Mohamed Zaghloul

Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt | CCHE · Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt

Aims: To assess the clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics (Sonic hedgehog and group 3/4 molecular subtypes expression) and treatment modalities for infantile medulloblastoma in correlation with outcomes. Materials & methods: A retrospective study of 86 medulloblastoma patients (≤3 years) was conducted. M0 patients <2.5 years received...

Background: Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) has been established to decrease normal tissue radiation dose in breast cancer. Methods: Forty-nine patients had two CT scans during DIBH or free breathing. Chest-wall position, setup verification and breath-hold monitoring were performed. Cone-beam CT and a surface image system were used for verifica...

Objectives To determine the real-life radiotherapy utilization rate in pediatric cancer patients in a large pediatric cancer institution. Although RUR is specified for most adult cancers, it is seldom reported in childhood tumors. Methods A real-life RUR for pediatric tumors was performed in a large low-/middle-income country (LMIC) center from 20...

Objective: To compare the 4-field 3D conformal radiotherapy technique (3DCRT) to the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) 9-field technique for adjuvant radiotherapy post radical cystectomy in high-risk urothelial bladder cancer cases. Patients and Methods: A dosimetric analysis of 11 urothelial bladder cancer patients who underwent radical cyst...

Purpose To provide means for calculating the dose received by various tissues of the patient, calculate lung shield, and verify received dose using a phantom as a tool for quality assurance for a planned Total Body Irradiation (TBI) procedure in radiotherapy. Method Using Microsoft Visual Basic, MATLAB, and Python, a program for Total Body Irradia...

BACKGROUND: Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (GCTs) are rare heterogeneous tumors, with germinoma accounting for two-thirds of cases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with response-based reduced radiotherapy dose and field has become the standard management of localized CNS germinomas, however, treatment of primary metastatic disease has remained cont...

In part one of this two-part paper, we present eight principles that we believe must be considered for more effective treatment of the currently incurable cancers. These are addressed by multidrug adjunctive cancer treatment (MDACT), which uses multiple repurposed non-oncology drugs, not primarily to kill malignant cells, but rather to reduce the m...

There are limited data on the role of local therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (mUC). In this retrospective cohort analysis, we queried the National Cancer Data Base for patients with newly diagnosed mUC (cT1–4 N0–3 M1). Overall survival (OS) was compared between treatment with chemotherapy (CT) alone (n = 4122) and CT plus...

PURPOSE Cancer is a leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. This work aims to study the Arab world males' cancers (AMCs) and the similarities and disparities with the world males' cancers (WMCs) from different burden points of view. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive review of the 2020 Global Cancer Observatory revealed AMCs...

Background : Pediatric Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an orphan disease. The study aims at confirming the non-inferiority of hypofractionated (HF) radiotherapy. Identification of the prognostic factors that determine the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) is the secondary objective. Methods : 253 patients were ran...

Background The survival of pineoblastoma patients is low, particularly in infants and those with metastatic disease. This study aimed to analyze the prognostic factors affecting the outcome of Pineoblastoma in different age groups. Methods A retrospective study included 33 patients. Twenty-two patients older than 3 years had upfront surgery, follo...

Background: Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a unique disease entity both in its pathology and the young patient population that it primarily affects. Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that high PD-L1 expression levels are correlated with adverse clinical and pathologic features. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation betwee...

Background: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains a clinico-radiologic diagnosis without routine tissue acquisition. Reliable imaging distinction between DIPG and other pontine tumors with potentially more favorable prognoses and treatment considerations is essential. Methods: Cases submitted to the International DIPG registry (IDIPGR)...

Many documents and protocols had been published in the field of treatment planning systems (TPS) quality assurance, verifying dose calculation to the relevant measurements. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) had published Technical Documents (TEC-DOCs) concerned with the TPS quality assurance intended to the developing countries to suits the...

Local-regional failure for patients with ≥pT3 urothelial carcinoma after radical cystectomy is a significant clinical challenge. Prospective randomised trials have failed to show that chemotherapy reduces the risk of local-regional recurrences. Salvage treatment for local failures is difficult and often unsuccessful. There is promising evidence, pa...

Purpose Protein misfolding and aggregation result in proteotoxic stress and underlie the pathogenesis of many diseases. To overcome proteotoxicity, cells compartmentalize misfolded and aggregated proteins in different inclusion bodies. The aggresome is a paranuclear inclusion body that functions as a storage compartment for misfolded proteins. Chor...

490 Background: Integrating molecular subtypes, gene transcripts associated with disease recurrence (DR), and clinicopathologic features may help risk stratify muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients & guide therapy selection. We hypothesized that combined transcriptomic & clinical data would improve risk stratification for DR (local or dist...

413 Background: Limited data exists on the role of local therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (mUC). Large database analysis have inherent limitations but can shed light on survival outcomes in a real-world population and in scenarios not easily studied in a randomized fashion. We hypothesized that in the NCDB, radiotherapy (R...

Purpose: To report our experience and management strategies during 10 years for 137 childhood craniopharyngiomas treated at a single institution. Methods: Medical records of children with craniopharyngioma treated at Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE-57357) from July 2007 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Beta-catenin as an im...

Pediatric craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor with excellent survival but significant long-term morbidities due to the loco-regional tumor growth or secondary to its treatment. Visual impairment, panhypopituitarism, hypothalamic damage and behavioral changes are amongst the main challenges. This tumor should be managed under the care of a multidiscip...

INTRODUCTION The role of diagnostic biopsy in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains in question. Distinguishing radiographically between DIPG and other pontine tumors with more favorable prognosis and different therapy is critically important. METHODS Cases submitted to the International DIPG registry with histopathologic data were analy...

PURPOSE To review data from DIPG Registry patients recorded to have received a second course of radiation therapy (rRT). METHODS The International DIPG Registry was searched for patients with DIPG who were treated with a known dose of rRT. Doses of rRT, timing from initial diagnosis and primary radiation therapy (pRT), radiographic response to rRT...

Background Urinary schistosomiasis and its severe complications, mainly bladder cancer, are scarce in non-endemic areas. The deficiency in knowledge and clinical experience of schistosomiasis may lead to inadequate management. Highlighting these topics may be of value, especially with the increased immigration from endemic low-/middle-income countr...

Aims Childhood cancer survival is suboptimal in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Radiotherapy plays a significant role in the standard care of many patients. To assess the current status of paediatric radiotherapy, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) undertook a global survey and a review of practice in eight leading treatme...

Objectives We aimed to study the clinical state and prognosis of patients with unilateral retinoblastoma who were being treated at a paediatric comprehensive cancer centre in a limited-resource country, to assess the different phases of treatment and the success of different, more complex real-life models. Subjects In this retrospective study, we...

INTRODUCTION The role of diagnostic biopsy in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains in question. Distinguishing radiographically between DIPG and other pontine tumors with more favorable prognosis and different therapy is critically important. METHODS Cases submitted to the International DIPG registry with histopathologic data were analy...

Purpose Although the radiotherapy utilization rate (RUR) is determined for most adult cancers, it is seldom reported in childhood tumors, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where the majority of pediatric cancer patients reside. This study aims to investigate the real-life RUR for pediatric tumors in a large LMIC center. Mater...

To compare the apoptotic efficiency of AuNPs, ionizing and non-ionizing radiotherapy, phototherapy, and AuNPs-ionizing-radiotherapy), MCF-7 cells were used as a model for luminal B subtypes of breast carcinoma. A mixture of AuNPs [66% of Au-nanospheres (AuNSs) and 34% of Au-nanorods (AuNRs)] was synthesized and characterized by optical spectroscopy...

Pediatric craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor with excellent survival but significant long-term morbidities due to the loco-regional tumor growth or secondary to its treatment. Visual impairment, panhypopituitarism, hypothalamic damage, and behavioral changes are among the main challenges. This tumor should be managed under the care of a multidiscipl...

Abstract Pediatric craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor with excellent survival but significant long-term morbidities due to the loco-regional tumor growth or secondary to its treat- ment. Visual impairment, panhypopituitarism, hypothalamic damage, and behavioral changes are among the main challenges. This tumor should be managed under the care of a m...

PURPOSE Adequate clinical services have yet to be established in the majority of African countries, where childhood cancer survival rates vary from 8.1% to 30.3%. The aim of this review is to describe the landscape of pediatric oncology trials in Africa, identify challenges, and offer future opportunities for research collaborations. METHODS The st...

PURPOSE Adequate clinical services have yet to be established in the majority of African countries, where childhood cancer survival rates vary from 8.1% to 30.3%. The aim of this review is to describe the landscape of pediatric oncology trials in Africa, identify challenges, and offer future opportunities for research collaborations. METHODS T...

This report provides a summary of the global burden of childhood cancer morbidity and mortality, which disproportionately affects low‐ and middle‐income countries as well as low‐ and middle‐income communities within high‐income countries. We review past successes and current challenges to improving clinical pediatric radiotherapy, education, and re...

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. The current COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented challenge leading to care disruption, which is more severe in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) due to existing economic obstacles. This review presents the global perspective and preparedness plans for breast cancer co...

Background: This study explores the prognostic factors and outcomes of different treatment modalities in focal brain stem glioma (FBSG). Materials & methods: Pediatric FBSG patients diagnosed during 2010–2017 were retrospectively reviewed for clinical and therapeutic data. Results: A total of 71 cases were identified and the median age was 6.4 year...

Protein misfolding and aggregation result in proteotoxic stress and underlie the pathogenesis of many diseases. To overcome proteotoxicity, cells compartmentalize misfolded and aggregated proteins in different inclusion bodies. Aggresome is a paranuclear inclusion body that functions as a storage compartment for misfolded proteins. Our previous wor...

Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, providers and patients must engage in shared decision-making to ensure that the benefit of early intervention for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) exceeds the risk of contracting COVID-19 in the clinic setting. It is unknown whether treatment delays for MIBC patients eligible for curative chemoradiati...

Pediatric high-grade gliomas (HGG) are rare aggressive tumors that present a prognostic and therapeutic challenge. Diffuse midline glioma, H3K27M–mutant is a new entity introduced to HGG in the latest WHO classification. In this study we evaluated the presence of H3K27M mutation in 105 tumor samples histologically classified into low-grade gliomas...

Aim: Scarce data assessing the real value of whole lung irradiation (WLI) in Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) with lung-only metastasis, with published conflicting results. We studied the impact of WLI in a homogenous pediatric population. Materials & methods: Retrospective study evaluating the survival outcomes of WLI in these patients. Results: Out of 163 me...

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error. The author apologizes for having provided an incorrect name: "Mohamed S. Zaghluol" should be "Mohamed S. Zaghloul". Given in this article is the correct author name.

524 Background: The role of adjuvant therapy after radical cystectomy (RC) is not well-defined for squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the bladder. Several studies suggest limited efficacy for chemo while adjuvant RT improved disease-free survival (DFS) vs. observation in a previous trial. In this study, we report a post-hoc subgroup analysis of SqCC...

515 Background: Some chemotherapy-naïve patients with locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC) after radical cystectomy (RC) are sufficiently de-conditioned that they are not candidates for adjuvant chemo or decline it. Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is an alternative (or complementary) adjuvant therapy, but is rarely performed, with most of these patien...

Objectives High-grade glioma (HGG) is a clinical challenge. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RTOG-RPA) for HGG remains the standard for assessing the prognosis of adult HGG. This study assesses the validity of the RTOG-RPA to be applied to pediatric HGG. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 59 pediatric H...

Pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) represents approximately 20% of all pediatric CNS tumors. However, disease outcomes are dismal with a median survival of less than 1 year and a 2-year overall survival rate of less than 10%. Despite extensive efforts to improve survival outcomes, progress towards clinical improvement has been largel...

Background: During the last decades, the prognosis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has been improved significantly with the introduction of effective chemotherapy and the implementation of risk-adapted treatment approaches. Identification of reliable risk factors is crucial to guide treatment throughout the disease. Objectives: We aimed to identify indepe...

Background & aim:Although 'interim' positron emission tomography (PET) may inform therapeutic decisions, Risk stratification at diagnosis allows earlier and potentially better modification during treatment of HL. the prognosis of HL in our center.In this study, we aimed to identify the prognostic role of both the IPET and validate Childhood Hodgkin...

Radiotherapy is living a second life in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) patients, mainly due to the introduction of immunocheckpoint inhibitors, such as anti-Programmed-death (PD)-1, alone or in combination with anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4. Several trials are investigating the efficacy/safety of immunocheckpoint inhibitors in sequential...

The incidence of pediatric cancer is lower than that of adult cancer worldwide. However, the former has detrimental side effects on the health of individuals, even after the cancer is cured, due to the impact of treatment on development. Recently, correlations have been made between the gut microbiome and cancer in several studies but only on adult...

Radiation oncology is a discipline of clinical medicine that uses ionizing radiation for the treatment of patients with malignant diseases, cancers (mostly), or some nonmalignant diseases (on occasion). It is an area of medicine where radiation oncologists are unable to deliver their therapeutic measures without the input from medical physicists, r...

Neuroblastoma (NBL) in infants has the potential to regress/ mature spontaneously. The literature showed some cases, subjected to initial observation, with reasonable outcome. Deferring/avoiding active treatment was investigated in selected favorable NBL cases. Patients enrolled on thewatch and see strategy (W&S) had small primary tumor, localized...

Background and purpose: Arab countries share a common location, history, language and culture with different economic characteristics. In this study, we analyze the availability and factors influencing radiotherapy services and cancer mortality incidence ratio (MIR) in Arabic countries. Materials and methods: Data were collected from GLOBOCAN repor...

Background: Children and adolescents with HL have excellent long-term survival exceeding 95% after combined modality treatment. However, about 20% will either relapse or have PRF. Salvage HDCT followed by AHSCT is considered to be the preferential treatment. Objective: To describe the outcome (OS and EFS) and prognostic factors in pediatric pati...

Background Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is an uncommon subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in children and accounts for 5–10% of all pediatric HL. Aims The aim of the study to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of Pediatric NLPHL. Methods Retrospective study including all newly diagnosed patients le...

The 13th African continental meeting of the international society of paediatric oncology, held on 6-9 March 2019 in Cairo, was organised in collaboration with the Children Cancer Hospital (57357) in Egypt and the global parents' organisation (Childhood Cancer International) and supported by a large international faculty. With 629 delegates from 37...

Background Local‐regional failure (LF) for locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC) after radical cystectomy (RC) is common even with chemotherapy and is associated with high morbidity/mortality. Postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) can reduce LF and may enhance overall survival (OS) but has no defined role. We hypothesized that the addition of PORT wou...

4507 Background: Some chemotherapy-naïve patients with locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC) after radical cystectomy (RC) are sufficiently de-conditioned that they are not candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy or decline it, even though such treatment may be warranted. There is no clear alternative adjuvant therapy for these patients, who are usua...

Objectives: To assess the treatment efficiency, outcome and factors affecting the local control of localized bladder/prostate RMS. Patients and methods: Retrospective analysis of 54 patients with localized bladder/prostate RMS treated at Children Cancer Hospital, Egypt between August 2007 and Jan 2017. All patients were treated according to Intergr...

Introduction: To check the impact of the clinical and pathologic features at diagnosis and treatment given, on the outcome of synovial sarcoma in children and adolescents.Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients below 18 years old diagnosed by synovial sarcoma and treated at Children CancerHospital Egypt 57,357 (CCHE) between July 2007 and Decem...

The 13th African continental meeting of the international society of paediatric oncology, held on 6-9 March 2019 in Cairo, was organised in collaboration with the Children Cancer Hospital (57357) in Egypt and the global parents' organisation (Childhood Cancer International) and supported by a large international faculty. With 629 delegates from 37...

Background:Thirty one patients were treated with CSI in the supine position. Custom-made Styrofoam was tailored for each patient to straighten the convexity and concavity of the spinal axis allowing better dose distribution uniformity during CSI technique. In the first 6 patients, CT simulation were performed twice: one time with the patient lying...

Objective: Evaluation of the integral dose and secondary cancer risk probability in normal organs following using of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) compared to Conformal Radiotherapy (3DCRT) techniques in treatment of neuroblastoma. Methods: Eleven abdominal Neuroblastoma patients with different tumor size and shape are selected for this s...

351 Background: The role of post-operative chemotherapy after radical cystectomy (RC) is not well-defined. While some retrospective studies have shown a benefit, trials have been under-powered. In a phase III Egyptian trial, we evaluated the benefit of adjuvant chemo in locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC) patients treated with post-operative rad...

This book offers the first comprehensive review on the role of helminth infections in human carcinogenesis. Introductory chapters provide an overview of the spectrum of cancer-causing helminths and examine the epidemiology of these agents, with special reference to blood and liver flukes. More specific themes are then considered in detail, with par...

Background: Pediatric gliomas comprise a clinically, histologically, and molecularly heterogeneous group of central nervous system tumors. The survival of children with gliomas influenced by histologic subtype, age, and extent of resection. Tumor grade emerged as the most determinant of survival except in the young age groups. The aim of this study...