Mohammad Hosein Farzaei

• PharmD, PhD
• Professor (Assistant) at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses affecting human beings. They range from panic to generalized anxiety disorders upsetting the well-being and psychosocial performance of patients. Several conventional anxiolytic drugs are being used which in turn result in several adverse effects. Therefore, studies to find suitable safe medici...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent idiopathic inflammatory condition, characterized by disruption of the gut mucosal barrier. This mechanistic review aims to highlight the significance of plant-derived natural compounds as dietary supplements, which can be used in addition to restricted conventional options for the prevention of IBD an...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic condition in which imbalance between anabolic and catabolic mediators occurs leading to the destruction of homeostasis of articular cartilage. The current drugs in the management of OA can just alleviate symptoms. Hence, the research tendency toward exploration of novel sources has been grown up in order to achieve...

Elaeagnus angustifolia L., commonly known as oleaster or Russian olive, is used worldwide as a traditional natural remedy or nutritional agent for the management of a wide range of illnesses. The aim of the present study is to comprehensively review the ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities and phytochemistry of E. angustifolia. Modern s...

Peptic ulcer disease is a multifactorial and complex disease involving gastric and duodenal ulcers. Despite medical advances, the management of peptic ulcer and its complications remains a challenge, with high morbidity and death rates for the disease. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that, among a broad reach of natural molecules, dietary...

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses chronic gastrointestinal conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite their differing pathophysiologies, these conditions are influenced by common factors, including genetics, environmental influences, and gut microbiota. Recent studies suggest that oxidative stress...

Neuropathic pain is a chronic type of pain caused by damage or dysfunction in the nervous system. It can be quite bothersome and often doesn't well respond to common painkillers. Among natural compounds, rutin (Rut) stands out for its remarkable antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this research, our objective is to investigate the imp...

Background Growing reports are dedicated to providing novel agents for wound healing with fewer adverse effects and higher efficacy. The efficacy of nanofibers composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylene oxide (PEO)/chitosan (CS) in promoting wound healing can be attributed to their ability to stimulate collagen production. Among the herbal ag...

: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to cause depression by activating microglia and inducing pro-inflammatory factors in the brain. Citrus medica (CM) is a plant with known therapeutic effects. In this study, depression was induced in mice using intraperitoneal (IP) LPS (1 mg/kg). Two days later, behavioral tests were conducted. Mice were div...

Background Autophagy plays a crucial role in modulating the proliferation of cancer diseases. However, the application of Naringenin (Nar), a compound with potential benefits against these diseases, has been limited due to its poor solubility and bioavailability. Objective This study aimed to develop solid lipid nanoparticles (Nar-SLNs) loaded wit...

Background A growing body of research is dedicated to developing new therapeutic agents for wound healing with fewer adverse effects. One of the proceedings being taken today in wound healing research is to identify promising biological materials that not only heal wounds but also vanish scarring. The effectiveness of nanofibers like polyvinyl alco...

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine that cannot be cured, but its symptoms can be managed. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of Ulmus minor leaves on UC induced by acetic acid in rats. Methods: Rats were randomly divided int...

Background Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease dependent on immunoglobulin E and causes inflammation of the nasal mucosa, leading to decreased quality of life for affected patients. Since common treatments, including corticosteroids and antihistamines, have temporary therapeutic effects and numerous side effects, investigating natural comp...

Background Pistacia atlantica Desf., also known as Atlantic pistachio or Mt. Atlas mastic tree, has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce inflammation in conditions like arthritis. Additionally, the tree's resin possesses antioxidant properties that can help protect against oxidative stress. The a...

The l-arginine (l-Arg)/nitric oxide/cyclic GMP/potassium channel (KATP) pathway and opioid receptors are known to play critical roles in pain perception and the antinociceptive effects of various compounds. While there is evidence suggesting that the analgesic effects of rutin may involve nitric oxide modulation, the direct link between rutin and t...

Background Considering the complex pathological mechanisms behind spinal cord injury (SCI) and the adverse effects of present non-approved drugs against SCI, new studies are needed to introduce novel multi-target active ingredients with higher efficacy and lower side effects. Polydatin (PLD) is a naturally occurring stilbenoid glucoside recognized...

Natural flavonoids have been promising in protecting against liver injuries induced by acetaminophen overdose, the leading cause of drug-induced hepatotoxicity. The present research was focused on an integrative approach to shed light on the currently unclear targeted pathways and possible molecular mechanisms involved in such alleviating effects....

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive cognitive deterioration, including deficits in memory and other cognitive functions. Oxidative stress and free radical damage play significant roles in its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is deadly anaplastic changes in the gastrointestinal tract with high-rate mortality. In recent years, the application of phytocompounds has been extended along with different therapeutic protocols. Here, we monitored the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) on autophagy via mitochondrial function after modulation of the Wnt/β-cateni...

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), also known as syndrome X or insulin resistance, is a complex disorder characterized by multiple risk factors. It is caused by insulin resistance, which is accompanied by abnormal accumulation and dysfunction of adipose tissue. Introduction: Recently, several studies have evaluated the efficacy of herbs on Met...

Background Cinnamic acid, an active compound in cinnamon spp., has anti-inflam-matory and antioxidant characteristics and is favorable in managing inflammatory bowel diseases. Background Background: Cinnamic acid is a chemical with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics, thus might help to manage inflammatory bowel disease. Objective E...

Background: Visceral hypersensitivity (VH) is an overreaction of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to various stimuli and is characterized by hyperalgesia and/or allodynia. VH contributes to the etiology of many GI dysfunctions, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Although the exact mechanisms underlying VH are yet to be found, inflammation...

Peripheral neuropathies are associated with various detrimental complications, leading to life-debilitating disorders, including neuropathic pain. Hence, the current study aimed to incorporate naringin, a potential natural component, into chitosan nanoparticles (NPs) to ameliorate the complications resulting from chronic constriction injury (CCI) i...

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Fraxinus excelsior L. (FE), commonly known as the ash, belongs to the Oleaceae family and has shown several pharmacological and biological properties, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. It has also attracted the most attention toward neuroinflammation. Moreover, FE...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory disease, primarily affecting the joints and with stromal tissue dysregulation causing chronic inflammation and joint destruction. Rutin is a natural flavonoid with potential therapeutic properties in chronic destructive conditions including rheumatoid diseases. In this study, the pro...

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verumJ.Presl) is a well-known medicinal plant considered as an effective treatment for neurological disorders based on Persian medicine. The aim of the present study was assessing the effect of cinnamon oil, cinnamic acid, and cinnamaldehyde, on the in vitromodel of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cinnamon oil, prepared in sesame oil...

Background: Herbal medicines can be used as a possible therapeutic agent in inflammatory diseases. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of Artemisia vulgaris (AV) hydro-alcoholic extract on oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in an experimental rat model of colitis. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided...

Objective To identify the genomics underpinning the increased volume of the hippocampus after long‐term administration of lithium (Li) in bipolar disorder patients, hypothesizing the possible contribution of cell growth and differentiation pathways to this complication. Methods RNA‐seq profiles of four samples of hippocampal progenitor cells chron...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has two subtypes called ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). They have the same tissue damage processes; however, differ in the initial procedures and immune regulatory aberrations. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) appears to have an important function and a key pathogenic role in CD and UC. In this...

Introduction Lung cancer is a progressive disease with the highest incidence and mortality rate of other cancer types. Besides, the low efficacy of current treatments used against lung cancer urges the need for novel alternative treatments. Method Accordingly, quercetin (a flavonoid) has shown a mechanistic-based potential in preventing the progre...

Purpose: Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications in Kermanshah Province, west of Iran. Methods: The Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study is the first Kurdish community-ba...

It has been demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) go through metabolic changes that differentiate them from non-CSCs. The altered metabolism of CSCs plays a vital role in tumor initiation, progression, immunosuppression, and resistance to conventional therapy. Therefore, defining the role of CSC metabolism in carcinogenesis has emerged as a ma...

Saponins are one of the broadest classes of high-molecular-weight natural compounds, consisting mainly of a non-polar moiety with 27 to 30 carbons and a polar moiety containing sugars attached to the sapogenin structure. Saponins are found in more than 100 plant families as well as found in marine organisms. Saponins have several therapeutic effect...

The traditionally known modulation of the neurological activity and mental health by Citrus medica (citron) is now attributed to its flavonoid compounds because of their widely established neuroprotective effects. By computational testing against a precisely selected set of classic and novel target proteins in major neurodegenerative disorders, thi...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, which has a global prevalence. Also, the plants of the Cupressaceae family have prominent anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects, so they can be considered as promising candidates for the treatment of UC. In this study, the therapeutic effects of extract and essential oil of Cupr...

Autophagy is a pivotal contributing factor to modulate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Although naringenin (Nar) has shown beneficial effects against neurodegenerative diseases, its poor solubility and bioavailability have limited its application. The present research aimed to design a nanostructured formulation of Nar to achieve an...

Results: Aqueous extract and essential oil reduced the viability of A549 cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The lowest inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for both samples of D. ammoniacum oleo-gum resin were 10 and 2.5 μg/ml for 24 hours in A549 cell line, respectively. After treatment with extract and essential oil of D. ammoniacum o...

Achillea wilhelmsii contains several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phytochemicals, proposing protecting effect on inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases. However, its protective and anti-inflammatory activities against Ulcerative Colitis are unknown. This study intended to verify whether A. wilhelmsii...

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most debilitating disorders throughout the world, causing persistent sensory-motor dysfunction, with no effective treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammatory responses play key roles in the secondary phase of SCI. Naringenin (NAR) is a natural flavonoid with known anti-inflammatory and antioxidat...

Background Many substances derived from nutritional or medicinal plants have been studied for their chemopreventive and antineoplastic properties. Among those studied, Ficus carica has shown to have a significant ability to inhibit tumor formation and development of cancer cells through modulating various signaling mechanisms and interaction includ...

Dying Various therapeutic activities of Pistacia atlantica var. mutica such as hypoglycemic, antioxidant and anti-inflam matory activity were shown by several studies. Regarding these therapeutic activities, and due to advantages of nanoparticles for drug delivery systems, the anti-colitic effects of P. atlantica var. mutica oleoresin nanoparticles...

As a double-edge knife, oxidative stress (OS) has shown paradoxical behaviors toward beneficial/harmful responses on human health. In this regard, while the high levels and long-lasting exposure to OS is associated with disease development, low/moderate levels of OS could be a natural defense system in the human body. From the mechanistic point, re...

Background and Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating sensory-motor dysfunction. Neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction are the most common types of dysfunctionality after SCI, which reduces the quality of life. So far, SCI treatment has not been completely effective and researchers are seeking for novel alternative/potent therapies. Metfo...

Asthma is a chronic disease with eosinophilic inflammation and oxidative damages leading to airway obstruction. Naringenin is a phytochemical possessing strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities against chronic destructive conditions. e current study is devoted to evaluating naringenin's effects on the attenuation of inflammation and oxid...

Punica granatum (Family Lythraceae) comprises considerable content of phenolic components and it proves the antioxidant activity of pomegranate. Some clinical trial investigations display that consumption of pomegranate is able to boost the antioxidant status. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of pomegranate extract to reduce oxidative s...

Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pALL), a malignancy of the lymphoid line of blood cells, accounts for a large percentage of all childhood leukemia cases. Although the 5-year survival rate for children with ALL has greatly improved over years, using chemotherapeutics as its first-line treatment still causes short- and long-term side effects....

Background : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a class of lung diseases including chronic bronchitis, asthma, and emphysema. Long-time smoking is considered the main reason for developing emphysema. Emphysema can be defined as damage to the walls of the air sacs (alveoli) of the lung. It has been demonstrated that natural compounds wi...

As the worldwide average life expectancy has grown, the prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) has risen dramatically. A progressive loss of neuronal function characterizes NDDs, usually followed by neuronal death. Inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and protein misfolding are critical dysregulated signaling pathways tha...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as a life-threatening global disease, is receiving worldwide attention. Seeking novel therapeutic strategies and agents is of utmost importance to curb CVD. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators derived from natural products are promising agents for cardiovascular drug development owning to regulatory effects...

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) refer to a number of chronic progressive neurological disorders due to degradation and dysfunction of neurons. A great promise for the prevention of many NDs, herbal bioactives offer better opportunities than synthetic medical agents. However, given the low solubility and bioavailability, nanoformulation enables con...

Background: Cupressus arizonica Greene is a coniferous tree with great importance in fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. Essential oils from C. arizonica (EC) have shown potential antioxidant, and anti-microbial activities. This study aimed at investigating the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects/mecha nisms of EC. Methods: The EC w...

A coherent account of the reaction mechanistic details, structural modifications, and inhibition potentials of antineoplastic drug carmofur and its modified analogs to inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is reported. The survey is performed by integrating the density functional based tight binding (DFTB3) with density functional theory (D...

Background Natural products, with incredible chemical diversity, have been widely studied for their antitumor potential. Quercetin (QU) and quercetin glycoside (rutin), both polyphenolic flavonoids, stick out amongst the natural products, through various studies. Rutin (RU) and its aglycone (QU) have various biological properties that include antio...

Nowadays, the incidence of obesity is a global challenge and it is estimated that the total number of overweight and obese adults will increase up to 1.35 billion by 2030. Evidence obtained from clinical and experimental studies shows that obesity may be associated with cognitive performance and executive function impairments. Considering various e...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent and debilitating neurodegenerative conditions, and is currently on the rise. Several dysregulated pathways are behind the pathogenesis of PD; however, the critical targets remain unclear. Accordingly, there is an urgent need to reveal the key dysregulated pathways in PD. Prevailing reports have...

Growing studies are revealing the critical manifestations of influenza, dengue virus (DENV) infection, Zika virus (ZIKV) disease, and Ebola virus disease (EVD) as emerging infectious diseases. However, their corresponding mechanisms of major complications headed for neuronal dysfunction are not entirely understood. From the mechanistic point of vie...

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are one of the leading causes of death and disability in humans. From a mechanistic perspective, the complexity of pathophysiological mechanisms contributes to NDDs. Therefore, there is an urgency to provide novel multi-target agents towards the simultaneous modulation of dysregulated pathways against NDD...

One of the main functions of the sensory system in our body is to maintain somatosensory homeostasis. Recent reports have led to a significant advance in our understanding of pain signaling mechanisms; however, the exact mechanisms of pain transmission have remained unclear. There is an urgent need to reveal the precise signaling mediators of pain...

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, not all patients are fully satisfied with the current available treatments. Medicinal plants have been globally investigated regarding their effect in CVD, yet the field is far from getting exhausted. The current paper aims to provide an evid...

Materials and methods: Hydroalcoholic extractions of pumpkin fruit peel were obtained and used to prepare two different cold cream-based formulations, namely, 10% and 20% pumpkin peel extracts (PPEs). These formulations, phenytoin cream, and cold cream were topically used once daily for 14 days to compare their wound-healing effects in a rat model...

As a promising flavonoid, naringenin has shown potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties mainly in inflammatory pain models by oral administration. Therefore, we investigated the antinociceptive activity of this compound by intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration, as well as, associated mechanism of action considering the involvement o...

The World Health Organization (WHO) now sees the COVID-19 pandemic as a global emergency event. Since there is no particular treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection at present and also since it takes a long time to find a new medicine, there is an immediate need for an urgent solution to this pandemic infection.1,2 Efficient care is encouraged, but caut...

Medicinal plants are widely used as a complementary therapy to treat complex diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, this study was done to investigate the effect of co‐administration of artichoke leaf extract supplement (ALES) with conventional medicines on patients with NAFLD. The clinical trial was based on patient...

The increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as multifactorial chronic liver disease and the lack of a specific treatment have begun a new era in its treatment using gene expression changes and microRNAs. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of natural compounds in NAFLD by regulating miRNA expr...

A diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic, nonhealing wound that occurs in approximately 15% to 25% of patients with diabetes, and amputation is necessary in approximately 5% to 24% of these patients. Medicinal plants have demonstrated promising wound healing activities in animal models of DFUs as well as in clinical studies. These plants, which are...

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the oldest plants cultivated for its dietary and medicinal values. This incredible plant is endowed with various pharmacological attributes, such as antimicrobial, antiarthritic, antithrombotic, antitumor, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. Among the various beneficial pharmacological effects of garlic,...

Background : As common, progressive, and chronic causes of disability and death, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) significantly threaten human health, while no effective treatment is available. Given the engagement of multiple dysregulated pathways in neurodegeneration, there is an imperative need to target the axis and provide effective/multi-tar...

Background and Study Aims Colonoscopy is a wide-spreading procedure with pain as a habitual challenge for the therapeutic team. The aim of this study is to evaluate safety and efficacy of oral tramadol in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Patients and Methods This randomized controlled trial was performed in 124 consecutive patients who completed t...

Background: Scleroderma is a complex disease involving autoimmune, vascular, and connective tissues, with unknown etiology that can progress through any organ systems. Objective: Yet, no cure is available; the thorough treatment of scleroderma and current treatments are based on controlling inflammation. Nowadays, medicinal plants/natural-based...

The antibiotic para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) is decomposed into its decarboxylated product, meta-aminophenol, with a series of toxicity symptoms including hemolytic anemia. The present trial investigates the decarboxylation mechanism of PAS, along with an in-detail assessment of the potential energy profiles, geometries, kinetic, and thermodynamic...

Since its inception, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected millions of people around the world. Therefore, it is necessary to find effective treatments against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), as it is the viral source of COVID-19. Alkaloids are one of the most widespread plant-derived natural co...

Due to the complicated pathogenic pathways of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), related medicinal therapies have remained a clinical challenge. COVID-19 highlights the urgent need to develop mechanistic pathogenic pathways and effective agents for preventing/treating future epidemics. As a result, the destructive pathways of COVID-19 are in the...

Background: Different effects of cinnamon and its oil in traditional medicine in the treatment of diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases, were reported. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) in patients with functional dyspepsia in a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled t...

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Considering the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the primary cause of death during the last several decades, it is necessary to develop proper strategies for the prevention and treatment of CVDs. Given the excessive side effects of current therapies, alternative therapeutic approaches like medicinal plants and natural products are...

Objectives: An acquired melanin-related hyperpigmentation that occurs in sun exposure areas is Melasma which presents as gray-brown ridges and macules with prominent margins on the skin. The aim of this assay was to assess the formulation and efficacy of topical Dorema ammoniacum among Melasma patients. Methods: This study was a 30 days double-b...

Beetroot has recently become very popular among people as a medicinal superfood that decreases blood pressure and improves athletes’ performance. The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of beetroot consumption on serum lipid profile. A literature search was conducted covering PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and google scholar...

Citation: Ghanbari-Movahed, M.; Kaceli, T.; Mondal, A.; Farzaei, M.H.; Bishayee, A. Recent Advances in Improved Anticancer Efficacies of Camptothecin Nano-Formulations: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines Abstract: Camptothecin (CPT), a natural plant alkaloid, has indicated potent antitumor activities via targeting intracellular topoisomerase I. The...

Neurological disorders are the major and increasing cause of disability and death. Despite the progressions in the management of neurological diseases, revealing related medicinal therapies remained a clinical challenge, due to their less efficacy and different adverse effects. Besides, several cellular and molecular mechanisms are underlying the p...

Background: Natural product-based cancer preventive and therapeutic entities, such as flavonoids and their derivatives, are shown to have a noticeable capability to suppress tumor formation and cancer cell growth. Naringin, a natural flavanone glycoside present in various plant species, has been indicated to modulate different signaling pathways an...

In recent decades, several neuroprotective agents have been provided in combating neuronal dysfunctions; however, no effective treatment has been found towards the complete eradication of neurodegenerative diseases. From the pathophysiological point of view, growing studies are indicating a bidirectional relationship between gut and brain termed gu...

Simple Summary Cancer is caused by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of cells that eventually lead to tumor formation. Genetic and epigenetic alterations are among the most critical factors in the onset of carcinoma. Phytochemicals are a group of natural compounds that play an essential role in cancer prevention and treatment. Long non-coding RNAs...

Cinnamon and its bioactive ingredients such as cinnamaldehyde (CA), with broad pharmacological profiles, are important parts of daily diet in many cultures. Moreover, there are plenty motivating patents on efficacy of nutritional phytochemicals as novel anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study intended t...

The dysregulation of Notch signaling is associated with a wide variety of different human cancers. Notch signaling activation mostly relies on the activity of the γ-secretase enzyme that cleaves the Notch receptors and releases the active intracellular domain. It is well-documented that γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) block the Notch activity, mainly...

This study presents a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) supplementation and liver function biomarkers. Pertinent studies were identified using Scopus, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane library databases up to August 2020. Mean differences were pooled u...

The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made a wide range of manifestations. In this regard, growing evidence is focusing on COVID-19 neurological associations; however, there is a lack of established pathophysiological mechanisms and related treatments. Accordingly, a compreh...

Purpose Clinical trials considering the effects of artichoke supplementation on blood pressure have yielded different and contradictory outcomes. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess effects of artichoke administration on blood pressure. Methods Related studies were detected by searching the Cochrane Library, PubMed...