Mohd Zaini Abd Karim

Universiti Utara Malaysia | UUM · Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business (UUM OYA GSB)

This paper analyses the effects of off-balance sheet (OBS) activities and various types of risks on the cost and profit efficiencies of banks in seven East Asian countries between 2001 and 2008. Cost and profit efficiency scores are estimated using the data envelopment analysis approach. The results of this analysis are then used to identify the im...

This paper examines the effects of macro-economic factors on bank efficiency of commercial banks in Asia, Middle East/North Africa, and Africa. To achieve the objective, the stochastic frontier approach (SFA) was used to simultaneously estimate the parameters of the stochastic frontier and the inefficiency model. The results show that the effect of...

The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationship between non-performing loans and bank efficiency in Malaysia and Singapore. To achieve the objective, cost efficiency was estimated using the stochastic cost frontier approach assuming normal-gamma efficiency distribution model proposed by Greene (1990). The cost efficiency scores were...

Unlike most studies on the effect of monetary policy on bank lending, this article intends to answer the question whether the tightening of monetary policy in Malaysia before and after the financial crisis in 1997 affected differently the commercial bank lending to various sectors of the economy. To achieve the objective, Vector Autoregressive Regr...

The worldwide tourist and hospitality industries appear to be seemingly into a maelstrom of massive issues as a result of the devastation caused by the Coronavirus epidemic. Since a result, Pakistan’s a tourist and hospitality industries are at risk, as people from all over the globe are unable to go to Pakistan, putting the country’s viral control...

Nigeria is undoubtedly faced with unstable inflows of FDI at the present time, and that country has continued to contend with rising insecurity and a relatively high level of corruption. We employ the DOLS and ARDL estimation techniques to explore the long-term response of FDI to both insecurity and corruption using quarterly data from Nigeria over...

One of Nigeria's greatest challenges is the generation of adequate tax revenue to meet her rising expenditure, and the country has continued to contend with corruption, particularly in its public sector. We employ the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) technique to examine tax revenue behaviour amid corruption using Nigeria's quarter...

This study examines the relationship between green finance and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the top ten economies that support green finance (Canada, Denmark, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States). This study uses quantile on quantile regression (QQR), introduced by Sim and Zhou...

This study employs the ARDL estimation method to investigate whether corruption and domestic investment relationship is non-linear in Nigeria using quarterly data over the 1996-2019 period. Other alternative estimation techniques such as the CCR, DOLS and FMOLS were used to check for consistency of the results. The results demonstrate that corrupti...

The current study examines the association between energy prices such as oil, heating oil and natural gas prices and their impacts on equity market prices in China by using weekly data of observations from 1996W1 to 2020W4. During pre and post-crisis period, we use a novel approach of Quantile-on-Quantile regression (QQ) and Granger-causality in qu...

The hydrologic cycle is a probably better known to lay persons as the water cycle. It is really a conceptual model that describes the changing phases of water from liquid to gas (evaporation), gas to liquid (condensation), liquid to solid (freezing), solid to liquid (melting), gas to solid and solid to gas (both termed sublimation).All these changi...

Today, China is the second-largest, fastest-growing economy in the world. This study analyzes asymmetric and time-varying impact of world energy prices (including world energy prices index, world coal prices, world crude oil prices, and world natural gas prices) on China’s CO2 emissions. We used a non-linear ARDL (NARDL) model and wavelet analysis...

The study empirically investigated the determinants of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by using energy utilization intensity, and globalization. The investigation to determine linear, inverted U shaped or N shaped relationship between CO2 emission and GDP is conducted using a panel ARDL approach. 64 countries are selected for making two panel data m...

The effect of flooding on residential property values (RPV) is a major concern to all property buyers and owners. Although numerous studies have already discussed the risk of devaluation of those properties situated in flood prone areas, those that focused on the impact of flooding on residential properties in Malaysia are still limited. This paper...

Purpose- This article reviews literature related to peer effects and different financial decisions. It further summarizes the theory and motives that drive peer effects. Also, the study highlights the influence of industry concentration on peer interaction in financial decision making. This content analysis of scantily available peer effect literat...

Purpose- This article reviews literature related to peer effects and different financial decisions. It further summarizes the theory and motives that drive peer effects. Also, the study highlights the influence of industry concentration on peer interaction in financial decision making. This content analysis of scantily available peer effect literat...

This paper investigates the efficiency level of schools and its effects on child labour and academic performance in Nigeria. Dataset were obtained from School Census (SC 2014/15 Session) and SocioEconomic Survey (SES 2014) with a total observation of 117 schools and 1125 pupils ages 10 to 14 years. The study used DEA and Tobit model and found some...

This study investigates the influence of systemic banking crises, currency crises and global financial crisis on the relationship of foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in China by using the annual time series data from the period of 1982 to 2014. The Johansen and Juselius (J–J) cointegration, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) b...

This paper evaluates the theoretical and empirical basis of the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) and porter hypothesis (PH). The PHH claims that owing to international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI), the developing countries have become the pollution haven for the advanced countries. The PH portraits an opposite picture than the PHH. Acc...

Flood disaster has incurred remarkable costs to human, social and economic aspects, affectng not only the local but natonal and world economy as well. Flood is the most significant natural hazard in Malaysia, partcularly in terms of its frequency and duraton, size of the affected areas and economic damages. This paper examines the impacts of flood...

The present study attempts to examine the Islamic home financing using the modified theory of planned behavior model (TPB). Sample data of 375 are conveniently drawn from walk-in customers of Islamic banks located in the biggest city Karachi. This study employed both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the validi...

This study examines the impact of government spending efficiency on the economic growth of 115 countries with value-added tax (VAT) system. We seek to examine the moderating role of the VAT system on the relationship between public spending efficiency and the economic growth. Using Generalized Method of Moments estimation based on two-step estimate...

Purpose This study aims to investigate the influence of systemic banking crises, currency crises and global financial crisis on the relationship between export and economic growth in China by using the annual time series data from the period of 1972 to 2014. Design/methodology/approach The Johansen and Jeuuselius’ cointegration, auto regressive di...

The paper examines the dynamic relationship between the series of monetary aggregates M1 and M2 for the period 1972-2014. M1 and M2 are the dependent variables, while the explanatory variables are real income, discount rate, inflation rate, real exchange rate, and remittances. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration is used to investigate...

Ensuring food security depends on sufficient intake of nutrition. However, malnutrition is a very serious problem and on-going concern in conflict-affected five countries in South Asia. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and other international organizations accepted that conflict is a unique reason for malnutrition in conflict-af...

Malaysia is a flood-prone country, especially in the east coast state of Kelantan which is exposed to seasonal monsoon floods. Floods are a major seasonal environmental disaster affecting Kelantan state, bringing significant flood losse, viz. direct or indirect losses and tangible or intangible losses. The December 2014 flood that hit Kelantan stat...

The hydrologic cycle is a probably better known to lay persons as the water cycle. It is really a conceptual model that describes the changing phases of water from liquid to gas (evaporation), gas to liquid (condensation), liquid to solid (freezing), solid to liquid (melting), gas to solid and solid to gas (both termed sublimation).All these changi...

Recently,the government has decided that Malaysia would introduce a minimum wage policy. However,some quarters argued against the idea of a nationwide minimum wage asserting that it will lead to an increase in the cost of doing business and thus will hurt Malaysian competitiveness. Although standard economic theory unambiguously implies that wage f...

This study investigates the influence of liquidity position and financial leverage on the relationship of share price with firm size and dividend payouts in Pakistan by using the annual panel data of 356 non-financial firms listed on Karachi stock exchange from the period of 1999 to 2013. Pedroni panel cointegration approach confirms the valid long...

In assessing the impact of child labor hours and educational performance on child relationship with head, an analytical model was developed based on the theories of Basu and Van (1998), and Fan (2011). Empirical data were obtained from socio-economic survey (SES) 2014, with a sample size of 845 primary school pupils ranging from 10 to 14 years of a...

The objective of the study is to examine the impact of Shiroro hydro electricity dam (SHED) on the happiness of the host community. In order to achieve this aim, propensity score matching techniques is employed, which involved two research points – Shiroro community where the dam is installed (treatment group) and Gurara community with similar rive...

The recent literatures indicate that the tourism development (TD) has significant influence over the environmental degradation of both high-tourist-arrival and low-tourist-arrival countries. This study investigates the empirical influence of TD on environmental degradation in a high-tourist-arrival economy (i.e. United States), using the wavelet tr...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the directors’ socioeconomic backgrounds on the risk-taking behavior of the listed commercial banks in China. Design/methodology/approach The generalized least square method and Arellano and Bover’s (1995) generalized method of moment were used to study the relationship between the dire...

Despite the large body of research on foreign direct investment, domestic savings, domestic investment and economic growth, little has been done to investigate the relationships among them. This paper examines the relationships among foreign direct investment, domestic savings, domestic investment, and economic growth in 16 Sub-Saharan African (SSA...

Flood disaster has become a natural concern to the land owners where it raised a critical issue in term of land value depreciation. Previous studies have discussed the issue of potential decline in the value of land which are located on the flood-liable area. However, in Malaysia, current studies on flood impact are considered limited and do not fo...

This paper investigates students’ enthusiasm and their performance over the programme they were given using 400 observations of new students from faculty of management and social sciences. Using ordinary least square motivation, the results indicate that number of peers positively influence their performance, while change of student programme by un...

This paper examines the relationship between financial market regulation, country governance and efficiency of commercial banks in East Asian economies during the period 2001-2008 using a two-stage estimation technique. In the first stage, we employ a non-parametric approach—Data Envelop­ment Analysis (DEA)—to estimate the banks’ cost and profit ef...

This paper evaluates the efficiency level of public schools and child performance from selected schools in Katsina and Niger State. The study used two dataset - LGEAs and Nigerian-Socio-Economic Statistics (N-SES) 2014 and applied DEA and Tobit models. The result obtained from the DEA shows that some schools are efficient while others are not, base...

Conflicts in the form of civil war, ethnic tensions and political discord are of enduring concern and a major bottleneck to economic development in Sri Lanka. Three decades of civil war and unethical political culture have caused severe economic problems for the country, including slower rate of growth and a huge defence expenditure. The aim of thi...

Since the nineties, Pakistan like other developing economies has excessively been using various regulations, restrictions, and financial liberalization to transform the financial sector. The financial sector being less state-directed has remained open to foreign banks and non-banks financial institutions, enhancing competition in the market. This p...

The quality of education, which determines school performances, is accepted as a key pillar of human capital development. However, military expenditure and conflict are enduring concerns and appear to be the main barriers to effective school performance in most of the developing world. This study attempts to examine the effect of conflict and milit...

Although, there is abundant research on the fiscal deficit-inflation relationship, little has been done to investigate the non-linear association between them, particularly in Africa. This study employs fixed-effects and GMM estimators to examine the non-linear relationship between deficits and inflation from 1999 to 2011 in 51 African economies, w...

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of foreign capital inflows and economic growth on stock market capitalization in Pakistan by using the annual time series data from the period of 1976 to 2011. Design/methodology/approach – The autoregressive distributed lag bound testing cointegration approach, the error correction m...

Although many empirical studies have been conducted on the determinants of savings, little has been done to examine the effect of corruption on savings, particularly in the ECOWAS region. This study employs OLS and TSLS-instrumental variable techniques that take into account random effects to investigate the effect of corruption on savings, in addi...

The choice to visit a park depends on individual preferences and understanding these preferences will be useful to parks' management decisions on facilities and infrastructure needs and maintenance. Choice experiment (CE) method is used to inform parks' management in Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia on the social values of attributes available at the pa...

This paper analyzed whether the child quantity-quality (CQQ) trade-off is applicable in the case of Malaysia. Utilizing the instrumental variable (IV) method, our analysis produces results that are consistent with the hypothesis that the trade-off is unlikely to be applicable to Malaysia as a whole due to the generous public provision of education....

Despite the abundant research on economic development, corruption and political instability, little research has attempted to examine whether there is a causal relationship among them. This paper examines the causal relationship among corruption, political instability and economic development in the ECOWAS using the Granger causality test within a...

Although the determinants and impacts of economic development, corruption, political instability and aid have been investigated, little has been done to examine the causal relationships among them. This paper investigates the causal relationships among economic development, corruption, political instability and aid in the Economic Community of West...

The phrase “making it” or “made it” is a common phenomenon that posits ones money-making status or the wealth one has acquired in Nigerian society. The word is mainly used to describe or applaud people that have amassed wealth in the government leadership roles or used by leadership cohorts to describe their act in the business of embezzlement of p...

This paper employs VAR model and granger causality test to investigate the relationship between fiscal deficits, money supply and inflation in African countries during the period 1999-2011. The VAR results indicate the existence of a unidirectional causality from fiscal deficits to money supply and inflation, and a feedback causality between inflat...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the microfinance involvement of women's household decision making.The cross sectional data for this study is collected by using questionnaires. Using random sampling, 744 households are selected from female clients of Khushhali Bank and National Rural Support Program in Bahawalpur Division, Pak...

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of microfinance involvement of women's freedom of movement empowerment. The cross sectional data for this study is collected by using questionnaires. Using random sampling, 744 households are selected from female clients of Khushhali Bank and National Rural Support Program from three districts nam...

This paper employs PCSE, OLS and TSLS with random effects to investigate the impact of the political instabilityincome interaction on savings in ECOWAS countries during the period 1996-2012. The empirical evidence illustrates that higher political stability is associated with higher savings and income levels moderate the adverse effect of political...

This paper examines how the choice of three broad categories of automobiles in Malaysia (i.e. Proton, Perodua, and foreign automobiles) is affected by a change in the price of a specific car model. Using a sample of 478 automobile owners in Malaysia, a discrete choice analysis is conducted based on the conditional logit model. In general, it is fou...

This paper examines the relationship between bank efficiency and stock returns in selected ASEAN countries for the period 1987-2007. We first estimate the cost and profit efficiency of the sample of listed banks using the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. We then test both variables for co-integration and estimate the panel v...

The hedonic pricing model (HPM) has been used to identify the values of residential property due to flood impact. Most of the previous studies had been conducted using flood frequency and flood depth to measure flood variables rather than flood duration. The hedonic pricing study presented here investigated the effect of flood duration on residenti...

Traditional knowledge in Local wisdom in adapting to and coping with flood disasters in ASEAN countries

Faktor Polisi dan Tindakan Pengurusan Banjir Dalam Mempengaruhi Keberkesanan Pelaksanaan Manual Saliran Mesra Alam (MSMA).

Demand for wireless services is ever increasing due to wireless technology advances, which directly relates to the increasing demand for spectrum bandwidths. Due to the high demand, thus spectrum has become scarce. As a result, spectrum bandwidths have become important and need to be effi ciently assigned to potential and demanding service provider...

The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the use of different data coding give different results in the estimation of consumer choice model. The results of the analysis indicate that both dummy and effect coding produce similar results in terms of the model goodness of fit and coefficient of price. However, the estimated coefficients are d...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze technical efficiency of provinces in China and the ways the efficiency is affected by human capital factors using the stochastic frontier approach. The results of the study show that the Eastern region is the most efficient one as compared to the Western and Central region with average efficiency scores of 54...

This study examines the inflationary effects of fiscal deficits in seven developing African countries namely - Botswana, Burundi, Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, and Tunisia, over the period 1981-2007 for which complete dataset were available. Employing the OLS and panel data estimation techniques, the study confirms that deficits are necessar...

This paper examined the causal relationship between tourism and economic growth in Malaysia by using panel time-series approach. Results from the panel cointegration analysis suggest the existence of cointegration between international tourism receipts and real economic growth. Results of the panel causality test based on the error correction model...

This paper examined the causal relationship between tourism and economic growth in Malaysia by using panel time-series approach. Results from the panel cointegration analysis suggest the existence of cointegration between international tourism receipts and real economic growth. Results of the panel causality test based on the error correction model...

This paper analyses public spending efficiency and the effect of political and economic factors on public spending efficiency in East Asian countries for the period 2000-2007. In the first stage, the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach is used to estimate public spending efficiency scores. In the second stage, the Tobit regressi...

This paper analyzes how the household head's choice among three automobiles (Proton, Perodua and foreign automobiles) in Malaysia is affected by the household characteristics and also changes in the household characteristics by using the multinomial logit model. The results show that Perodua is more preferable to older person compared to foreign au...

As wireless technology advances, demand for spectrum bandwidth increases and thus, spectrum has become scarce. As a scarce resource, spectrum bandwidths need to be efficiently allocated to potential service providers. Hence, this paper presents an efficient integrated approach in allocating spectrum volumes, whereby the approaches of Analytic Hiera...

Numerous studies ranging from firm- to macro-level have been done on the impact of FDI on the host countries. However, to our knowledge, there are very few attempts to investigate whether the origin of FDI exerts different spillover effects on host countries. Hence, the objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of FDI inflows from countries...

Public capital hypothesis explains that a positive relationship exists between private and public investment. This paper examines the validity of the hypothesis by using a panel time series analysis on four sectors of the Malaysian economy (agriculture, industry and trade, transportation and communication, and construction). Panel co-integration an...

Numerous studies ranging from firm- to macro-level have been done on the impact of FDI on the host countries. However, to our knowledge, there are very few attempts to investigate whether the origin of FDI exerts different spillover effects on host countries. Hence, the objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of FDI inflows from countries...