Mohammed Fayyadh

University of Basrah · Department of Plant Protection

The results of survey for the the season 2020/2021 showed that the incidence of date palm fruit rot ranged between 2-6% . The results of isolation on PDA showed the occurance of several fungi associated with date palm fruit rot , the most important of which are :-Aspergillus niger;A.favus ; Alternaria alternata ;Cladosporium spp, Sordaria spp and C...

Control of Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease Caused By Cercospora beticola on Swiss Chard by Aqueous Extract of Some Plants Mohammed, A. Fayyadh (1)* and Ridha, S. Baqer (1) (1). Plant protection Department, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, (*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohammed, A. Fayyadh. E-Mail: muamer2010@yahoo.com). Received: 20/12/2021...

This experiment was conducted in the fields and laboratories of the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah for the period from 2020-2021 for the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of water and alcoholic extracts of some plants (oleander, henna, bitter melon, Cinammon, white wormwood, pomegranate peels, carps and eucalyptus) in control ce...

Fungi associated with date palm offshoot produced by Tissue culture technic .

يتضمن كتاب أفات نخيل التمر ثمانية فصول ثلاث فصول تخص أمراض النخيل المتسببه عن الفطريات والبكتريا والنيماتودا والامراض الفسيولوجية والفصول الاخرى تخص الحشرات التي تصيب النخيل والافات غير الحشرية والطيور والقوارض

Black scorch is one of the most important diseases that affect date palm trees, Thielaviopsisparadoxa is the main cause of this disease all over the world .In this study, Neodeightoniaphoenicum isolated from palm trees infected with black scorch disease in tissue culture palm orchards in Basrah Governorate .The fungus identified morphologically and...

Leaf spot disease is considered one of the most common diseases that affect the date palm. Many fungi have been recorded across the world causing this disease. Phoma costarricensis was isolated from date palm trees affected by leaf spot disease. Morphological and molecular characteristics confirmed the identification of P. costarricensis. The Nitro...

2021. ‫تق‬ ‫و‬ ‫كفاءة‬ ‫يم‬ ‫ال‬ ‫من‬ ‫الت‬ ‫عز‬ ‫بكتيريا‬ ‫الخيطية‬ (Actinomycetes) ‫الخيار‬ ‫ات‬ ‫بادر‬ ‫موت‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫مكافحة‬ ‫في‬ ‫المتسبب‬ Kuhn Rhizoctonia solani ‫العربية‬ ‫النبات‬ ‫وقاية‬ ‫مجلة‬. ، 39 (4 :) 281-88 2. 281288 39.4.-https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP ‫ة‬ ‫الفتر‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫اسة‬ ‫الدر‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫يت‬ ‫أجر‬ 2017-2018 ‫ال‬ ‫عزل‬ ‫بهدف‬ ‫يا‬ ‫بك...

يتضمن الفصل أهم الادوات التي يجب ان تتوفر في نختبر أمراض النبات ، أضافة الى انواع الاوساط الزرعية المستعملة في تنمية الفطريات والبكتريا الممرضة للنبات وكذلك الصبغات والمحاليل الضرورية للعمل في مختبر أمراض النبات

In recent years, the cultivation of date palm offshoots which produced by tissue culture technique has expanded in Basrah province. Black Scorch and leaf spot disease has been observed in many date palm orchard planted with tissue culture offshoots. Several fungi were isolated from black scorch and leaf spot symptoms, the most important of which ar...

This study was conducted at the college of Agriculture / University of Basrah during 2020/2021 season ,with aim of isolating the endophytic bacteria from internal tissue of healthy tomato plants and their associated weeds and evaluating their efficiency in reducing tomato wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici. Ten isolates out of eight...

This study was conducted at the college of Agriculture / University of Basrah during 2020/2021 season ,with aim of isolating the endophytic bacteria from internal tissue of healthy tomato plants and their associated weeds and evaluating their efficiency in reducing tomato wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici. Ten isolates out of eight...

This chapter about the most important date palm diseases caused by fungi .

Conference dat 17-18/2021

conference date 17-18/2021

Terminal bud rot is common and important disease in Iraq

في هذا الفصل تم التطرق الى اهم الاليات التي تستخدمها المسببات الممرضة للنبات وخاصة الفطريات والبكتريا في احداث المرض للنبات كالانزيمات والسمومو والتداخل مع منظمات النمو والمعايير التي تستخدم في تحديد دور هذه المركبات في احداث المرض النباتي

Thirty-nine isolates of Actinomycetes were isolated from different sources such as rhizosphere and plant roots of Alfalfa, Clovers, cowpea, Mung bean, sorghum and date palms. Biochemical tests showed that all isolates were gram positive and capable of producing amylase, catalase and gelatinase enzymes. The isolates showed a positive test for gram s...

This study was carried out in the laboratories and fields of Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and aimed at isolating and identifying Trichoderma spp. from different agricultural soils in Basrah and evaluating of the efficacy of some polymeric materials in the formulation of T. longibrachiatum as biofungicides. The results show...

This study was carried out in the laboratories and fields of Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and aimed at isolating and identifying Trichoderma spp. from different agricultural soils in Basrah and evaluating of the efficacy of some polymeric materials in the formulation of T. longibrachiatum as biofungicides. The results show...

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Plant Protection Department/College of Agriculture/University of Basra between 2016 and 2017.The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Chaetomium globosum and some other saprophytic fungi to control of tomato leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata . The result of this study showed...

Thirty-nine isolates of Actinomycetes were isolated from different sources such as rhizosphere and plant roots of Alfalfa, Clovers, cowpea, Mung bean, sorghum and date palms. Biochemical tests showed that all isolates were gram positive and capable of producing amylase, catalase and gelatinase enzymes. The isolates showed a positive test for gram s...

أجريت هذه الدراسة في كلية الزراعة / جامعة البصرة للفترة من 2007-2008 بهدف دراسة تأثير بعض المبيدات الحشرية وهي Sword و Eagle و Endosulfan و Diazinon و Match و Vertimite في إصابة نبات الطماطه بمرض تبقع الأوراق الالترناري المتسبب عن الفطر A.alternata . أظهرت نتائج الدراسة المختبرية إن جميع المبيدات المستعملة ثبطت نمو الفطر A.alternata وقد كان أكثرها...

This study has been conducted at the College of Agriculture \Basrah University between2007-2008 in an attempt to study the effect of some insecticide such as( Sword , Eagle , Vertimite , Endosulfan , Diazinon , and Match ) on infection of tomato with Alternaria leaf spot caused by the fungus Alternaria alternate . The lab results showed that all th...

This chapter include the content of the book

A 28 Actinomycetes isolates which collected from different environmental sources in Basra province were described as Gram positive and are characterized by producing branching hyphae. Two isolates were identified by molecular analysis of 16 S r RNA gene. Molecular identification confirmed that two isolates of Actinomycetes from soil had a similarit...

تضمن الكتاب أثنا عشر فصلا .الفصل الاول الثاني تناول تاريخ علم امراض النبات ومراحل تطور المرض وتناول الفصل لاالثالث طرق تشخيص مسببات امراض النبات بالطرق التقليدية والجزيئية وتناول الفصل الرابع أليات حدوث المرض كا الانزيمات والسموم ومنظمات النمو وتناول الفص الخامس الوسائل التي يستخدمها النبات في مقاومة مسببات امراض النبات وتطرق الفصل السابع الى طرق م...

A 28 Actinomycetes isolates which collected from different environmental sources in Basra province were described as Gram positive and are characterized by producing branching hyphae. Two isolates were identified by molecular analysis of 16 S r RNA gene. Molecular identification confirmed that two isolates of Actinomycetes from soil had a similarit...

Wilt death disease on date palm tissue culture offshoots is a new interested phenomenon observed in Iraq since a several years, represented by fungal disease infecting plants in pots and/or soil, causing graduate wilt starts from down fronds to the top, ending with death. The survey results revealed that infection percentage ranged from 4% in Abulk...

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Plant Protection Department / college of Agriculture / University of Basra during the period from 2015-2016. The survey results showed that Rose leaf spot diseases spread in all the nurseries surveyed, but the highest incidence rate and disease severity were recorded in Khurh nurseries ( 62.3% and...

This study was conducted to identify Fusarium spp. isolated from tomato plant in Iraq and China. A total of 12 isolates from Iraq (1-12) and four isolates from China (M1-M4) were used in this study. Based on Morphological characteristics (color, growth pattern, Macro and Micro-conidia shape) high differences between Fusarium isolates were found. Se...

This study was conducted to identify Fusarium spp. isolated from tomato plant in Iraq and China. A total of 12 isolates from Iraq (1-12) and four isolates from China (M1-M4) were used in this study. Based on Morphological characteristics (color, growth pattern, Macro and Micro-conidia shape) high differences between Fusarium isolates were found. Se...

Isolation and Identification of Fungi Associated with Date Palm Leaflet Blight Disease and its Chemical and Biological Control Mohammed A. Fayadh, Yehya A. Saleh and Dherghim, S. Lefta* Department of Plant protection, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq *dherghim@gmail.com Abstract: This study was carried out at the laboratories of D...

This experiment was carried out in a special orchard at Abol-Khasib region, South of Basrah. Rhizomes of cogon grass were cultivated in a muddy soil which was sterilized with bazmid and treated with two species of pathogens Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma harzianum in addition to solarization using yellow, blue and black plastic sheets extended...

Summary This study was carried out at the laboratories of plant protection Department –College of Agriculture – Basrah University. The study aimed to detect the leaflet blight disease for different date palm cultivars such as Chipchap ,Sayer , Zehdi and Khodrawi at three regions , Medainah , Nashwa and Abu Al-Khaseeb . The results showed that the i...

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of some physical means in degrading Aflatoxin B1. Thirty five isolates of Aspergillus flavus were obtained from different dry fruits and their capacity to produce Aflatoxin B1 was determined by different methods such as Ultra Violet light at 365 ƞm, ammonia vapor and thin layer chromatography (TLC). Some...

In this study, 32 isolates of Rhizoctonia has been isolated from several host plants belonging to different geographic areas from Basrah and recipes all isolates were identical to the species R. solani, R. solani isolates was named Rs2 - Rs32 and the Binuclear R. solani isolate was named BRs15. Based pathogenicity test the results showed that all i...

This study was carried out in plant protection Department labs and fields of Agriculture college in period during 2013-2014 in order to study the effect of leaves extracts of three plant,Conocarpus,Eucalptus and Cabbege,as well as ,three types of organic wastes,Cows,Sheeps and Poultry manure for reducing charcoal Rot disease caused by Macrophomina...

This study was carried out in plant protection Labs,Agriculture College,University of Basrah during 2012-2013 to study the effect of some Biopesticide and extract of indian mustard Brassica juncea on early blight of Tomato plants caused by Alternaria solani ,laboratry study showed that Siliqua pericarp were more effective in inhibition the growth o...

Biopesticide from Beauveria bassiana which were isolated from soil were obtained by using local materials. According to the number of spores/g of each material, two formulas were chosen. Formula A consist of 300 g (B. bassiana) grown on rice seeds + 400 g CaCO3 + 100 of hornwort + 200 g of kaolinite. Formula B consist of 300 g (B. bassiana) grown o...

This study was conducted in Mycotoxin laboratory/College of Agriculture /University of Baghdad to evaluate seeds contamination of local and imported wheat with Deoxynivalenol(DON),and to test the ability of sodium sulfate and Fylax for detoxification of DON toxin . Results of fungal isolation showed that several fungi such as Alternaria. Aspergillu...

The effects of insect and acaricides (Match, Vertimic) , insecticide (Actara) and fungicide(Ridomil) in growth and antagonistic activity were evaluated for Trichoderma harzianum agansit Rhizoctonia solani . The results showed that the Match was the most effective in inhibition the growth of R.solani as the inhibition percentage reaches 72.1% compar...

This study was amaid to evaluate the affectivity of some biological control agents as Pseudomonase fluoresence ; Bacillus subtilis ;Paecilomyces fumosoroseus ;Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzanium in inhibition the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Schl f.sp lycopersici in P.D.A. and reduce infection of tomato plant by fusarium wilt disease in th...

The effects of insect and acaricides (Match, Vertimic) , insecticide (Actara) and fungicide(Ridomil) in growth and antagonistic activity were evaluated for Trichoderma harzianum agansit Rhizoctonia solani . The results showed that the Match was the most effective in inhibition the growth of R.solani as the inhibition percentage reaches 72.1% compar...

This study was conducted in plant protection department Agriculture College and Marin Center University of Basrah 25 isolates of Psedomonas fluorescens were obtained from different geographical area. The isolate were identified according to their biochemical profile and differences between five isolate were done by RAPD-PCR .Results of antagonism t...

This study was conducted in plant protection Dept,Agriculure college,University of Basrah during 2009-2010 in aim to evaluate the effectivety of some some chemical and biological treatments in control of date palm inflorescence rot .result showed that fungicide Score (Diffenoconazole 25%) was more effective in inhibition the growth of two pathogeni...

This study was conducted at plant protection Department/College of Agriculture/ University . of Basrah to evaluate the efficiency of some Biological and chemical factors and there interaction in control Tomato damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed that biological control agent (Trichoderma harzianum ; Bacillus subtili...

This work was carried out at the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah during 2004-2006 to study the effect of some environmental factors on charcoal rot disease of sunflower caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Results showed that infection with M. phaseolina increased when the level of water salinity increased The incidence and disease sever...

This study has been conducted at the College of Agriculture \Basrah University between2007-2008 in an attempt to study the effect of some insecticide such as( Sword , Eagle , Vertimite , Endosulfan , Diazinon , and Match ) on infection of tomato with Alternaria leaf spot caused by the fungus Alternaria alternate . The lab results showed that all th...

This study was aimed to evaluate the affectivity of some chemical and biological factors (the fungicide Esla, copper, and salicylic acid) and the bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens pf. DS singularly or collectively in reduce infection of plant tomato by disease Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schl f.sp lycopersici.The results showe...

This study was conducted at the college of Agriculture, University of Basra; Laboratories of( IPA) center and Laboratories of General Association of plant protection / Baghdad / Abu-Graib. In order to detect Tomato Yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) by using Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and Tissue-Blot Immuno Assay (TBIA) as well as Bioas...

This study was carried out in the laboratory and field of College of Agriculture /University of Basrah during the years 2004-2007 to evaluate the effectiveness of soil solarization and powders of some plants in control Charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina on Sunflower plant. The field results showed that soil solarization used wit...

T h is study has been conducted at the College of Agriculture \Basrah University between2007-2008 in an attempt to study the effect of some insecticide such as( Sword , Eagle , Vertimite , Endosulfan , Diazinon , and Match ) on infection of tomato with Alternaria leaf spot caused by the fungus Alternaria alternate . The lab results showed that all...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum , fungicides and there combination against the pathogenic fungus Chalaropsis radicicola causing date palm offshoots death .The study of antagonism between the fungus T.harzianum and C.radicicola showed that the biofungus completely inhibited the growth of C.ra...

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum , fungicides and there combination against the pathogenic fungus Chalaropsis radicicola causing date palm offshoots death .The study of antagonism between the fungus T.harzianum and C.radicicola showed that the biofungus completely inhibited the growth of C.ra...

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Plant Protection Department/ Agriculture College/University of Basrah during the period of 2007-2008 in order to isolate and identify the fungi associated with the phenomenon of date palms offshoots deterioration and death in Basrah. The results of the survey study indicated that highest percentag...

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Plant Protection Department/ Agriculture College/University of Basrah during the period of 2007-2008 in order to isolate and identify the fungi associated with the phenomenon of date palms offshoots deterioration and death in Basrah. The results of the survey study indicated that highest percentag...

This study was carried out in the laboratories of Department of plant protection /College of Agriculture /University of Basrah to evaluate the effectiveness of water and alcoholic extracts of some aquatic weeds on the growth of Alternaria alternata and the ability to protect Tomato plants to be infected by this fungs. The results showed that water...

This study was carried out at College of Agriculture, Basrah University from 2004-2006, in order to investigate the effect of some Biological agents to control of Macrophomina phaseolina the causal agent of charcoal rot disease on sunflowers. The result has shown that isolates of T.harzianum ; Tq and TB isolated from Qurna twon and Berjisiyah respe...

This study was carried out to survey leaf spot disease severity on different date palm cultivars in three regions of Basrah city. The results showed that the severity of infection reached higher rate in Shatt-Al-Arab region (37.33%) compared to Abul-Khasseb region 32.66%. Zahdi cultivar recorded highest rate of infection severity, which reached 44%...

This study was conducted at the Department of plant protection, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah to evaluate the efficiency of some fungicides and Pseudomonas fluorescens against the growth of Rhizoctonia solani and control the root and stalk rot Disease caused by this fangs. Result of fungi isolation from root and stalk rotted broad be...

This study was conducted in 2002-2003 to study the percentage of Terminal bud Rot caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa in Basrah . The survey result which were carried out randomly in some Basrah locations showed that highest infection percentage recorded at Shatt.Al-Arab 7.42 and Al-Deer 6.62 % followed by Al-Qurna and Al-Medina Orchard ,while the low...

This study was carried out to survey leaf spot disease severity on different date palm cultivars in three regions of Basrah city. The results showed that the severity of infection reached higher rate in Shatt-Al-Arab region (37.33%) compared to Abul-Khasseb region 32.66%. Zahdi cultivar recorded highest rate of infection severity, which reached 4...

This study was carried out in laboratories of plant protection department, Agriculture College. to evaluate susceptibilty of different cultivars of Date palm (produced by seed and tissue culture) to infection by terminal bud rot disease caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa. The results of survey of terminal bud rot disease in different locations in Bas...

This study was conducted in Agri.college .University of Basrah to evaluate the efficiency of tow isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Bc,B1)for control the tow spotted spider mite on Tomato plants laboratory experiment revealed that the tow isolates had significant effect on reducing the number of different instars of the spider mite.However,percentage...

Results of this study showed that fungicide Switgch was the most effective against Botrytis cinerea compared to other fungicides .Percentage of growth inhibition reached 90% in Switch treatment compared to 71.8 , 64,5 and 48 .4% for Ronilan , Rover and Ridomil Gold respectively. When these fungicide applied in field experiment for three interval th...

Thirty three fungal species related to 17 genera were isolated including 26 species belonging to class Hyphomycetes,while the other seven species are belonging to Zygomycetes,Oomycetes and Ascomycetes.Alternaria,Aspergillus,Cladosporium,Fusarium and Trichoderma showed high frequency through out summer and winter.Also,Fusarium oxysporium and Penicil...

This study was conducted in the college of Agriculture /university ofBasrah to evaluate the effeciency of some fungi on control of Taragama(=Steroblote)siva.The fungi isolated from larva and pupa of T.siva were Cunniinghamella echinulata,Mucor sp,Chaetomium globosum,C.funicola,Alternaria alternata,Pencillium spp,Scedosporium sp,different species of...

Thielavopsis paradoxa was first isolated from stalk and strand of different varieties of date palm .Symptomes on stalk appeared as dry rot lesion on infected tissue.The survey of disease revealed that high infection rate was recorded on kasab cultivar while less infection rate was recorded onBerhi cultivar.Laboratory experiment showed that carbendi...

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of solarization and some chemical and biological treatment as component of integrated disease control of Fusarium wilt on Tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici .Result showed that soil covered with transparent polyethylene sheet reduced the viability of propagules of F.oxysporum f.sp...

This study was carried out at Agriculture College /University of Basrah during 1998-1999 to evalute the effect of growth regulator Cycocel [CCC] on wheat infection by Rhizoctonia solani . Labrotary experiments showed that addition of Cycocel (1000ppm) to PDA media inhibited the growth of R.solani by 19.25% and reduced the mycelium dry weight to 0.2...

Result of this study showed that Paecilomyces lilacinus and Acremonium butyri had no effect against Macrophomina phaseolina.while Trichodermia harzianum showed a high degree of antagonistic activity compared to others.Colony diameter of Macrophomina in a dual culture with T.harzianum reached 4.6cm compared to 9.3,10.3 and 11cm for A.butryi,P.lilaci...

Result of this study revealed that flooding of soil reduced the percentage of Sclerotial germination of Macrophomina phaseolina by 63% and this effect increased by increasing flooding period.Soil Solarization reduced Sclerotial viability of this fungus by 52% and this effecct varied by increasing mulching period and deep of burried.

Application of Cross-Protection method by treating the soil with different isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina before the inoculation with the host isolate reduced the disease severity(D.S)compared to that treated with host isolate only.On this basis,Sunflower plants grown in soil treated with soybean isolate have lesser (D.S)27.2% than that treate...

This study was conducted at the College of Agricuture-abu Ghrab,Bagdad to study the sensitivity of different isolate of Macrophomina phaseolina to potassium Chlorate and to determine host preference of the fungus . The results showed that M.phaseolina isolated from Sunflower,Sesame,Soybean,and Cotton varied in their sensitivity to potassium Chlorat...

The result showed a highly significant differences in disease severity between the sunflower genotype.the growth parameter ,yield and oil percentage were also effected by M.phaseolina,this effect varied according to the genotype.It was found that the different fungal isolates from sunflower,soybean,sesame and cotton were varied in their pathogenici...

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of bacterization on rice crop for the first time .A special strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens was isolated and found to be totally prevent the growth of major soil phytopathology fungi of various classes(Sclerotium oryazae,Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium oxysporium,Pythium aphanidermatum and Phytopthora...

isolation from glyphosate-treated plants(Imperata cylindrica)yielded some pathogenic fungi and the most frequently found were Rhizoctonia solani and fusarium oxysporum. The study also showed that glyphosate -treated plants grown in unsterilized soil died faster than those grown in sterilized soil ,The perecentage of plants died in unsterilized soil...

Vegetable and Ornamental production under controlled condition often depends on using pots and containers to produce transplants . This promotes continuous searching to find appropriate germination media for transplant production . Sedge due to its availability in large amounts in Iraqi Marshes was tested to be used as suitable substance for the pu...

This study was indicated that herbicide Trifluralin (1.4,2.8,5.7 gm/L)inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia and Macrophomina phaseolina on (PDA).Trifluralin (10 ppm) reduced Mycelium weight on Czapek broth media .The growth of fungus transferd from Trifluralin amended PDA to Trifluralin free Water agar was faster than fungus transferd from Herbicide...

This study indicated that Herbicide Trifluralin used (1.1 Kg/h) on artificially infested soil with Rhizoctonia solani or Macrophomina phaseolina increased infection of cotton seedling caused by R.solani and M.phaseolina and reduced the survival percentage of cotton plants (21) days old. Cotton seedling (7 days old) transplanted from sterilized soil...