, but ATGs are largely unknown in this species. Therefore, a genome-wide analysis of the B. napus ATG gene family (BnATGs) was performed. One hundred and twenty-seven ATGs...

Of the consequences of anthropogenic activities, contamination of the pedosphere and biosphere with hazardous heavy metal ions as a growing threat is jeopardizing the human health status through inserting into the food chain, which impairs environmental sustainability. Phytoremediation is one of the environmental friendly bioremediation methods uti...

In the general sense, salinity means the amount of salts present in a certain amount of water, but the definition of salinity is the amount of salt present in a kilogram of water, expressed as grams of salt per thousand grams of water. Environmental conditions such as salinity determine the type and biodiversity in it. Therefore it is necessary to...

Hemp (Cannabis sativa) is an herbaceous, annual, and dioecious plant belongs to the Cannabaceae family and grows in some parts of Iran. In the present study, the genetic diversity between and within the populations of 10 local cultivated landraces from Iran was evaluated, using multiple datasets (agro-morphological and biochemical traits, seed oil...

To efficiently address the threatened food security worldwide and the gap between supply and demand for agricultural products from a growing population on the earth, novel gene pools are necessities to enable plant breeders to develop crops capable of providing high quality and nutritionally rich food products under the changing climate era with in...

By drastic increment in frequency fluctuation of climatic phenomena worldwide which the consequences majorly negatively have been multifacetedly affecting world’s economy with agriculture section at the pinnacle, is threatening the food security of a large portion of growing population on the Earth to a dangerous level in addition to the percentage...

Among crops, oilseeds are the second largest food source in the world after 1 cereals. Rapeseed is the third most important oil plant in the world and its extracted 2 oil is used for human and industrial purposes due to its fatty acid composition. Its oil 3 is one of the highest quality edible oils due to its good composition of unsaturated 4 fatty...

A pot study was performed to examine the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) including Azospirillum lipoferum or Azotobacter chroococcum on growth criteria (leaf area and seedlings fresh and dry weight), pigments [chlorophylls (Chl a and b) and carotenoids], osmolytes (soluble sugars, soluble proteins and proline), nutrient uptake...

Rice is the most important food source for more than half of the world's population, so determining the best hybrid line to produce hybrids with high grain yield and high cooking quality is important for proper crosses. In this study, 60 microsatellite markers were used in 63 rice genotypes of Central and West Asia to group rice cultivars. Based on...

Rice is a basic staple food of most countries including developed and less developed nations, and more importantly, 90% of population relies on rice across South Asian countries. Global climate change, increased urbanization, drought, and desertification have resulted in the significant drop in the rice production and also prompted researchers to d...

Global climate change is a man-made phenomenon fueled by ever-increasing population on the Earth which has generated a cascade of unprecedented fluctuations in precipitations almost throughout the world with having agriculture in the target as a highly vulnerable as well as a vital sector for humanity. Agriculture in climate change era means to dea...

Humulus lupulus L., is an economically and ecologically important plant species, which has suffered habitat degradation throughout the Hyrcanian forests (Northern Iran). Towards conservation and exotic breeding germplasm assessment, we conducted a survey in the Hyrcanian forests: 15 wild populations (WPs) were located and 54 samples collected. Gene...

8 One of the important methods for the study of quantitative traits is the association mapping through the use of phenotypic 9 information and molecular markers. This study was carried out to examine the contrastive relationship between the bio-10 chemical and agronomic traits in tea accessions at the molecular level via association mapping and gen...

Background: Tea is one of the most popular calming drinks. Drought is a major environmental factor that limited the growth and development of plants. Objective: Therefore, the identification of proteins under the drought stress conditions in tea can have an essential role in the breeding programs and tea production. Methods: For this purpose, 14...

In this study, the genetic diversity of Thymus collected from Gilan province in Northern Iran was evaluated using AFLP markers and chemical compositions of the essential oil derived from GC/MS. Polymorphic information content varied from 0.26 to 0.37 with an average of 0.31. Estimating Nei's gene diversity (H) and Shannon's information index (I) sh...

Rice is one of the most important cereals in the world, and because of its smallest genome among cereals, it is considered as a model cereal. This has led to extensive studies on this plant, resulting in a large amount of data. Therefore, checking databases and comparing our results with the results of other researchers is the best way to avoid dup...

Caucasian whortleberry (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) plant traditionally has been included among important medicines as remedy for diabetic patients and also in modern medicine found to be effective against cardiovascular diseases. V. arctostaphylos leaves are known to be rich in phytochemicals, however, no comprehensive and reliable protocol has b...

Objective The genetic diversity of the 20 tea populations collected from the Tea Research Organization of Iran was evaluated using 20 microsatellite markers and 10 RAPD markers. Materials and methods Plant materials in this experiment were 20 tea clones selected from the Tea Research Institute of Iran. DNA extraction from young leaf samples of tea...