Mohammad M Kamal

• Dr rer nat
• Senior Lecturer at IPB University

Kalimantan sea turtles are considered conservation icons due to their crucial role in maintaining marine ecosystem balance and serving as indicators of global water conditions. However, their population in Paloh District, West Kalimantan, is increasingly threatened by habitat destruction, human activities, and the illegal trade of turtle eggs. This...

is a freshwater fish native to Indonesia, particularly found in the waters of Nagan Raya. Understanding its reproductive biology is crucial for developing sustainable management and conservation strategies. Given this importance, this study aimed to assess the spawning season, sex ratio, Gonadal Maturity Stage (GMS), size at first gonadal maturity...

Palabuhanratu Bay is the terminating flow for some rivers, i.e. the Cimandiri River, Ciletuh River, Cikaso River, and Cibuni River, where the estuary is the entry route for glass eels (Anguilla spp.) or fish seeds from sea waters to these estuaries. Different rivers have different water quality conditions that may imply differences in the quality a...

The freshwater eel, Anguillids, is a valuable nutrition and commodity fish found in various freshwater environments. However, the world's population of Anguillids is declining because of habitat degradation, pollution, and barriers to migration, all of which are prevalent threats in freshwater ecosystems such as the Poso River in Central Sulawesi....

Blue swimming crab ( Portunus pelagicus ) is the main fishery commodity in the Madura Strait, Pamekasan Regency. The sustainability of the crab depends on the suitability of the habitat and the availability of food in the waters. This study aims to analyze the food composition and trophic niches of blue swimming crab in the Madura Strait, Pamekasan...

For decades, the red snapper fishery has been considered a potential demersal fishery in the east part of Java Sea. The fluctuating fishing effort caused the biomass of red snapper has a fluctuate every year. The study’s goal is to analyze the changing conditions of the red snapper fishery in the east part of Java Sea as a basis for developing mana...

Tinfoil barb Barbonymus schwanenfeldii is recognized as one of the potential aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Nonetheless, lack of data on their environmental tolerance causing this issue to become essential to be investigated. The present study was carried out to assess the pH influence on growth and physiological response of juvenile tinfoil...

The truss morphometric method is increasingly used to study fish's morphometric characteristics between populations in different habitats. The white-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) is one of the herbivorous fish associated with a variety of habitats of seagrass meadows adapted to its life cycle. This study aimed to compare the morphometr...

Anisakis is a zoonotic nematode that causes anisakiasis in Europe and Asia.Food safety has recently become a major concern for consumers; therefore, accurate identification of Anisakis larvae is necessary for the correct diagnosis of Anisakis infection in humans and fish and for improving food safety. From 2001 to 2023, Anisakis examinations were c...

This study aims to analyse the genetic diversity of Siganus canaliculatus in the Inner Ambon Bay (IAB) waters. DNA of S. canaliculatus specimens collected from IAB was extracted from tissues using a Tissue Genomic DNA Mini Kit, and partial CO1 genes were amplified using pair of universal primers. Genetic distances were determined by Kimura 2-parame...

Following the decline of Japanese eel catches and the EU European eel trade ban, other regions, such as Southeast Asia, have become increasingly important sources of juvenile anguillid species for aquaculture. Although appropriate fishery management of tropical eel species is urgently required, data collection by the government or scientific author...

Keberadaan penting penyu dalam menjaga keseimbagan ekosistem laut dan potensi ekowisata pantai peneluran penyu perlu dijamin keberlanjutannya. Penurunan populasi penyu beberapa tahun tarakhir yang di akibatkan oleh kerusakan habitat pantai peneluran akibat abrasi pantai dan gangguan habitat penyu bertelur oleh kegiatan antropogenik telah terjadi di...

Keudawah (Rasbora sp.) is a native species found in freshwater, especially Krueng Lanca of Aceh Province, Indonesia. Length-weight relationships (L-WR) and condition factor studies are significant in fisheries, as they offer invaluable insights into fish growth, general welfare, and fitness, especially in freshwater habitats. This study aims to eva...

Hiu martil (Sphyrna spp.) memiliki peluang tertangkap dan tingkat eksploitasi yang tinggi karena bentuk kepala yang unik dan perilaku agregasi remaja di perairan pesisir dangkal. Hiu yang didaratkan di PPI Rigaih umumnya merupakan bycatch, berukuran kecil dan belum dewasa/anakan.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik nelayan di...

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused the use of detergents increased. Detergent waste causes a decline in quality of water, resulting in a decline in water biologic diversity. Sunda prawn (Macrobrachium sintangense De Man) is a native Indonesian prawn. The prevalence of this prawn is currently decreasing. When aquatic organisms are exposed to pollutant...

Privatization, often proposed as a means to regulate natural resource use, sometimes paradoxically leads to overexploitation and social exclusion. Within the unique context of Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency, Indonesia, the privatization of swamp floodplains and rivers via the “Lelang Lebak, Lebung, Sungai” (L3S) system is a testament to this dile...

Diatom has a specific response to particular ecological conditions. They live both planktonic and benthic, which is usually the diversity that has only been documented by microscopic. The information about the diversity of Diatoms is critical as a baseline study for biomonitoring. Thus, in this study, we applied environmental DNA through a next-gen...

Sailfin silversides ( Telmatherina antoniae ) is an endemic species from Matano Lake, South Sulawesi. This study aims to learn about sailfin silversides’ reproductive aspects including sex ratio, length at first maturity, gonad maturity stage, gonad maturity index, fecundity, and egg diameter. Fish samples were taken using multifilament nets from M...

Eel ( Anguilla sp.) is one of the fish that is spread in the world into 18 types with the order Anguilliformes. Eel have a Catalan life cycle pattern which means to start living in the sea, then grow up in freshwater and return to the sea to spawn. Cimandiri River is one of the watersheds where there are many eel fish stocks and has the potential t...

White Spotted Wedgefish (Rhynchobatus australiae) is one of the member Elasmobranch family which is categorized as an endangered species. The R. australiae is the main target by fishers in Tanjung Luar and Maringkik Island. This study was aimed to analyze ecobiological aspect and to estimate economical incentive value of R. australiae fisheries in...

The Medan Sea waters are part of the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (WPPRI 571) and serve as a fishing ground for squid (Uroteuthis spp.) for small-scale fishers based in Belawan, Medan. Information on the condition of the squid fishery in this area is limited, so a scientific study is needed to determine the status of the fishery as a basis...

Eel (Anguilla bicolor) in the grow-out culture requires good fingerling seeds. Increasing the eel productivity can be done by increasing the stocking density, that should be balanced with good environmental and feed management. This study aimed to analyze the production and business performance of fingerlings in a recirculation system to increase t...

Longtail tuna is a pelagic fish that has a wide distribution from the Java Sea to the Natuna Sea or the South China Sea. This study aims to identified the character of the population and determine differences in population/stock of longtail tuna among stock in the Java Sea and the Natuna Sea. Sampling was carried out from May 2018 to April 2019, in...

Increasing of the fisheries problems, especially the decline of fisheries resources stock, made the sustainable issues become intense discussed in fisheries. The importance of the system indicator for fisheries sustainable development are widely known and have been done in several countries through tremendous effort in their fisheries development....

Dugong is a marine mammal that only eats seagrass. Feeding tracks of dugongs in the seagrass beds indicate their presence. The dugong population is currently experiencing a decline due to habitat destruction and other anthropogenic factors. This study aimed to determine the seagrass diversity and their relationship to the presence of dugongs. The r...

Decision in fisheries management must be made based on the best scientific evidence available. In the poor data fisheries, the fish length data can be useful to determine the status of fish population after its exploitation. The target species of the studied fisheries is the red snapper ( Lutjanus malabaricus ) in the eastern Java Sea. This study a...

Ikan tongkol komo (Euthynnus affinis) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekonomis penting yang tertangkap di perairan Laut Jawa sebelah utara Jawa Timur. Tingkat pemanfaatan ikan tongkol komo terus meningkat sehingga perlu dikelola dengan baik untuk keberlanjutannya agar tidak mengalami penurunan stok. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi status su...

The Poropuntius tawarensis fish is an endemic fish of the family Cyprinidae found in Laut Tawar Lake, and has been listed on the Red List. This study aims to reveal the frequency of length distribution, growth patterns and condition factors of the fish in the lake as basic information for conservation. The study was conducted from January to May 20...

The silverside sailfin, Telmatherina sarasinorum Kottelat 1991, is an endemic fish that lives in Matano Lake, South Sulawesi. The purpose of this study is to analyze the stomach contents of T. sarasinorum. The study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019. Samples were collected using bag nets (with mesh size of 0.5 inches). The fish collect...

Due to the increasing demand for animal protein, the Batam Marine Cultivation Fisheries Center (BPBL Batam) developed pompano (Trachinotus spp.) for aquaculture. Because of the different external characteristics, local communities recognized three types of pompano, i.e., bintang, emas, and hibrid pompano. The study aimed to prove the authenticity o...

Giant Snakehead fish (Channa micropeltes, Cuvier, 1831) also known as Toman is a fish species with good taste and high market value. This study aims to reveal the genetic diversity of C. micropeltes population in Sebangau National Park (SNP), Central Kalimantan using molecular analysis with genetic meltings Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)....

Sidat merupakan salah satu ikan konsumsi yang memiliki rasa yang unik serta kaya akan vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, C, D, protein albumin, DHA (Docosapentaenoic acid) dan EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) lebih dikenal dengan omega-3, serta kandungan mineralnya. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan kandungan protein dan steroid serta struktur jaringan di berbagai ba...

not available BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 92-98

Latuconsina H, Kamal MM, Affandi R, Butet NA. 2021. Growth and reproductive biology of White-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) on different seagrass habitats in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 273-285. Seagrass meadows are one of the important habitats for Siganus canaliculatus. This study aimed to compare the growth and repr...

Dugong ( Dugong dugon ) is a protected mammal in Indonesia. Hunting for dugongs is still very high, so that the status of this animal is threatened, one of which is in Tolitoli Regency, Central Sulawesi. Hence, conservation efforts need to be carried out, both species and habitat area. Based on observation and interviews, dugong conservation in Tol...

Abstrak Teluk Cendrawasih (TC) merupakan salah satu teluk terbesar di Indonesia dan merupakan teluk semi tertutup yang memiliki biodiversitas hayati laut tinggi. Lokasi TC yang berada dekat ekuator dan berhadapan dengan Ekuator Samudera Pasifik bagian barat diduga memiliki dinamika dan variabilitas laut yang unik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk men...

Badan Sungai Sebangau, Kalimantan Tengah, terbagi atas induk sungai sebagai wilayah umum dan anak sungai sebagai wilayah penangkapan ikan terkontrol melalui pengelolaan berbasis hak. Di sisi lain, sebagian lintasan sungai tersebut merupakan batas terluar kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Sebangau (TNS). Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifika...

The rivers on the Sukabumi Coast flow into the Indian Ocean. Three major rivers, namely the Cimandiri River, Cikaso River, and Cibuni River, are sources of glass eel fishing. This study aims to determine the recruitment and estimate of glass eel abundance for future glass eel management. The study was conducted from November 2020-April 2021. Estima...

Banten Bay is a developing area that is used by various activities such as fishing ports, industry and hotels. Many activities in the coastal areas of Serang City and Cilegon Regency have a serious impact on the quality of waters and fishery resources along Banten Bay. This study aims to analyze and determine maximum tolerance limit for bandik grou...

Penelitian untuk menyusun kebijakan pengelolaan penangkapan glass eel ikan sidat dilakukan dengan menerapkan analisis RAPFISH. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2017-November 2018 di Sungai Cimandiri Jawa Barat. Analisis RAPFISH untuk menilai status keberlanjutan penangkapan glass eel dilakukan pada lima dimensi keberlanjutan, yaitu dimensi ekolog...

Tapah fish (Wallagonia leerii) is one of the economically valuable and popular fish species because its large size and make it the main target for fishing in the Sebangau River. It is feared that excessive exploitation of these fish can cause a decline and threaten the sustainability of tapah fish, which up to now still depend on nature. This resea...

Ikan belanak (Planiliza subviridis) merupakan salah satu dari beberapa jenis ikan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi di Perairan pantai Karangsong. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 6 bulan (Desember 2012-Mei 2013), bertujuan untuk mengetahui biologi reproduksi ikan tersebut yang tertangkap di perairan pantai Karangsong. Ikan contoh diambil dari ha...

Inland fisheries are a significant sector especially for those living in villages as a source of both nutritious yet affordable food and the community’s income. The increasing pressure on inland fisheries causes a reduction in the amount and size of fish caught as well as the rarity of some species of fish. One measure taken to intensify inland fis...

Sebangau dan Katingan sebagian alirannya menjadi batas terluar dari kawasan konservasi Taman Nasional Sebangau (TNS) Kalimantan Tengah. Kedua sungai mendapat pengaruh langsung dari hutan rawa gambut dan menghasilkan karakteristik perairan hitam. Sungai memiliki sumberdaya ikan yang dimanfaatkan melalui kegiatan perikanan tangkap oleh masyarakat sun...

Flying fish (Exocoetidae) is one important small pelagic fisheries commodity in border areas of Indonesia and Timor Leste. However, the data of population parameters in Ombai Strait are not yet known, which is important to inform unit stock management and sustainable fisheries. This study aimed to provide information about growth and mortality para...

Bycatch is the catch of non-target fish, including what is brought to port which are not is main target of retain and what is discarded at fishing area. Sirib (a type of push net) and bubu (trap) are fishing gear to catch glass eel in the five rivers (both upriver and estuary) from Sukabumi, West Java. The research was conducted in July 2019 to Jan...

Cimandiri River is highly potential for freshwater eel resources in Sukabumi Regency. The high exploitation rate on this eel combined with anthropogenic impacts cause a considerable threat to the sustainability of eel fisheries in the river. This study aims to analyze the socio-economic impact of the freshwater eel fisheries and its implementation...

Glass eel ( Anguilla spp.) are economically important commodities and being intensively exploited by fishermen in Sukabumi Regency, posing a high risk to overfishing and extinction. Socio-economic conditions are considered as the primary driving factor of such unmanaged utilization of these early life guilds. This study aimed to determine the socio...

Saleh Bay is one of the locations where whale sharks ( Rhincodon typus ) occurrence observed in Indonesia and can be found all year round. Whale sharks broadly distributed throughout tropical and sub-tropical waters of the world’s oceans. Immature male is less than 7 m long, while female is less than 10 m, mostly tend to coastal habitat related. Re...

Neritic tuna is an important fishery commodity in the Java Sea, however, the availability of data and information on the fisheries characteristics is still limited. The study was conducted in 2018. Data was collected by researchers with the help of enumerators who monitoring and collecting data from the fishermen. The method used is direct observat...

The sunfish or mola fish (Mola spp.) is one of marine tourism’ icon in Nusa Penida waters where they appear seasonally. This study was aimed to observe the habitat characteristics of mola fish at the depths of diving tourism where they are visible. The research was conducted from July to December 2019 using survey and descriptive methods to obtain...

Ornamental aquaculture is known to be one of the main sources of non-native species and Indonesia has been identified as one of the leading suppliers of these organisms worldwide. Released or escaped ornamental aquatic animals can establish new populations and become invasive. On the other hand, some invasive species can be also endangered in their...

Longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) is one of common economically important pelagic fish species in Indonesia. The objective of this study is examining the biology of reproduction, consisting of length of weight relationship, sex ratio, maturity stage, gonado somatic index (GSI), length at first capture, and length at first maturity and spawning patter...

Hoven’s carp is an indigenous species of freshwater fish which is hihgly potential to be cultured in larger scale. It is omnivorous tend to be herbivorous fish so that it can save cost of feed. Sustainable management is needed in order to optimize the benefits that can be obtained from hoven’s carp aquaculture activities. It needs to pay attention...

The coral reef fisheries activity at the coastal area of Ternate Island may impact the coral reefs' resources and ecosystems in this region. Management and utilization of the coral reef fishery resources that are not accompanied by an understanding of the structure and function of each component of the ecosystem can increase disturbance to the ecos...

Reef fish is a constituent component for coral reef ecosystems, so it is very important to identify the distribution of reef fish species. This study aims to assess the number of reef fish species, diversity, abundance, recruitment, and frequency of size. The results showed that the number of reef fish species on Ternate Island was 42 families, 109...

The main problem of shallow water fisheries is overfishing. To improve the fishing capacity of overfished fisheries is potentially by implementing sea ranching. Sea ranching is a process of releasing juvenile to certain enclose marine water under the process of a put-grow-take system. Two crucial aspects for implementing the sea-ranching system are...

Study on small-pelagic fisheries in the border regions between Indonesia - Timor Leste has taken place in Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara. It was aimed to assess the status of small pelagic management and formulate the strategic and tactical steps for implementing sustainable fisheries management. The study site took place at four villages at the...

Abstract. The demand for glass eel (Anguilla spp.) as a source of seeds for aquaculture activities depended on natural catches continue to increase. It has caused glass eel fishing activities to increase and potentially affect the biological condition and sustainability of fishing activities. The study aims to assess the potential stock, maximum su...

Sailfin catfish indigenous to South America are very popular ornamental fish, having previously been introduced to many regions outside their native range. Two species, namely Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus and P. pardalis, are illegal but widespread in Indonesia. They have formed self-sustaining populations, exploited for feeding of domestic animal...

Ikan baronang Siganus canaliculatus merupakan jenis ikan demersal yang berasosiasi dengan padang lamun sebagai tempat asuhan dan pembesaran, mencari makan dan perlindungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis distribusi spasial S. canaliculatus pada habitat padang lamun berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2018-Juli 2019 di peraira...

Aims: This study aims to assess the value sustainable development opportunity of the coral reef fisheries activities in Indonesia from the ecological, economic, and social aspect, with a case study of coral reef fisheries at the coastal area of Ternate Island, using the Sustainability Window (SuWi) approach. Methodology and Results: The data was co...

Seagrass ecosystem and dugongs (Dugong dugon) are significant features of the northern coastal areas of Toli-toli and its adjacent small islands. Local communities are familiar with the dugongs for some reasons, including activities threatening its population. Therefore, Dugong and Seagrass Conservation Project-Indonesia initiated conservation of t...

Freshwater eels ( Anguilla spp.) are catadromous fish with widely distributed in the world and have long spawning migration. Palabuhanratu Bay is one of the potential areas and high activity for freshwater eels fishing. There have several rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu Bay. Species taxonomy certainty is needed to determine resource management. T...

Managed access with reserved (MAR) is an approach for sustainable fisheries management, combined community-based conservation approach with spatial management to restore and protect Indonesia’s small-scale fisheries. This paper examines the implementation of MAR programs in Batu Belah village of Anambas islands marine recreational park, Riau island...

Sungai merupakan habitat makhluk hidup dimana terjadi hubungan timbal balik antara makhluk hidup dengan lingkungannya. Sungai yang merupakan habitat ikan sidat (Anguilla spp.) harus tetap terjaga agar pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tidak terganggu serta keberadaannya tetap lestari. Ikan sidat pada stadia larva akan bermigrasi dari laut ke perairan su...

The Hamilton’s anchovy (Thryssa hamiltonii Gray, 1835) is one of main target species in Indonesian small pelagic fishery. This engraulids member is characterized by short lifespan and fast reproductive cycle. The research aims were to explore the reproduction aspects of the females Hamilton’s anchovy in terms of changes in length at first maturity,...

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is one of fish species that lives in the flooding swamp area. The flooding swamp area is a shallow waters located in swampy forest area, has water temperature of 2832°C, pH 34, and low oxygen content (24 mg/L). This study aimed to examine the pattern of reproduction in snakehead (Channa striata) in the area of flo...

Rawa lebak lebung is a part of inland waters in South Sumatera which mostly used as the auction object, by granting a monopoly on fishing to Pengemin (auction winners). As an open-access resource, allowing a monopoly is considered to prevent conflicts of resource struggle and overuse. But in practice, the auction is precisely the cause of overexplo...

Freshwater eels (Anguilla spp.) are categorized as the order of Anguilliformes and have unique life cycle characters as a catadromous fish that migrate between freshwaters and sea waters. One of the concepts for fisheries management is fisheries refugia. Fisheries refugia is defined as sustainable use and not simply „no-take zones‟. The concept foc...

Rawa lebak lebung is a part of inland waters in South Sumatera which mostly used as the auction object, by granting a monopoly on fishing to Pengemin (auction winners). As an open-access resource, allowing a monopoly is considered to prevent conflicts of resource struggle and overuse. But in practice, the auction is precisely the cause of overexplo...

As one of the coastal ecosystem, coral reef ecosystem is a magnificent marine ecosystem, where their species richness and composition play an important role for the ability of coral reef ecosystem to respond to the fishing activity and other stressors, where fishing has impacted the fish community, target or non-target reef fish species. The dynami...

Penelitian untuk menyusun kebijakan pengelolaan penangkapan glass eel ikan sidat dilakukan dengan menerapkan analisis RAPFISH. Penelitian dilakukan pada Desember 2017-November 2018 di Sungai Cimandiri Jawa Barat. Analisis RAPFISH untuk menilai status keberlanjutan penangkapan glass eel dilakukan pada lima dimensi keberlanjutan, yaitu dimensi ekolog...

Abstrak : Variasi bentuk dan pola pewarnaan tubuh ikan kerapu (Famili Serranidae) sangat variatif, sehingga pengenalan spesies secara morfologis sering tidak akurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengautentikasi ikan kerapu dengan menggunakan marka gen COI. Contoh ikan kerapu yang diamati berjumlah 29 ekor yang dikumpulkan dari tiga tempat pendara...

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan panjang berat dua spesies ikan kerapu hermafrodit, yaitu kerapu sunu (Plectropomus leopardus) dan kerapu macan (Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus). Sebanyak 1.263 individu ikan yang terdiri dari 609 dan 654 spesies pertama dan kedua, masing-masing dikumpulkan dari perairan Wangi-Wangi dan Ka...

Palabuhanratu bay is one of potential area and high activity for freshwater eels fishing. Species taxonomy certainty is needed to determine resource management. This study aimed to investigate taxonomic status of Anguilla spp. based on Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene markers in seven rivers that flow to Palabuhanratu bay. Sample was collect...

Rawa pesisir merupakan rawa pasang-surut bagian dari ekosistem estuari. Rawa pesisir di Sungai Cimandiri Kabupaten Sukabumi, Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu ekosistem estuari yang memiliki peran ekologi yang penting untuk kehidupan biota air yang menetap maupun yang bermigrasi seperti ikan sidat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji fungsi rawa...

The provision of the whale shark ( Rhincodon typus ) protection status imposed us to formulate an effective interception Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) for the visitor as an effort to manage sustainable fisheries resources. The research was conducted using visual underwater survey (VUS) method and direct observation. The SOP formulation was e...

Yuliana E, Boer M, Fahrudin A, Kamal MM, Pardede ST. 2019. Using ecosystem approach indicators for assessing the ecological status of reef fisheries management in a marine protected area. Biodiversitas 20: 1802-1810. The purpose of this study was to assess the status of reef fisheries management in a marine protected area base on ecosystem approach...

Ujung Kulon National Park (TNUK) employs a management with the zonation system established to maintain the sustainability of resources, one of them are coral reef fish. This study aimed to identify the influence of management status on coral reef fish. Field observations were conducted on 14-22 October 2017 in Ujung Kulon using underwater visual ce...

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status keberlanjutan perikanan elasmobranch di Tanjung Luar, Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Analisis menggunakan metode RAPFISH dengan lima dimensi, yaitu dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, teknologi dan kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan perikanan elasmobranch di Kabupate...

Research to study reef fish was carried out at coastal water of eighteen station in the Marine Protected Area of Dampier Strait, Raja Ampat (MPA-DSRA) on November 2017. Reef fish in the area was observed by using underwater visual census method at a belt transect of 350 m 2 (70 m length, 5 m width). Primary data obtained reef fish found in this res...